1. Yale
School
of
Forestry
&
Environmental
Studies
Webinar Series
Multilevel Governance

2. Yale
School
of
Forestry
&
Environmental
Studies
1
1
2 Thebig topics in Wind Energy
The Idea
Governance, Environment and Market Initiative
- from short-term and single-focus approaches to
embracing multilevel complexity for durable results

3. Yale
School
of
Forestry
&
Environmental
Studies
1
2
2 Thebig topics in Wind Energy
The Experts Available
Interdisciplinary GEM Advisory Board

4. Yale
School
of
Forestry
&
Environmental
Studies
1
3
2 Thebig topics in Wind Energy
The Connecting Link
Multilevel Governance
- not restricted to one layer of influence
global
non-state
domestic
market
local

5. Yale
School
of
Forestry
&
Environmental
Studies
1
4
2 Topics of the series include
The big topics in Wind Energy
- land use and climate change
- NGO corporate partnerships
- Global governance in the forest sector
- Globalization, consumption and environmental
solutions
- Climate change as a super-wicked problem

6. Yale
School
of
Forestry
&
Environmental
Studies
1
5
2 Interactioninas key component
The big topics Wind Energy
Scientific Knowledge
Practice

7. Yale
School
of
Forestry
&
Environmental
Studies
1
6
2 Two expertsWindeach session
The big topics in in Energy
GEM Scholar Practitioner
Dr. Benjamin Cashore Rony Soerakoesoemah
GEM Advisory Board ASEAN Secretariat

8. Yale
School
of
Forestry
&
Environmental
Studies
1
7
2 How we structure each session
The big topics in Wind Energy
introduction lecture practitioner discussion

9. Yale
School
of
Forestry
&
Environmental
Studies
1
8
2 Post your questions anytime
The big topics in Wind Energy
lecture practitioner discussion
Your question will be collected and prepared for the discussion

10. Yale
School
of
Forestry
&
Environmental
Studies
1
9
2 The big topics in Wind Energy

11. Yale
School
of
Forestry
&
Environmental
Studies
Session # 1 November 20, 2012
Your scholar today:
Professor
Environmental Governance &
Political Science, Yale University
Dr. Benjamin Cashore

12. Yale
School
of
Forestry
&
Environmental
Studies
Session # 1 November 20, 2012
Your practitioner today:
Head of IAI&NDG Division
ASEAN Economic Community
Department
ASEAN Secretariat, Indonesia
Rony Soerakoesoemah

13. Yale
School
of
Forestry
&
Environmental
Studies
Webinar Series Multilevel
Governance

14. Yale
School
of
Forestry
&
Environmental
Studies
Series: How can multilevel governance foster sustainable
Session # 1 November 20, 2012
Webinar
development? Linking knowledge and learning to practicable solutions.
Your scholar today: Professor
Environmental Governance &
Political Science, Yale University
Solving deforestation and degradation
through multi-level learning:
The GEM approach to managing
knowledge for policy in the global area.
Dr. Benjamin Cashore

15. Yale
School
of
Forestry
&
Environmental
Studies
1 GEM Overview
Governance, Environment, and Markets (GEM) Initiative
http://environment.yale.edu/gem
It aims to reorient environmental governance research and
practice
results based problem solving that embraces, rather than
bypasses, multi-level complexity.

16. Yale
School
of
Forestry
&
Environmental
Studies
1 Point of Departure
The last quarter century has witnessed well intended efforts to
address environmental and resource challenges
International Conventions
Biodiversity
Climate
Market mechanisms
Marine Stewardship Council
Round Table on Sustainable Palm Oil
Payments for ecosystems services
REDD+
Multitude of development aid projects

17. Yale
School
of
Forestry
&
Environmental
Studies
1 Despite pockets of success
Most challenges becoming more acute
Fisheries depletion
Deforestation and Degradation
Climate change super wicked problem
Coral reefs
Water scarcity

18. Yale
School
of
Forestry
&
Environmental
Studies
1 Five year attention spans
The result is that we are locked in a vicious cycle
5-8 year attention spans
A new instrument emerges
Lots of excitement, belief this approach will be different
Then frustration at limited impacts
New instrument then emerges to create new excitement
Meanwhile challenges getting more acute

19. Yale
School
of
Forestry
&
Environmental
Studies
1 GEM Project: Focus on creating durable and
effective approaches
Must think more carefully about
Evolution
How to nurture support among stakeholders
Impacts on the ground
Interaction
How to uncover synergies across
Local, national, global
Private/market

20. Yale
School
of
Forestry
&
Environmental
Studies
1 The task: Managing Knowledge for Policy
Foster policy learning among stakeholders
On interaction and evolution
Learning about potential of instruments
Unfolding pathway
Long term effects
Turns from often insufficient compromises among
stakeholders to
Collective problem solving

21. Yale
School
of
Forestry
&
Environmental
Studies
1 Approach
Advisory Board
Network of scholars and practitioners
Five programs linking research to strategy
Forest Policy and Governance
Including work with IUFRO Task Force on
International Forest Governance & GIZ
Private Authority
Climate Policy and Governance
Law, Rights, Environmental Governance
Green Markets Lab (with CBEY)

22. Yale
School
of
Forestry
&
Environmental
Studies
1 The Approach in Practice:
Deforestation and Degradation

23. Yale
School
of
Forestry
&
Environmental
Studies
1 Deforestation
51,1%
11

24. Yale
School
of
Forestry
&
Environmental
Studies
1 Forest Degradation
51,1%
12

25. Yale
School
of
Forestry
&
Environmental
Studies
1 Many International Efforts
International Tropical Timber Organization
Criticized by NGOs as logging charter
Global Forest Convention efforts at Rio
Failed
Global Forest Certification systems
Initial firm reluctance
Now, most industrial forest companies certified in
Europe and North America
Trick is to see how might improve support in tropics

26. Number of hectares under different certification standards
Source: Prepared by Ben Blom, 2009

27. Yale
School
of
Forestry
&
Environmental
Studies
1 The Curious Case of Legality Verification
Gaining widespread support to weed out illegal logging from global
markets
Coalitions opposed previously now working together
US, EU forest companies and environmental groups
Legislation forbidding importing illegal wood
Aid agencies and trade agencies
Targeting poverty alleviation, trade liberalization
Developing country government emerging
As aim is to reinforce sovereignty, not challenge
Capacity building, training
Private third party auditors (who provide assurances of
compliance)

28. Yale
School
of
Forestry
&
Environmental
Studies
1 What to Make of Legality Verification?
Pessimistic door
Modest is best we can do
Optimistic door
Part of ratcheting up evolution process
Synergistic interaction with
Domestic good forest governance initiatives
Might pave the way for forest certification

29. Yale
School
of
Forestry
&
Environmental
Studies
1 Opening the Optimistic Door: Strategic Implications
Must first focus on why support/coalition is so large
Bootleggers and Baptists coalitions
Weeding out illegal supply improves legal operations
Price goes up
NGOs see weeding out some of worst practices

30. Yale
School
of
Forestry
&
Environmental
Studies
1 Opening the Optimistic Door: Strategic Implications
Requirement for cross coalition benefits?
Supply chain tracking
Once supply chain tracking in place
Standards can be increased
In ways that reward companies, not punish
May pave the way for broader market based forest
certification systems
Since lack of supply chain tracking key stumbling
block
Could even trigger consumer consciousness

31. Yale
School
of
Forestry
&
Environmental
Studies
1 Concluding thoughts
If we are correct
Need to link practitioner strategies
Away from short term focus
To longer term nurturing
Interaction and evolution
And this requires expanding time horizons
Especially so if initial modest standards
Might kick start evolutionary process in ways that
big bang single step approaches are unable