WHO on Air Quality and the Role of Air Quality Monitors

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The World Health Organisation has released new guidelines for safe breathing air. WHO suggested that 5 micrograms per cubic meter is the new standard for every country to achieve. However, it was shocking to learn that not a single country in the world falls within the standard. With the deteriorating quality of air in many countries, it is important now more than ever to keep track of the air that we breathe. Maintaining a repository system that tracks the air quality by deploying an accurate and affordable air quality monitoring system on a real-time basis is essential. It can help us to be sure that the air quality we breathe is within acceptable standards.

Environment

WHO on air quality and
the role of Air Quality
Monitors
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WHO on air quality and the role of Air Quality Monitors

© Oizom Instruments PVT LTD
www.oizom.com | hello@oizom.com
● It was noted that not a single country in the
world met the WHO guidelines on Air quality
that is safe to breathe. Around 90% of the
world’s population has been breathing in
polluted air.
● With the deteriorating quality of air in many
countries, it is important to track of the air
that we breathe.
● This is one of the reasons smart cities,
campuses and Industrial units invest in an air
quality monitoring system.
● It can help us to be sure that the air quality
we breathe is within acceptable standards.
WHO on air quality and the role of Air Quality Monitors
Introduction
Air pollution is the cause of 4.2 million
deaths every year – World Health
Organisation
”
“

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The World Health Organisation has released new
guidelines on air quality that is considered safe to
breathe. The WHO recommends that average
annual readings of small and hazardous airborne
particles belonging to the category of PM2.5 should
not be more than 5 micrograms per cubic metre
(μg/m3).
WHO on air quality and the role of Air Quality Monitors
WHO GUIDELINES ON
AIR QUALITY

Nitrogen Dioxide – NO2
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WHO on air quality and the role of Air Quality Monitors
Revised List on Key
Pollutants
Sulfur Dioxide – S02
Ozone – O3
Particulate
matter(PM 2.5
&PM10)

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WHO on air quality and the role of Air Quality Monitors
Meeting the WHO
guidelines
Some scientists and experts are optimistic that
it is possible to achieve such a feat.
Governments across the world have made
policies to help them accomplish the WHO
standards.
However, it takes a lot of time and effort to
improve a country’s air quality. State policies
and the execution of such policies will matter a
great deal in achieving these goals.
Is it possible to obtain the WHO guidelines on
having 5.0 micrograms per cubic meter in our
air?

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WHO on air quality and the role of Air Quality Monitors
The governmental policies to
reduce air pollution include
the National Clean Air
Program (NCAP), 2019. This
program aims to cut down
pollution levels in more than
100 cities by 20-30% by 2024.
Country specific Targets
INDIA United States
EUROPE
The US Environmental
Protection Agency (EPA) has
incorporated the Clean Air Act
1970 since its establishment.
This has helped the US
government to reduce the air
pollution levels along with
keeping up with the
economic growth.
The council of the European
Union has made many strides
in drafting policies that help
reduce air pollution. The
improvements made however
still do not match the
standards set by WHO.

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WHO on air quality and the role of Air Quality Monitors
Role of air quality
monitors
In order to check if the WHO standards are met, a number of Smart cities, Industrial areas, and
even smart campuses have invested in a real-time monitoring Air quality system.
• Notifying the authorities of any
kind of hazardous particles in the
air, dust, and even any particle-
specific component.
• To study the pollution levels or the
air quality.
• To ensure citizens of safe breathing
air quality standards.
Air Quality monitors help in:

© Oizom Instruments PVT LTD
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● Oizom has dedicated its mission to alert people
on the quality of air on a real-time basis. This is
so that the people can initiate actions that best
suit them to achieve clean air.
● Oizom has a range of monitors, each designed
to sustain any environmental challenge where
air monitoring is crucial.
● Oizom ensures accurate data collection of the
air particulates on a real-time basis.
Additionally, deploying an Industrial air quality
monitoring system in polluting industries or
areas nearby can ensure toxic-free air for
humans.
WHO on air quality and the role of Air Quality Monitors
Oizom’s contribution

The last few decades mark rapid industrialization and urbanization around the world. With that, the demand for energy, transportation, and infrastructure development has skyrocketed. A number of studies have shown the detrimental effects of air pollution on human health and well-being. Among all the air pollutants, particulate matter (PM) pollution is of particular concern. Particulate matter (PM) is further classified into PM2.5 and PM10, based upon their particle diameter. However, various researches have shown that we still do not have enough PM2.5 and PM10 monitors to create a representative picture of PM pollution. Due to their very small size, they can penetrate deep in the lungs and can also mix with the bloodstream. Chronic exposure to such a high level of particulate matter concentration is conducive to various cardiovascular and pulmonary diseases. The number of PM2.5 and PM10 monitors has increased in the past few years to accurately monitor particulate concentration. WHY WE MONITOR PM2.5 AND PM10 You must have encountered this question about why we specifically monitor PM2.5 and PM10. In order to understand that, first we must address what is particulate matter and how it is measured. According to USEPA, particulate matter (or commonly referred to as PM), is a mixture of solid particles and liquid droplets found in the air. Some particles like dust and dirt are clearly visible with the naked eye and some are so small that they can only be observed with a microscope. Together they are responsible for all the particulate pollution that we experience every day. The health effects of microscopic particulate matter (PM) depends upon their particle diameter and that’s why they are further classified as PM2.5 and PM10. PM10 and PM2.5 have less than an effective aerodynamic diameter of 10 micrometers and 2.5 micrometers respectively. All types of combustion activities including vehicular emission and forest fires are a major source of particulate matter (PM).

PM2.5 and PM10 monitors: Importance and application in air quality monitoring

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The last few decades mark rapid industrialization and urbanization around the world. With that, the demand for energy, transportation, and infrastructure development has skyrocketed. WHY WE MONITOR PM2.5 AND PM10 You must have encountered this question about why we specifically monitor PM2.5 and PM10. In order to understand that, first we must address what is particulate matter and how it is measured. According to USEPA, particulate matter (or commonly referred to as PM), is a mixture of solid particles and liquid droplets found in the air. Some particles like dust and dirt are clearly visible with the naked eye and some are so small that they can only be observed with a microscope. Together they are responsible for all the particulate pollution that we experience every day. The health effects of microscopic particulate matter (PM) depend upon their particle diameter and that’s why they are further classified as PM2.5 and PM10. PM2.5 and PM10 MONITORS TO REDUCE POLLUTION EXPOSURE Day-to-day activities result in the majority of PM2.5 and PM10 emission which makes PM pollution a global issue. It is corroborated with a study carried out by the World Health Organization (WHO). It states that 9 out of 10 people worldwide breathe air containing high levels of particulate pollutants. As a result, air pollution (particularly PM2.5 and PM10) attributes to 7 million premature deaths worldwide. Out of which, 1.2 million Indians lost their lives prematurely according to the Global Burden of Disease Study 2015. This translates to global economic losses of US$ 3 trillion according to the OECD Report, of which India bear US$ 150 billion in monetary losses, according to Greenpeace Southeast Asia report. Oizom’s Dustroid, a dust monitoring device, specifically measures high particulate pollution loads experienced at mining and construction sites. Oizom’s Polludrone measures gaseous pollutants along with particulate pollutants (PM1, PM2.5, PM10). Both the PM monitors also measure meteorological parameters such as temperature, humidity, wind speed, and wind direction. OIZOM’s devices provide high-quality monitoring data at an economical cost. Further data integration with various platforms results in the generation of dynamic pollution maps. OIZOM’s PM monitors are a perfect choice for monitoring PM2.5 and PM10 concentration at airports, roads and highways, and underground facilities such as tunnels and parking lots. Supplementary details on how to select a monitoring location can be found in OIZOM’s Whitepaper on location selection.

The evolution of air quality monitoring systems

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Full whitepaper here: https://oizom.com/white-papers/evolution-of-ambient-air-quality-monitoring-systems/ Air pollution has been a rising concern due to rapid urbanization, increasing population, industrialization. The World Health Organization (WHO) report states that 90% of the people around the world breathe polluted air. To curb air pollution proper planning and mitigation strategies are required. Air quality monitoring is the first most important step in mitigation. It helps in knowing and understanding the existing air quality. Based on the results of the ambient air monitoring further mitigative and preventive solutions are proposed. Ambient air monitoring can be carried out using manual stations or automatic stations. Traditional manual stations go through a tedious process of manual sampling, chemical analysis, etc. It also generates erroneous data and fails to give continuous results. The detailed advantages and drawbacks of these systems are discussed in this paper. Robust ambient air monitoring is required to plan and execute mitigation strategies. From the first generation, High Volume Air Sampler to the latest low-cost sensors air quality monitoring systems has completely revolutionized. The first generation instrument fails in providing a representative air quality for a given region. Ambient air quality monitoring systems have evolved with time to overcome the drawbacks of its predecessor. The second and third-generation stations are viz. CAAQMS and Low-cost sensor-based monitors. The new generation monitoring systems ensure better spatiotemporal resolution and provide real-time data. Each monitoring system has its own advantages and disadvantages. Due to cheaper capital cost and high functionality, users are more inclined towards low-cost sensors. This paper explains the evolution of ambient air quality monitoring stations with time and technology. It covers the working principle, advantages, disadvantages, cost, and comparison of the new generation monitoring devices. It further covers the future of these devices based on the work and research carried out by the different government and research institutions around the world.

Evolution of Ambient Air Quality Monitoring Systems

Oizom

Air pollution has been a rising concern due to rapid urbanization, increasing population, industrialization. The World Health Organization (WHO) report states that 90% of the people around the world breathe polluted air. To curb air pollution proper planning and mitigation strategies are required. Ambient air quality monitoring is the first most important step in mitigation. It helps in knowing and understanding the existing condition of the ambient air. Based on the results of the ambient air monitoring further mitigative and preventive solutions are proposed. Ambient air monitoring can be carried out using manual stations or automatic stations. Traditional manual stations go through a tedious process of manual sampling, chemical analysis, etc. It also generates erroneous data and fails to give continuous results. The detailed advantages and drawbacks of this ambient air quality monitoring devices are discussed in this paper. Robust ambient air monitoring is required to plan and execute the mitigation strategies. The first generation ambient air quality monitoring station fails in providing a representative air quality for a given region. Ambient air quality monitoring systems have evolved with time to overcome the drawbacks of its predecessor. The second and third generation stations are viz. Continuous Ambient Air Monitoring Stations (CAAQMS) and Low-cost sensor-based stations. The new generation monitoring systems ensure better spatiotemporal resolution and provide real-time data. Each monitoring system has its own advantages and disadvantages. Due to cheaper capital cost and high functionality, users are more inclined towards low-cost sensors. This paper explains the evolution of ambient air quality monitoring stations with time and technology. It covers the working principle, advantages, disadvantages, cost and comparison of the new generation monitoring stations. It further covers the future of the ambient air quality monitoring devices based on the work and research carried out by different government and research institutions around the world.

Air quality forecasting

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It is now a well-established fact that exposure to poor air quality leads to serious health conditions. This impact can be minimized by reducing our exposure to air pollution. We can do this by leveraging the latest technology which is available to us. One of the best ways of doing that is forecasting air quality in our cities. With the availability of sophisticated data analysis techniques and access to required computational resources, we have all the components necessary for forecasting air quality. All we need is good quality input data to generate accurate forecasts.

A guide to effective selection of Air Quality Monitors

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The selection of air quality monitors plays an elemental role in preparing preventive and protective action plans on regional as well as global scales. OIZOM’s proprietary ‘e-breathing technology’ ensures higher accuracy. It provides meteorological data such as wind speed, wind direction, rainfall, flood levels, and visibility along with pollutant levels. Such a holistic approach yields superior data in terms of both consistency and quality. The e-breathing technology further eradicates external environmental disturbances to the process. This results in a 13% higher accuracy compared to industry standards.

The last few decades mark rapid industrialization and urbanization around the world. With that, the demand for energy, transportation, and infrastructure development has skyrocketed. WHY WE MONITOR PM2.5 AND PM10 You must have encountered this question about why we specifically monitor PM2.5 and PM10. In order to understand that, first we must address what is particulate matter and how it is measured. According to USEPA, particulate matter (or commonly referred to as PM), is a mixture of solid particles and liquid droplets found in the air. Some particles like dust and dirt are clearly visible with the naked eye and some are so small that they can only be observed with a microscope. Together they are responsible for all the particulate pollution that we experience every day. The health effects of microscopic particulate matter (PM) depend upon their particle diameter and that’s why they are further classified as PM2.5 and PM10. PM2.5 and PM10 MONITORS TO REDUCE POLLUTION EXPOSURE Day-to-day activities result in the majority of PM2.5 and PM10 emission which makes PM pollution a global issue. It is corroborated with a study carried out by the World Health Organization (WHO). It states that 9 out of 10 people worldwide breathe air containing high levels of particulate pollutants. As a result, air pollution (particularly PM2.5 and PM10) attributes to 7 million premature deaths worldwide. Out of which, 1.2 million Indians lost their lives prematurely according to the Global Burden of Disease Study 2015. This translates to global economic losses of US$ 3 trillion according to the OECD Report, of which India bear US$ 150 billion in monetary losses, according to Greenpeace Southeast Asia report. Oizom’s Dustroid, a dust monitoring device, specifically measures high particulate pollution loads experienced at mining and construction sites. Oizom’s Polludrone measures gaseous pollutants along with particulate pollutants (PM1, PM2.5, PM10). Both the PM monitors also measure meteorological parameters such as temperature, humidity, wind speed, and wind direction. OIZOM’s devices provide high-quality monitoring data at an economical cost. Further data integration with various platforms results in the generation of dynamic pollution maps. OIZOM’s PM monitors are a perfect choice for monitoring PM2.5 and PM10 concentration at airports, roads and highways, and underground facilities such as tunnels and parking lots. Supplementary details on how to select a monitoring location can be found in OIZOM’s Whitepaper on location selection.

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Odosense is an e-nose based odour monitoring system designed to monitor various odourful and toxic gases. Odosense continuously detects, measures and monitors the odourful gaseous contaminants. Oizom Odour Monitoring Solution comprises of a network of e-noses (OdosenseTM) positioned on the periphery of the site. By using external modules one can also monitor meteorological parameters like wind speed, wind direction which enables us to trace the odourant dispersion plume and identify odour source.

Environmental data platform for visualization and analytics

Oizom

Oizom offers an end-to-end holistic solution. From Air quality monitoring to offering data visualization and analytics for better decision making. The Oizom terminal enables users to access the Air quality data in real-time. The platform enables the users to have an eagle-eye view of the environmental health across the areas where their systems are installed. Oizom platform also offers advanced analytics with up to 3 levels of comparisons for decision-makers to deep dive into the data and conduct trend analysis.

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1. WHO on air quality and the role of Air Quality Monitors © Oizom Instruments PVT LTD www.oizom.com | hello@oizom.com WHO on air quality and the role of Air Quality Monitors

2. © Oizom Instruments PVT LTD www.oizom.com | hello@oizom.com ● It was noted that not a single country in the world met the WHO guidelines on Air quality that is safe to breathe. Around 90% of the world’s population has been breathing in polluted air. ● With the deteriorating quality of air in many countries, it is important to track of the air that we breathe. ● This is one of the reasons smart cities, campuses and Industrial units invest in an air quality monitoring system. ● It can help us to be sure that the air quality we breathe is within acceptable standards. WHO on air quality and the role of Air Quality Monitors Introduction Air pollution is the cause of 4.2 million deaths every year – World Health Organisation ” “

3. © Oizom Instruments PVT LTD www.oizom.com | hello@oizom.com The World Health Organisation has released new guidelines on air quality that is considered safe to breathe. The WHO recommends that average annual readings of small and hazardous airborne particles belonging to the category of PM2.5 should not be more than 5 micrograms per cubic metre (μg/m3). WHO on air quality and the role of Air Quality Monitors WHO GUIDELINES ON AIR QUALITY

4. Nitrogen Dioxide – NO2 © Oizom Instruments PVT LTD www.oizom.com | hello@oizom.com WHO on air quality and the role of Air Quality Monitors Revised List on Key Pollutants Sulfur Dioxide – S02 Ozone – O3 Particulate matter(PM 2.5 &PM10)

5. © Oizom Instruments PVT LTD www.oizom.com | hello@oizom.com WHO on air quality and the role of Air Quality Monitors Meeting the WHO guidelines Some scientists and experts are optimistic that it is possible to achieve such a feat. Governments across the world have made policies to help them accomplish the WHO standards. However, it takes a lot of time and effort to improve a country’s air quality. State policies and the execution of such policies will matter a great deal in achieving these goals. Is it possible to obtain the WHO guidelines on having 5.0 micrograms per cubic meter in our air?

6. © Oizom Instruments PVT LTD www.oizom.com | hello@oizom.com WHO on air quality and the role of Air Quality Monitors The governmental policies to reduce air pollution include the National Clean Air Program (NCAP), 2019. This program aims to cut down pollution levels in more than 100 cities by 20-30% by 2024. Country specific Targets INDIA United States EUROPE The US Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) has incorporated the Clean Air Act 1970 since its establishment. This has helped the US government to reduce the air pollution levels along with keeping up with the economic growth. The council of the European Union has made many strides in drafting policies that help reduce air pollution. The improvements made however still do not match the standards set by WHO.

7. © Oizom Instruments PVT LTD www.oizom.com | hello@oizom.com WHO on air quality and the role of Air Quality Monitors Role of air quality monitors In order to check if the WHO standards are met, a number of Smart cities, Industrial areas, and even smart campuses have invested in a real-time monitoring Air quality system. • Notifying the authorities of any kind of hazardous particles in the air, dust, and even any particle- specific component. • To study the pollution levels or the air quality. • To ensure citizens of safe breathing air quality standards. Air Quality monitors help in:

8. © Oizom Instruments PVT LTD www.oizom.com | hello@oizom.com ● Oizom has dedicated its mission to alert people on the quality of air on a real-time basis. This is so that the people can initiate actions that best suit them to achieve clean air. ● Oizom has a range of monitors, each designed to sustain any environmental challenge where air monitoring is crucial. ● Oizom ensures accurate data collection of the air particulates on a real-time basis. Additionally, deploying an Industrial air quality monitoring system in polluting industries or areas nearby can ensure toxic-free air for humans. WHO on air quality and the role of Air Quality Monitors Oizom’s contribution

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