The behaviur therapy its use to a psychtric patient to improve patient behave in socety.

1. Behaviour therapy
Mr. Vikrant Kulthe

2. Meaning
Behaviour refers to the organisms skeletal
muscle activity in humans; both what they do
( motor behaviour) and what they say ( verbal
behaviour)
Based on application of learning principles
derived from Classical conditioning model by
Ivan pavlov and Operant conditioning model
by BF Skinner.
4/28/2020Mr.Vikrant Kulthe 2

3. GOAL
Changing the maladaptive behaviour
Substituting the current behavior with
adaptive behaviour.
Modify the maladaptive patterns of
present behaviour
Eliminate the maladaptive patterns of
present behaviour
4/28/2020Mr.Vikrant Kulthe 3

4. definition
“It is the systematic application of
principles of learning to the analysis
and treatment of disorders of
behaviour.”
4/28/202
0
Mr.Vikrant Kulthe 4

5. BEHAVIOUR TECHNIQUES
1.Systematic Desensitization: By Joseph
Wolpe
Based on principle of reciprocal inhibition.
3 steps;
a. Relaxation training: Jacobson’s progressive
muscle relaxation, hypnosis, meditation,
yoga , mental imagery, biofeedback.
4/28/202
0
Mr.Vikrant Kulthe 5

6. b. Hierarchy construction: to list the
conditions which provoke anxiety. To
list them in descending order of
anxiety provoking.
c. Desensitization : either done in
reality or imagination .Advised to
signal whenever anxiety is produced.
With each signal he is asked to relax.
4/28/202
0
Mr.Vikrant Kulthe 6

7. INDICATIONS
--Phobias
-- Obsessions
-- Compulsions
4/28/202
0
Mr.Vikrant Kulthe 7

8. 2. Aversion therapy
It is a form of behaviour therapy in
which the client is conditioned to
avoid an undesirable behaviour (or)
symptom by associating them with
painful (or) unpleasant experiences,
such as putting a bitter taste on nails
(or) on tongue for nail biting.
4/28/202
0
Mr.Vikrant Kulthe 8

9. The underlying principle is the pairing of the
pleasant stimulus (alcohol) with an unpleasant
experiences(drugs like apormorphine) , the
pleasant stimulus becomes unpleasant by
association.
The therapy is given in sessions of 20-40 and
lasting I hour.
After completion of treatment, booster sessions
may be given.
Unpleasant response is produced by electric
stimulus, drugs, social disapproval or even
fantasy.
4/28/202
0
Mr.Vikrant Kulthe 9

10. INDICATIONS
Alcohol dependence
Transvestism
Homo- sexuality
Other sexual deviations.
4/28/202
0
Mr.Vikrant Kulthe 10

11. 3.FLOODING
An individual is exposed directly to a
maximum intensity fear producing situation
either in imagination or in real life.
Escape is made impossible.
No relaxation techniques are taught and
given in reverse hierarchy( starting from most
phobic to least phobic stimuli)4/28/202
0
Mr.Vikrant Kulthe 11

12. Flooding can be conducted in
imagination which is called as
“ implosive therapy”
INDICATION
Phobia
4/28/202
0
Mr.Vikrant Kulthe 12

13. 4. Operant conditioning procedures for increasing adaptive
behaviour
a. Positive reinforcement : the desirable
behaviour is reinforced by a reward, material
or symbolic such as food, praise or gifts
b. Negative reinforcement: On performance of
the desirable behavioaur, punishment can be
avoided.
c. Token economy: the desired behavior is
reinforced by offering token . The token can
later be exchanged for other rewards4/28/202
0
Mr.Vikrant Kulthe 13

14. 5. Operant conditioning procedures to teach new behaviour
a. Modeling :Introduced by BANDURA.
By the process of imitation(or) observation.
The therapist shows how a specific behaviour
is to be performed.
The patient observes other patients indulging
in target behaviours and getting rewards for
those behaviours. This will make the patient
repeat the same behaviour and earn rewards
in the same manner
4/28/202
0
Mr.Vikrant Kulthe 14

15. b. Shaping: the behaviour is reinforced step by
step.
In physicaly handicapped children
Autism
c. Chaining : When a person fails to perform a
complex task. The task is broken into a number of
small steps and each step is taught to the patient.
Forward Chaining
Backward Chaining 4/28/202
0
Mr.Vikrant Kulthe 15

16. 6. Operant conditioning procedures for decreasing
maladaptive behaviour
a. Extinction/Ignoring :Removal of attention
rewards permanently, following a maladaptive
behaviour.
Not looking at the patient, not talking to the
patient, No physical contact with the patient.
4/28/202
0
Mr.Vikrant Kulthe 16

17. b .Punishment: is given with clear explanation,
whenever the undesirable response occurs with.
c. Time out: Removing the patient from the
reward for a particular period of time
Effective in childhood disorders
d. Restitution: Over correction means restoring
the disturbed situation to a state that is much
better than what it was before the occurrence of
the problem behaviour. 4/28/202
0
Mr.Vikrant Kulthe 17

18. e. Response cost: This procedure is used with
individuals who are on token programs for
teaching adaptive behaviour. When
undesirable behaviour occurs, a fixed number
of tokens or points are deducted from what
the individual has already earned.
4/28/202
0
Mr.Vikrant Kulthe 18

19. 7.ASSERTIVENESS TRAINING
Is introduced by Wolpe.
To bring about change in emotional and
other behaviuoral patterns by asserting
himself.
Is given by the therapist first by role playing
and then by practice in a real life situation.
Not to be afraid of showing an appropriate
response . 4/28/202
0
Mr.Vikrant Kulthe 19

20. 7.SOCIAL SKILL TRAINING
To improve social manners like encouraging
eye contact, speaking appropriately, observing
simple etiquette and relating to people.
4/28/202
0
Mr.Vikrant Kulthe 20

21. 4/28/202
0
Mr.Vikrant Kulthe 21