This document discusses different types and views of baptism. It begins by explaining baptism generally symbolizes purification and salvation through a once-in-a-lifetime event representing burial and resurrection. It then describes types of baptism including immersion, submersion and sprinkling. It notes Catholic baptism includes exorcisms and is done in the name of the Father, Son and Holy Spirit. Anabaptists only baptize adults and see it as commemorating Jesus' death and resurrection. Martyrdom can be a form of baptism through blood. Fire represents a baptism of trial through suffering. Infant baptism symbolizes new birth and arguments for it include apostolic origin and necessity for salvation

1. Baptism
By Ian Devito

2. Meaning
• Differs, generally: Holy Sacrament meant to
purify thought and character-Salvation
emphasized. Once-in-a-lifetime event.
• Symbolic burial and resurrection consistent
with the separation, transition and
reincorporation phases of Cultural
Anthropology: the human challenge
• Separation:

3. Types: By water
• Immersion: Where water is poured over
someone standing in water, without
submersion of the person.[
• Submersion: Stands or kneels in water and
water is poured over the upper part of the
body
• Aspersion: Sprinkling with holy water

4. Differences: by water
• Catholic church: Since baptism signifies
liberation from sin and from its instigator the
devil, one or more exorcisms are pronounced
over the candidate".
• “I say to you, unless one is born of water and
the Spirit, he cannot enter into the Kingdom
of God”
• Catholics are baptized in the name of the
Father and of the Son and of the Holy Spirit[

5. Anabaptists
• Anabaptists believe in “credobaptism” only individuals
old enough to consciously choose baptism may be
baptized. Anabaptists perform baptisms indoors in a
baptismal fonto r outdoors in a creek or river.
• They believe Baptism memorializes the death, burial
and resurrection of Jesus. Baptism does not accomplish
anything in itself, but is an outward personal sign or
testimony that the person's sins have already been
washed away by the cross of Christ, signifying entrance
into the New covenant of Christ.

6. Martyrdom
• Identified as baptism by blood, alternate form
of baptism
• Baptism by which unbaptized nevertheless
receive the fruits of Baptism if their grace of
conversion included ‘an internal act of perfect
love and contrition by which their soul was
cleansed of all sin.’

7. Desire
• Those who, through no fault of their own, do
not know the Gospel of Christ or His Church,
but who nevertheless seek God with a sincere
heart, and, moved by grace, try in their
actions to do His will as they know it through
the dictates of conscience" (Constitution on
the Church, second vatican council)

8. Fire
• Baptism of trial
• Through trial a believer is cleansed of sin

9. Infant baptism
• Symbolism-New birth
• Arguments for-apostolic origin
• Baptism necessary for salvation
• Against Anabaptists, removal of original sin