This presentation provides a summary of the history and structure of the Bangladesh police system. It discusses the evolution of policing from ancient times through the British colonial period to present day Bangladesh. Some key points: 1) Early policing systems included village panchayats in rural areas and the kotwali system in urban areas under Mughal rule, with kotwals serving similar functions to modern police commissioners. 2) The British established the modern police force based on the Irish constabulary model with separate police departments headed by an inspector general. 3) Today's Bangladesh Police has a hierarchical structure headed by ranges, districts, circles, and police stations. It has specialized branches like detective

1. WELCOME TO
PRESENTATION
Presentation By
Md. Rezaul Karim
Roll:8
LL.B.(Hons); 40th Batch
Department of Law
University of Dhaka

2. BANGLADESH
POLICE SYSTEM
শৃঙ্খলা নিরাপত্তা প্রগনি

3. History
 AncientPeriod:Orthoshastra, Ramayana,
Mahabharata : conducting surveillance over the
activities of ministers, civil, and military officials
Manu said, “People having good knowledge of local
people should be appointed as police, who will better
administer and order situation.”
 Medieval Period: In Mughal period,
1. village panchayat (Rural area)
2.Kotwali System (Urban area)
Kotwal emerged as an institution and was effective in
maintaining the law and order in cities, and was
implemented in Dhaka.

4. Kotwal System:Present day commissioner of police
 Dispose of many functions of modern police
 Night patrolling
 Surveillance over visitors, spies and migrants
 Arrest criminals
 Control crime
 King’s principal spy, chief intelligence officer
But Police was-
 So powerful
 Abuse power
 Take bribe
 Torture common people
 Oppressive, ruthless
 Arbitrary

5. BRITISH PERIOD
 Crime control and maintain order was not formost task of
police
 Got power to collect rent revenue
 Set up police force to help the collector to extract revenue
 Widely practised torture when extracting land revenue
 Torture became an official practice of police
 Lord Cornwallis
 Introduce new police system in 1792
 Darogha post was created responsible to District Judge
 This system failed.
iii

6. CHARLES NAPIER(1843)
 Inspector General of Police was the chief of
the whole province
 SP was the chief of a district
 Govt. had the responsibility of law and order
situation
 Introduced Irish constabulary model police
 Established separate police department
 This model provides the basic structure of
Bangladesh police

7. COMMISSIONS
To search the causes of police torture, British Govt.
Formed three commission in different time –
 The Torture Commission,1854
 The Police Commission, 1860
 The Fraser Commission, 1902
After controlling the Sepoys Mutiny in 1857, British
govt. directly took the governing power of Indian
Subcontinent and enacted some laws and
regulations
on the basis of recommendations of these commissions

8. ACTS PROMULGATED BY THE
BRITISH
 The Police Act, 1861
 The Indian Penal Code, 1861
 The Chowkidar Act, 1870
 The Evidence Act, 1872
 The Criminal Procedure Code, 1898
 The Police Regulation of Bengal, 1943

9. BANGLADESH PERIOD
 After partition in 1947, Police was functioning on
the name of East Pakistan Police. Pakistan Rulers
were not sincere to reform police.
 Bangladesh came into existence in 1971.
 According to article 152 of Bangladesh
Constitution, Police is a disciplined force.

10. GENERAL HIERARCHY OF
BANGLADESH POLICE

11. RANGES OF POLICE
 1 Dhaka Range
 2 Chittagong Range
 3 Khulna Range
 4 Rajshahi Range
 5 Sylhet Range
 6 Barisal Range
 7 Rangpur Range
 Another two Police Ranges are:
 8 Railway Range
 9 Highway Range

12. UNITS OF POLICE
Range Police
 Police Range
 Police district-64
 Circle-126
 Thana (Police Station)-516
 Investigation Centre (IC) / Police Out-Post / Police Camp
Metropolitan Police
 Division
 Zone-23
 Thana (Police Station)-84
 Town Out-Post / Police Camp

13. ADMINISTRATION OF BD POLICE
 Bangladesh Police has its own administrative
setup in both urban and rural areas.
 In 64 Districts, Police has three tier
administrations under the authority of –
 SP
 ASP (circle)
 OC (officer in charge of the police station)

14. METROPOLITAN POLICE UNITS
 1 Dhaka Metropolitan Police (DMP)- 1976
 2 Chittagong Metropolitan Police (CMP)-1978
 3 Khulna Metropolitan Police (KMP)-1985
 4 Rajshahi Metropolitan Police (RMP)-1992
 5 Sylhet Metropolitan Police (SMP)
 6 Barisal Metropolitan Police (BMP)

15. BRANCHES OF BD POLICE
 Range and District Police
 Detective Branch (DB)
 Tourist Police
 Detective Branch (DB)Police
 Traffic Police
 Criminal Investigation Department (CID)
 Railway Police (GRP)
 Highway Police
 Industrial Police
 Armed Police Battalion (APBn)
 Rapid Action Battalion (RAB)
 River Police
 SWAT
 Special Branch (SB)
 Immigration Police
 Industrial Police
 Police Bureau of Investigation (PBI)
 Special Security and Protection Battalion (SPBn)

16. FUNCTIONS OF POLICE
 Preventive Functions
 Investigations
 Interrogations
 Search and Seizure
 Inquiry and Report on Suicide and Unnatural
Death
 Functions as Prosecutor

17. PREVENTIVE FUNCTIONS OF POLICE
 Prevent misdeeds arresting suspected criminals
 Arrests law violators and bring them before the
court
 Section 149 to 153 of CrPC elaborate preventive
actions of police
 Section 54 empowers to arrest a person on
suspicion
 Thus can prevent the commission of any
cognizable offence

18. FUNCTIONS OF INVESTIGATIONS
 Police is the principal state agency to investigate
criminal activities
 Sections 154 to 176 of CrPC empower police to
investigate any case
 Under srction 60 & 61 of CrPC , police take the
arrestee before a Magistrate
 After filing an FIR, police immediately investigate
 Police can seek remand to complete investigation
 After investigation police serve ‘Charge-sheet’ or
‘Final Report’

19. INTERROGATION BY POLICE
 For investigation Police can keep a person detained
for 24 hours, if remand granted, for highest 15
days(s/167).
 S/161(2) provides directions should be followed by
Police when investigation
 Section 25 of the Evidence Act,1872 provides
safeguards to a person interrogative by Police
 Article 35(4) provides safeguards to an arrestee

20. SEARCH AND SEIZURE BY POLICE
 Sections 96, 105 of CrPC deal with the procedures how a
search should be conducted
 May search with or without warrant
 Usually a Magistrate issue a search warrant mentioning some
guidelines
 Search should be made in day time in the presence two
independent witnesses of the locality
 If illegal search-
1. Civil or Criminal action may be filed against the police
2. May result in acquittal of the accused
 Given many authorities to Make search,Order production of
documents,seize any suspicious property, call witness to attend in
the court,

21. INQUIRY AND REPORT ON SUICIDE AND
UNNATURAL DEATH
 On receipt any information of death by suicide,
killed by another or suspicious death Police shall
immediately inform the nearest Magistrate
 Shall Report on wounds, fractures, marks of
injury,
 If any doubt, the police officer shall forward the
body to the nearest Civil Surgeon to be examined

22. FUNCTIONS AS PROSECUTOR
 When any crime has been committed, the
responsibility lies with the state to bring the
culprits before a court
 On behalf of the state police investigates the case
 Police also helps the Public Prosecutor to conduct
the case
 Actually their collaboration with each other may
come out successfully in redressing a crime

23. DILEMMA OF RAB
 The Rapid Action Battalion Ordinance, 1979
 RAB is a combination of following forces-
 Army
 Navy
 Air Force
 Police
 Bangladesh Boarder Guard
 Ansar
 After the formation, RAB was praised for controlling crime.
 But, very soon it started extrajudicial killing
 It is a clear violation of all national and international law
 So RAB has turned itself as a Frankenstien and Delimma

24. Questions…???

25. Thanks To Everybody
THE END