Bridging the gap between business and technology - Behaviour Driven Development with Drupal (European Drupal days 2015)

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Bridging the gap between business and
technology
Behavior Driven Developement with Drupal
by Marcin Pajdzik

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Bridging the gap between business and
technology
Behavior Driven Developemnt with Drupal

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How BDD works?
Write scenarios that describe behaviours
Execute the scenarios against your application
▼

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How BDD works?
Write each step of your scenario in plain English
Write each step definition in PHP
▼

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NHS - National Health Service
Project started in 2002
Project terminated in 2010
Cost: €14 400 000 000
(billion)

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€14.4bn would pay a salary of:
60000 nurses for 10 years in the UK
240000 nurses for 10 years in Poland

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Result:
IT system was not FIT for the NHS

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Why projects fail?
3. Unrealistic deadlines.
2. Insufficient resource planning.
1. Poor communication.
Source: Computing Technology Industry Association, 2007

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Source: Project Management Institute, 2013

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Software development is about delivering BUSINESS VALUE
Business value is WHAT REALLY MATTERS to the business
We find out WHAT REALLY MATTERS to the business...
… through effective communication!

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Why communication is difficult?
Two people - misunderstandings
Technical and Business people - different type of language
Typical large IT project - large team, working in a fast-evolving
digital domain that no one fully understands

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The main idea behind BDD
Preventing communication gaps

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What is BDD?
Agile methodology based on Test Driven Development
Promotes communication, conversation and close collaboration
between everybody in the team
Focuses on writing specification of the system behaviour

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Benefits of BDD
3. Business and behaviour first - prioritisation
1. Collaboration / Communication - same language for all
2. Quality – functional / integration / regression tests
4. Documentation

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BDD stories
Title (one line describing the story)
Narrative:
As a [role]
I want [feature]
So that [benefit]
Acceptance Criteria: (presented as Scenarios)
Scenario 1: Title
Given [context]
When [event]
Then [outcome]
Scenario 2: ...

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BDD stories
As a user
I want to login
So that I can access my account
As a [X]
I want [Y]
so that [Z]

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Scenarios
Given some initial context
When an event occurs,
Then ensure some outcomes.
Given I am on the login page
When I login as “jsmith” with password “secret”
Then I should see my account page

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Scenarios
● It is a speciﬁcation that everybody understands
● It is a documentation that everybody can refer to
● It is an automated test that can be run any time

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BDD solves TDD shortcomings
Developers want to know:
●where to start
●what to test and what not to test
●how much to test in one go
●what to call their tests
●how to understand why a test fails

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Declarative Scenario vs Imperative Scenario
Given I am on the login page
When I login as “john” with password “secret”
Then I should see my account page
When I go to "user/login"
And I enter "john" into the field "username"
And I enter "secret" into the field "password"
And I click on the button "login"

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Drawbacks
Increases the cost of maintenance
Before doing BDD make sure that there is enough return on
investment to justify it.

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BDD with Drupal
Behat - allows you to write tests in a human-readable language called
Gherkin and parses it into executable test-cases
Mink - web acceptance tests, provides MinkContext with step
definitions for interactions with a browser
Drupal Extension - provides Drupal specific functionality

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Drupal Extension Drivers
Blackbox Driver
Drupal API Driver
Drush Driver

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System Requirements
PHP 5.3.5 or higher with curl, mbstring and xml
Java required for Selenium

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Installation
{
"require": {
"behat/behat": "2.4.*@stable"
},
"minimum-stability": "dev",
"config": {
"bin-dir": "bin/"
}
}
$ curl http://getcomposer.org/installer | php
$ php composer.phar install
$ bin/behat
$ mkdir ls_project
$ cd ls_project
$ behat --init

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Installation
default:
paths:
features: 'features'
extensions:
BehatMinkExtensionExtension:
goutte: ~
selenium2: ~
base_url: http://seven.l
DrupalDrupalExtensionExtension:
blackbox: ~
Make your FeatureContext.php aware
of both the Drupal Extension and the
Mink Extension

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How to make the scenarios available to everybody?
Behat Jira Extension

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{code:none}Feature: Jira integration
In order to facilitate the authoring of Behat features by non-developers
As a developer
I want to write an extension to load features from Jira issues.
Scenario: Load Me!
Given I am a Jira issue
And I contain a Behat feature
When I am loaded by JiraExtension
Then I should parsed by Gherkin
{code}

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bin/behat jira:BDD-1
bin/behat http://jira.example.com:8080/browse/BDD-1

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BDD in business
“After the decision to move our websites onto Drupal, adopting
Behavior Driven Development has been one of the best decisions
we’ve made for our organization in years.”
Paul Lomax - CTO, Dennis Publishing

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References
Dan North & Associates - http://dannorth.net/
Mink - http://mink.behat.org/
Behat - http://behat.org/
DSpeak - http://dspeak.com/drupalextension/intro.html

Speaker Info
Marcin Pajdzik
Web Technology Consultant
marcin@pajdzik.com
marcin_pajdzik

Bridging the gap between business and technology
Behaviour Driven Developement with Drupal

Bridging the gap between business and technology - Behaviour Driven Development with Drupal (European Drupal days 2015)

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