3D modeling programs are used widely in various professions. In medicine, they are used by doctors to teach anatomy by creating accurate models of the human body. In architecture and design fields, 3D modeling allows for innovative designs of buildings and objects. 3D modeling is also essential in video game development, as it allows for the creation of characters and virtual worlds. The basic principles of 3D modeling involve using tools to create geometric shapes and connect vertices to form polygons that can then be rendered into 2D images.

1. 3D: the Basics for Computer Arts Article
In order to really understand the importance of 3D modelling programs in professional
works I have researched numerous websites to find out about the uses of 3D modelling in
the workplace. The main example which is clearly the most important would be in the
medical profession. The main uses of these kinds of programs in that specific field would be
teaching. Experienced lead doctors/surgeons would use the modeller program to create
models of human anatomy or use already created general models. This would be so they
can teach younger less experienced medical students how to help patients, usually with
traumatic and difficult cases. Usually these illnesses and cases are of vital importance as a
patient’s life could be in danger, therefore it would be important that the model is accurate
in shape and size and location in the body, so the viewers easily understand and can assess
the situation accordingly. Another important use of 3D modeling in professions and the
work place would be in fields’ art adjacent such as architecture, interior/exterior design and
graphic design. Modeling programs are vital for these areas of work because it is necessary
to have the ability to create innovative, unique designs of objects/buildings/structures for
the modern buyer and the quickly modernizing world.
Geometric theory employs the same principles found in 2D vector artwork. This is done by
drawing images by plotting points on the X and Y axis and joining the points with a path line.
Wireframe models for any 3D objects, characters environments etc. are made through
connecting shared vertices referred to as a mesh. An example is shown below of how
progression with models reaches from simple flat line to coloring, detail and realism.

2. Designing interesting and potentially custom items quickly and professionally on computers
for clients would be near impossible without modeling software installed. It allows for a
clean, uniformity only a computer could manage. This is achieved through API (application
program interface) which is a set of tools, programs and protocols that are used to create
the foundation of software programs which is then pieced together by a program builder.
The graphics pipeline ( A way in which 3D mathematical information is contained within
objects and scenes and converted into videos and images) basically accepts a representation
of a 3D primitive as input and results in a 2D raster image as output. The Geometry in the
scene is lit depending on the defined locations of the light sources, reflective properties and
surface features and properties. Any geometric primitives become invisible and are deleted,
as they remain outside the viewing area. Post clip vertices are transformed once more to be
a window space. Rasterisation is a process when the 2D image space representation of the
scene is converted into a raster format. At this stage the individual fragments are assigned a
color based on values interpolated from vertices during rasterisation from a texture in
memory or from a shader program.The final colored pixels can then be displayed.
The most obvious example of another use would be in computer games design industry.
This is how 2D sketched artwork on paper and technology fuse together to create an
interactive, immersive feature known as video gaming. Modeling characters provides an
unlimited list of possibilities for games anything could be created through it. Creating
characters in this can show numerous sides to a characters personality, for example, a
frowning brow and stooping back would show an angered expression; and an upright
posture and stern look would give an imposing impression. This continues on and varies
wildly as the possible amount of postures does as well. To begin artists would start with a
simple pose, this normally includes the arms outstretched away from the body and feet
spread slightly apart so the character standing a ‘T’ shape. This is the optimum pose for a
basic idea of a character, because itshows off the outfit completely and style and body
shape at the same time. Once thesimple design is complete for a character the artist would
progress to make moredetailed, intricate designs from different angles for images and in
more varying,challenging, realistic poses you would find someone in their position and
situationdoing; for example an explorer would check a map or a blacksmith would wield
ahammer.Software programs which use 3D modeling include 3DS Max, Cinema 4D,
Grome,Light Wave 3D, RealSoft 3D, Shade Up 3D, Solid Edge, Solid Works and Swift
3D.Usually the tools used in these programs include drawing points on a map, joiningthose
points, the pen tool to free draw lines, area coloring, area shading and editing,shape
creation, deletion and select.

3. The basic principles of 3D modeling software include the tools which give the ability to
create the basic character outline or upload a 2D paper sketch of the character and edit it
on the computer. Once this is complete, the main objective is to flesh out the piece, giving
the character depth and width, rounded smooth edges for skin and sharper, tonal areas for
clothing/armor etc. After that it’s basically up to the user howfar they go with the creation,
how much detail and effort they put into the work. Forexample they could go as far to
create a surrounding area/background for thecharacter, or a companion, or minor tags and
details on the clothing, rips, scars,tattoos etc. It is the same across all aspects of modeling in
whatever profession.Overall it is clearly understandable that 3D modeling is a widely used
piece ofsoftware across multiple, varying professions and workplaces, even in personal
useand has an important role in society and the modern world and will for a long timeyet.
Even though it is possible to construct a mesh by individually creating faces and vertices, it’s
more often for people to build them using a variety of tools. A numerous variety of 3D
graphics software packages are available for use in constructing polygon meshes.
The most common measurements of an objects file size include the polygon count and
vertex count. Anything can be applied to this, for example a character within a game can
stretch anywhere between 200-300 polygons, to 40, 000 polygons. A higher end console can
use numerous different vertices whereas an IOS tower defence may use very few in
comparisons. Once that stage is complete, most move onto rendering which is the final
process of creating the actual 2D image and animation form the prepared scene. After the
setup is finished this can be compared to taking a photo or filming a scene. Rendering
methods range from distinct non-realistic wireframe and advanced techniques such as scan
line rendering, ray tracing, or radiosity. Rendering may take from fractions of a second to
days for a single image and frame. Overall depending on the situation, different methods
can prove more useful and beneficial.