Goedatabase in MSSQL

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GEODATABASE
A data model that supports transactional views of database, objects with
attributes and behaviour
A physical store of geographic information inside a database
management system (DBMS)
Birendra Bajracharya , International Centre for Integrated Mountain Development (ICIMOD)

2. GEODATABASE
A unique data format similar in structure to coverage data model and
also includes functionality for multiuser editing
A storage mechanism for spatial and attribute data that contains specific
storage structures for features, collection of features, attributes,
relationships between attributes and relationships between features
Birendra Bajracharya , International Centre for Integrated Mountain Development (ICIMOD)

3. Benefits of Geodatabase
• Centralised management of GI in a DBMS
• Large data management in a continuous integrated environment
• Support for multiuser editing and versioning
• Advanced data types and geometry (3D coordinates, measures, true
curves)
• Faster and efficient data entry (data rules and relationships)
• Create and edit feature linked annotations
• Create and edit geometric networks
• Relationships with tabular data sources stored in any standard DBMS
• Create and edit topologically integrated features
• Create subtypes and domains for database integrity
• Support for development of industry standard data models
Birendra Bajracharya , International Centre for Integrated Mountain Development (ICIMOD)

4. Type of Geodatabase
Personal Geodatabase
• Built into ArcGIS
• Implemented using standard desktop tools and MS Access format
• Project level GIS
Multiuser Geodatabase
• Deployed using ArcSDE
• Requires DBMS such as IBM DB2, Informix, Oracle or MS SQL
Server
• Enterprise GIS
Birendra Bajracharya , International Centre for Integrated Mountain Development (ICIMOD)

5. Data formats
Supports multiple formats of spatial data -
• Simple features (shape files)
• Custom features with business logic and editing rules
• Attribute data
• Metadata
• Images
• Raster/ grid data
• CAD data
Birendra Bajracharya , International Centre for Integrated Mountain Development (ICIMOD)

6. Features of Geodatabase
Multiuser Editing
• Multiuser access to databases through the use of versioning and long
transactions (not supported by personal geodatabases)
Intelligent features, Rules and Relationships
• Supports objects, features (objects with geometry), advanced feature
types (geometric and logical networks), true curves and complex
polylines
Birendra Bajracharya , International Centre for Integrated Mountain Development (ICIMOD)

7. Features of Geodatabase
Feature-Linked Annotation
• Labels can be converted to Annotation feature class linked to spatial
features
Topologically Integrated Features
• Topologically associated feature classes stored in an integrated
feature data set
• Topological editing tools for shared-edge editing of common
boundaries or corners
Birendra Bajracharya , International Centre for Integrated Mountain Development (ICIMOD)

8. Features of Geodatabase
Integrity Constraints
• Rules on how data can be edited to ensure attribute integrity of
database
• Subtypes - define categories of features to distinguish objects based
on different behaviours and attributes
• Domains - control the allowable set of values for any field in
geodatabase table (can be coded values or a range)
Birendra Bajracharya , International Centre for Integrated Mountain Development (ICIMOD)

9. Features of Geodatabase
Geometric Networks
• Consists of edge and junction network features
• sources and sinks to model real world systems
Dimensions
• Special kind of map annotation to show specific lengths and distances
• Supports aligned and linear dimensions
Birendra Bajracharya , International Centre for Integrated Mountain Development (ICIMOD)

10. Features of Geodatabase
Relationships
• Define advanced relationhsips among multiple tables in the DBMS
• Organised into relationship classes
Validation rules
• Attribution rules - subtypes and domains
• Connectivity rules - constrain the type of network features that may be
connected to one another
• Relationship rules - control which object subtypes from the origin class
can be related to which object subtypes in destination class
• Custom rules- rules can be created for specific data models using
ArcObjects
Birendra Bajracharya , International Centre for Integrated Mountain Development (ICIMOD)

11. Creating Geodatabase
When designing a geodatabase, consider questions like:
• What kind of data will be stored in the database?
• In what projection do you want your data stored?
• Do you want to establish rules about how the data can be modified?
• How do you want to organize your object classes and subtypes?
• Do you want to maintain special relationships between objects of
different types?
• Will your database contain networks?
• Will your database store custom objects?
Birendra Bajracharya , International Centre for Integrated Mountain Development (ICIMOD)

12. Creating a new geodatabase from scratch
Birendra Bajracharya , International Centre for Integrated Mountain Development (ICIMOD)

13. Migrating existing data into the geodatabase
Birendra Bajracharya , International Centre for Integrated Mountain Development (ICIMOD)

14. Building geodatabases with CASE tools
Birendra Bajracharya , International Centre for Integrated Mountain Development (ICIMOD)

15. Further refining the geodatabase
• establish relationships between objects in different object classes
• connectivity rules for objects participating in geometric networks
• use geodatabase management tools in ArcCatalog to refine or
extend a mature database throughout its life
Birendra Bajracharya , International Centre for Integrated Mountain Development (ICIMOD)
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