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Backlash against Environmentalists Case
The document summarizes different approaches used by anti-environmentalists to attack environmental regulations and recommends new approaches for environmentalists. It analyzes three alternative approaches - incentive-based policies, community-based decision making, and ecosystem-based management - using Cohen's framework. It recommends incentive-based policies due to their ability to balance interests, involve media and politicians, and lay the foundation for long-term ecosystem management. Sensitivity analysis notes community-based decision making is also viable but incentive policies could be manipulated without oversight.
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Backlash against Environmentalists Case
- 1. 20 September 2012 antiEnvironmentalBacklash and New Approaches Carnegie Mellon University Adelaide Group 2: THIEN HUONG Do MINH THUAN Nguyen THI TAM Duong
- 2. 2 Outline 1. Executive summary 2. Summary of Decisions 3. Description of Context 4. Stakeholder Analysis 5. Decision Criteria and Metrics 6. Data/Facts/Modelling 7. Analysis of Alternatives 8. Recommendations 9. Sensitivity Analysis CMU Australia. Adelaide 2012. Class Materials, for Educational purposes only.
- 3. 3 Executive Summary • Different approaches that antienvironmentlists applied to attack environmental regulations. • Recommendations: Policy makers should seriously consider incentives • Implication: Balance the economic development and environmental issues for different stakeholders What sorts of approaches should environmentalists be considering? CMU Australia. Adelaide 2012. Class Materials, for Educational purposes only.
- 4. 4 Summary of Decisions • Anti-environmentalists applied wide range of tactics to enhance its impact on policymaking and implementation of environmental regulations at state and national levels and against environmentalists including: • Anecdotes, compelling stories to mobilize public • Grassroots organizing activities • Policy conflicts and litigation • Violence and intimidation • Government’s response to the anti-environmentalism • Environmentalists consider new approaches to deal with changes CMU Australia. Adelaide 2012. Class Materials, for Educational purposes only.
- 5. 5 Timeline 1.Private Property Rights Act was passed Success of anti- 2.Clean Water Act environmentalist at rewritten Initial activities of anti- defining environmental 3.Endangered species environmentalism regulations Act reformed 1980s 1994 1970s 1990s 1995 Widespread Anti- recognition of environmentalist Property rights and derailed a bill to a Wise Use cabinet-level movements department CMU Australia. Adelaide 2012. Class Materials, for Educational purposes only.
- 6. 6 Stakeholder Analysis STAKEHOLDERS ISSUES GOALS Government Coping with growing intensity of • Job stabilization environmental issues • Protect environment Response to anti/environmental • Neutralize/balancing between two flows activism • Defuse controversial debates thru polls Citizens • Living in a sustainable environment Concerned about health, ecology and environment • Job and business Worried about job opportunity CMU Australia. Adelaide 2012. Class Materials, for Educational purposes only.
- 7. 7 Stakeholder Analysis STAKEH ISSUES GOALS OBJECTIVES CRITERIA OLDERS • Fierce attacks from • Enhance the • Draw more close • 1995 Gained support from anti-environmentalists environmental attentions of citizens though “Earth day” • Possibilities of losing regulations politicians campaign supporters from • Mobilize public • Demonstrating the • 1998 environmental activity attack Environmentalists citizens interests public opinions 105th Congress in New York Times • Government would • Consider to take • Form new alliances • Received support from Clinton change the legal new approaches • Mobilizing President environmental to protect supporters regulations environment • Utilize the media •Conflicts with • Eliminate • Wise Use: Remove • Eliminated restrictions on regulation of land and environmental environmental wetlands development AntiEnvironmentalists natural resource use Media: regulations restrictions from • Compensated for Property owners • Restricts of affecting both public lands • Opened all public lands environmental private and public • Property Rights • Attached anti-environmental regulations affect land Movement riders to the fiscal 1996 economic activities • Pursuing policy • Restricted definition of ‘harm in • Mobilize public change through the ESA interest budget • Received favor from Bush president in 2002 CMU Australia. Adelaide 2012. Class Materials, for Educational purposes only.
- 8. 8 Decision Criteria & Metrics Apply Cohen’s Framework • Local understanding • Diverse participants • Ethical values • Balancing between group's main interests • Communications and Media • Political dimension • Environmental Policy and Management CMU Australia. Adelaide 2012. Class Materials, for Educational purposes only.
- 9. 9 Data Summary: Objectives Tree • Conduct CBA and risk assessment Enhance • Careful interpretation and use of environmental Public polls • Draw more attentions from media to regulations gain supports from audiences Protect • Lobby politicians to maintain the core environment value s of environmental regulations and neutralize Effectively response stakeholders’ to backlash interest • Form new alliances Mainstream • Mainstream cultures, economic, technology and ethical values environmentalists CMU Australia. Adelaide 2012. Class Materials, for Educational purposes only.
- 10. 10 Values and Alternatives Methodology: compared three alternative approaches Determined Assigned scores to community restoration: weight of to each (1) Incentive-based each Means alternative Selected the policies toward based on their approach with (2) Community-based satisfying estimated the highest decision making the decision success at total score (3) Ecosystem-based criteria achieving the given Means management CMU Australia. Adelaide 2012. Class Materials, for Educational purposes only.
- 11. 11 Cohen’s Framework Analysis (1) (2) (3) Satisfied Justifications Incentive Community- Ecosystem- Score Criteria -based based based policies decision management making Local understanding 3 5 4 5 Community-base approach has big advantages regarding to local understandings Diverse participants 4 5 2 5 Community-base approach has the advantages to explore its variaty of its participants Ethical values 4 6 6 6 Both Community-based and Ecosystem based approaches have high credit for ethics, while Incentives has the potential to ignore this Communications and 7 5 5 8 Incentive-base has the most strategic Media and tactical media plan Ecosystem is the weakest in terms of communications and media Balancing between 9 7 5 10 Incentive-based policies has the group's main interests potential to be most effective regarding CMU Australia. Adelaide 2012. Class Materials, for Educational purposes only. interests. profits and
- 12. 12 Cohen’s Framework Analysis Criteria (1) (2) (3) Satisfied Justifications Incentive Community- Ecosystem- Score -based based based policies decision managerment making Environmental Policy 9 8 9 10 Incentive –based policy and Ecosystem- and Management based management are strongly affected by environmental regulations Political dimension 10 8 5 10 Incentive-based policies approach involves the intensive attention of politician. TOTAL 44 36 / 54 Incentive based policies has the highest 46 score among the three. CMU Australia. Adelaide 2012. Class Materials, for Educational purposes only.
- 13. 13 Recommendations • We strongly recommend environmentalists to consider the first approach – Incentive based policies to deal with the growingly intensive activities of anti- environmental movement. • Focus on diversifying participants, especially high profile figures • Proactively involve the media of different channels • Considering incentive-based policies as the laying cornerstone for the long term approach of Ecosystem Based Management CMU Australia. Adelaide 2012. Class Materials, for Educational purposes only.
- 14. 14 Sensitivity Analysis • As the total score of Community based decision making approach is 42, which is quite close to Incentive Based Policies approach, it may trigger the internal debates between environmentalists. • The Incentive based policies approach can be manipulated or driven by the influential entrepreneurs to serve their own interests. • Possible backlash may emerge due to the inefficiency of policy making and implementation. CMU Australia. Adelaide 2012. Class Materials, for Educational purposes only.
- 15. 15 Thank you CMU Australia. Adelaide 2012. Class Materials, for Educational purposes only.
Editor's Notes
- #6 1970s:Environmentalism began to encounter resistance.1980s:Widespread wiseuse and recognition of property rights movementsUsing idealto mobilize support - Formation of the 2 think tanksLegal theory and litigationHarrasment and intimidation1991: 400 Right-Use and Property rights groups joined forces to form the Alliance for America1995: Pass private Property Rights
- #8 Criteria:Eliminating restrictions on wetlands development-Property rights are paramount. Property owners ought to be compensatedOpening all public lands (national parks, wilderness areas, mineral and energy production...) Using Public Relations tool (anecdotes)Attaching anti-environmental riders to the fiscal 1996