B4 03 enzymes and temperature
•Download as PPT, PDF•
0 likes•611 views
This document discusses how temperature affects enzyme activity. It explains that enzymes operate best under optimum conditions, and that increasing temperature can denature, or change the shape of an enzyme's active site so that it no longer functions properly. The document contains images and text exploring how temperature impacts reaction rates and exploring specific examples of organisms with enzymes adapted to various temperatures. It aims to help students investigate and understand how temperature influences cellular processes by affecting enzymatic reactions.
Report
Share
Report
Share
Recommended
B4 11 anaerobic respiration
This document contains images and captions from Oxford University Press that describe and compare aerobic and anaerobic respiration. It discusses where anaerobic respiration occurs, such as in short intense exercises where oxygen delivery cannot meet demand, in germinating seeds and yeast cells when oxygen is limited, and in some bacteria that can only perform anaerobic respiration. The document also contains diagrams of bacterial and yeast cell structure and Venn diagrams comparing aerobic and anaerobic respiration.
B4 12 using anaerobic respiration
The document describes anaerobic respiration, which is respiration that occurs without oxygen. It discusses how yeast cells take in sugars and convert them to ethanol during fermentation. Methanogen bacteria in biogas fermenters also produce methane gas through anaerobic respiration. The key differences between anaerobic respiration in microbes versus humans are that microbes like yeast and bacteria produce different end products through fermentation like ethanol, carbon dioxide, and methane rather than lactic acid in humans.
OCR-B4-Lesson 2 enzymes and pH
This document discusses enzymes and how pH affects their activity. It begins with learning objectives about enzymes and describes them as proteins that speed up chemical reactions using an active site shaped to match reactants. A practical experiment is described where students investigate how different pH levels affect the enzyme catalase breaking down hydrogen peroxide. The results show that enzyme activity is greatest around pH 7 and lower at more extreme pH levels 4 and 9. The document also discusses how enzymes work using a lock-and-key model and how temperature affects biological processes.
Answers to Kinetic Questions
Reactions require collisions between molecules with sufficient energy to break and form bonds. The correct orientation of reacting molecules is also important for products to form. The reaction rate is affected by temperature, concentration, particle size, and inhibitors, with temperature, concentration, and particle size usually increasing the rate and inhibitors decreasing it. A catalyst increases the reaction rate by lowering the activation energy of the reaction mechanism. Gases mix readily at room temperature but lack sufficient energy to react; a flame provides the increased temperature and energy of collisions needed to start the reaction spontaneously.
Biofuel enzymes paragraph
This document discusses how enzymes affect reaction rates. Enzymes are proteins that speed up reactions by bringing reactants together on their surface. An experiment showed reactions had a higher rate with enzymes present and at higher temperatures, as determined by measuring product produced over time.
Factors Affecting Enzyme Activity
The document discusses factors that affect enzyme activity, including concentration of the enzyme and substrate, temperature, pH, and presence of inhibitors or activators. It explains that enzyme activity increases with increasing enzyme and substrate concentration up to a saturation point. It also notes that enzymes have optimal temperatures and pH levels at which they are most active, and outside these ranges their activity decreases. Other factors like metal ions can activate some enzymes.
Energy and physiology
Organisms obtain energy through chemical reactions. Autotrophs like plants produce their own food through photosynthesis, an endothermic reaction that stores energy. Heterotrophs obtain energy by consuming other organisms. All organisms must obtain energy from outside sources according to the first law of thermodynamics. Chemical reactions are catalyzed by enzymes to make them fast enough to support life. Energy is required for synthesis reactions and released by decomposition reactions like cellular respiration. ATP is used to store and transport energy in cells.
B4 09 plants and places
This document discusses how different plants grow in different environments based on factors like light intensity, soil composition, and other organisms. It provides instructions for students to conduct a fieldwork investigation using a quadrat, transect, light meter, and plant identification key to study how the distribution of plants is affected by the amount of light in different areas of a garden. The results of measuring light levels and identifying plants in shady versus sunny areas should be displayed on a kite graph.
Recommended
B4 11 anaerobic respiration
This document contains images and captions from Oxford University Press that describe and compare aerobic and anaerobic respiration. It discusses where anaerobic respiration occurs, such as in short intense exercises where oxygen delivery cannot meet demand, in germinating seeds and yeast cells when oxygen is limited, and in some bacteria that can only perform anaerobic respiration. The document also contains diagrams of bacterial and yeast cell structure and Venn diagrams comparing aerobic and anaerobic respiration.
B4 12 using anaerobic respiration
The document describes anaerobic respiration, which is respiration that occurs without oxygen. It discusses how yeast cells take in sugars and convert them to ethanol during fermentation. Methanogen bacteria in biogas fermenters also produce methane gas through anaerobic respiration. The key differences between anaerobic respiration in microbes versus humans are that microbes like yeast and bacteria produce different end products through fermentation like ethanol, carbon dioxide, and methane rather than lactic acid in humans.
OCR-B4-Lesson 2 enzymes and pH
This document discusses enzymes and how pH affects their activity. It begins with learning objectives about enzymes and describes them as proteins that speed up chemical reactions using an active site shaped to match reactants. A practical experiment is described where students investigate how different pH levels affect the enzyme catalase breaking down hydrogen peroxide. The results show that enzyme activity is greatest around pH 7 and lower at more extreme pH levels 4 and 9. The document also discusses how enzymes work using a lock-and-key model and how temperature affects biological processes.
Answers to Kinetic Questions
Reactions require collisions between molecules with sufficient energy to break and form bonds. The correct orientation of reacting molecules is also important for products to form. The reaction rate is affected by temperature, concentration, particle size, and inhibitors, with temperature, concentration, and particle size usually increasing the rate and inhibitors decreasing it. A catalyst increases the reaction rate by lowering the activation energy of the reaction mechanism. Gases mix readily at room temperature but lack sufficient energy to react; a flame provides the increased temperature and energy of collisions needed to start the reaction spontaneously.
Biofuel enzymes paragraph
This document discusses how enzymes affect reaction rates. Enzymes are proteins that speed up reactions by bringing reactants together on their surface. An experiment showed reactions had a higher rate with enzymes present and at higher temperatures, as determined by measuring product produced over time.
Factors Affecting Enzyme Activity
The document discusses factors that affect enzyme activity, including concentration of the enzyme and substrate, temperature, pH, and presence of inhibitors or activators. It explains that enzyme activity increases with increasing enzyme and substrate concentration up to a saturation point. It also notes that enzymes have optimal temperatures and pH levels at which they are most active, and outside these ranges their activity decreases. Other factors like metal ions can activate some enzymes.
Energy and physiology
Organisms obtain energy through chemical reactions. Autotrophs like plants produce their own food through photosynthesis, an endothermic reaction that stores energy. Heterotrophs obtain energy by consuming other organisms. All organisms must obtain energy from outside sources according to the first law of thermodynamics. Chemical reactions are catalyzed by enzymes to make them fast enough to support life. Energy is required for synthesis reactions and released by decomposition reactions like cellular respiration. ATP is used to store and transport energy in cells.
B4 09 plants and places
This document discusses how different plants grow in different environments based on factors like light intensity, soil composition, and other organisms. It provides instructions for students to conduct a fieldwork investigation using a quadrat, transect, light meter, and plant identification key to study how the distribution of plants is affected by the amount of light in different areas of a garden. The results of measuring light levels and identifying plants in shady versus sunny areas should be displayed on a kite graph.
Photosynthesis summary
Plants perform photosynthesis, a chemical reaction that occurs in chloroplasts and uses chlorophyll to produce glucose and oxygen from carbon dioxide, water, and light energy. Photosynthesis takes place in plant leaves, where carbon dioxide enters and oxygen exits through small openings, while water and minerals are absorbed by the roots. The glucose produced is used by the plant for energy and building new tissues, or is released through respiration.
OCR-B4 01 living processes
The document discusses the basic features and processes of living things, including:
- Movement, respiration, sensing, growth, reproduction, excretion, and nutrition (MRS GREN) as key processes of life.
- These processes allow organisms to obtain nutrients, remove wastes, detect environments, and reproduce.
- Photosynthesis allows green plants to produce their own food through chemical reactions in cells.
B4 10 aerobic respiration
This document provides information about aerobic respiration. It discusses how aerobic respiration provides energy for life processes through the breakdown of foods in cells. Aerobic respiration takes place primarily in the mitochondria of cells. It describes how the energy from respiration is used to synthesize important polymers and molecules like proteins, starch, cellulose, and fats. The document also provides examples of investigations into aerobic respiration and how to measure the energy released from different food sources.
B4 08 photosynthesis- rate-limiting factors
This document discusses factors that limit the rate of photosynthesis, including light intensity. It provides learning outcomes about identifying and explaining limiting factors of photosynthesis and interpreting related data. It prompts considering different conditions and their relation to data collection. It suggests carrying out an activity measuring the effect of light intensity on photosynthesis and collecting data using the independent variable of distance from a light source. Keywords mentioned include photosynthesis, environment, light intensity, and limiting factor.
OCR-B4 04 energy from the sun
This document provides information about photosynthesis including:
1) Photosynthesis is a process that takes place inside plant cells and some microorganisms where light energy from the sun is captured and stored as chemical energy in glucose.
2) Specialized cell structures like chloroplasts are involved in photosynthesis.
3) Glucose produced through photosynthesis is then used to make other important molecules like starch and cellulose.
Enzyme kinetics
Enzymes are proteins that catalyze biochemical reactions and lower their activation energy. Three factors affect the rate of enzyme reactions: temperature, pH, and substrate concentration. Temperature affects reaction rates because higher temperatures increase molecular collisions and velocities. Each enzyme works optimally within a certain temperature range, as extremes can denature the protein. pH also influences structure and activity, as enzymes have an optimal pH range where ionization of amino acids is not altered. Increasing substrate concentration increases reaction rates until the enzymes become saturated, while increasing enzyme concentration also boosts rates until another factor limits the reaction.
enzymes 1.ppt
Enzymes are proteins that act as catalysts to lower the activation energy of biochemical reactions without being consumed in the process. They have a globular structure and contain an active site that allows for specific substrate binding. Some enzymes also require cofactors to function. Enzymes are able to greatly increase reaction rates and are highly specific to their substrates due to the complementary shape and chemistry of their active sites. Reaction conditions like temperature and pH can impact enzyme activity by causing denaturation beyond an optimum range. Inhibitors bind enzymes to reduce their catalytic activity through competitive or non-competitive mechanisms.
11th enzymes
Enzymes are complex protein molecules that act as catalysts for biochemical reactions in living cells. They accelerate reactions without being used up in the process. Enzymes are very specific and only catalyze particular reactions. They function by lowering the activation energy of reactions, allowing more molecules to react at lower energies. The active site of an enzyme fits the substrate like a lock and key, and some enzymes undergo an induced fit change upon substrate binding. Enzyme activity can be affected by factors like pH, temperature, and substrate/enzyme concentration that influence the protein structure.
Enzymes
Enzymes are proteins that catalyze biochemical reactions by lowering the activation energy needed. They have a globular structure and an active site that binds specifically to substrates. Some enzymes require cofactors to function. The lock and key and induced fit hypotheses explain how enzymes bind substrates specifically. Enzyme activity is affected by factors like substrate concentration, pH, temperature, and inhibitors. Inhibitors bind to enzymes and reduce reaction rates, and are used in areas like medicine and biochemistry.
Enzymes
This document provides an introduction and overview of enzymes. It can be summarized in 3 sentences:
Enzymes are protein catalysts that accelerate biochemical reactions in living organisms by lowering their activation energy. They exhibit specificity for particular substrates and reactions. Factors like temperature, pH, concentration of enzymes and substrates, and presence of inhibitors or activators can influence enzyme activity and reaction rates.
Enzymes
Enzymes are protein molecules that speed up biochemical reactions in living organisms. They work as catalysts by lowering the activation energy needed for reactions to occur. Each enzyme has an active site that binds to a specific substrate, facilitating the conversion of that substrate into products. Enzymes are affected by factors like temperature, pH, and substrate concentration, and can become denatured outside their optimal conditions. They play a vital role in metabolism by allowing organisms to extract energy from food.
2 updated prsentation 2 ch8 enzymes lecture presentation manal 2018 no regulaion
This document provides an overview of key concepts in metabolism and enzyme function:
1) Metabolism consists of thousands of chemical reactions in living cells catalyzed by enzymes. Metabolic pathways are organized with specific enzymes catalyzing each step.
2) Catabolic pathways break down molecules and release energy while anabolic pathways use energy to build molecules. Spontaneous reactions require no energy input but enzymes greatly accelerate reactions by lowering their activation energy.
3) Enzymes are highly specific catalytic proteins that use their active sites to orient and strain substrate bonds, lowering the activation energy needed for chemical reactions. The rate of enzyme-catalyzed reactions depends on substrate concentration.
Maintaining a balance
The document discusses how organisms maintain homeostasis by regulating various internal conditions such as temperature, gas concentrations, and pH levels. It explains that plants and animals transport nutrients and gases through bodily fluids and that most organisms function within a limited temperature range. Homeostasis allows organisms to maintain optimal conditions for metabolic processes despite external environmental changes.
08anintroductiontometabolism 130311053344-phpapp01
1. Metabolism transforms matter and energy through chemical reactions within organisms, subject to the laws of thermodynamics. 2. Metabolic pathways are organized into catabolic pathways that break down molecules and release energy, and anabolic pathways that use energy to build molecules. 3. ATP powers cellular work by coupling exergonic reactions like its own hydrolysis to drive endergonic reactions like protein synthesis.
Exam unit 1 review
This document contains notes from an AP Biology class that took place on 08/30/18. The class objectives were to review life science principles and the chemistry of life. Students watched Khan Academy videos on topics including the scientific method, chemical bonds, water as a solvent, and hydrocarbon structures. They were assigned online homework due 08/31/18 on the topics covered.
Enzymes
Enzymes are biological catalysts, mainly proteins, that speed up chemical reactions in organisms. The first enzyme, diastase, was discovered in 1833 by Payen, and in 1897 Buchner found that yeast cells could ferment sugar without being alive. Enzymes work by lowering the activation energy of reactions, bringing substrates together correctly, and forming enzyme-substrate complexes. They are classified based on the type of reaction catalyzed, such as hydrolases which use water or lyases which remove groups non-hydrolytically. Enzymes have many uses including in food processing, detergents, and paper production.
chap8ppt (1).ppt
The document provides an overview of metabolism and energy transformation in cells. It discusses key concepts including:
1) Metabolism transforms matter and energy through chemical reactions catalyzed by enzymes. Metabolic pathways are organized to either release or absorb energy through catabolic and anabolic reactions.
2) ATP powers cellular work by coupling exergonic reactions like ATP hydrolysis to endergonic reactions like biosynthesis. Enzymes lower the activation energy of reactions and speed up metabolic pathways.
3) The first and second laws of thermodynamics govern energy transformations in cells. Free energy changes determine whether reactions are spontaneous. While cells increase disorder, living organisms maintain local reductions in entropy.
Enzim (basic biology) unm
This document is a ratification page for a biology practicum report on the influence of pH on enzyme activity. It provides details of the student who conducted the practicum such as their name, student number, group, and class. It documents that the practicum report was checked and accepted by the assistant coordinator and assistant. The practicum was conducted on November 22nd 2011 from 10am to 12:30pm in the biology laboratory at FMIPA UNM. It involved studying the effect of pH on the activity of the enzyme amylase by adding extracts to solutions with varying pH levels and observing the color changes after heating. The student concluded that enzyme activity is most significant at a neutral pH of around 4.5-4
UNIT-1 Introduction to biotechnology and enzyme immobilisation Brief introduc...
(6th Sem B.Pharma Pharmaceutical Biotechnology)
UNIT-1 Introduction to biotechnology and enzyme immobilization Brief introduction to biotechnology, Enzyme biotechnology- methods of enzyme immobilization and applications, biosensors- working and applications of biosensors in pharmaceutical industries
Enzymes
Enzymes are protein catalysts that speed up metabolic reactions inside cells. They have specific active sites that allow only certain substrate molecules to bind via lock and key interactions. Enzymes can be intracellular, acting inside cells, or extracellular, acting outside cells. Experiments show that enzyme activity is optimized at certain temperatures and pH levels, and outside those ranges enzymes become denatured and lose function. Biological detergents use enzymes that can function at low temperatures, providing environmental advantages over traditional detergents.
The influence (basic biology) unm
This document summarizes a basic biology practicum report on the influence of temperature on organism activity. It was conducted by a student named Jeny ayu hardiah ningrum in December 2011. The practicum involved observing the operculum movement frequency of goldfish (Cyprinus carpio) in warm water and cold water with ice cubes over 5 minutes to determine how temperature affects chemical reactions and activity in the body. The purpose was to compare oxygen usage speeds in different temperatures. The practicum aimed to provide knowledge on how temperature influences organism processes and help with fish care.
More Related Content
Viewers also liked
Photosynthesis summary
Plants perform photosynthesis, a chemical reaction that occurs in chloroplasts and uses chlorophyll to produce glucose and oxygen from carbon dioxide, water, and light energy. Photosynthesis takes place in plant leaves, where carbon dioxide enters and oxygen exits through small openings, while water and minerals are absorbed by the roots. The glucose produced is used by the plant for energy and building new tissues, or is released through respiration.
OCR-B4 01 living processes
The document discusses the basic features and processes of living things, including:
- Movement, respiration, sensing, growth, reproduction, excretion, and nutrition (MRS GREN) as key processes of life.
- These processes allow organisms to obtain nutrients, remove wastes, detect environments, and reproduce.
- Photosynthesis allows green plants to produce their own food through chemical reactions in cells.
B4 10 aerobic respiration
This document provides information about aerobic respiration. It discusses how aerobic respiration provides energy for life processes through the breakdown of foods in cells. Aerobic respiration takes place primarily in the mitochondria of cells. It describes how the energy from respiration is used to synthesize important polymers and molecules like proteins, starch, cellulose, and fats. The document also provides examples of investigations into aerobic respiration and how to measure the energy released from different food sources.
B4 08 photosynthesis- rate-limiting factors
This document discusses factors that limit the rate of photosynthesis, including light intensity. It provides learning outcomes about identifying and explaining limiting factors of photosynthesis and interpreting related data. It prompts considering different conditions and their relation to data collection. It suggests carrying out an activity measuring the effect of light intensity on photosynthesis and collecting data using the independent variable of distance from a light source. Keywords mentioned include photosynthesis, environment, light intensity, and limiting factor.
OCR-B4 04 energy from the sun
This document provides information about photosynthesis including:
1) Photosynthesis is a process that takes place inside plant cells and some microorganisms where light energy from the sun is captured and stored as chemical energy in glucose.
2) Specialized cell structures like chloroplasts are involved in photosynthesis.
3) Glucose produced through photosynthesis is then used to make other important molecules like starch and cellulose.
Viewers also liked (6)
L’apparato digerente (parte 2) - Castronovo Vincent
L’apparato digerente (parte 2) - Castronovo Vincent
Similar to B4 03 enzymes and temperature
Enzyme kinetics
Enzymes are proteins that catalyze biochemical reactions and lower their activation energy. Three factors affect the rate of enzyme reactions: temperature, pH, and substrate concentration. Temperature affects reaction rates because higher temperatures increase molecular collisions and velocities. Each enzyme works optimally within a certain temperature range, as extremes can denature the protein. pH also influences structure and activity, as enzymes have an optimal pH range where ionization of amino acids is not altered. Increasing substrate concentration increases reaction rates until the enzymes become saturated, while increasing enzyme concentration also boosts rates until another factor limits the reaction.
enzymes 1.ppt
Enzymes are proteins that act as catalysts to lower the activation energy of biochemical reactions without being consumed in the process. They have a globular structure and contain an active site that allows for specific substrate binding. Some enzymes also require cofactors to function. Enzymes are able to greatly increase reaction rates and are highly specific to their substrates due to the complementary shape and chemistry of their active sites. Reaction conditions like temperature and pH can impact enzyme activity by causing denaturation beyond an optimum range. Inhibitors bind enzymes to reduce their catalytic activity through competitive or non-competitive mechanisms.
11th enzymes
Enzymes are complex protein molecules that act as catalysts for biochemical reactions in living cells. They accelerate reactions without being used up in the process. Enzymes are very specific and only catalyze particular reactions. They function by lowering the activation energy of reactions, allowing more molecules to react at lower energies. The active site of an enzyme fits the substrate like a lock and key, and some enzymes undergo an induced fit change upon substrate binding. Enzyme activity can be affected by factors like pH, temperature, and substrate/enzyme concentration that influence the protein structure.
Enzymes
Enzymes are proteins that catalyze biochemical reactions by lowering the activation energy needed. They have a globular structure and an active site that binds specifically to substrates. Some enzymes require cofactors to function. The lock and key and induced fit hypotheses explain how enzymes bind substrates specifically. Enzyme activity is affected by factors like substrate concentration, pH, temperature, and inhibitors. Inhibitors bind to enzymes and reduce reaction rates, and are used in areas like medicine and biochemistry.
Enzymes
This document provides an introduction and overview of enzymes. It can be summarized in 3 sentences:
Enzymes are protein catalysts that accelerate biochemical reactions in living organisms by lowering their activation energy. They exhibit specificity for particular substrates and reactions. Factors like temperature, pH, concentration of enzymes and substrates, and presence of inhibitors or activators can influence enzyme activity and reaction rates.
Enzymes
Enzymes are protein molecules that speed up biochemical reactions in living organisms. They work as catalysts by lowering the activation energy needed for reactions to occur. Each enzyme has an active site that binds to a specific substrate, facilitating the conversion of that substrate into products. Enzymes are affected by factors like temperature, pH, and substrate concentration, and can become denatured outside their optimal conditions. They play a vital role in metabolism by allowing organisms to extract energy from food.
2 updated prsentation 2 ch8 enzymes lecture presentation manal 2018 no regulaion
This document provides an overview of key concepts in metabolism and enzyme function:
1) Metabolism consists of thousands of chemical reactions in living cells catalyzed by enzymes. Metabolic pathways are organized with specific enzymes catalyzing each step.
2) Catabolic pathways break down molecules and release energy while anabolic pathways use energy to build molecules. Spontaneous reactions require no energy input but enzymes greatly accelerate reactions by lowering their activation energy.
3) Enzymes are highly specific catalytic proteins that use their active sites to orient and strain substrate bonds, lowering the activation energy needed for chemical reactions. The rate of enzyme-catalyzed reactions depends on substrate concentration.
Maintaining a balance
The document discusses how organisms maintain homeostasis by regulating various internal conditions such as temperature, gas concentrations, and pH levels. It explains that plants and animals transport nutrients and gases through bodily fluids and that most organisms function within a limited temperature range. Homeostasis allows organisms to maintain optimal conditions for metabolic processes despite external environmental changes.
08anintroductiontometabolism 130311053344-phpapp01
1. Metabolism transforms matter and energy through chemical reactions within organisms, subject to the laws of thermodynamics. 2. Metabolic pathways are organized into catabolic pathways that break down molecules and release energy, and anabolic pathways that use energy to build molecules. 3. ATP powers cellular work by coupling exergonic reactions like its own hydrolysis to drive endergonic reactions like protein synthesis.
Exam unit 1 review
This document contains notes from an AP Biology class that took place on 08/30/18. The class objectives were to review life science principles and the chemistry of life. Students watched Khan Academy videos on topics including the scientific method, chemical bonds, water as a solvent, and hydrocarbon structures. They were assigned online homework due 08/31/18 on the topics covered.
Enzymes
Enzymes are biological catalysts, mainly proteins, that speed up chemical reactions in organisms. The first enzyme, diastase, was discovered in 1833 by Payen, and in 1897 Buchner found that yeast cells could ferment sugar without being alive. Enzymes work by lowering the activation energy of reactions, bringing substrates together correctly, and forming enzyme-substrate complexes. They are classified based on the type of reaction catalyzed, such as hydrolases which use water or lyases which remove groups non-hydrolytically. Enzymes have many uses including in food processing, detergents, and paper production.
chap8ppt (1).ppt
The document provides an overview of metabolism and energy transformation in cells. It discusses key concepts including:
1) Metabolism transforms matter and energy through chemical reactions catalyzed by enzymes. Metabolic pathways are organized to either release or absorb energy through catabolic and anabolic reactions.
2) ATP powers cellular work by coupling exergonic reactions like ATP hydrolysis to endergonic reactions like biosynthesis. Enzymes lower the activation energy of reactions and speed up metabolic pathways.
3) The first and second laws of thermodynamics govern energy transformations in cells. Free energy changes determine whether reactions are spontaneous. While cells increase disorder, living organisms maintain local reductions in entropy.
Enzim (basic biology) unm
This document is a ratification page for a biology practicum report on the influence of pH on enzyme activity. It provides details of the student who conducted the practicum such as their name, student number, group, and class. It documents that the practicum report was checked and accepted by the assistant coordinator and assistant. The practicum was conducted on November 22nd 2011 from 10am to 12:30pm in the biology laboratory at FMIPA UNM. It involved studying the effect of pH on the activity of the enzyme amylase by adding extracts to solutions with varying pH levels and observing the color changes after heating. The student concluded that enzyme activity is most significant at a neutral pH of around 4.5-4
UNIT-1 Introduction to biotechnology and enzyme immobilisation Brief introduc...
(6th Sem B.Pharma Pharmaceutical Biotechnology)
UNIT-1 Introduction to biotechnology and enzyme immobilization Brief introduction to biotechnology, Enzyme biotechnology- methods of enzyme immobilization and applications, biosensors- working and applications of biosensors in pharmaceutical industries
Enzymes
Enzymes are protein catalysts that speed up metabolic reactions inside cells. They have specific active sites that allow only certain substrate molecules to bind via lock and key interactions. Enzymes can be intracellular, acting inside cells, or extracellular, acting outside cells. Experiments show that enzyme activity is optimized at certain temperatures and pH levels, and outside those ranges enzymes become denatured and lose function. Biological detergents use enzymes that can function at low temperatures, providing environmental advantages over traditional detergents.
The influence (basic biology) unm
This document summarizes a basic biology practicum report on the influence of temperature on organism activity. It was conducted by a student named Jeny ayu hardiah ningrum in December 2011. The practicum involved observing the operculum movement frequency of goldfish (Cyprinus carpio) in warm water and cold water with ice cubes over 5 minutes to determine how temperature affects chemical reactions and activity in the body. The purpose was to compare oxygen usage speeds in different temperatures. The practicum aimed to provide knowledge on how temperature influences organism processes and help with fish care.
Nas Enzymes Lesson 2
This document discusses enzymes and the factors that affect their activity. It defines enzymes as biological catalysts that speed up chemical reactions without being used up in the process. It describes key properties of enzymes, including that they work specifically, function best at optimal temperatures and pH, and may require co-enzymes. It outlines factors like temperature, pH, enzyme and substrate concentrations that influence enzyme activity. It also provides examples and activities to illustrate enzyme behavior.
Enzymes
1. The document discusses enzymes, including their classification, properties, and factors that affect their activity.
2. Enzymes are classified according to the reaction they catalyze and include oxidoreductases, transferases, hydrolases, lyases, isomerases, and ligases. Their activity is dependent on temperature, pH, substrate concentration, and can be affected by denaturation.
3. Enzymes are protein catalysts that speed up biochemical reactions and lower the activation energy needed without being used up in the process. They have high substrate specificity and work through the formation of enzyme-substrate complexes.
Ch 8: Introduction to Metabolism
The document provides an overview of metabolism and energy transformations in cells. It discusses how (1) cells extract and use energy to perform work through thousands of chemical reactions organized into metabolic pathways, (2) the laws of thermodynamics govern energy transformations with energy being conserved but entropy increasing, and (3) ATP powers cellular work by coupling exergonic reactions like its hydrolysis to endergonic reactions like transport or synthesis through energy transfer.
Enzymes - A complete introduction and applications
Enzymes are macromolecular biological catalysts. Enzymes accelerate, or catalyze, chemical reactions. The molecules at the beginning of the process are called substrates and the enzyme converts these into different molecules, called products.
This section has been prepared by Worthington Biochemical Corporation as a practical
introduction to enzymology. Because of its close involvement over the years in the theoretical
as well as the practical aspects of enzymology, Worthington's knowledge covers a broad
spectrum of the subject. Some of this information has been assembled here for the benefit of
laboratory personnel.
Similar to B4 03 enzymes and temperature (20)
2 updated prsentation 2 ch8 enzymes lecture presentation manal 2018 no regulaion
2 updated prsentation 2 ch8 enzymes lecture presentation manal 2018 no regulaion
08anintroductiontometabolism 130311053344-phpapp01
08anintroductiontometabolism 130311053344-phpapp01
UNIT-1 Introduction to biotechnology and enzyme immobilisation Brief introduc...
UNIT-1 Introduction to biotechnology and enzyme immobilisation Brief introduc...
Enzymes - A complete introduction and applications
Enzymes - A complete introduction and applications
More from Traceywithane
Ellie too the beginning
Terry began work on their magnum opus called "Ellie Too" which required some initial work. The project showed potential but needed improvements as it caused splinters. After more work, the project included a sleeping area and seating but was ready for further renovations.
B4 keywords
B4- all keywords, you should be able to define and use these words in the correct context- learn the spelling!
B4 06-2 h investigating osmosis
This document provides information about investigating the process of osmosis in plant tissues through experimentation. It discusses using potato slices or cylinders as model plant cells and measuring their change in mass when placed in water or sugary solutions. The document also describes how osmosis causes water to move across the partially permeable cell membranes from areas of higher water concentration to lower. Images show diagrams of this process and photos of a plant before and after being deprived of water to demonstrate osmosis effects on plant structures. Guidance is provided on setting up experiments to observe osmosis and interpreting results.
B4 07-nitrates and active transport
This document discusses the nitrogen cycle and how plants uptake nitrate ions from the soil through their roots. It explains that plants need nitrogen to make amino acids and proteins. Nitrogen enters the soil through fertilizers or by being fixed by bacteria that live symbiotically with legume plants. The document then describes how root cells are specialized to absorb nitrate ions from the soil through active transport, using energy to transport the ions against their concentration gradient into the root hair cells. It provides diagrams of root structures and the process of active transport. Students are assigned a homework task to research and write about legume plants.
B4 learning outcomes (2)
This document outlines 12 learning outcomes that a student needs to achieve to attain good marks in their GCSE exam. The learning outcomes cover topics including the basic processes of life, the role and effects of enzymes, photosynthesis, gas exchange through diffusion and osmosis, active transport of nutrients in plants, factors that limit the rate of photosynthesis, investigating photosynthesis through experiments, aerobic respiration, comparing aerobic and anaerobic respiration, and the process of anaerobic respiration. The student is advised to learn the key words for each lesson and be able to use them in explanations and descriptions.
B4 05 OCR-H-gas exchange
B4-05 processes of life, lesson 5, contains keywords and content for this Biology lesson. Useful for revision!
Lesson 5 control of heart rate in humans me
The document summarizes the control of heart rate in humans. It discusses how the sympathetic and parasympathetic nervous systems work with the cardiovascular center in the medulla oblongata to control heart rate. The cardiovascular center receives input from pressure, chemo, stretch, and thermo receptors and sends signals along the accelerator and vagus nerves to increase or decrease heart rate. It also discusses how the hormone adrenaline influences heart rate by binding to receptors on heart muscle cells.
Control of heart rate
The document discusses how the nervous system and hormonal system modify the heart rate to meet the body's demands. The nervous system controls heart rate through the sympathetic and parasympathetic nerves. The sympathetic nerves increase heart rate during exercise or stress while the parasympathetic nerves decrease it during rest. The hormonal system also increases heart rate through the hormone adrenaline.
More from Traceywithane (8)
Recently uploaded
ANATOMY AND BIOMECHANICS OF HIP JOINT.pdf
it describes the bony anatomy including the femoral head , acetabulum, labrum . also discusses the capsule , ligaments . muscle that act on the hip joint and the range of motion are outlined. factors affecting hip joint stability and weight transmission through the joint are summarized.
Chapter wise All Notes of First year Basic Civil Engineering.pptx
Chapter wise All Notes of First year Basic Civil Engineering
Syllabus
Chapter-1
Introduction to objective, scope and outcome the subject
Chapter 2
Introduction: Scope and Specialization of Civil Engineering, Role of civil Engineer in Society, Impact of infrastructural development on economy of country.
Chapter 3
Surveying: Object Principles & Types of Surveying; Site Plans, Plans & Maps; Scales & Unit of different Measurements.
Linear Measurements: Instruments used. Linear Measurement by Tape, Ranging out Survey Lines and overcoming Obstructions; Measurements on sloping ground; Tape corrections, conventional symbols. Angular Measurements: Instruments used; Introduction to Compass Surveying, Bearings and Longitude & Latitude of a Line, Introduction to total station.
Levelling: Instrument used Object of levelling, Methods of levelling in brief, and Contour maps.
Chapter 4
Buildings: Selection of site for Buildings, Layout of Building Plan, Types of buildings, Plinth area, carpet area, floor space index, Introduction to building byelaws, concept of sun light & ventilation. Components of Buildings & their functions, Basic concept of R.C.C., Introduction to types of foundation
Chapter 5
Transportation: Introduction to Transportation Engineering; Traffic and Road Safety: Types and Characteristics of Various Modes of Transportation; Various Road Traffic Signs, Causes of Accidents and Road Safety Measures.
Chapter 6
Environmental Engineering: Environmental Pollution, Environmental Acts and Regulations, Functional Concepts of Ecology, Basics of Species, Biodiversity, Ecosystem, Hydrological Cycle; Chemical Cycles: Carbon, Nitrogen & Phosphorus; Energy Flow in Ecosystems.
Water Pollution: Water Quality standards, Introduction to Treatment & Disposal of Waste Water. Reuse and Saving of Water, Rain Water Harvesting. Solid Waste Management: Classification of Solid Waste, Collection, Transportation and Disposal of Solid. Recycling of Solid Waste: Energy Recovery, Sanitary Landfill, On-Site Sanitation. Air & Noise Pollution: Primary and Secondary air pollutants, Harmful effects of Air Pollution, Control of Air Pollution. . Noise Pollution Harmful Effects of noise pollution, control of noise pollution, Global warming & Climate Change, Ozone depletion, Greenhouse effect
Text Books:
1. Palancharmy, Basic Civil Engineering, McGraw Hill publishers.
2. Satheesh Gopi, Basic Civil Engineering, Pearson Publishers.
3. Ketki Rangwala Dalal, Essentials of Civil Engineering, Charotar Publishing House.
4. BCP, Surveying volume 1
Hindi varnamala | hindi alphabet PPT.pdf
हिंदी वर्णमाला पीपीटी, hindi alphabet PPT presentation, hindi varnamala PPT, Hindi Varnamala pdf, हिंदी स्वर, हिंदी व्यंजन, sikhiye hindi varnmala, dr. mulla adam ali, hindi language and literature, hindi alphabet with drawing, hindi alphabet pdf, hindi varnamala for childrens, hindi language, hindi varnamala practice for kids, https://www.drmullaadamali.com
Traditional Musical Instruments of Arunachal Pradesh and Uttar Pradesh - RAYH...
Traditional Musical Instruments of Arunachal Pradesh and Uttar Pradesh
ISO/IEC 27001, ISO/IEC 42001, and GDPR: Best Practices for Implementation and...
Denis is a dynamic and results-driven Chief Information Officer (CIO) with a distinguished career spanning information systems analysis and technical project management. With a proven track record of spearheading the design and delivery of cutting-edge Information Management solutions, he has consistently elevated business operations, streamlined reporting functions, and maximized process efficiency.
Certified as an ISO/IEC 27001: Information Security Management Systems (ISMS) Lead Implementer, Data Protection Officer, and Cyber Risks Analyst, Denis brings a heightened focus on data security, privacy, and cyber resilience to every endeavor.
His expertise extends across a diverse spectrum of reporting, database, and web development applications, underpinned by an exceptional grasp of data storage and virtualization technologies. His proficiency in application testing, database administration, and data cleansing ensures seamless execution of complex projects.
What sets Denis apart is his comprehensive understanding of Business and Systems Analysis technologies, honed through involvement in all phases of the Software Development Lifecycle (SDLC). From meticulous requirements gathering to precise analysis, innovative design, rigorous development, thorough testing, and successful implementation, he has consistently delivered exceptional results.
Throughout his career, he has taken on multifaceted roles, from leading technical project management teams to owning solutions that drive operational excellence. His conscientious and proactive approach is unwavering, whether he is working independently or collaboratively within a team. His ability to connect with colleagues on a personal level underscores his commitment to fostering a harmonious and productive workplace environment.
Date: May 29, 2024
Tags: Information Security, ISO/IEC 27001, ISO/IEC 42001, Artificial Intelligence, GDPR
-------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Find out more about ISO training and certification services
Training: ISO/IEC 27001 Information Security Management System - EN | PECB
ISO/IEC 42001 Artificial Intelligence Management System - EN | PECB
General Data Protection Regulation (GDPR) - Training Courses - EN | PECB
Webinars: https://pecb.com/webinars
Article: https://pecb.com/article
-------------------------------------------------------------------------------
For more information about PECB:
Website: https://pecb.com/
LinkedIn: https://www.linkedin.com/company/pecb/
Facebook: https://www.facebook.com/PECBInternational/
Slideshare: http://www.slideshare.net/PECBCERTIFICATION
How to Create a More Engaging and Human Online Learning Experience
How to Create a More Engaging and Human Online Learning Experience Wahiba Chair Training & Consulting
Wahiba Chair's Talk at the 2024 Learning Ideas Conference. Main Java[All of the Base Concepts}.docx
This is part 1 of my Java Learning Journey. This Contains Custom methods, classes, constructors, packages, multithreading , try- catch block, finally block and more.
BÀI TẬP BỔ TRỢ TIẾNG ANH 8 CẢ NĂM - GLOBAL SUCCESS - NĂM HỌC 2023-2024 (CÓ FI...
BÀI TẬP BỔ TRỢ TIẾNG ANH 8 CẢ NĂM - GLOBAL SUCCESS - NĂM HỌC 2023-2024 (CÓ FI...Nguyen Thanh Tu Collection
https://app.box.com/s/y977uz6bpd3af4qsebv7r9b7s21935vdHow to Setup Warehouse & Location in Odoo 17 Inventory
In this slide, we'll explore how to set up warehouses and locations in Odoo 17 Inventory. This will help us manage our stock effectively, track inventory levels, and streamline warehouse operations.
Pengantar Penggunaan Flutter - Dart programming language1.pptx
Pengantar Penggunaan Flutter - Dart programming language1.pptx
BÀI TẬP BỔ TRỢ TIẾNG ANH LỚP 9 CẢ NĂM - GLOBAL SUCCESS - NĂM HỌC 2024-2025 - ...
BÀI TẬP BỔ TRỢ TIẾNG ANH LỚP 9 CẢ NĂM - GLOBAL SUCCESS - NĂM HỌC 2024-2025 - ...Nguyen Thanh Tu Collection
https://app.box.com/s/tacvl9ekroe9hqupdnjruiypvm9rdaneRecently uploaded (20)
Liberal Approach to the Study of Indian Politics.pdf
Liberal Approach to the Study of Indian Politics.pdf
Film vocab for eal 3 students: Australia the movie
Film vocab for eal 3 students: Australia the movie
Chapter wise All Notes of First year Basic Civil Engineering.pptx
Chapter wise All Notes of First year Basic Civil Engineering.pptx
spot a liar (Haiqa 146).pptx Technical writhing and presentation skills
spot a liar (Haiqa 146).pptx Technical writhing and presentation skills
IGCSE Biology Chapter 14- Reproduction in Plants.pdf
IGCSE Biology Chapter 14- Reproduction in Plants.pdf
Traditional Musical Instruments of Arunachal Pradesh and Uttar Pradesh - RAYH...
Traditional Musical Instruments of Arunachal Pradesh and Uttar Pradesh - RAYH...
ISO/IEC 27001, ISO/IEC 42001, and GDPR: Best Practices for Implementation and...
ISO/IEC 27001, ISO/IEC 42001, and GDPR: Best Practices for Implementation and...
How to Create a More Engaging and Human Online Learning Experience
How to Create a More Engaging and Human Online Learning Experience
BÀI TẬP BỔ TRỢ TIẾNG ANH 8 CẢ NĂM - GLOBAL SUCCESS - NĂM HỌC 2023-2024 (CÓ FI...
BÀI TẬP BỔ TRỢ TIẾNG ANH 8 CẢ NĂM - GLOBAL SUCCESS - NĂM HỌC 2023-2024 (CÓ FI...
How to Setup Warehouse & Location in Odoo 17 Inventory
How to Setup Warehouse & Location in Odoo 17 Inventory
Pengantar Penggunaan Flutter - Dart programming language1.pptx
Pengantar Penggunaan Flutter - Dart programming language1.pptx
BÀI TẬP BỔ TRỢ TIẾNG ANH LỚP 9 CẢ NĂM - GLOBAL SUCCESS - NĂM HỌC 2024-2025 - ...
BÀI TẬP BỔ TRỢ TIẾNG ANH LỚP 9 CẢ NĂM - GLOBAL SUCCESS - NĂM HỌC 2024-2025 - ...
B4 03 enzymes and temperature
- 1. IB4.3.2H Images Enzymes and temperature •Describe how temperature affects enzyme action •H: explain changes in enzyme activity with pH in terms of changes to the shape of the active site explain why enzymes operate best in their optimum conditions Keywords- Denature, enzyme, optimum, active site, lock and key model, © Oxford University Press 2011
- 2. IB4.3.2H Images Why plants do not grow much in the winter (in the UK)? Ideas may include less light and so less photosynthesis and lower temperatures. This lesson will investigate how temperature can affect how well cells function. This ultimately depends on the enzymes that catalyse chemical reactions inside cells © Oxford University Press 2011
- 3. IB4.3.2H Images What is the name of chemicals that control chemical reactions in cells ________ and what they are made of _________ Egg white is protein – high temperatures have a significant effect on the structure of most proteins © Oxford University Press 2011
- 4. IB4.3.2H Images Review homework questions. Note: if you had more difficulty with the questions. There is an opportunity to work with them during the next group activity. © Oxford University Press 2011
- 5. IB4.3.2H Images Animation IB4.2.4 Enzymes (part two) to investigate what happens to the reaction when the temperature is increased. complete Activity AB4.3.1 Enzymes and temperature © Oxford University Press 2011
- 6. IB4.3.2H Images ‘Icefish’ such as Antarctic cod are active at 2°C because their enzymes work best at low temperatures. Most organisms would be dead or very sluggish at 2°C. © Oxford University Press 2011
- 7. IB4.3.2H Images How an enzyme reaction can be stopped by a rise in temperature. A change is shape of the active site, the molecule no longer fits! © Oxford University Press 2011
- 8. IB4.3.2H Images Bacteria living in hot springs have enzymes that withstand high temperatures. © Oxford University Press 2011
- 9. IB4.3.2H Images The optimum temperature of an enzyme. The reaction rate is plotted at different temperatures – all other conditions are kept constant © Oxford University Press 2011
- 10. IB4.3.2H Images The enzyme used in this reaction has an optimum pH of 7.0 © Oxford University Press 2011
- 11. IB4.3.2H Images :Look back through your work the worksheet enzymes and temperature. Here we used an animation to predict what would happen to the collisions, speed and oxygen output when the temperature changed. © Oxford University Press 2011
Editor's Notes
- ‘ Ice fish’ such as Antarctic cod are active at 2°C because their enzymes work best at low temperatures. Most organisms would be dead or very sluggish at 2°C. Rick Price/Corbis
- How an enzyme reaction can be stopped by a rise in temperature.
- Bacteria living in hot springs have enzymes that withstand high temperatures. Simon Fraser/Science Photo Library
- The optimum temperature of an enzyme. The reaction rate is plotted at different temperatures – all other conditions are kept constant.
- The enzyme used in this reaction has an optimum pH of 7.0.