Asthma is a chronic lung disease that causes inflammation and narrowing of the airways. It is triggered by allergens, irritants, foods, drinks, medicines, physical activity, and infections. Common symptoms include coughing, wheezing, tightness in the chest, and shortness of breath. Diagnosis involves examination of medical history, physical exam, and tests like pulmonary function tests and chest x-rays. Treatment focuses on medications like inhaled corticosteroids and long-acting bronchodilators.

2. WHAT IS ASTHMA?
Asthma is a chronic lung-disease
that inflames and narrows the airways
(tubes that bring air into and out of an
individual’s lungs).
Asthma is the most common
chronic disease among children.

4. EARLY AND LATE PHASES OF RESPONSES OF
ASTHMA

5. TRIGGERS OF ASTHMA
A variety of things can cause asthma
symptoms to appear:
Allergens
Irritants
Food and drinks
Medicines
Physical activity
Upper respiratory infections (viral)

6. SYMPTOMS OF ASTHMA
Common symptoms of asthma include
Coughing
Wheezing
Tightness in the chest
Shortness of breath

7. CAUSES OF ASTHMA
Parents with asthma
Atopy
Childhood respiratory
infections
Exposure to allergens or
infections while the immune
system is developing

8. FACTORS CAUSING AIRWAY
OBSTRUCTION IN ASTHMA

9. DIAGNOSIS
Detailed history and physical exam
Pulmonary function tests
Peak flow monitoring
Chest x-ray
ABGs

10. TREATMENT
Medication
Long term
•Inhaled corticosteroid
•Leukotriene modifiers
•Long-acting beta agonists
•Combination inhalers