BILLS OF EXCHANGE.pptx
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This document discusses bills of exchange under Indian negotiable instruments law. It defines a bill of exchange as a written instrument containing an unconditional order to pay a certain sum of money. It notes that bills of exchange must be in writing, name the relevant parties of drawer, drawee, and payee, outline the amount due and time for payment, and be signed. The document also describes the key parts of a bill of exchange including the amount, date, period, signature, and stamp, and identifies the two main types as bills payable at sight and bills payable after a certain period.
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This document provides an overview of negotiable instruments. It defines a negotiable instrument as a written document that includes a promise to pay a certain amount of money to the bearer. Key points include:
- Negotiable instruments must be in writing, signed, include an unconditional order/promise to pay a certain sum of money, and include delivery.
- Common types of negotiable instruments are promissory notes, bills of exchange, and cheques.
- Features include being transferable, providing title to the transferee, and certain presumptions around consideration, dates, and titles.
Bill of exchange
Sajid Ahamad T D
LLM (International law )
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Bills of exchange : brief overview and walkthrough .
MODERN BANKING - The Negotiable Instruments Act
This document provides an overview of negotiable instruments including the Negotiable Instruments Act of 1881. It defines key terms like negotiable instrument, discusses the characteristics of negotiable instruments like being freely transferable and presuming consideration. It also covers specific instruments like promissory notes, bills of exchange, and cheques. For each it defines the instrument, essential elements, parties involved and how they can be discharged when rights under the instrument are extinguished.
Llb sc u 4 negotiable instruments 31-40
This document provides an introduction and overview of negotiable instruments under Indian law. It defines key terms like negotiable instrument, bill of exchange, promissory note, and cheque. It outlines the main objectives and features of the Negotiable Instruments Act of 1881. Examples of negotiable instruments are given and the essential features like writing, money, transferability etc. are summarized. Different types of negotiable instruments like accommodation bills, fictitious bills, inland vs foreign instruments are also defined. The document classifies and explains the parties and characteristics of bills of exchange, promissory notes, and cheques. Crossing of cheques and different bank drafts are briefly covered.
The negotiable-instruments-act-1881 (2)
The document discusses key aspects of negotiable instruments under the Negotiable Instruments Act of 1881 in India. It covers:
1) The main types of negotiable instruments like promissory notes, bills of exchange, and cheques. It explains their essential elements and differences.
2) Key parties to negotiable instruments like drawers, drawees, makers, payees, holders, and endorsers. It also discusses capacities of different parties.
3) Important concepts like crossing of cheques, classification of instruments, presumption of consideration, and distinction between payment in due course vs other payments.
4) The characteristics and requirements to qualify as a holder in due course, who has additional rights
Legal Environment of Business - Module 3 – Part 1 MBA - MG University - Busi...
Section 13 (1) of the Negotiable Instruments Act states that “ A Negotiable Instruments means a promissory note, bill of exchange or cheque payable either to order or to bearer.”
Negotiableinstrumentsact1881 121012020742-phpapp02 (1)
The document discusses key aspects of negotiable instruments under the Negotiable Instruments Act 1881. It defines negotiable instruments as documents that allow the transfer of rights from one person to another. The Act recognizes promissory notes, bills of exchange, and cheques as negotiable instruments. It outlines essential characteristics like being freely transferable and certain presumptions that apply. The document also explains key parties and elements of promissory notes, bills of exchange, and cheques.
Negotiable instruments
This document provides an overview of negotiable instruments under Indian law. It defines negotiable instruments as documents that are transferable by delivery and includes promissory notes, bills of exchange, and cheques. It discusses key characteristics like being freely transferable, providing the transferee better title, and allowing the holder to sue in their own name. The document also covers presumptions related to negotiable instruments, defines different types of instruments like bills of exchange and promissory notes, and discusses endorsement, crossing, dishonour, discharge and other concepts related to negotiable instruments.
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Blo ppt notes
This document provides an overview of negotiable instruments. It defines a negotiable instrument as a written document that includes a promise to pay a certain amount of money to the bearer. Key points include:
- Negotiable instruments must be in writing, signed, include an unconditional order/promise to pay a certain sum of money, and include delivery.
- Common types of negotiable instruments are promissory notes, bills of exchange, and cheques.
- Features include being transferable, providing title to the transferee, and certain presumptions around consideration, dates, and titles.
Bill of exchange
Sajid Ahamad T D
LLM (International law )
Mysore University
Bills of exchange : brief overview and walkthrough .
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This document provides an overview of negotiable instruments including the Negotiable Instruments Act of 1881. It defines key terms like negotiable instrument, discusses the characteristics of negotiable instruments like being freely transferable and presuming consideration. It also covers specific instruments like promissory notes, bills of exchange, and cheques. For each it defines the instrument, essential elements, parties involved and how they can be discharged when rights under the instrument are extinguished.
Llb sc u 4 negotiable instruments 31-40
This document provides an introduction and overview of negotiable instruments under Indian law. It defines key terms like negotiable instrument, bill of exchange, promissory note, and cheque. It outlines the main objectives and features of the Negotiable Instruments Act of 1881. Examples of negotiable instruments are given and the essential features like writing, money, transferability etc. are summarized. Different types of negotiable instruments like accommodation bills, fictitious bills, inland vs foreign instruments are also defined. The document classifies and explains the parties and characteristics of bills of exchange, promissory notes, and cheques. Crossing of cheques and different bank drafts are briefly covered.
The negotiable-instruments-act-1881 (2)
The document discusses key aspects of negotiable instruments under the Negotiable Instruments Act of 1881 in India. It covers:
1) The main types of negotiable instruments like promissory notes, bills of exchange, and cheques. It explains their essential elements and differences.
2) Key parties to negotiable instruments like drawers, drawees, makers, payees, holders, and endorsers. It also discusses capacities of different parties.
3) Important concepts like crossing of cheques, classification of instruments, presumption of consideration, and distinction between payment in due course vs other payments.
4) The characteristics and requirements to qualify as a holder in due course, who has additional rights
Legal Environment of Business - Module 3 – Part 1 MBA - MG University - Busi...
Section 13 (1) of the Negotiable Instruments Act states that “ A Negotiable Instruments means a promissory note, bill of exchange or cheque payable either to order or to bearer.”
Negotiableinstrumentsact1881 121012020742-phpapp02 (1)
The document discusses key aspects of negotiable instruments under the Negotiable Instruments Act 1881. It defines negotiable instruments as documents that allow the transfer of rights from one person to another. The Act recognizes promissory notes, bills of exchange, and cheques as negotiable instruments. It outlines essential characteristics like being freely transferable and certain presumptions that apply. The document also explains key parties and elements of promissory notes, bills of exchange, and cheques.
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This document provides an overview of negotiable instruments under Indian law. It defines negotiable instruments as documents that are transferable by delivery and includes promissory notes, bills of exchange, and cheques. It discusses key characteristics like being freely transferable, providing the transferee better title, and allowing the holder to sue in their own name. The document also covers presumptions related to negotiable instruments, defines different types of instruments like bills of exchange and promissory notes, and discusses endorsement, crossing, dishonour, discharge and other concepts related to negotiable instruments.
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The document provides an overview of the Negotiable Instruments Act of 1881. It defines key terms like negotiable instrument and discusses the characteristics of negotiable instruments. It outlines the three main types of negotiable instruments - promissory notes, bills of exchange, and cheques. For each type, it provides examples and discusses their essential elements. It also compares and contrasts promissory notes and bills of exchange, and discusses additional qualifications for cheques. Finally, it covers topics like crossing of cheques and the different types of crossing.
negotiable insruments.pptx
This document provides an overview of negotiable instruments under the Negotiable Instruments Act of 1881 in India. It defines key terms like promissory notes, bills of exchange, and cheques. It outlines the essential requirements for valid negotiable instruments and differences between types of instruments. It also discusses acceptance, transfer through endorsement, rights and liabilities of parties, and enforcement of secondary liability.
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This document defines and explains key concepts related to negotiable instruments. It begins by defining negotiable instruments and listing their essential elements. It then describes the main types of negotiable instruments recognized by statute: promissory notes, bills of exchange, and cheques. For each instrument, it outlines their essential elements, parties involved, and types. The document also discusses concepts like crossing of cheques, endorsement and its types.
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The document summarizes key aspects of negotiable instruments under the Negotiable Instruments Act 1881 including promissory notes, bills of exchange, and cheques. It defines each instrument, outlines their essential elements and characteristics, and distinguishes between them. The key takeaways are that negotiable instruments must be freely transferable, give the holder clear title, and can be transferred indefinitely until maturity.
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Introduction
Negotiable instrument
Characteristics of negotiable instrument
Presumption as to negotiable instrument
Types of negotiable instruments
Maturity or days of grace
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Endorsement
Holder in due course
Dishonor of negotiable instrument
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The document discusses key aspects of negotiable instruments under the Negotiable Instruments Act 1881 in India. It defines negotiable instruments as promissory notes, bills of exchange, and checks. It describes how instruments can be negotiable by statute or usage and the methods and essentials of negotiation, endorsement, and transfer. It also discusses the characteristics, presumptions, types (promissory notes, bills of exchange, checks), crossing and endorsement of negotiable instruments.
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The document discusses key aspects of negotiable instruments under the Negotiable Instruments Act 1881. It defines negotiable instruments as promissory notes, bills of exchange, or cheques that are payable either to order or to bearer. It also discusses the characteristics of negotiable instruments like being freely transferable, providing better title, and allowing the holder to sue. The document outlines the essentials of promissory notes, bills of exchange, and cheques and compares some of their key differences. It also covers topics like endorsement, crossing of cheques, and presumptions under negotiable instruments.
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This document provides an overview of negotiable instruments under the Negotiable Instruments Act of 1881 in India. It defines key terms like negotiable instrument, discusses the types of negotiable instruments recognized by statute and custom which include promissory notes, bills of exchange, cheques, and more. It also explains concepts like negotiation, endorsement, parties to different instruments, presumptions under the act, and amendments made in 2002.
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This document discusses negotiable instruments under Indian law. It defines negotiable instruments as documents that are freely transferable from one person to another. The three main types of negotiable instruments recognized under the Negotiable Instruments Act of 1881 are promissory notes, bills of exchange, and cheques. The document outlines the key parties, characteristics, and essential elements of each type of instrument. It also distinguishes between promissory notes and bills of exchange as well as bills of exchange and cheques.
NEGOTIABLE INSTRUMENTS E- PURSE TRUNCATION OF CHEQUE
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The word “ negotiable” means “transferable from one person to another”
A negotiable instrument is a signed document that promises a sum of payment to a specified person
Negotiable instruments are transferable in nature
Sec.13 of the Indian Negotiable Instrument Act, 1881 defines a negotiable instruments as “ a promissory note, bill of exchange or cheque payable either to order or to the bearer.”
Commercial banks also deal with these instruments. The bank collects these instruments for the customers to grant loans and advances against these instruments
Cheque Truncation System (CTS) is a cheque clearing system undertaken by the Reserve Bank of India (RBI) for quicker cheque clearance
Cheque Truncation System (CTS) or Image-based Clearing System (ICS), in India, is a project of the Reserve Bank of India (RBI), commenced in 2010, for faster clearing of cheques.
CTS is based on a cheque truncation or online image-based cheque clearing system where cheque images and magnetic ink character recognition (MICR) data are captured at the collecting bank branch and transmitted electronically.
negotiation act 1881
The document discusses negotiable instruments under Indian law. It defines negotiable instruments as written and signed documents that entitle the holder to a specified sum of money and are freely transferable. The three main types of negotiable instruments are promissory notes, bills of exchange, and cheques. Promissory notes contain an unconditional promise to pay, bills of exchange contain an order to pay, and cheques are drawn on a bank and payable on demand. Key characteristics include being in writing, containing an unconditional obligation, and specifying a certain sum payable. Negotiable instruments can be transferred between parties either through negotiation (delivery or endorsement) or assignment.
Bill of exchange
Definition,:A bill of exchange is an order in writing ,directing a person to pay a sum of money, to a specified person.
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Acts, conclusion, parties involved, specimen examples, essential elements, Difference between promissory note and bills of exchange.
It must contain an express Order to pay money
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The document provides an overview of negotiable instruments under Indian law, including the Negotiable Instruments Act enacted in 1881. It defines key terms like negotiable, instrument, and discusses the essential features and types of negotiable instruments recognized in India. Specifically, it examines in detail the three main types of negotiable instruments - promissory notes, bills of exchange, and cheques - outlining their definitions, essential elements, parties involved, examples and classifications.
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NEGOTIABLE INSTRUMENTS
A cheque is an order by the customer of a bank directing his banker to pay on demand, the specified amount, to the order of person named therein or to the bearer
According to SEC. 6 of the Negotiable Instruments Act, 1881, the term cheque is defined as “a bill of exchange drawn on a specified banker and not expressed to be payable otherwise than on demand.”
A promissory note is a financial instrument that contains a written promise by one party to pay another party a definite sum of money, either on demand or at a specified future date
Sec. 4 of the Negotiable Instruments Act, “A promissory note is an instrument in writing containing an unconditional order, signed by the maker, to pay a certain sum of money only to or to the order of a certain person or to the bearer of the instrument.”
A bill of exchange is a written order binding one party to pay a fixed sum of money to another party on demand at some point in the future.
According to Sec.5 of the Negotiable Instruments Act, 1881, “A Bill of exchange is an instrument in writing containing an unconditional order, signed by the maker, directing a certain person to pay a certain sum of money only to, or to the order of, a certain person or to the bearer of the instrument.
the negotiable instruments act 1881
The document discusses key concepts around negotiable instruments under the Negotiable Instruments Act of 1881 in India. It defines negotiable instruments and outlines the main types recognized by law: bills of exchange, checks, and promissory notes. For each type, it describes the essential elements and parties involved, using examples. It also briefly discusses concepts like dishonor, notary public, noting, and protest related to negotiable instruments.
Bill of exchange
The document discusses bills of exchange and promissory notes under Indian law. It defines bills of exchange and promissory notes, lists their key features and parties involved. A bill of exchange contains an unconditional order to pay, while a promissory note contains an unconditional promise to pay. The document also provides sample formats and distinguishes between bills of exchange and promissory notes. It outlines the advantages of bills of exchange as a means for facilitating credit transactions.
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This document discusses negotiable instruments under Indian law. It defines negotiable instruments as documents that are freely transferable from one person to another. The three main types of negotiable instruments recognized under the Negotiable Instruments Act of 1881 are promissory notes, bills of exchange, and cheques. The document outlines the key parties, characteristics, and essential elements of each type of instrument. It also distinguishes between promissory notes and bills of exchange as well as bills of exchange and cheques.
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The word “ negotiable” means “transferable from one person to another”
A negotiable instrument is a signed document that promises a sum of payment to a specified person
Negotiable instruments are transferable in nature
Sec.13 of the Indian Negotiable Instrument Act, 1881 defines a negotiable instruments as “ a promissory note, bill of exchange or cheque payable either to order or to the bearer.”
Commercial banks also deal with these instruments. The bank collects these instruments for the customers to grant loans and advances against these instruments
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Cheque Truncation System (CTS) or Image-based Clearing System (ICS), in India, is a project of the Reserve Bank of India (RBI), commenced in 2010, for faster clearing of cheques.
CTS is based on a cheque truncation or online image-based cheque clearing system where cheque images and magnetic ink character recognition (MICR) data are captured at the collecting bank branch and transmitted electronically.
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The document discusses negotiable instruments under Indian law. It defines negotiable instruments as written and signed documents that entitle the holder to a specified sum of money and are freely transferable. The three main types of negotiable instruments are promissory notes, bills of exchange, and cheques. Promissory notes contain an unconditional promise to pay, bills of exchange contain an order to pay, and cheques are drawn on a bank and payable on demand. Key characteristics include being in writing, containing an unconditional obligation, and specifying a certain sum payable. Negotiable instruments can be transferred between parties either through negotiation (delivery or endorsement) or assignment.
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Definition,:A bill of exchange is an order in writing ,directing a person to pay a sum of money, to a specified person.
Negotiable Instruments Act, 1881
Acts, conclusion, parties involved, specimen examples, essential elements, Difference between promissory note and bills of exchange.
It must contain an express Order to pay money
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The document provides an overview of negotiable instruments under Indian law, including the Negotiable Instruments Act enacted in 1881. It defines key terms like negotiable, instrument, and discusses the essential features and types of negotiable instruments recognized in India. Specifically, it examines in detail the three main types of negotiable instruments - promissory notes, bills of exchange, and cheques - outlining their definitions, essential elements, parties involved, examples and classifications.
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The document discusses negotiable instruments under Indian law as defined in the Negotiable Instruments Act of 1881. It defines a negotiable instrument as a written document that creates a right in favor of someone and can be freely transferred. The key types of negotiable instruments recognized are promissory notes, bills of exchange, and cheques. A promissory note contains a written promise to pay a stated sum, a bill of exchange is an unconditional order to pay signed by the maker, and a cheque orders payment from a bank account. Negotiable instruments must meet characteristics like being freely transferable, unconditional, and not requiring notice of transfer.
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The document provides information on negotiable instruments under Indian law, specifically comparing bills of exchange and cheques. It defines bills of exchange and cheques, outlines the key parties involved for each (drawer, drawee, payee), and describes some of the distinguishing characteristics between the two types of negotiable instruments such as bills of exchange can be drawn on anyone while cheques must be drawn on a specified banker, and cheques are always payable on demand.
NEGOTIABLE INSTRUMENTS
A cheque is an order by the customer of a bank directing his banker to pay on demand, the specified amount, to the order of person named therein or to the bearer
According to SEC. 6 of the Negotiable Instruments Act, 1881, the term cheque is defined as “a bill of exchange drawn on a specified banker and not expressed to be payable otherwise than on demand.”
A promissory note is a financial instrument that contains a written promise by one party to pay another party a definite sum of money, either on demand or at a specified future date
Sec. 4 of the Negotiable Instruments Act, “A promissory note is an instrument in writing containing an unconditional order, signed by the maker, to pay a certain sum of money only to or to the order of a certain person or to the bearer of the instrument.”
A bill of exchange is a written order binding one party to pay a fixed sum of money to another party on demand at some point in the future.
According to Sec.5 of the Negotiable Instruments Act, 1881, “A Bill of exchange is an instrument in writing containing an unconditional order, signed by the maker, directing a certain person to pay a certain sum of money only to, or to the order of, a certain person or to the bearer of the instrument.
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◇在校期间，因各种原因未能顺利毕业……拿不到官方毕业证【q/微741003700】
◇面对父母的压力，希望尽快拿到；
◇不清楚认证流程以及材料该如何准备；
◇回国时间很长，忘记办理；
◇回国马上就要找工作，办给用人单位看；
◇企事业单位必须要求办理的
◇需要报考公务员、购买免税车、落转户口
◇申请留学生创业基金
留信网认证的作用:
1:该专业认证可证明留学生真实身份
2:同时对留学生所学专业登记给予评定
3:国家专业人才认证中心颁发入库证书
4:这个认证书并且可以归档倒地方
5:凡事获得留信网入网的信息将会逐步更新到个人身份内，将在公安局网内查询个人身份证信息后，同步读取人才网入库信息
6:个人职称评审加20分
7:个人信誉贷款加10分
8:在国家人才网主办的国家网络招聘大会中纳入资料，供国家高端企业选择人才
办理(leeds学位证书)英国利兹大学毕业证【微信：741003700 】外观非常简单，由纸质材料制成，上面印有校徽、校名、毕业生姓名、专业等信息。
办理(leeds学位证书)英国利兹大学毕业证【微信：741003700 】格式相对统一，各专业都有相应的模板。通常包括以下部分：
校徽：象征着学校的荣誉和传承。
校名:学校英文全称
授予学位：本部分将注明获得的具体学位名称。
毕业生姓名：这是最重要的信息之一，标志着该证书是由特定人员获得的。
颁发日期：这是毕业正式生效的时间，也代表着毕业生学业的结束。
其他信息：根据不同的专业和学位，可能会有一些特定的信息或章节。
办理(leeds学位证书)英国利兹大学毕业证【微信：741003700 】价值很高，需要妥善保管。一般来说，应放置在安全、干燥、防潮的地方，避免长时间暴露在阳光下。如需使用，最好使用复印件而不是原件，以免丢失。
综上所述，办理(leeds学位证书)英国利兹大学毕业证【微信：741003700 】是证明身份和学历的高价值文件。外观简单庄重，格式统一，包括重要的个人信息和发布日期。对持有人来说，妥善保管是非常重要的。
美洲杯投注-美洲杯投注买球官方官网-美洲杯投注比赛投注官网|【网址🎉ac10.net🎉】
【网址🎉ac10.net🎉】美洲杯投注是独立的博彩公司。该公司最初专门从事在线体育博彩，现在合并了在线娱乐场。该公司最初成立时以其前董事长Victor Chandler的名字命名，之后更名为美洲杯投注。美洲杯投注现由商人和赛马主，迈克尔·塔博尔拥有，运营总部设在直布罗陀。平台拥有体育博彩（沙巴）、真人娱乐场、电子游戏、金融投注等游戏项目，支持手机投注，优惠活动很丰富。
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欧洲杯投注-欧洲杯投注买球-欧洲杯投注买球网|【网址🎉ac22.net🎉】
【网址🎉ac22.net🎉】欧洲杯投注 Sports 与其他博彩公司相比，其独特之处在于欧洲杯投注 Sports 基于低利润和高营业额的独一无二的体育博彩模式，该模式可以为玩家开出最高的赔率。欧洲杯投注的优势在于中文界面友好，接受人民币投注。他们的开户奖金和实时体育投注界面是大陆玩家的首选。
欧洲杯足彩-欧洲杯足彩押注-欧洲杯足彩押注官网|【网址🎉ac99.net🎉】
【网址🎉ac99.net🎉】欧洲杯足彩是一家创立于1998年的在线的体育博彩公司。欧洲杯足彩由库拉索岛政府授权，可以从事体育博彩相关活动。成立初期，欧洲杯足彩专注于快速发展的国内市场，现在它为全世界的玩家和职业玩家提供投注服务。毫无疑问，欧洲杯足彩是欧洲乃至全球最受欢迎的知名在线体育博彩公司。玩家的积极反馈、存款和提款的安全性都充分证明了该公司的可靠性。欧洲杯足彩 Sports公司 以其良好的服务而得到了客户的认可。该公司在2004年获得了最高水平服务奖、2006年最佳博彩公司奖（EOG.com）、最佳博彩运营商前5名（The Online Wire）和著名门户网站“Gambling”颁发的最佳优惠和奖金奖项，这是对这家博彩公司的最为中肯的评价。
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In World Expo 2010 Shanghai – the most visited Expo in the World History
https://www.britannica.com/event/Expo-Shanghai-2010
China’s official organizer of the Expo, CCPIT (China Council for the Promotion of International Trade https://en.ccpit.org/) has chosen Dr. Alyce Su as the Cover Person with Cover Story, in the Expo’s official magazine distributed throughout the Expo, showcasing China’s New Generation of Leaders to the World.
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- 1. BILLS OF EXCHANGE SUBMITTED TO - Dr. Shikha Gupta, Faculty, MERI SUBMITTED BY – Tanvi Naryal, BBA, sem.3, sec.B,04615101721
- 2. BILLS OF EXCHANGE As per the Indian negotiable instruments act, 1881. A “bill of exchange” is an instrument in writing containing an unconditional order, signed by the maker, directing a certain person to pay a certain sum of money only to, or to the order of, a certain person or to the bearer of the instrument
- 3. CHARACTERISTICS OF BILL OF EXCHANGE • It must be a written document. • It must name all relevant parties. • It must be addressed from one party to another. • It must bear the signature of the party giving it. • It must outline the time when the money is due. • It must outline the amount of money that must be paid.
- 4. PARTIES TO A BILL OF EXCHANGE In any bill of exchange, a maximum of three parties can participate. They are: • Drawer: It is the party who sells the goods, issues the bill of exchange, and is yet to receive the money from the debtor. • Drawee: It is the party who purchases the goods on credit and to whom the bill of exchange is issued. Basically, drawee is the debtor and the drawer is the creditor. • Payee: It is the party that finally receives the payment on the due date. If there is no transfer of the bill of exchange, then the drawer and the payee is the same.
- 5. PARTS OF A BILL OF EXCHANGE • AMOUNT • DATE • PERIOD • SIGNATURE • STAMP
- 6. TYPES OF BILLS OF EXCHANGE There are mainly two types of Bills of Exchange: • Bills of Exchange Payable at Sight – They are payable on demand. When the Bill is given to the drawee, he or she must pay the amount. • Bills of Exchange After a Certain Period– This is also called term draft and becomes payable after a certain time period.
- 7. THANK YOU