Introduction to Diesel and Biodiesel Sources of Biodiesel Importance of biodiesel Biodiesel – Key drivers and benefits. Biodiesel – production potential in Ghana ( flags of our capability). New generation of biodiesel production. Challenges of Biodiesel production in Ghana. The way forward- the Role of the Government. Conclusion References

1. Title: Biodiesel Production Potential Of Ghana
UNIVERSITY OF CAPE COAST
COLLEGE OF AGRICULTURE AND NATURAL SCIENCES
SCHOOL OF BIOLOGICAL SCIENCES
DEPARTMENT OF MOLECULAR BIOLOGY AND BIOTECHNOLOGY
Presentation
By
Joshua Yeboah Asiamah
Rosemary Agbeko
Hilda Dennis
Sabina Amos

2. Outline of presentation
– Introduction to Diesel and Biodiesel
Sources of Biodiesel
Importance of biodiesel
– Biodiesel – Key drivers and benefits.
– Biodiesel – production potential in Ghana ( flags of our capability).
– New generation of biodiesel production.
– Challenges of Biodiesel production in Ghana.
– The way forward- the Role of the Government.
– Conclusion
– References

3.  Diesel is transportation fuel from crude oil
 Energy sources utilization is expected to increase
 Combustion of fossil fuel contribute to global
warming and pollution
 There is an urgent need to find an alternative energy
resource

4. Introduction
– What is Biodiesel ?
– Alternate fuel for
diesel engines
– Made from vegetables
oils, animal fats ,
microbes .
– Lower emission.
– Biodegradable
essentially non-toxic
- Renewable
http://www.WHO.org

6. Introduction conti…..
– Biodiesel production has
been driven world wide
by :
– Oil Prices
– Environmental Benefits
– Energy independence

7. Key drivers and benefits
– Increase in production by these countries is boasted by;
– Direct involvement by government
– Advances in production technologies ( Research)
– E.U sets target – substitutes 10% of petrol and diesel by
Biodiesel by 2020. (COM ;2006)
– U.S produces 136 billion liters by 2022 (OECD/IEA; 2008)

8. What is Africa doing???
– Sub Sahara Africa lags behinds the world in biofuel
production. (Duku et al., 2007)
- Ghana is no exception ;
- Crude oil import constitutes to over 30% of our total energy
demand.
- Demand on petroleum product reach about 3 billion liters per
annum (Antwi et al., 2007)

9. – In Ghana consumption of petroleum products is growing at
about 3% per annum
- By 2020 it demand is estimated be around 240000=8 billion
liters (Antwi et al.,2010)
- And the effect is obvious !!!
BIOIESEL IS THE WAY OUT !!!

10. Biodiesel Production Potential of Ghana
Strategic national energy policy committee
(SNEP)& Biofuels Committee set up in 2005
[Antwi et al., 2010]
–Among their recommendations were;
- 10 per cent of national gasoline consumption
replaced with biodiesel by 2015 and 20% by
2020.
–Removal of institutional barriers.

11. Figure 1. Biodiesel and ethanol demand as a percentage of total transport fuel consumption
(Antwi et al., 2010)
POTENTIAL PROJECTIONS

12. Our True Potential
Questions:
Does Our Agricultural Sector Have The
Sufficient Feedstock To Meet This
Demand???
What Do We Have , To Produce This 10%
and 20% ???
GHANA IS BLESSED
WITH MANY OIL
BEARING FOOD CROPS

13. Production levels of potential feedstock in Ghana
Feedstock for biodiesel Current production
– Jatropha oil 500 T
– Coconut 27,000 T
– Palm oil 800,000 T
– Palm nut 1,040 T
– Soybean 50 T
– Sunflower 9,262 kg
– Used vegetable oil -
– Citronella oil -
– Castor oil -
- Duku et al., 2008

14. FEEDSTOCK REQUIRED?
Figure 2. Feedstock
requirement to
meet demand of
substituting 10 and
20 per cent of
diesel consumed
by 2015 and 2020
respectively (Duku ,
2008)

15. Challenges of Ghana’s production potential
– Poor Technological Know- How.
– Standard and regulatory mechanism have not been
develop.
– Government not being key player in the industry
– No subsidy for biofuel producers in Ghana

16. Way forward – The Role of the government
– Introduction of incentives and subsidies to boost the cultivation of
feedstock and the production of biofuels.
– Development Fund must be set up to provide soft loans for the
cultivation of feedstock and the production of biofuels.
– In effect government must be seen playing a leading role in helping to
achieve the set objectives. Leaving the private sector alone will not
yield the desired result.
– Scholarships to train skilled personnel
– Involve Scientist and Researchers .

17. The Way forward ……

18. JATHROPHA FRUIT
FUTURE FUEL FRUIT
Jatropha curca
 A promising opportunity for sustainable
biofuel.
 High yield Jatropha contains 37% of oil higher
than that of rapeseed, sunflower and soya
bean
Low water and fertilizer requirements
High resistance to pests
Ability to grow on marginal land without
competing with food production (Jongschaap
2007)

19. JATROPHA OIL

20. Algae’s potential as a feedstock
Algae is the most promising non-food source of biodiesel.
A lipid-rich composition (40–80% in dry weight)
A rapid reproduction rate and can grows practically anywhere. (salt
water and harsh conditions )
A high per-acre yield (7–31 times greater than the next best crop –
palm oil) -No need to use crops such as palms to produce oil.
 Algae thrive on carbon dioxide from gas- and coal-fired power Plants,
Algae biofuel contains no sulfur, is non-toxic and highly biodegradable

21. lawofalgae.wiki.zoho.com

23. Conclusion
–In addressing , energy security, climate change and
pollution in the country, biodiesel come in handy as
an alternative option for government to pursue
which will provide solutions to our energy and
environmental problem.

24. Reference
– Energy Commission, Energy Statistics 2000-2008, 2009.
– Jongschaap, R. E. E., et al. Claims and facts on Jatropha curcas L.: global Jatropha curcas evaluation. breeding and
propagation programme. No. 158. Plant Research International, 2007.
– Energy Policy Act of 2005, Public Law 109-58-August 8,
– Antwi, E., Bensah, E. C., Quansah, D. A., Arthur, R., & Ahiekpor, J. (2010). Ghana's biofuels policy: challenges and the
way forward. Int J Energy Environ, 1(5), 805-14.
– Duku, M. H., Status of Biofuels Development in Ghana. ICS-UNIDO-MPOB, Workshop on Biofuels from Palm Oil:
Emerging Technologies and their Assessments, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia, 2007
– Chisti, Y. (2008). Biodiesel from microalgae beats bioethanol. Cell Press 26, 126–131.
– Choe, S.H.; Jung, I.H.(2002). J. Ind. Eng. Chem. 8 (4): 297.
– COM (2006) 34 final. An EU strategy for biofuels. Commission of the European Communities, Brussels, 8.2.
– Wang, B.; Li, Y.; Wu, N.; Lan, CQ. (2008). CO2 bio-mitigation using microalgae. Applied Microbiology and Biotechnology,
79(5):707–18.
– International Energy Agency (IEA). Key World Energy Statistics 2008. Paris, OECD/IEA; 2008

25. Thank you