The Bill of Rights

What is the Constitution?
What are amendments?
What are the Bill of Rights?

name:
date:
Senior Social Science: The Bill of Rights
1. The Constitution is rules for ____________________________.
2. Amendments are ____________ laws added to the Constitution.
3. The _______________ __________ ___________________ are called the Bill of Rights.
4. ____________ ______________ refused to sign the Constitution because it had no Bill of Rights.
5. George Mason influenced these leaders:_______________ ____________ and _________ _________.
6. The First Amendment gives people five rights: freedom of __________, freedom of _______________,
freedom of the ________, freedom of ___________ and freedom to _______________ the government.
7. Tinker v. Des Moines was about kids wanting _________________________________ in school.
8. Abington v. Schempp was about kids wanting _________________________________ in school.
9. Thomas Jefferson said newspapers were ___________________ to keep government fair.
10. The Second Amendment is about using ______________________.
11. The Third Amendment blocks the military from using people's ________________.
12. The Fourth, Fifth, Sixth, Seventh & Eighth Amendments protect the rights of people in _____________.
13. The Fourth Amendment protects us from____________________________.
14. Police must have _______________________ before they search your things.
15. T.L.O. v. New Jersey was about school staff having permission to_______________ students in school.
16. The Eight Amendment is about fair___________________________.
17. The Ninth Amendment says we have many ______________________.
18. The Tenth Amendment says_______________ make their own laws about topics not in the Constitution.
19. The __________________________________decides what the Constitution means.
20. The Supreme Court decides which is more important --_____________’s rights or ___________’s rights.

The Bill of Rights
are the First Ten Amendments to
the United States Constitution

http://research.history.org/pf/images/people/georgeMason.jpg
I refuse to sign the Constitution!
Who was this delegate
to the Constitutional Convention?
Why did he refuse to sign the Constitution?

Meet George Mason.
Delegate to the Constitutional Convention
Writer of the 1776 Virginia Declaration of Rights
Leader of Virginia Colony

The Constitution had no Bill of Rights!!Why did I refuse to sign the Constitution?

The Constitution had no Bill of Rights!!

In June 1776, George Mason wrote the Declaration of Rights.
This document influenced Thomas Jefferson.

Jefferson agreed that the Constitution should have a Bill of Rights.

James Madison also thought the Constitution should have a Bill of Rights.

In June 1776, George Mason wrote the Declaration of Rights.
George Mason’s ideas influenced James Madison, too.

Madison wrote the first ten
amendments to the Constitution.
Congress ratified the amendments in
1791.
Today, we call the ten amendments the
Bill of Rights.
Later, Madison became the 4th US
President.

a The First Amendment
The First Amendment promises freedom of speech,
religion,
press,
assembly,
and freedom to petition the government.

The First Amendment lists five rights:
• Freedom of speech.
• Freedom of religion.
• Freedom of the press.
• Freedom of assembly.
• Right to petition the government.
1st Amendment

1st Amendment
TO THE MAYOR OF PHILADELPHIA

• Freedom to petition the government.
1st Amendment
TO THE MAYOR OF PHILADELPHIA

“Congress shall make no laws . . . abridging the freedom of speech.”
1st Amendment: Freedom of speech.

…say any political opinion.
...protest (politely).
…say true things about someone.
Free speech means people might say things you don’t like.
People may…

People may not…
…say they will blow up airplanes, schools or hurt leaders.
…sexually harass people.
…use disrespectful language in school.
…perform hate crimes.

Case Study #1 on the First Amendment –Freedom of Speech:

Who: Mary Beth Tinker, 13, and her brother John, 15.
What: wore black armbands to school.
Where: Des Moines, Iowa.
When: 1965.
Why: to show sadness for people killed in the Vietnam War and support for peace.
What happened: All school principals in Des Moines agreed:
no black armbands in school.
Tinker v. Des Moines

What happened: All school principals in Des Moines agreed:
no black armbands in school.

Not fair!
What happened to freedom of speech?

Mary Beth Tinker and her mother at a
Des Moines, Iowa, school board meeting in 1965

Mary Beth Tinker and her mother at a
Des Moines, Iowa, school board meeting in 1965
My daughter is right!

The Supreme Court: The Court heard the story in 1968.
The Court decided Mary Beth Tinker had the right to wear the
armband because of Freedom of Speech

The Supreme Court: The Court heard the story in 1968..

“Congress shall make no law respecting an establishment of
religion or prohibiting the free exercise thereof.”
Two parts:
• Establishment
• Free Exercise
1st Amendment: Freedom of religion.

Government cannot establish religion.

King James, government leader of England,
1620.

1620.
King James established the Church of England.

Church of England only!
Other churches not permitted
1620.

1620.
King James established the Church of England

King James Bible, printed
in the time of King James
1620.
King James established the Church of England

the Pilgrims, 1620.
1620.

the Pilgrims, 1620.
1620.
What happened if you followed a different church?

The Pilgrims came to America for religious freedom.

The Pilgrims from the Thanksgiving story came to America for religious freedom.

The government pays for public schools, so schools are part of the government.

Public schools may...
…teach about different religions.
…allow voluntary prayer.
…read Bible to study culture.
Public schools may not...
…order students to pray.
…pay religion teachers.
The government pays for public schools, so schools are part of the government.

Free Exercise Clause
Citizens may… Citizens may not...
• choose their religion.
• lead prayers.
• ask questions about religions.
• pray how they want.
• …break the law for religious reasons.
• …raise children without education.
• ...refuse medicine for children for religious
ideas.

Establishment clause. Free exercise clause.
Conflicts happen.
Religion is a common problem in schools.
Example: A student raises his hand and asks, “Teacher, may we say a prayer before this test?”
Yes No
If the teacher says
…it seems that the school
prohibits free exercise
of religion.
If the teacher says
…it seems that the
school establishes
religion.

Case Study #2 on the First Amendment –Freedom of Religion:
Abington v. Schempp

Abington v. Schempp
Who: Ellery Schempp, 16.
What: wanted teachers to stop asking students to read the Bible.
Where: Abington, PA. (near Northeast Philadelphia)
When: 1956.
Why: because reading only the Bible broke his religious beliefs
What happened: Ellery read a Quran in school. He was sent to the principal’s
office. Later, the principal wrote negative letters to colleges Ellery applied to.

When: 1956.
Abington v. Schempp

When: 1956.
I wrote a letter to lawyers.
We went to court.
Abington v. Schempp

Abington v. Schempp

The Court decided public school were not permitted to make
students read the bible because of Freedom of Religion.
Abington v. Schempp

The Court decided reading the Bible in public schools was not
permitted because of Freedom of Religion.
Abington v. Schempp

Congress shall make no law . . . abridging
. . . the freedom of the press.”
1st Amendment: Freedom of the press.

The press may…
• …print any political opinion.
• …make fun of people, especially politicians
• …tell if the government broke rules.
• …say things you might not agree with.
The press may not…
• … lie about people.
• …tell military secrets.
• …explain how to make weapons.

Thomas Jefferson said newspapers are important!
…should we have
a government without newspapers?
or
newspapers without a government?
I prefer the latter…
--Thomas Jefferson to Edward Carrington, 1787.

As long as the presses can be
protected, we may trust to them
for light.
--Thomas Jefferson to Archibald Stuart, 1799.

As long as the presses can be
protected, we may trust to them
for light.
--Thomas Jefferson to Archibald Stuart, 1799.
Freedom of the Press

Congress shall make no law . . . abridging . . . the right of
the people to peaceably assemble”
1st Amendment: Freedom to assemble peacefully.

Citizens may…
…protest.
…parade (with a permit).
…parade chanting hate slogans.
…meet in public wearing gang colors.
Citizens may not…
…protest by throwing rocks and breaking windows
…hang out on private land against owners wishes. (loitering).
…stay out late at night. (Teens must obey curfews.)
1st Amendment: Freedom to assemble peacefully.

1st Amendment: Freedom to petition the government

• You can tell leaders they are wrong.
• You cannot be punished for saying the government made mistakes.
• Courts decide if people break laws.

Women said the government was wrong not permitting women to vote.

• Courts decide if people break laws.
Dr. Martin Luther King said the government was wrong not permitting integration of white and
black people.

a The Second Amendment
The Second Amendment protects the right to own guns.

“A well-regulated militia,
being necessary to the security of a free state,
the right of the people to bear arms
shall not be infringed.”
2nd Amendment: right to have guns.
The Minute Man statue near Boston.

“A well-regulated militia,
being necessary to the security of a free state,
the right of the people to bear arms
shall not be infringed.”
The Minute Man statue near Boston.
Boston farmers were ready ‘in a minute’ to fight the
British army in the earliest Revolutionary War battles.

• What did this mean in 1790?
• What does this mean now?

Americans debate this right:
• Thousands of people die
every year because of guns.
• Thousands of crimes are
stopped because of guns.

Americans debate this right:
• Thousands of people die
every year because of guns.
• Thousands of crimes are
stopped because of guns.
Shoes representing gun deaths.
2nd Amendment protects our right to bear arms.

What is the conflict about the right to bear arms?
• Can government keep guns from bad people?
• If government controls guns, will that hurt good people?

http://www.art.com/asp/View_HighZoomResPop.asp?apn=10085094&imgloc=12
-1288-Z000ODUR.jpg&imgwidth=622&imgheight=964

a The Third Amendment
The Third Amendment promises the army cannot force people
to let soldiers sleep in their homes and eat their food.

3rd Amendment protects our homes from soldiers.

a The Fourth
Fifth
Sixth Amendments
Seventh
Eighth

a The Fourth
Fifth
Sixth Amendments
Seventh
Eighth
protect people in court.

a The Fourth Amendment
Government needs good reason before taking people’s things.

http://www.zerohedge.com/sites/default/files/images/user5/imageroot/2014/02/Cop%20entry.jpg
4th Amendment: protection from police search.

http://criminaldefendant.com/can-a-police-officer-search-my-car-during-a-traffic-stop-in-south-florida/

http://www.mprnews.org/story/2008/08/30/more_raids

http://www.mastersoftrivia.com/blog/wp-content/uploads/2011/06/27-search-warrant.jpg

http://www.mastersoftrivia.com/blog/wp-content/uploads/2011/06/27-search-warrant.jpg
Police must have a warrant
before they search your
house or car.

Police must have a warrant
before they search your
house or car.

Police need a reason before
they get a warrant.

http://www.campussafetymagazine.com/article/How-to-Conduct-Canine-Assisted-Narcotics-Sweeps-of-K-12-Schools#

http://www.campussafetymagazine.com/article/How-to-Conduct-Canine-Assisted-Narcotics-Sweeps-of-K-12-Schools#
The principal better stay out of
my locker!

Case Study #3 on the Fourth Amendment –Freedom from police search:
T.L.O. v. New Jersey

Who: T.L.O., a 9th-grade girl.
What: went to the principal because of smoking in the bathroom.
Where: in a New Jersey high school.
When: 1980.
What happened: The principal opened the girl’s purse. He found marijuana and a
paper with names of people who owed her money for marijuana. The principal
called the girl’s parents and the police.
What happened next: The parents complained: the principal broke her Fourth
Amendment privacy rights.

The Supreme Court:: The Court heard the story in 1968.

The Court decided the principal had the right to search
students because he had a reason.

http://www.slate.com/id/2143983/
Police watch people...
....and the Supreme Court watches the
police.

....and the Supreme Court watches the police.

....and the Supreme Court judges watch the
police.

a The Fifth Amendment
The Fifth Amendment says police may not force you to say
“I’m guilty.”

5th Amendment: rights in court.
• You can’t be sent to court twice for the same reason (“Double Jeopardy”).
• You do not have to testify against your self. (“I plead the fifth.”)
• You must have due process of law before you are convicted.

http://marketplace.veer.com/images/DVP1211090_

"I plead the Fifth ...
• You must have due process of law before the jury says you are guilty.

• You must have due process of law before a jury says you are guilty.

Courts must follow a process.
Due Process

Courts must follow a process.
Due Process
Due process: fair, but very
slow.

• You cannot be tried for the same crime twice ( “Double Jeopardy”).
• If the government needs your land, it must pay you fairly.

a The Sixth Amendment
The Sixth Amendment gives rights to people in court.

You must be told why you are in court.
You have the right to a speedy trial.
If you are broke, the court must give you a lawyer.
A jury can hear your story.

A jury can decide if you are guilty or innocent..

A jury can decide if you are guilty or innocent.

A jury can decide if you are guilty or innocent.
He is innocent, your honor.

a The Seventh Amendment
The Seventh Amendment gives the right for a jury to hear your
story in court.

A jury can hear your story when you have a problem (not
breaking the law).
6th Amendment: right to have a jury.

A jury can hear your story when you have a problem (not
breaking the law).
The driver must pay for a new tree.
6th Amendment: right to have a jury.

a The Eighth Amendment
The Eighth Amendment promises fines won’t be impossibly
large and punishments will not be cruel

No excessive bail
No cruel punishment.
If you show up at court, you get the money back.
If you run away, the court holds the money. (…and you
get a more serious punishment.)
8th Amendment: limits punishment

No excessive bail
bail = money you pay to stay out of jail.
If you show up at court, you get the money back.
If you run away, the court holds the money. (…and you
get a more serious punishment.)

http://www.gimmejustice.com/8th-amen.php
Bail money

http://www.wpclipart.com/world_history/punishment/pillory_stocks.png
No cruel and
unusual punishment

http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:Marco_palmezzano,_crocifissione_degli_Uffizi.jpg

http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:Wickiana5.jpg

http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/b/b5/Bhai_Dayala_Ji_being_boiled_alive_by_the_Muslim_Moguls_1675_A.D.jpg

Cruel and unusual punishment? A shoplifter forced to wear ‘I am a thief’ sign.
8th Amendment: limits on punishment
.
http://www.dailymail.co.uk/news/article-453210/Judge-orders-shoplifters-wear-Im-thief-signs.html#ixzz1DTOqsyrf

Is the death penalty cruel
and unusual punishment?
http://greatdebate2008.wikispaces.com/Death+Penalty
Yes! No!
Like gun rights, many Americans argue about the death penalty.
8th Amendment: limits on punishment

a The Ninth Amendment
The Ninth Amendment promises many rights even if they are in
the Constitution.

Leaders did not write every right in the Constitution, but we still have those rights.
The government cannot take away our rights.
We have many human rights.
There are too many to write each one.
9th Amendment: we have rights not in the Constitution.

a The Tenth Amendment
The Tenth Amendment permits states to make up laws about
anything that is *not* in the Constitution.

CjTsryAI
LO Z
Marriage age?
Driving license age?
State taxes?
Medical marijuana?
10th Amendment: states’ rights.

CjTsryAI
LO Z
Marriage age?
Driving license age?
State taxes?
Medical marijuana?
10th Amendment: states’ rights.
If it is not in the Constitution, states make their own decisions.

Who decides what the Bill of Rights mean?
Who is important? Individuals or Society?

Individual Rights...
or Society’s Rights?
Which is most important?
Who decides what the Bill of Rights mean?
Who is important? Individuals or Society?

Society
The Supreme Court decides what each right means.
The Supreme Court must balance the rights of the individual
with the needs of society.

Society
The Supreme Court decides what each right means.
The Supreme Court must balance
the rights of the individual with the needs of society.

name:
date:
1. The Constitution is rules for government.
2. Amendments are______________ laws added to the Constitution.

name:
date:
4. George Mason refused to sign the Constitution because it had no Bill of Rights.

name:
date:
5. George Mason influenced these leaders: Thomas Jefferson and James Madison.

name:
date:
6. The First Amendment gives people five rights: freedom of speech, freedom of religion,
freedom of the press, freedom of assembly and freedom to petition the government.

name:
date:
7. Tinker v. Des Moines was about kids wanting freedom of speech in school.

name:
date:
8. Abington v. Schempp was about kids wanting freedom of religion in school.

name:
date:
9. Thomas Jefferson said newspapers were important to keep government fair.

name:
date:
11. The Third Amendment blocks the military from using people's homes.

name:
date:
12. The Fourth, Fifth, Sixth, Seventh & Eighth Amendments protect the rights of people in court.

name:
date:
15. T.L.O. v. New Jersey was about school staff having permission to search students in school.

name:
date:
18. The Tenth Amendment says states make their own laws about topics not in the Constitution.

name:
date:
19. The Supreme Court decides what the Constitution means.
20. The Supreme Court decides which is more important -- individual’s rights or society’s rights.

The Bill of Rights

Recommended

Recommended

More Related Content

What's hot

What's hot (20)

Similar to The Bill of Rights

Similar to The Bill of Rights (13)

More from Amy LC

More from Amy LC (20)

Recently uploaded

Recently uploaded (20)

The Bill of Rights