Beetal - Goat breed
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The Beetal goat originates from the Punjab region of India and Pakistan. It is a large breed kept primarily for milk, meat, and skin. Beetal goats have a large body size, long legs, pendulous ears, a small tail, and curved horns. Females typically give birth to twins and produce 150-200kg of milk per lactation. Beetal goats are well-suited for the North-westren, Central arid and semi arid regions of India and Pakistan where they are commonly found.
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This document summarizes various indigenous cattle breeds in India. It describes their origins, physical characteristics, milk yields, and uses. The breeds are categorized as indigenous dairy breeds, indigenous draught breeds, indigenous dual purpose breeds, and exotic dairy breeds. Key breeds mentioned include Gir, Sahiwal, Hallikar, Amritmahal, Kangayam, Bargur, Umblachery, Tharparkar, Hariana, Kankrej, Ongole, and Krishna Valley. The document also provides information on feeding calves colostrum and its importance.
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The term “Poultry” refers to all the domesticated species of birds reared for the purpose of eggs, meat and feathers. Species of birds under this category includes chicken, ducks, quails, turkey, guineafowl, geese, pheasants, emu and ostrich. The domesticated chicken is most widely propagated in commercial purpose to meet the demands of eggs and meat. The other species of poultry are less popular.
Duck account for 7% of poultry production, mostly confined to the coastal states of the country.
Japanese quail farming is gaining attention with better feed efficiency, lesser production cost.
Turkey, guinea fowl and gesse farming is confined to state and central govt farms, educational and research institutions.
Emu and ostrich are reared for skins, leather and oil besides ornamental purpose.
I.DUCKS
Ducks are reared for the purpose of eggs (Khaki Campbell), meat (Pekin) and ornamental (crested). Duck eggs are popular in north –eastern states, West Bengal and Kerala; where they are mostly reared in free range system.
Mostly reared under extensive or semi intensive system.
Indigenous ducks are highly disease resistance and can survive by grazing in the rice fields, canals, ponds, marshy lands, irrigation tanks and rivers. Hence they are more popular than Khaki Campbell ducks.
The egg weight will be 65-80g, depending on the breed / variety. They can lay 120- 180 eggs per year for 2 to 3 years.
Ducks lay most of their eggs during the night and early in the day, which suits the nomadic system of rearing;
Ducks consume spilled grains in harvested fields, and insects and snails in wet fields by foraging, and so supplement part of their feed requirement on their own, which greatly saves feed cost making them economical to maintain;
Ducks require less care and attention in management than chickens
The major disease challenging the ducks are duck plague, for which all the ducks are vaccinated periodically, starting from two months of age.
Breeds of ducks are classified based on the size and utility. Skin of most breeds is yellow except Aylesbury and Muscovy which have pinkish white. Egg colour is usually light brown except Indian Runner – white eggs, Rouen – blue as well as white eggs, Cayuga and Black East Indie – initially black later stages blue colour
TURKEY
Turkeys are native of North and Central America. These are kept only for meat. In India turkeys are almost non-existent and constitute less than 1% of total poultry population. Turkeys belong to single breed, however there are different varieties of turkey which differ in size, plumage colour and fleshing properties. There are 7 standard varieties of turkey namely Bronze, White Holland, Bourbon red, Narragansett, Black, Slate, Beltsville small white. The varieties of turkeys used commercially are Broad Breasted Bronze, Broad Breasted Large White and Beltsville Small White. Due to high cost of feed combined with poor feed efficiency, turkeys are often fed with vegetable.
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Beetal - Goat breed
- 1. BEETAL
- 2. Origin :- Punjab region of India and Pakistan •It is similar to Jamnapari goat . •It is also called as Lahori goat . •Large number of Beetal goats are seen in Punjab ,Sialkot , and Gurdaspur of India; Lahor , Rawalpindi of Pakistan .
- 3. Classification Based on utility – Milk , Meat and Skin purpose. Based on region – North - westren ,Central arid & semi arid region.
- 4. Characteristics §Larger body size. §Longer legs & pendulous ears with leaf shaped pinna §Small tail . §Head is massive , broad with roman nose . §Body colour is red or golden brown with white spots §Horns are curved backwards horizantally .
- 5. Breeding Male Beetal goat mature at 12 – 15 months of age Female Beetal goat produce kids for first time at the age of 20 – 22 months and give birth to 2 kids per year .
- 6. •Kidding percentage in Beetal goats is single -40% Twins -54% Triplets-6%
- 7. Productive triats 1) Milk prodution •150 – 200 Kg per lactation •Avg 1.5 – 2 Kg per day •Fat - 4.5% Highest milk prodution record is , 834 Kg in 287 days at NDRI , Karnal •Lactation length – 220 days •Dry period – 144 days
- 8. 2) Meat prodution §Birth weight – 3Kg §Adult male weights about 60 Kg §Adult female weights about 40 Kg
- 9. 3) Skin It’s skin is considered to be of high quality because of it’s large size and fine leather , which is good for manifacturing cloths , shoes and gloves .