Humanitarian aid has long been dominated by a classical paradigm based on ethics around humanitarian principles, centred on international humanitarian UN agencies and NGOs. In recent years this has been paralleled by a resilience paradigm, focused more on local people and institutions as the first responders to crisis. Whereas classical humanitarianism is rooted in the notion of exceptionalism, resilience humanitarianism starts from the idea of crisis as the new normality.
In this Sussex Development Lecture Thea Hilhorst discusses these paradigms and the different images they evoke about crises, local institutions and the recipients of aid.
Thea Hilhorst, Professor of Humanitarian Aid and Reconstruction, Institute of Socail, Erasmus University
Meditations on the 100th anniversary of the Halifax, Nova Scotia, ship explosion, which gave rise to the first concerted social study of disaster and started a century of academic work in this field. Where do we 'disasterologists' come from and where are we going in the next century of our work?
This presentation gives an basic introduction to Disaster Resistant Sustainable Livelihoods(DRSL) framework adopted by Practical Action for sustainable livelihood development.
Humanitarian imperative - Murtala Muhammed FoundationMMFNG
Humanitarian Imperative! By Gbenro Olajuyigbe Head, Human Security, ActionAid Nigeria
(A paper presented at MusaYar’adua Centre, Abuja at a Programme on Sustainable Humanitarian Response Mechanism for Nigeria, organized by MurtalaMuhammed Foundation on December 2, 2014).
The current challenges of humanitarian crises in Nigeria have thrown up new images of leadership, technical, capacity, policy deficiencies. The need to reconstruct effective and appropriate proactive response mechanism is imperative
Meditations on the 100th anniversary of the Halifax, Nova Scotia, ship explosion, which gave rise to the first concerted social study of disaster and started a century of academic work in this field. Where do we 'disasterologists' come from and where are we going in the next century of our work?
This presentation gives an basic introduction to Disaster Resistant Sustainable Livelihoods(DRSL) framework adopted by Practical Action for sustainable livelihood development.
Humanitarian imperative - Murtala Muhammed FoundationMMFNG
Humanitarian Imperative! By Gbenro Olajuyigbe Head, Human Security, ActionAid Nigeria
(A paper presented at MusaYar’adua Centre, Abuja at a Programme on Sustainable Humanitarian Response Mechanism for Nigeria, organized by MurtalaMuhammed Foundation on December 2, 2014).
The current challenges of humanitarian crises in Nigeria have thrown up new images of leadership, technical, capacity, policy deficiencies. The need to reconstruct effective and appropriate proactive response mechanism is imperative
This small presentation tried to link DRR and livelihood security in changed climate. Data used in the presentation taken from various sources (given in short notes). If I have missed any source, please remind me.
Social Resilience and Natural Resource Dependent Societies -Kenya-Dr. Asenath Maobe
This lecture was presented to Master of Science Students at the University of Nairobi, in January 2021 at the invitation of Prof. Joanes Atela a seasoned climate change expert and a convener of Africa Research and Impact Network (ARIN).
The lecture highlights the praxis between social resilience and natural resource dependent societies, a Kenyan context. Enjoy!
STWR recently took part in an event called Reclaiming the Alternative held in Brighton, East Sussex, UK (#ReclaimBrighton). The free event was based on the ethic of the gift and sharing, with various presentations given about grassroots alternatives to the unsustainable business-as-usual economy. STWR was invited to give a perspective on the transformative potential of the sharing economy, in which we introduced our essential argument: that the sharing economy indeed has the potential to transform society, but only if it is part of a massive, global and explicitly political movement aiming towards real justice, sustainability and democracy. - See more at: http://www.sharing.org/information-centre/blogs/reclaiming-alternative-transformative-potential-sharing-economy
A NGO is an organization independent of the government whose primary mission is not commercial, but focuses on social, cultural, environmental, educational, and other types of issues.”
Role
IFRC
Benefits
Types
This small presentation tried to link DRR and livelihood security in changed climate. Data used in the presentation taken from various sources (given in short notes). If I have missed any source, please remind me.
Social Resilience and Natural Resource Dependent Societies -Kenya-Dr. Asenath Maobe
This lecture was presented to Master of Science Students at the University of Nairobi, in January 2021 at the invitation of Prof. Joanes Atela a seasoned climate change expert and a convener of Africa Research and Impact Network (ARIN).
The lecture highlights the praxis between social resilience and natural resource dependent societies, a Kenyan context. Enjoy!
STWR recently took part in an event called Reclaiming the Alternative held in Brighton, East Sussex, UK (#ReclaimBrighton). The free event was based on the ethic of the gift and sharing, with various presentations given about grassroots alternatives to the unsustainable business-as-usual economy. STWR was invited to give a perspective on the transformative potential of the sharing economy, in which we introduced our essential argument: that the sharing economy indeed has the potential to transform society, but only if it is part of a massive, global and explicitly political movement aiming towards real justice, sustainability and democracy. - See more at: http://www.sharing.org/information-centre/blogs/reclaiming-alternative-transformative-potential-sharing-economy
A NGO is an organization independent of the government whose primary mission is not commercial, but focuses on social, cultural, environmental, educational, and other types of issues.”
Role
IFRC
Benefits
Types
The English school of International Relations ibrahimkoncak
This presentation is about the English School of International Relations Theory, presented in class as lecture to the BA students of International Relations.
Movements are typically sustained by those most affected by the action of the movement. Organizers have a vested interest in the purpose and outcome of the movement and find it practical to ensure its survival. There are different forms of local or internal self-organized action, including civil resistance, and different forms of external assistance to local actors. What can be learned from assistance to community banking and financial self-help projects in development assistance?
In 2015, the world pledged to ‘leave no one behind’ as part of the 2030 Agenda for
Sustainable Development. But millions of people are left behind in humanitarian crises.
Precise figures remain elusive (given measuring need is an inexact art), but the UN Office
for the Coordination of Humanitarian Affairs’ Global Humanitarian Overview (OCHA,
2018a) estimates that some 134 million people will require humanitarian assistance worldwide
in 2018. It further estimates that approximately 97 million people would be selected
for international assistance under the joint humanitarian response plans, leaving a 27% gap
which would only be partially met by domestic authorities or other organizations including
the International Red Cross and Red Crescent Movement1
. In a number of the major
operations of 2017, fewer than half of the people estimated to be in need were actually
known to be reached by internationally supported humanitarian assistance.
Seventh generation warfare humanitarian terrorismekossof f
Humanitarian Action has become an instrument of power and domination. Disastars, where Nature fails to create them, stronger nations make an effort to create them, for Foreign policy and geopolitical advantages.
AHMR is an interdisciplinary peer-reviewed on-line journal created to encourage and facilitate the study of all aspects (socioeconomic, political, legislative and developmental) of Human Mobility in Africa. Through the publication of original research, policy discussions and evidence research papers, AHMR provides a comprehensive forum devoted exclusively to the analysis of contemporaneous trends, migration patterns and some of the most important migration-related issues.
Presentation by Jared Jageler, David Adler, Noelia Duchovny, and Evan Herrnstadt, analysts in CBO’s Microeconomic Studies and Health Analysis Divisions, at the Association of Environmental and Resource Economists Summer Conference.
Many ways to support street children.pptxSERUDS INDIA
By raising awareness, providing support, advocating for change, and offering assistance to children in need, individuals can play a crucial role in improving the lives of street children and helping them realize their full potential
Donate Us
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#donatefororphan, #donateforhomelesschildren, #childeducation, #ngochildeducation, #donateforeducation, #donationforchildeducation, #sponsorforpoorchild, #sponsororphanage #sponsororphanchild, #donation, #education, #charity, #educationforchild, #seruds, #kurnool, #joyhome
Understanding the Challenges of Street ChildrenSERUDS INDIA
By raising awareness, providing support, advocating for change, and offering assistance to children in need, individuals can play a crucial role in improving the lives of street children and helping them realize their full potential
Donate Us
https://serudsindia.org/how-individuals-can-support-street-children-in-india/
#donatefororphan, #donateforhomelesschildren, #childeducation, #ngochildeducation, #donateforeducation, #donationforchildeducation, #sponsorforpoorchild, #sponsororphanage #sponsororphanchild, #donation, #education, #charity, #educationforchild, #seruds, #kurnool, #joyhome
Jennifer Schaus and Associates hosts a complimentary webinar series on The FAR in 2024. Join the webinars on Wednesdays and Fridays at noon, eastern.
Recordings are on YouTube and the company website.
https://www.youtube.com/@jenniferschaus/videos
This session provides a comprehensive overview of the latest updates to the Uniform Administrative Requirements, Cost Principles, and Audit Requirements for Federal Awards (commonly known as the Uniform Guidance) outlined in the 2 CFR 200.
With a focus on the 2024 revisions issued by the Office of Management and Budget (OMB), participants will gain insight into the key changes affecting federal grant recipients. The session will delve into critical regulatory updates, providing attendees with the knowledge and tools necessary to navigate and comply with the evolving landscape of federal grant management.
Learning Objectives:
- Understand the rationale behind the 2024 updates to the Uniform Guidance outlined in 2 CFR 200, and their implications for federal grant recipients.
- Identify the key changes and revisions introduced by the Office of Management and Budget (OMB) in the 2024 edition of 2 CFR 200.
- Gain proficiency in applying the updated regulations to ensure compliance with federal grant requirements and avoid potential audit findings.
- Develop strategies for effectively implementing the new guidelines within the grant management processes of their respective organizations, fostering efficiency and accountability in federal grant administration.
A process server is a authorized person for delivering legal documents, such as summons, complaints, subpoenas, and other court papers, to peoples involved in legal proceedings.
Jennifer Schaus and Associates hosts a complimentary webinar series on The FAR in 2024. Join the webinars on Wednesdays and Fridays at noon, eastern.
Recordings are on YouTube and the company website.
https://www.youtube.com/@jenniferschaus/videos
2. A tale of two pities and the anthropological gaze
• The classical aid paradigm
• The shift to resilience
• Revisiting the paradigms with an anthropological
reality check
3. Classic humanitarian aid paradigm
• Grounded in exceptionalism
• Centred on international aid machinery
• Rooted in principles
4. Exceptionalism
• A strict separation between crisis and normality is
deeply engrained in legal and cultural norms
worldwide.
• Humanitarian aid temporary stop-gap for needs
triggered by a specific crisis (Calhoun 2010).
• Exceptionalism as the major organising principle
of classic humanitarianism: backbone of many of
the properties of aid including its short-cycle
funding modalities and expensive operating
procedures.
• Determines representation of self: aid agency as
isolated from society, lonely cowboy
5. Humanitarian system
UN ICRC/ IFRC INGOs
OCHA IASC SCHR
UNDP OXFAM
WFP WorldVision
UNHCR Caritas
IOM Act
UNICEF Save the Children
FAO Lutheran World
Federation
• Local actors: not in the organogram – or a small box at the bottom
• Quality agencies to oil the machinery: ALNAP, Core Humanitarian
Standard, Sphere standard etc.etc.
6. Humanitarian principles
Humanity: The desire to prevent and alleviate
human suffering wherever it may be found… to
protect life and health and to ensure respect for
the human being.
Impartiality: Provision of humanitarian
assistance must be impartial and not based on
nationality, race, religion, or political point of
view. It must be based on need alone
Neutrality: Not to take sides in hostilities or
engage at any time in controversies of a political,
racial, religious or ideological nature
Independence: Humanitarian agencies must
formulate and implement their own policies
independently of government policies or actions.
7. Small selection of issues, among many more
• Donor dependency high: who pays the piper calls the
tune:
Most agencies more than 50% and upto 100%
dependent on donors
• Geo-political interest partly determine aid flows (security,
migration)
• International military interventions (Afghanistan, Iraq,
Lybia etc.)
• Rebel/ authority diversion of aid
• Recipient manipulation of aid
• Self-interest by humanitarian agencies, competition
8. Critiques since the 1990s
• Lack of accountability
• Dysfunctional procedures
• Undignified response
• Lack of linkages to development
Listening project; LRRD; Standards
Recurrent but within the classical
paradigm.
9. Shift to resilience humanitarianism
Starting with socio-natural disasters
(Hyogo Framework for Action 2004)
Now spilling over to refugee care and other
domains of humanitarian aid:
• World Humanitarian Summit of 2016: bridge humanitarian action to development and
to peacebuilding and the resolution of crisis (Ban Ki-moon 2016).
• World Bank: refugee care is a development issue (Betts and Collier)
10. Resilience: breaking through exceptionalism!
Resilience paradigm: people, communities and
societies (can) have the capacities to adapt to or
spring back from tragic life events and disasters.
Disaster, rather than a total and immobilizing
disruption, becomes an event where people seek
continuity by using their resources to adapt.
Crisis is the new normality:
The new normal of protracted crisis
Living with the floods
People as survivors and first responders
11. Changing roles
Profound changes to humanitarian governance
Impact on core relation of assistance.
Beneficiary/ benefactor mutual compact that
both parties depend on:
Victimcy versus Ignorancy
12. Real change?
• Definitely a change in story that aid tells
about itself
• Grounded in Syrian refugee crises: lower
middle class countries
No camps!!!
• More structurally enabled by technology
13. Critique on resilience paradigm
• Shifts responsibility
• Disinterests international community
• Politics of abandonment
Example: refugees versus migrants
refugees as part of precariat
14. Classic humanitarianism Resilience humanitarianism
Keyword Humanitarian system Humanitarian ecosystem
Scope Humanitarian space is operating
environment for humanitarian action in which
humanitarians work according to the
principles of neutrality, impartiality and
humanity
Interventions as open space where different
actors operate
Humanitar
ian crisis
State of exception, separated from normality Crisis as the new normality
Refugee camp is a relic of modernity
Humanitar
ian needs
Needs are triggered by the crisis. Needs are offset against capacities and
resilience
Who
provides
aid?
International humanitarian agencies central
in determining aid
Renewed attention to national and local
authorities as responsible service providers
More systematic attention to ‘other’
providers such as private sector, new
humanitarians, local services
Humanitar
ian action
Projects defined according to humanitarian
principles
Aid primarily facilitates resilience building,
engagement with advocacy to aid
communities seeking services
Internation
al
humanitari
ans
Driven by their principles, although
evaluations observe they deviate in practice
Seeking to apply principles in contextual
way
Seeking bridges with development and
peacebuilding
Local
institution
s
Either spoilers and causes of crises or in
need of capacity-building by international
community.
Foregrounded in localization rhetoric,
practice continued emphasis on need for
capacity building
Aid
recipients
Victims or cheats Survivors and first responders
Active and resilient
15. Radically different stories, but complementary?
Importance of type of crisis:
• Classical humanitarianism modelled on
high-intensity conflict
• Resilience humanitarianism modelled on
socio-natural disaster, now refugee care
and fragile settings
16. Arena perspective: multiple realities
Classical and resilience humanitarianism
both selectively highlighting one face of
multiple and complex reality
Humanitarian arena:
• Socially negotiating actors
• Central concept: the notion of agency
• Importance of everyday politics: emerging
realities
17. Multi-faceted realities
• Crisis both continuity and exceptionality
• Institutions both geared to conflict and
peace
• People can be victim as well have agency
Both paradigms foreground particular
aspects
18. Many questions to be raised
How is power enacted?
How do actors respond to the multifaceted nature of institutions?
Where are the cognitive dissonances between new ideas of
humanitarians and old habits that may not disappear?
How do crisis-affected populations interpret this information and
strategize to seek the services they require?
How do aid agencies affect the realities in which they operate?
How to protect people while respecting their dignity, initiative and
agency!
19. Advertising
• 27-29 August Humanitarian studies conference the Hague:
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• New blog on global development and social justice
www.issblog.nl
