Bible and Culture 2014: Hosea - Day 1: introduction
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The slides from day 1 of my teaching at Bible and Culture (bibleandculture.org) 2014. This is an introduction to Hosea, establishing something of the historical and biblical context.
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Bible and Culture 2014: Hosea - Day 1: introduction
- 1. HOSEA
- 2. ‘‘In literary terms this book is among the most poetic of the prophetic collections in the OT, particularly in the allusive character of individual units of speech and a propensity for metaphor and simile. It is therefore one of the most difficult to interpret. . . . J. Andrew Dearman The Book of Hosea (NICOT)
- 3. ‘‘With the possible exception of Job, the book of Hosea has the dubious distinction of having the most obscure passages in the entire Hebrew Bible. C.L. Seow Book of Hosea (Anchor Bible Dictionary)
- 4. ? What kinds of things do we need to know if we are to correctly handle any passage of Scripture?
- 6. Context
- 7. ? What kind of context do we need to know about? How does understanding the context help us?
- 9. OldTestament Pentateuch History books Wisdom Lit. Prophets Genesis, Exodus, Leviticus, Numbers, Deuteronomy Joshua, Judges, Ruth, 1–2 Samuel 1–2 Kings, 1–2 Chronicles, Ezra, Nehemiah, Esther Job, Psalms, Proverbs, Ecclesiastes, Song of Solomon Isaiah, Jeremiah, Lamentations, Ezekiel, Daniel, Minor Prophets
- 10. NewTestament Revelation History Timeless present Anticipation Matthew Mark, Luke, John Acts Romans – Jude Revelations
- 11. Old Testament New Testament Christian Jewish Tanak
- 13. Nevi’im Tanak Ketuvim Law/Instruction Genesis, Exodus, Leviticus, Numbers, Deuteronomy Joshua, Judges, Samuel, Kings Psalms, Job, Proverbs, Ruth, Song of Solomon, Ecclesiastes, Lamentations, Esther, Daniel, Ezra–Nehemiah, Chronicles Isaiah, Jeremiah, Ezekiel, Book of the TwelveLatter Prophets Writings Former Prophets
- 15. Genre
- 16. ? How do you feel about the Old Testament prophets? What do you like about them? What puts you off? What is the most significant passage in the prophets for you, and why?
- 17. They have a queer way of talking, like people who, instead of proceeding in an orderly manner, ramble off from one thing to the next so that you cannot make heads or tails of them or see what they are getting at. Martin Luther
- 18. ? What aspects of the Old Testament prophets makes them difficult to understand?
- 21. ? Why do we have these books? What is their special contribution to the Bible?
- 22. ‘‘Whether he is discussing the past, present or future, the prophet is seeking to make God the most genuine reality that men can know and experience. A.B. Mickelson ‘Interpreting the Bible’, p. 287
- 24. foretelling
- 25. forthtelling
- 26. ‘‘Prophecy is essentially a ministry of disclosure, a stripping bare. Israel’s great prophets do not merely lift the veil of the future in order to destroy false expectations; at the same time, they expose the conduct of their contemporaries. . . . Prophets tear the masks away and show the true face of the people behind them. Hans Walter Wolff Confrontations
- 27. The Word of YHWH
- 31. Highlighting Israel’s sin Announcing judgement Declaring YHWH’s love Announcing blessing
- 32. ‘‘The ‘prophet in scripture takes on the role of gracious mediator. He stands between God and the people to deliver the word of the Lord. . . . The person of the prophet substitutes for the presence of Almighty God himself.’ O.P. Robertson, The Christ of the Prophets, p. 10
- 34. Structure
- 35. A. 1:1 – 3:5 B. 4:1 – 14:9 Hosea’s family Everything else
- 36. ‘‘The division of chapters 4–14 into separate oracles is not so clear . . . Typical beginning and ending prophetic formulae, ‘Thus says the Lord’ and ‘oracle of Yahweh’, are often missing . . .
- 37. ‘‘. . . and the oracles alternate constantly between the first person speech of Yahweh and the third person speech of the prophet, sometimes even within the same oracle. Nor is there an overarching structure or progression of thought in the section. Elizabeth Achtemeier Minor Prophets I (NIBC)
- 38. A. 1:1 – 3:5 ~ A wayward wife 1. 1:1–11 Hosea’s wife (prophetic action) 2. 2:1–23 Punishment and restoration 3. 3:1–5 Hosea’s wife (prophetic action)
- 39. A2. 2:1–23 Punishment/restoration a 2:1–4 YHWH’s 1st punishment b 2:5–6 YHWH’s 2nd punishment c 2:7–13 YHWH’s 3rd punishment d 2:14–15 YHWH will woo Israel c’ 2:16–17 Response to 3rd punish. b’ 2:18–20 Response to 2nd punishment a’ 2:21–23 Response to 1st punishment