1) The document is a chapter from a biology textbook that discusses the chemical basis of life. It covers topics like the elements that make up living organisms, the structure of atoms, and different types of chemical bonds between atoms like covalent and ionic bonds.
2) A key example discussed is how ants use formic acid to maintain "devil's gardens" of Duroia trees by protecting the trees from insects through various chemical means.
3) The chapter emphasizes that biology has a foundation in basic chemical and physical principles and that living things are made up of chemical elements that combine in various ways due to interactions at the atomic and molecular level.
ESR spectroscopy in liquid food and beverages.pptxPRIYANKA PATEL
With increasing population, people need to rely on packaged food stuffs. Packaging of food materials requires the preservation of food. There are various methods for the treatment of food to preserve them and irradiation treatment of food is one of them. It is the most common and the most harmless method for the food preservation as it does not alter the necessary micronutrients of food materials. Although irradiated food doesn’t cause any harm to the human health but still the quality assessment of food is required to provide consumers with necessary information about the food. ESR spectroscopy is the most sophisticated way to investigate the quality of the food and the free radicals induced during the processing of the food. ESR spin trapping technique is useful for the detection of highly unstable radicals in the food. The antioxidant capability of liquid food and beverages in mainly performed by spin trapping technique.
Similar to biochemistry.pptbiochemistry.pptbiochemistry.pptbiochemistry.pptbiochemistry.pptbiochemistry.pptbiochemistry.pptbiochemistry.pptbiochemistry.pptbiochemistry.pptbiochemistry.ppt
Similar to biochemistry.pptbiochemistry.pptbiochemistry.pptbiochemistry.pptbiochemistry.pptbiochemistry.pptbiochemistry.pptbiochemistry.pptbiochemistry.pptbiochemistry.pptbiochemistry.ppt (20)
ESR spectroscopy in liquid food and beverages.pptxPRIYANKA PATEL
With increasing population, people need to rely on packaged food stuffs. Packaging of food materials requires the preservation of food. There are various methods for the treatment of food to preserve them and irradiation treatment of food is one of them. It is the most common and the most harmless method for the food preservation as it does not alter the necessary micronutrients of food materials. Although irradiated food doesn’t cause any harm to the human health but still the quality assessment of food is required to provide consumers with necessary information about the food. ESR spectroscopy is the most sophisticated way to investigate the quality of the food and the free radicals induced during the processing of the food. ESR spin trapping technique is useful for the detection of highly unstable radicals in the food. The antioxidant capability of liquid food and beverages in mainly performed by spin trapping technique.
Earliest Galaxies in the JADES Origins Field: Luminosity Function and Cosmic ...Sérgio Sacani
We characterize the earliest galaxy population in the JADES Origins Field (JOF), the deepest
imaging field observed with JWST. We make use of the ancillary Hubble optical images (5 filters
spanning 0.4−0.9µm) and novel JWST images with 14 filters spanning 0.8−5µm, including 7 mediumband filters, and reaching total exposure times of up to 46 hours per filter. We combine all our data
at > 2.3µm to construct an ultradeep image, reaching as deep as ≈ 31.4 AB mag in the stack and
30.3-31.0 AB mag (5σ, r = 0.1” circular aperture) in individual filters. We measure photometric
redshifts and use robust selection criteria to identify a sample of eight galaxy candidates at redshifts
z = 11.5 − 15. These objects show compact half-light radii of R1/2 ∼ 50 − 200pc, stellar masses of
M⋆ ∼ 107−108M⊙, and star-formation rates of SFR ∼ 0.1−1 M⊙ yr−1
. Our search finds no candidates
at 15 < z < 20, placing upper limits at these redshifts. We develop a forward modeling approach to
infer the properties of the evolving luminosity function without binning in redshift or luminosity that
marginalizes over the photometric redshift uncertainty of our candidate galaxies and incorporates the
impact of non-detections. We find a z = 12 luminosity function in good agreement with prior results,
and that the luminosity function normalization and UV luminosity density decline by a factor of ∼ 2.5
from z = 12 to z = 14. We discuss the possible implications of our results in the context of theoretical
models for evolution of the dark matter halo mass function.
Deep Behavioral Phenotyping in Systems Neuroscience for Functional Atlasing a...Ana Luísa Pinho
Functional Magnetic Resonance Imaging (fMRI) provides means to characterize brain activations in response to behavior. However, cognitive neuroscience has been limited to group-level effects referring to the performance of specific tasks. To obtain the functional profile of elementary cognitive mechanisms, the combination of brain responses to many tasks is required. Yet, to date, both structural atlases and parcellation-based activations do not fully account for cognitive function and still present several limitations. Further, they do not adapt overall to individual characteristics. In this talk, I will give an account of deep-behavioral phenotyping strategies, namely data-driven methods in large task-fMRI datasets, to optimize functional brain-data collection and improve inference of effects-of-interest related to mental processes. Key to this approach is the employment of fast multi-functional paradigms rich on features that can be well parametrized and, consequently, facilitate the creation of psycho-physiological constructs to be modelled with imaging data. Particular emphasis will be given to music stimuli when studying high-order cognitive mechanisms, due to their ecological nature and quality to enable complex behavior compounded by discrete entities. I will also discuss how deep-behavioral phenotyping and individualized models applied to neuroimaging data can better account for the subject-specific organization of domain-general cognitive systems in the human brain. Finally, the accumulation of functional brain signatures brings the possibility to clarify relationships among tasks and create a univocal link between brain systems and mental functions through: (1) the development of ontologies proposing an organization of cognitive processes; and (2) brain-network taxonomies describing functional specialization. To this end, tools to improve commensurability in cognitive science are necessary, such as public repositories, ontology-based platforms and automated meta-analysis tools. I will thus discuss some brain-atlasing resources currently under development, and their applicability in cognitive as well as clinical neuroscience.
Professional air quality monitoring systems provide immediate, on-site data for analysis, compliance, and decision-making.
Monitor common gases, weather parameters, particulates.
Nutraceutical market, scope and growth: Herbal drug technologyLokesh Patil
As consumer awareness of health and wellness rises, the nutraceutical market—which includes goods like functional meals, drinks, and dietary supplements that provide health advantages beyond basic nutrition—is growing significantly. As healthcare expenses rise, the population ages, and people want natural and preventative health solutions more and more, this industry is increasing quickly. Further driving market expansion are product formulation innovations and the use of cutting-edge technology for customized nutrition. With its worldwide reach, the nutraceutical industry is expected to keep growing and provide significant chances for research and investment in a number of categories, including vitamins, minerals, probiotics, and herbal supplements.
Remote Sensing and Computational, Evolutionary, Supercomputing, and Intellige...University of Maribor
Slides from talk:
Aleš Zamuda: Remote Sensing and Computational, Evolutionary, Supercomputing, and Intelligent Systems.
11th International Conference on Electrical, Electronics and Computer Engineering (IcETRAN), Niš, 3-6 June 2024
Inter-Society Networking Panel GRSS/MTT-S/CIS Panel Session: Promoting Connection and Cooperation
https://www.etran.rs/2024/en/home-english/
ISI 2024: Application Form (Extended), Exam Date (Out), EligibilitySciAstra
The Indian Statistical Institute (ISI) has extended its application deadline for 2024 admissions to April 2. Known for its excellence in statistics and related fields, ISI offers a range of programs from Bachelor's to Junior Research Fellowships. The admission test is scheduled for May 12, 2024. Eligibility varies by program, generally requiring a background in Mathematics and English for undergraduate courses and specific degrees for postgraduate and research positions. Application fees are ₹1500 for male general category applicants and ₹1000 for females. Applications are open to Indian and OCI candidates.
hematic appreciation test is a psychological assessment tool used to measure an individual's appreciation and understanding of specific themes or topics. This test helps to evaluate an individual's ability to connect different ideas and concepts within a given theme, as well as their overall comprehension and interpretation skills. The results of the test can provide valuable insights into an individual's cognitive abilities, creativity, and critical thinking skills
What is greenhouse gasses and how many gasses are there to affect the Earth.moosaasad1975
What are greenhouse gasses how they affect the earth and its environment what is the future of the environment and earth how the weather and the climate effects.
The ability to recreate computational results with minimal effort and actionable metrics provides a solid foundation for scientific research and software development. When people can replicate an analysis at the touch of a button using open-source software, open data, and methods to assess and compare proposals, it significantly eases verification of results, engagement with a diverse range of contributors, and progress. However, we have yet to fully achieve this; there are still many sociotechnical frictions.
Inspired by David Donoho's vision, this talk aims to revisit the three crucial pillars of frictionless reproducibility (data sharing, code sharing, and competitive challenges) with the perspective of deep software variability.
Our observation is that multiple layers — hardware, operating systems, third-party libraries, software versions, input data, compile-time options, and parameters — are subject to variability that exacerbates frictions but is also essential for achieving robust, generalizable results and fostering innovation. I will first review the literature, providing evidence of how the complex variability interactions across these layers affect qualitative and quantitative software properties, thereby complicating the reproduction and replication of scientific studies in various fields.
I will then present some software engineering and AI techniques that can support the strategic exploration of variability spaces. These include the use of abstractions and models (e.g., feature models), sampling strategies (e.g., uniform, random), cost-effective measurements (e.g., incremental build of software configurations), and dimensionality reduction methods (e.g., transfer learning, feature selection, software debloating).
I will finally argue that deep variability is both the problem and solution of frictionless reproducibility, calling the software science community to develop new methods and tools to manage variability and foster reproducibility in software systems.
Exposé invité Journées Nationales du GDR GPL 2024
25. Fig. 2-6
TECHNIQUE
RESULTS
Compounds including
radioactive tracer
(bright blue)
Incubators
1 2 3
4 5 6
7 8 9
10°C 15°C 20°C
25°C 30°C 35°C
40°C 45°C 50°C
1
2
3
Human cells
Human
cells are
incubated
with compounds used to
make DNA. One compound is
labeled with 3H.
The cells are
placed in test
tubes; their DNA is
isolated; and
unused labeled
compounds are
removed.
DNA (old and new)
The test tubes are placed in a scintillation counter.
Counts
per
minute
(
1,000)
Optimum
temperature
for DNA
synthesis
Temperature (ºC)
0
10
10
20
20
30
30 40 50
26. Fig. 2-6a
Compounds including
radioactive tracer
(bright blue)
Human
cells
Incubators
1 2 3
4 5 6
7 8 9
50ºC
45ºC
40ºC
25ºC 30ºC 35ºC
15ºC 20ºC
10ºC
Human
cells are
incubated
with compounds used to
make DNA. One compound is
labeled with 3H.
1
2 The cells are
placed in test
tubes; their DNA is
isolated; and
unused labeled
compounds are
removed.
DNA (old and new)
TECHNIQUE
31. Fig. 2-8
(a) A ball bouncing down a flight
of stairs provides an analogy
for energy levels of electrons
Third shell (highest energy
level)
Second shell (higher
energy level)
Energy
absorbed
First shell (lowest energy
level)
Atomic
nucleus
(b)
Energy
lost
46. Fig. 2-12a
(a) Hydrogen (H2)
Name and
Molecular
Formula
Electron-
distribution
Diagram
Lewis Dot
Structure and
Structural
Formula
Space-
filling
Model
47. Fig. 2-12b
(b) Oxygen (O2)
Name and
Molecular
Formula
Electron-
distribution
Diagram
Lewis Dot
Structure and
Structural
Formula
Space-
filling
Model
48. Fig. 2-12c
(c) Water (H2O)
Name and
Molecular
Formula
Electron-
distribution
Diagram
Lewis Dot
Structure and
Structural
Formula
Space-
filling
Model
49. Fig. 2-12d
(d) Methane
(CH4)
Name and
Molecular
Formula
Electron-
distribution
Diagram
Lewis Dot
Structure and
Structural
Formula
Space-
filling
Model
67. Fig. 2-17
s orbital Three p
orbitals
(a) Hybridization of orbitals
Tetrahedron
Four hybrid orbitals
Space-filling
Model
Ball-and-stick
Model
Hybrid-orbital Model
(with ball-and-stick
model superimposed)
Unbonded
electron
pair
104.5º
Water (H2O)
Methane (CH4)
(b) Molecular-shape models
z
x
y
79. Fig. 2-UN3
Nucleus
Protons (+ charge)
determine element
Neutrons (no charge)
determine isotope
Atom
Electrons (– charge)
form negative cloud
and determine
chemical behavior