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Whole Systems &
Life-Cycle Thinking
for
Sustainable Design
Sustainability
Workshop
autodesk.com/sustainabilityworkshop
Lifecycle Thinking is a way of thinking
about all of the stages involved in a
product’s life: raw materials extraction,
manufacture, transport, use, and disposal.
Lifecycle Assessment is a way of quantifying the
environmental impacts that occur at each stage.
Whole Systems Thinking is a way of thinking
about the related social, environmental, and
technical systems that a product is a part of.
For example, how is the product used, who manufactures it,
what other products are used with it?
(1) Define the problem
by looking at
the whole system
• What parts and sub-systems make up the
product?
• How do those parts connect?
• When & why does the user use it?
• What other things are always used with
it?
• How are the product, the user, and other
components of the system connected?
• What kinds of environmental impacts
occur where?
(2) Prioritize objectives
by assessing
life-cycle impacts
(3) Brainstorm solutions
by looking at
the whole system
Factor Ten Design Principles
Principle 1. Collaborate across disciplines
Principle 2. Develop multiple design iterations
Principle 3. Define shared and aggressive goals
Principle 4. Adjust incentives
Principle 5. Define the service provided
Principle 6. Establish the theoretical minimum end-use
Principle 7. Identify and communicate all possible benefits
Principle 8. Start with a clean sheet
Principle 9. Use real data
Principle 10. Start downstream
Principle 11. Design for radical simplicity
Principle 12. Tunnel through the cost barrier
Principle 13. Base design on oscillating demand
Principle 14. Functionally integrate components
Principle 15. Include feedback in the design
Principle 16. Address Systemic Causes
(4) Use metrics
to evaluate and choose
solutions
(5) Repeat
autodesk-slides-sustworkshop_wslc_lifecycle.ppt
autodesk-slides-sustworkshop_wslc_lifecycle.ppt

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autodesk-slides-sustworkshop_wslc_lifecycle.ppt

  • 1. Whole Systems & Life-Cycle Thinking for Sustainable Design Sustainability Workshop autodesk.com/sustainabilityworkshop
  • 2. Lifecycle Thinking is a way of thinking about all of the stages involved in a product’s life: raw materials extraction, manufacture, transport, use, and disposal. Lifecycle Assessment is a way of quantifying the environmental impacts that occur at each stage. Whole Systems Thinking is a way of thinking about the related social, environmental, and technical systems that a product is a part of. For example, how is the product used, who manufactures it, what other products are used with it?
  • 3.
  • 4.
  • 5.
  • 6. (1) Define the problem by looking at the whole system
  • 7.
  • 8.
  • 9.
  • 10. • What parts and sub-systems make up the product? • How do those parts connect? • When & why does the user use it? • What other things are always used with it? • How are the product, the user, and other components of the system connected? • What kinds of environmental impacts occur where?
  • 11.
  • 12. (2) Prioritize objectives by assessing life-cycle impacts
  • 13.
  • 14.
  • 15.
  • 16.
  • 17.
  • 18.
  • 19. (3) Brainstorm solutions by looking at the whole system
  • 20.
  • 21.
  • 22.
  • 23.
  • 24.
  • 25.
  • 26.
  • 27. Factor Ten Design Principles Principle 1. Collaborate across disciplines Principle 2. Develop multiple design iterations Principle 3. Define shared and aggressive goals Principle 4. Adjust incentives Principle 5. Define the service provided Principle 6. Establish the theoretical minimum end-use Principle 7. Identify and communicate all possible benefits Principle 8. Start with a clean sheet Principle 9. Use real data Principle 10. Start downstream Principle 11. Design for radical simplicity Principle 12. Tunnel through the cost barrier Principle 13. Base design on oscillating demand Principle 14. Functionally integrate components Principle 15. Include feedback in the design Principle 16. Address Systemic Causes
  • 28. (4) Use metrics to evaluate and choose solutions
  • 29.
  • 30.
  • 31.
  • 32.
  • 33.

Editor's Notes

  1. For example, a dryer
  2. What’s the best strategy to use?
  3. What’s the best strategy to use?
  4. Whole Systems Thinking
  5. Our system really has 2 products in it: dryer & washing machine
  6. What all goes into those products?
  7. What all goes into those products?
  8. What all goes into those products?
  9. Life-Cycle Thinking
  10. LCA or similar quantitative tool to measure impacts of the stages identified in step 1
  11. The top two pictures are screen shots showing what it looks like to enter data into LCA programs (SimaPro and SustainableMinds, respectively). The bottom two pictures are screen shots showing what it looks like to get results from LCA programs (SimaPro and SustainableMinds, respectively. The graphs are not for the same product.)
  12. Be aware that LCA data is not very precise—you can usually assume around 10% margin of error, so differences should be roughly 20% or greater before you consider them important.
  13. Where are the biggest impacts? What impacts can you control?
  14. Back to whole systems thinking
  15. What’s the best strategy to use?
  16. Whole-systems thinking means looking at all the different parts of the system and how they relate to each other. What’s inside the black boxes?
  17. This is the same exact diagram as before, just redrawn to look linear, and with transition points colored blue.
  18. Brainstorm different ways to get from one transition point to the next
  19. - how far up the system can you go? (How many steps can you skip?) - Here, the highest up would be skipping all steps, having clothes never get dirty. Could you do that? How?
  20. Back to Life-cycle Thinking
  21. Estimate life-cycle impacts of all major design options, and see how much they improve performance.
  22. These are screen shots showing scenario comparisons in two LCA programs (SimaPro and SustainableMinds, respectively. The graphs are not for the same product.)
  23. Be aware that LCA data is not very precise—you can usually assume around 10% margin of error, so differences should be roughly 20% or greater before you consider them important.
  24. Options B & C are close enough to original, within error margins.
  25. Eliminate all but the best the design options, or at least all the options that don’t improve performance enough to meet your metrics. Remember to balance with other metrics like cost.
  26. Use whole systems to expand or deepen your definition of the problem Use life-cycle thinking to measure the problem, and set priorities to fix it Use whole systems thinking to ideate solutions Use life-cycle thinking to rank which solutions are best