The document discusses the MP3 file format. It describes MP3 as a standard technology for compressing audio files to around 1/12 their original size while maintaining sound quality. The format uses MP3 frames containing a header and data block in a sequence of elementary streams. Higher bitrates in MP3 files produce higher quality sound closer to the original recording, while lower bitrates can be used for less complex audio passages. Metadata tags are not defined in the MP3 standard and licensing of related patents varies by region.

1. AUDIO FILE FORMAT
BSC (GA) 1st SEMESTER
PRESENTED BY :- ARTHVED
KALYAN
SUBJECT :- FUNDAMENTALS OF
MULTIMEDIA

2. MP3 File Format
MP3 (MPEG-1 Audio Layer-3) is a standard
technology and format for compressing a sound
sequence into a very small file (about one-twelfth
the size of the original file) while preserving the
original level of sound quality when it is played.

3. Design
An MP3 file is made up of MP3 frames, which
consist of a header and a data block. This sequence
of frames is called an elementary stream. Due to the
"byte reservoir", frames are not independent items
and cannot usually be extracted on arbitrary frame
boundaries.

4. Encoding
Some encoders that were proficient at encoding at
higher bit rates (such as LAME) were not
necessarily as good at lower bit rates. AME evolved
on the SourceForge website until it became the de
facto CBR MP3 encoder.

5. Quality
The person generating an MP3 selects a bit rate,
which specifies how many kilobits per second of
audio are desired. The higher the bitrate, the larger
the MP3 data stream will be, and, generally, the
closer it will sound to the original recording.

6. Bit rate
MP3 was designed to encode this 1411 kbit/s data
at 320 kbit/s or less. As less complex passages are
detected by MP3 algorithms then lower bitrates
may be employed.

7. Metadata
The MP3 standards do not define tag formats for
MP3 files, nor is there a standard container format
that would support metadata.

8. Licensing
The basic MP3 decoding and encoding technology
is patent-free in the European Union. In the United
States, the technology became substantially patent-
free on 16 April 2017. Many organizations have
claimed ownership of patents related to MP3
decoding or encoding.

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