This document provides information about resources available for organic farmers from ATTRA, including over 240 publications on topics like crop production, grazing, composting, and record keeping. Publications can be downloaded for free from ATTRA's website or ordered via their toll-free phone number. The document also lists specific ATTRA publications on topics like organic certification, record keeping forms, and compliance checklists. It provides contact information for certification organizations, universities with organic programs, and other national organic resources.
The Organic Chronicles No. 1: Mysteries of Organic Farming Revealed (Hmong la...ElisaMendelsohn
This document provides information about organic farming resources available from ATTRA, including over 240 publications on topics such as crop production, grazing, soil management, and marketing. It highlights several publications specifically about organic certification, crop and livestock production, pest management, and transitioning to organic practices. It also describes ATTRA's website which allows free downloading of all publications and provides Spanish language resources. The document aims to help farmers learn more about organic agriculture and certification requirements.
Dairy Resource List: Organic and Pasture-BasedElisaMendelsohn
This document provides a summary of resources for organic and pasture-based dairy farmers. It lists publications, websites, and organizations that offer information on topics like organic dairying systems, soil and pasture management, forage and grazing, animal management, milk marketing, and dairy finances. The resources provide information on transitioning to organic production, national organic standards, and best practices for aspects of organic and pasture-based dairy farming.
This document summarizes information on organic herb production in the United States, including:
- The growth in organic farming and sales of organic foods in the US. Around 7,200 producers were certified organic in 2001, with 2.07 million acres under organic cultivation.
- Herb production can provide additional income for small farms, though typical herb farms are small businesses that add value through direct marketing.
- Federal regulations now require certification for organic labels and marketing. The USDA provides oversight of the National Organic Program.
Resource Guide to Organic and Sustainable Vegetable ProductionElisaMendelsohn
This document provides a resource guide for organic and sustainable vegetable production. It begins with an introduction that defines sustainable and organic vegetable production. It then provides a section called "The Farmer's Bookshelf" that lists and summarizes relevant books and publications on topics like sustainable vegetable production, organic agriculture, soil management, integrated pest management, and more. The guide concludes by providing links to additional resources like websites, magazines, and organizations.
Organic peanut production relies on cultural techniques that maintain soil fertility through crop rotation and composting, rather than off-farm inputs. While labor and management costs are higher for organic peanuts, farmers can find higher demand and premium prices in organic markets. The document discusses organic peanut production methods, varieties suited to different regions, challenges in organic marketing, and potential alternative uses for organic peanuts including forage and biodiesel production.
This document provides a guide to publications from ATTRA (Appropriate Technology Transfer for Rural Areas) related to organic agriculture. It summarizes 14 publications that cover topics such as organic certification requirements, compliance, crop and livestock production, marketing, and pest management. The publications provide information on the USDA organic regulations and guidance for developing organic system plans and recordkeeping to meet certification standards. Readers can contact ATTRA to request print copies or speak with specialists about the publications.
This document provides an overview of organic tree fruit production, including marketing considerations, orchard planning and establishment, and ongoing orchard management. Some key points:
- Marketing is critical to success, and the production system must be designed to meet the needs of intended markets. Premium pricing may be needed to offset typically higher organic production costs.
- Proper site selection is important, considering soil, climate, drainage and other environmental factors that cannot be easily changed. Variety selection should match the site conditions and market opportunities.
- Careful planning includes decisions around crop species, rootstocks, tree spacing and layout to optimize long-term productivity and efficiency within the limitations of the land. Establishing soil fertility and integrated pest management
The Organic Chronicles No. 1: Mysteries of Organic Farming Revealed (Hmong la...ElisaMendelsohn
This document provides information about organic farming resources available from ATTRA, including over 240 publications on topics such as crop production, grazing, soil management, and marketing. It highlights several publications specifically about organic certification, crop and livestock production, pest management, and transitioning to organic practices. It also describes ATTRA's website which allows free downloading of all publications and provides Spanish language resources. The document aims to help farmers learn more about organic agriculture and certification requirements.
Dairy Resource List: Organic and Pasture-BasedElisaMendelsohn
This document provides a summary of resources for organic and pasture-based dairy farmers. It lists publications, websites, and organizations that offer information on topics like organic dairying systems, soil and pasture management, forage and grazing, animal management, milk marketing, and dairy finances. The resources provide information on transitioning to organic production, national organic standards, and best practices for aspects of organic and pasture-based dairy farming.
This document summarizes information on organic herb production in the United States, including:
- The growth in organic farming and sales of organic foods in the US. Around 7,200 producers were certified organic in 2001, with 2.07 million acres under organic cultivation.
- Herb production can provide additional income for small farms, though typical herb farms are small businesses that add value through direct marketing.
- Federal regulations now require certification for organic labels and marketing. The USDA provides oversight of the National Organic Program.
Resource Guide to Organic and Sustainable Vegetable ProductionElisaMendelsohn
This document provides a resource guide for organic and sustainable vegetable production. It begins with an introduction that defines sustainable and organic vegetable production. It then provides a section called "The Farmer's Bookshelf" that lists and summarizes relevant books and publications on topics like sustainable vegetable production, organic agriculture, soil management, integrated pest management, and more. The guide concludes by providing links to additional resources like websites, magazines, and organizations.
Organic peanut production relies on cultural techniques that maintain soil fertility through crop rotation and composting, rather than off-farm inputs. While labor and management costs are higher for organic peanuts, farmers can find higher demand and premium prices in organic markets. The document discusses organic peanut production methods, varieties suited to different regions, challenges in organic marketing, and potential alternative uses for organic peanuts including forage and biodiesel production.
This document provides a guide to publications from ATTRA (Appropriate Technology Transfer for Rural Areas) related to organic agriculture. It summarizes 14 publications that cover topics such as organic certification requirements, compliance, crop and livestock production, marketing, and pest management. The publications provide information on the USDA organic regulations and guidance for developing organic system plans and recordkeeping to meet certification standards. Readers can contact ATTRA to request print copies or speak with specialists about the publications.
This document provides an overview of organic tree fruit production, including marketing considerations, orchard planning and establishment, and ongoing orchard management. Some key points:
- Marketing is critical to success, and the production system must be designed to meet the needs of intended markets. Premium pricing may be needed to offset typically higher organic production costs.
- Proper site selection is important, considering soil, climate, drainage and other environmental factors that cannot be easily changed. Variety selection should match the site conditions and market opportunities.
- Careful planning includes decisions around crop species, rootstocks, tree spacing and layout to optimize long-term productivity and efficiency within the limitations of the land. Establishing soil fertility and integrated pest management
This document provides organic field crop documentation forms for farmers to record information needed to demonstrate compliance with organic regulations. It includes forms for activities, inputs, seeds and planting stock, compost production, soil and pest monitoring, harvest records, and storage records for on-farm and off-farm storage of organic and conventional crops. The forms are intended to help farmers keep organized records of their practices to showcase they are farming organically as outlined in their organic system plan.
This document discusses three steps for ensuring compliant use of materials for organic production and handling according to the USDA's National Organic Program. First, operators must understand the relevant NOP regulations regarding allowed and prohibited materials. Second, operators must include all materials in their Organic System Plan and get approval from their certifier. Third, operators must document all material purchases and uses and keep records for at least five years. Following these steps helps ensure materials are used correctly according to organic standards.
Forms, Documents, and Sample Letters for Organic ProducersElisaMendelsohn
This publication provides sample forms, letters, maps, and other documentation required by organic certifiers, including land use history forms, neighbor notification letters, clean transport affidavits, and farm inspection reports. It aims to help organic producers obtain and maintain organic certification by complying with the National Organic Program standards. The sample documents cover topics such as verifying land history, establishing buffer zones, tracking organic transactions, and documenting complaints.
NCAT's Organic Livestock Workbook: A Guide to Sustainable and Allowed PracticesElisaMendelsohn
This document provides a summary of NCAT's Organic Livestock Workbook, which is intended to guide organic and transitional livestock producers in sustainable and certified organic practices. The workbook covers topics such as organic soil management, weed and pest control, feeding, housing, health care, record keeping and more to help farmers understand and comply with the USDA's National Organic Standards. It was developed with input from organic experts and farmers.
Organic Orchard, Vineyard, and Berry Crop Documentation FormsElisaMendelsohn
This document provides organic orchard, vineyard, and berry crop documentation forms for farmers to record information required to demonstrate compliance with the USDA National Organic Program. The forms include logs for recording activities, inputs, establishment practices, planting stock, fertility monitoring, pest monitoring, and harvest details for each crop block. Instructions are provided on the purpose and use of the forms.
This document discusses how organic farming practices can both protect and fail to protect water quality. When implemented using a "systems approach" that considers biological, chemical and climatic processes in each field, organic practices like building soil organic matter, crop rotations, and conservation practices can increase nutrient retention and decrease runoff and erosion, thus protecting water quality. However, problems can occur if manure is mismanaged, green manures are improperly timed, or manure/compost is poorly stored. The key to effective production and water protection is maintaining high soil organic matter and active soil organisms.
This document provides background on the concepts of Good Agricultural Practices (GAP). It discusses how GAP evolved from agricultural research and extension guidelines aimed at increasing productivity and farmer income. More recently, GAP has taken on increased importance due to demands from food markets for assurances around food safety, environmental, and social standards. The document outlines the history of GAP framework development at the UN Food and Agriculture Organization (FAO), including defining common GAP principles, guidance from a Committee on Agriculture, and an expert consultation that defined a GAP concept for FAO focusing on developing country contexts.
This document provides forms and guidance for organic market farmers to document practices, inputs, and activities required to demonstrate compliance with the USDA National Organic Program regulations. It includes forms for recording production activities by field or bed, inputs, seed sources, compost production, pest monitoring, harvest records, and sales. The forms are intended to help farmers organize information needed for organic certification and inspections.
Organic System Plan (OSP) Templates for CertifiersElisaMendelsohn
- This document contains templates for certifying agencies to develop application materials for organic certification.
- Applications for organic certification constitute the Organic System Plan required by the USDA National Organic Program.
- The templates are structured to elicit all the information needed for a complete Organic System Plan as required by the National Organic Standards.
- They include templates for organic farm plans, organic farm plan updates, organic livestock plans, and organic handling plans.
Este documento proporciona una lista de tópicos sobre las funciones y herramientas de Excel 2010. Incluye instrucciones sobre cómo abrir y guardar archivos en Excel, navegar y formatear celdas, tablas y hojas, y usar funciones como sumas, gráficos y SmartArt.
Organic livestock producers must document their practices to demonstrate compliance with organic regulations. This document provides forms to help producers organize information for their organic system plan and inspections. It includes forms for pasture management, livestock records, feed records, and inventories of approved substances. The forms cover topics such as field activities, inputs, health records, breeding, access to pasture, sales, and more. Producers can customize the forms to meet their needs and use them to simplify paperwork required for organic certification.
The document discusses web offset printing. Web offset printing uses a continuous roll of paper fed through the printing press. There are two methods of drying - heat set uses forced air heating to dry ink rapidly, while cold set relies on natural evaporation and absorption to dry ink more slowly. The document focuses on web offset printing, describing characteristics like high printing speeds up to 900 meters per minute and applications including books, magazines, newspapers, and catalogs.
This document summarizes the chemical product and company information, hazard identification, composition, first aid measures, fire-fighting measures, accidental release measures, handling and storage, exposure controls and personal protection, physical and chemical properties, stability and reactivity, toxicological information, ecological information, disposal information, transport information, regulatory information, and other information for CHLOR*RID Industrial Cleaning Solution. The product is a light blue liquid with a mildly burnt sugar odor that can cause mild skin and eye irritation upon contact. It contains a proprietary chemical mixture at 10% and other non-hazardous materials at 90%. Personal protective equipment including eye protection and gloves is recommended when handling.
The concrete curbs and pylons on the roadway atop the Coolidge Dam were severely cracked and spalling in 1995 due to soluble salt contamination. They were rehabilitated through pressure washing with a salt remover solution, concrete repair and replacement, and application of a protective coating. In 2004, an inspection found the rehabilitation efforts to be holding up well with intact coatings and minimal cracking, demonstrating the long-term effectiveness of the salt removal and remediation strategy. The concrete was expected to last 20-25 years and continues to perform after almost a decade.
This document provides an overview of organic grain, oilseed, and pulse markets. It discusses various food grains like wheat, corn, and oats as well as oilseeds like soybeans and pulses. Organic grain prices are typically double conventional prices. Demand is growing for organic foods, but supply and prices can be volatile depending on the crop. Successful organic grain marketing requires building relationships with buyers, contracting crops in advance, meeting quality standards, and having adequate storage facilities. Overall storage and relationships are key to getting premium prices in these markets.
Renewable Energy Opportunities on the FarmGardening
This document provides an overview of renewable energy resources that can be used on farms, including solar, wind, and renewable fuels. It introduces photovoltaic solar systems, which convert sunlight directly to electricity, and discusses factors to consider for solar sites such as orientation and obstructions. Wind and renewable fuels like biodiesel are also briefly introduced. Financial incentives for renewable energy systems are mentioned.
The document discusses conservation tillage techniques such as ridge tillage and no-till farming. Ridge tillage uses specialized equipment to maintain permanent ridges for row crops, leaving crop residue until planting. No-till systems plant directly into previous years' crop residue without tilling, using herbicides for weed control. The document provides details on various conservation tillage methods and lists additional resources for information.
This document provides an introduction to basic personal finance concepts like saving, investing, and the stock market. It discusses reasons to save like having an emergency fund and preparing for personal goals. It explains the difference between saving, which keeps money, and investing, which grows money by committing it with the expectation of returns. The document then gives an example of how investing Php10,000 in the stock market at a 12% average annual return rate could grow to Php54,735 over 15 years. It also outlines some basic steps for starting to invest through opening an online brokerage account.
The document discusses three basic steps for organic producers and handlers to ensure compliant use of materials under the USDA's National Organic Program:
1. Understand the relevant NOP regulations by reviewing the full standards and identifying sections that address allowed and prohibited materials for your type of operation.
2. Create an Organic System Plan listing all materials to be used and obtain approval from your certifier before using any materials.
3. Document all material purchases and applications, and retain records for at least five years.
Following these three steps helps operations use materials correctly according to the standards and avoids issues that could require restarting the three-year transition to organic certification.
The document is a catalogue for Kresta, a company that manufactures and sells blinds, curtains, shutters, and awnings. It provides an overview of Kresta's history and product offerings. Key points include:
- Kresta is Australia's largest manufacturer of window coverings and has been in business for over 40 years.
- The catalogue showcases their wide selection of blinds, curtains, shutters, and awnings available in various fabrics, colors, and styles.
- An emphasis is placed on the quality and durability of Kresta's products, which are sold at factory-direct prices.
This document provides organic field crop documentation forms for farmers to record information needed to demonstrate compliance with organic regulations. It includes forms for activities, inputs, seeds and planting stock, compost production, soil and pest monitoring, harvest records, and storage records for on-farm and off-farm storage of organic and conventional crops. The forms are intended to help farmers keep organized records of their practices to showcase they are farming organically as outlined in their organic system plan.
This document discusses three steps for ensuring compliant use of materials for organic production and handling according to the USDA's National Organic Program. First, operators must understand the relevant NOP regulations regarding allowed and prohibited materials. Second, operators must include all materials in their Organic System Plan and get approval from their certifier. Third, operators must document all material purchases and uses and keep records for at least five years. Following these steps helps ensure materials are used correctly according to organic standards.
Forms, Documents, and Sample Letters for Organic ProducersElisaMendelsohn
This publication provides sample forms, letters, maps, and other documentation required by organic certifiers, including land use history forms, neighbor notification letters, clean transport affidavits, and farm inspection reports. It aims to help organic producers obtain and maintain organic certification by complying with the National Organic Program standards. The sample documents cover topics such as verifying land history, establishing buffer zones, tracking organic transactions, and documenting complaints.
NCAT's Organic Livestock Workbook: A Guide to Sustainable and Allowed PracticesElisaMendelsohn
This document provides a summary of NCAT's Organic Livestock Workbook, which is intended to guide organic and transitional livestock producers in sustainable and certified organic practices. The workbook covers topics such as organic soil management, weed and pest control, feeding, housing, health care, record keeping and more to help farmers understand and comply with the USDA's National Organic Standards. It was developed with input from organic experts and farmers.
Organic Orchard, Vineyard, and Berry Crop Documentation FormsElisaMendelsohn
This document provides organic orchard, vineyard, and berry crop documentation forms for farmers to record information required to demonstrate compliance with the USDA National Organic Program. The forms include logs for recording activities, inputs, establishment practices, planting stock, fertility monitoring, pest monitoring, and harvest details for each crop block. Instructions are provided on the purpose and use of the forms.
This document discusses how organic farming practices can both protect and fail to protect water quality. When implemented using a "systems approach" that considers biological, chemical and climatic processes in each field, organic practices like building soil organic matter, crop rotations, and conservation practices can increase nutrient retention and decrease runoff and erosion, thus protecting water quality. However, problems can occur if manure is mismanaged, green manures are improperly timed, or manure/compost is poorly stored. The key to effective production and water protection is maintaining high soil organic matter and active soil organisms.
This document provides background on the concepts of Good Agricultural Practices (GAP). It discusses how GAP evolved from agricultural research and extension guidelines aimed at increasing productivity and farmer income. More recently, GAP has taken on increased importance due to demands from food markets for assurances around food safety, environmental, and social standards. The document outlines the history of GAP framework development at the UN Food and Agriculture Organization (FAO), including defining common GAP principles, guidance from a Committee on Agriculture, and an expert consultation that defined a GAP concept for FAO focusing on developing country contexts.
This document provides forms and guidance for organic market farmers to document practices, inputs, and activities required to demonstrate compliance with the USDA National Organic Program regulations. It includes forms for recording production activities by field or bed, inputs, seed sources, compost production, pest monitoring, harvest records, and sales. The forms are intended to help farmers organize information needed for organic certification and inspections.
Organic System Plan (OSP) Templates for CertifiersElisaMendelsohn
- This document contains templates for certifying agencies to develop application materials for organic certification.
- Applications for organic certification constitute the Organic System Plan required by the USDA National Organic Program.
- The templates are structured to elicit all the information needed for a complete Organic System Plan as required by the National Organic Standards.
- They include templates for organic farm plans, organic farm plan updates, organic livestock plans, and organic handling plans.
Este documento proporciona una lista de tópicos sobre las funciones y herramientas de Excel 2010. Incluye instrucciones sobre cómo abrir y guardar archivos en Excel, navegar y formatear celdas, tablas y hojas, y usar funciones como sumas, gráficos y SmartArt.
Organic livestock producers must document their practices to demonstrate compliance with organic regulations. This document provides forms to help producers organize information for their organic system plan and inspections. It includes forms for pasture management, livestock records, feed records, and inventories of approved substances. The forms cover topics such as field activities, inputs, health records, breeding, access to pasture, sales, and more. Producers can customize the forms to meet their needs and use them to simplify paperwork required for organic certification.
The document discusses web offset printing. Web offset printing uses a continuous roll of paper fed through the printing press. There are two methods of drying - heat set uses forced air heating to dry ink rapidly, while cold set relies on natural evaporation and absorption to dry ink more slowly. The document focuses on web offset printing, describing characteristics like high printing speeds up to 900 meters per minute and applications including books, magazines, newspapers, and catalogs.
This document summarizes the chemical product and company information, hazard identification, composition, first aid measures, fire-fighting measures, accidental release measures, handling and storage, exposure controls and personal protection, physical and chemical properties, stability and reactivity, toxicological information, ecological information, disposal information, transport information, regulatory information, and other information for CHLOR*RID Industrial Cleaning Solution. The product is a light blue liquid with a mildly burnt sugar odor that can cause mild skin and eye irritation upon contact. It contains a proprietary chemical mixture at 10% and other non-hazardous materials at 90%. Personal protective equipment including eye protection and gloves is recommended when handling.
The concrete curbs and pylons on the roadway atop the Coolidge Dam were severely cracked and spalling in 1995 due to soluble salt contamination. They were rehabilitated through pressure washing with a salt remover solution, concrete repair and replacement, and application of a protective coating. In 2004, an inspection found the rehabilitation efforts to be holding up well with intact coatings and minimal cracking, demonstrating the long-term effectiveness of the salt removal and remediation strategy. The concrete was expected to last 20-25 years and continues to perform after almost a decade.
This document provides an overview of organic grain, oilseed, and pulse markets. It discusses various food grains like wheat, corn, and oats as well as oilseeds like soybeans and pulses. Organic grain prices are typically double conventional prices. Demand is growing for organic foods, but supply and prices can be volatile depending on the crop. Successful organic grain marketing requires building relationships with buyers, contracting crops in advance, meeting quality standards, and having adequate storage facilities. Overall storage and relationships are key to getting premium prices in these markets.
Renewable Energy Opportunities on the FarmGardening
This document provides an overview of renewable energy resources that can be used on farms, including solar, wind, and renewable fuels. It introduces photovoltaic solar systems, which convert sunlight directly to electricity, and discusses factors to consider for solar sites such as orientation and obstructions. Wind and renewable fuels like biodiesel are also briefly introduced. Financial incentives for renewable energy systems are mentioned.
The document discusses conservation tillage techniques such as ridge tillage and no-till farming. Ridge tillage uses specialized equipment to maintain permanent ridges for row crops, leaving crop residue until planting. No-till systems plant directly into previous years' crop residue without tilling, using herbicides for weed control. The document provides details on various conservation tillage methods and lists additional resources for information.
This document provides an introduction to basic personal finance concepts like saving, investing, and the stock market. It discusses reasons to save like having an emergency fund and preparing for personal goals. It explains the difference between saving, which keeps money, and investing, which grows money by committing it with the expectation of returns. The document then gives an example of how investing Php10,000 in the stock market at a 12% average annual return rate could grow to Php54,735 over 15 years. It also outlines some basic steps for starting to invest through opening an online brokerage account.
The document discusses three basic steps for organic producers and handlers to ensure compliant use of materials under the USDA's National Organic Program:
1. Understand the relevant NOP regulations by reviewing the full standards and identifying sections that address allowed and prohibited materials for your type of operation.
2. Create an Organic System Plan listing all materials to be used and obtain approval from your certifier before using any materials.
3. Document all material purchases and applications, and retain records for at least five years.
Following these three steps helps operations use materials correctly according to the standards and avoids issues that could require restarting the three-year transition to organic certification.
The document is a catalogue for Kresta, a company that manufactures and sells blinds, curtains, shutters, and awnings. It provides an overview of Kresta's history and product offerings. Key points include:
- Kresta is Australia's largest manufacturer of window coverings and has been in business for over 40 years.
- The catalogue showcases their wide selection of blinds, curtains, shutters, and awnings available in various fabrics, colors, and styles.
- An emphasis is placed on the quality and durability of Kresta's products, which are sold at factory-direct prices.
Potatoes: Organic Production and Marketing Gardening
This document outlines organic potato production practices including fertility and nutrient management, pest management, harvesting, storage, and marketing. Key points include:
- Organic potato producers must use certified organic seed potatoes unless not commercially available and adhere to certification guidelines excluding synthetic fertilizers and pesticides.
- Fertility is managed through animal manures, compost, and crop rotations. Rotations of 4-7 years between potato crops are recommended to reduce pests and build soil health.
- Pest management uses biointensive IPM including rotations with non-host crops, organic matter additions, and biorational controls for insects, diseases, weeds, and nematodes.
- Harvesting, curing
Dairy Resource List: Organic and Pasture-BasedGardening
This document provides an annotated list of resources for organic and pasture-based dairy farmers. It lists print and online sources that cover topics like organic dairying overviews, grazing management, soil health, animal management, marketing, finances, research organizations, and transitioning to organic certification. The resources include books, publications, websites, and organizations that can help farmers seeking information on organic and pasture-based dairy production.
This document provides an overview of the history and development of Community Supported Agriculture (CSA) in the United States. It discusses how the CSA model originated in the 1960s in Europe and was brought to the US in the 1980s. Two main CSA models have emerged: shareholder CSAs, which are consumer-driven, and subscription CSAs, which are farmer-driven. The document also outlines trends in the CSA movement, including the growth of different CSA variations and the increasing percentage of CSAs operated by individual farmers. It provides statistics on the number of CSAs in the US and profiles some examples of non-profit and cooperative CSAs.
This document provides information on downy mildew, a fungal disease that affects cucurbit crops like cucumbers and melons. It causes yellow spots on leaves and can kill plants. The disease spreads easily in humid conditions and is controlled using resistant varieties, cultural practices, and organic fungicides like copper, neem oil, and biofungicides. The document summarizes monitoring methods and lists alternative pesticide options for organic farmers to manage downy mildew without synthetic chemicals.
This document provides information to farmers about new market opportunities for selling crops to local institutions. It discusses the advantages of marketing produce cooperatively or through third-party organizations. Key details include requirements for consistent quality, packaging and delivery from buyers. Co-ops can improve access but farmers have less control. The document lists organizations that help connect growers to institutional markets in different states.
Tools for Managing Internal Parasites in Small Ruminants: Copper Wire ParticlesGardening
The document discusses copper oxide wire particles (COWP) as a tool for managing internal parasites in small ruminants like sheep and goats. It notes that overuse of dewormers has led to resistance, making them ineffective. COWP are described as a potentially effective alternative as they have been shown to reduce parasite loads. The document outlines how COWP can be administered by repackaging cattle boluses into smaller doses for sheep and goats using gel capsules. It also reviews several research studies that found COWP reduced fecal egg counts and the number of Haemonchus contortus parasites detected. However, it cautions that COWP should be one part of an integrated parasite management strategy.
Meat Chicken Breeds for Pastured ProductionGardening
This document discusses meat chicken breeds suitable for pastured production. It begins by introducing the Cornish-Rock crosses that are conventionally used but notes their weaknesses for pasture. It then summarizes that there are several Cornish cross strains available but no widely available alternatives that are as meat and economical. The document provides links to resources on other poultry breeds and hatcheries. It emphasizes that access to chicks is important for pastured producers due to risks of shipping stress.
This document provides a summary and list of resources for organic and sustainable vegetable production, including books, publications, and websites. It begins with an overview of sustainable and organic vegetable production practices. The main body consists of recommendations for books and publications to include in a farmer's library, such as Sustainable Vegetable Production From Start-Up to Market, which provides a comprehensive overview of the topic. It also lists relevant ATTRA publications and websites. The resource guide aims to support farmers transitioning to sustainable practices by collating some of the best print and online information sources on topics like soil management, integrated pest management, and marketing.
This document provides a summary and list of resources for organic and sustainable vegetable production, including books, publications, and websites. It begins with an overview of sustainable and organic vegetable production practices. The main body of the document is a list of recommended books and publications on topics such as sustainable vegetable production systems, organic farming techniques, soil management, integrated pest management, and marketing vegetables. Several ATTRA publications related to organic vegetable production are also listed. The document concludes with contact information for publishers and distributors of the resources mentioned.
Dairy Resource List: Organic and Pasture-BasedElisaMendelsohn
This document provides a summary of resources for organic and pasture-based dairy farmers. It lists publications, websites, and organizations that cover topics like organic dairying overviews, forages and grazing, animal management, milk marketing, and dairy finances. Many of the resources listed provide information on transitioning to organic production, organic certification processes, and holistic management practices. The resources are meant to help farmers who operate or are transitioning to pasture-based and organic dairy operations.
Dairy Resource List: Organic and Pasture-BasedElisaMendelsohn
This document provides a summary of resources for organic and pasture-based dairy farmers. It lists publications, websites, and organizations that cover topics like organic dairying overviews, forages and grazing, animal management, milk marketing, and dairy finances. Many of the resources listed provide information on transitioning to organic production, organic certification processes, and holistic management practices. The resources are meant to help farmers who operate or are transitioning to pasture-based and organic dairy operations.
Dairy Resource List: Organic and Pasture-BasedElisaMendelsohn
This document provides a summary of resources for organic and pasture-based dairy farmers. It lists publications, websites, and organizations that cover topics like organic dairying overviews, forages and grazing, animal management, milk marketing, and dairy finances. Many of the resources listed provide information on transitioning to organic production, organic certification processes, and holistic management practices. The resources are meant to help farmers who operate or are transitioning to pasture-based and organic dairy operations.
Dairy Resource List: Organic and Pasture-BasedElisaMendelsohn
This document provides a summary of resources for organic and pasture-based dairy farmers. It lists publications, websites, and organizations that cover topics like organic dairying overviews, forages and grazing, animal management, milk marketing, and dairy finances. Many of the resources listed provide information on transitioning to organic production and complying with organic standards. The resources are meant to help farmers who operate or are transitioning to pasture-based and organic dairy operations.
This document provides an overview and guide to publications from ATTRA (Appropriate Technology Transfer for Rural Areas) related to organic agriculture. It describes the types of publications available, including those on organic rule and compliance, farm inputs, marketing and business, horticultural crops, field crops, livestock, soils and compost, and pest management. It provides the titles and brief descriptions of over 30 individual publications that cover topics such as organic certification, standards for crop and livestock production, marketing resources, and production guides for various organic crops. The guide aims to help users learn about and access ATTRA's information on organic farming practices and certification requirements.
This document discusses the organic certification process and its benefits. It explains that organic certification provides third-party confirmation that a farm or handling operation complies with organic standards, allowing them to market products with a USDA organic seal. The certification process involves an inspector verifying an operation's compliance with organic standards through an on-site audit of activities and records. Maintaining thorough records provides multiple benefits like identifying problems, improving management, and ensuring organic integrity.
Completing Your Application for Organic CertificationGardening
This organic system plan provides details for Andy and Suzi Wannabee's 22-acre diversified organic farm in Arkansas. The farm includes vegetable crops, small fruits, greenhouse production, and wild ginseng harvest. A map shows the farm layout including 15 fields, buffer areas, buildings, and adjoining land uses. Field histories dating back to 2003 are also provided to document the transition of fields to organic production.
Organic System Plans: Market Farms and GreenhousesGardening
This organic system plan provides details for Andy and Suzi Wannabee's 22-acre diversified organic farm in Arkansas. The farm includes vegetable crops, small fruits, greenhouse production, and wild ginseng harvest. A map shows the farm layout including 15 fields, buffer areas, buildings, and adjoining land uses. Field histories dating back to 2003 are also provided to document the transition of fields to organic production.
This document provides an overview of organic tree fruit production. It discusses ATTRA, which is a sustainable agriculture information service operated by USDA. The document then discusses organic fruit production, marketing and economic considerations, and planning and planting an organic orchard. It covers topics like site selection, crop and variety selection, rootstock selection, orchard design, and more. The goal is to introduce key issues for commercial organic production of tree fruits to help growers make informed decisions about orchard design and management.
Resource Guide to Organic and Sustainable Vegetable ProductionGardening
This document provides a summary of print and online resources for organic and sustainable vegetable production. It begins by introducing the concepts of sustainable and organic vegetable production. The bulk of the document then lists and briefly describes important books on the subject, organized by topic. These include comprehensive guides to sustainable vegetable production, organic market gardening techniques, biointensive growing methods, and standard textbooks on commercial vegetable production. The document also provides links to related ATTRA publications and websites with further information. Overall, it serves as a guide to high-quality literature resources for farmers and others interested in organic and sustainable vegetable production.
This document discusses organic herb production in the United States. It provides an overview of research into organic herb production, including projects funded by USDA SARE grants. It also summarizes regulations for organic certification and highlights some of the challenges for beginning organic herb producers, such as the years of experience needed to successfully grow and market herb crops.
Dairy farmers can add value to their milk by processing it into products like cheese, yogurt, butter, and milk. Developing these value-added products requires time, money, commitment, and additional skills beyond dairy farming. Farmers need to carefully consider if they have the resources, experience, and market potential to successfully undertake a value-added dairy enterprise. State regulations also govern dairy processing, so farmers must contact their state's department of agriculture to understand requirements before starting a value-added operation. Demand for organic dairy products is growing due to consumer preferences, though organic certification adds complexity and costs.
This document provides information on organic sweet corn production, including key aspects such as varieties, soil fertility, weed control, pest management, harvesting, and marketing. Organic sweet corn production differs from conventional methods in its reliance on crop rotations, cover crops, compost and manures for soil fertility and its use of mechanical cultivation and biological controls to manage pests. The document discusses organic certification requirements and considerations for seed selection, fertility management, pest control, and post-harvest handling.
This document provides information on organic sweet corn production, including key aspects such as varieties, soil fertility, weed control, pest management, harvesting, and marketing. Organic sweet corn production differs from conventional methods in its reliance on crop rotations, cover crops, compost and manures for soil fertility and its use of mechanical cultivation and biological controls to manage pests. The document discusses organic certification requirements and considerations for seed varieties, and provides details on production practices and marketing organic sweet corn.
This document provides an overview of organic tree fruit production, including marketing considerations, orchard planning and establishment, and ongoing orchard management. Some key points:
- Marketing is critical to success, and the production system must be designed to meet the needs of intended markets. Premium pricing may be needed to offset typically higher organic production costs.
- Proper site selection is important, considering soil, climate, drainage and other environmental factors that cannot be easily changed. Variety selection should match the site conditions and market opportunities.
- Careful planning includes decisions around crop species, rootstocks, tree spacing and layout to optimize productivity and efficiency over the long term life of the orchard. Establishing soil fertility and integrated pest management programs
This document provides resources for organic farmers and marketers, including sources of information on organic prices, markets, trade associations, and directories for finding buyers. It outlines federal crop insurance options for organic farmers and sources of data on organic prices, sales, and market trends from organizations like Rodale Publishers, USDA, and others. The document aims to help organic producers make informed production and marketing decisions in the growing organic sector.
This document provides resources for organic farmers and marketers, including sources of information on organic prices, markets, trade associations, and directories for finding buyers. It outlines federal crop insurance options for organic farmers and sources of data on organic prices, sales, and market trends from organizations like Rodale Publishers, USDA, and others. The document aims to help organic producers make informed production and marketing decisions in the growing organic sector.
Similar to The Organic Chronicles No. 1: Mysteries of Organic Farming Revealed (20)
Este documento contiene una lista de más de 50 libros en español relacionados con la agricultura ecológica, orgánica y sostenible. Incluye títulos como "25 años de agricultura orgánica: Una experiencia en el archipiélago de Chiloé", "Abonos, lombricultura y compostaje" y "Agricultura ecológica: Manual y guía didáctica". Para cada libro se proporciona el autor, enlace a Google Books y otros sitios web para encontrar y comprar el libro.
City Farming, Backyard Farming & Urban FarmingGardening
The document provides a collection of links to resources about city farming, urban agriculture, and urban forestry. It includes links to articles, manuals, books, and websites on topics such as urban farming systems, the economic and social impacts of urban agriculture and forestry, policy issues around urban natural resource use, and case studies of specific city farming programs from locations around the world. The links provide research and information for those interested in learning about approaches to integrating food production and natural resource management into urban and peri-urban areas.
Pesticides are Hurting Your Child’s EducationGardening
Pesticides are linked to lower performance in schools in 3 ways:
1. Prenatal exposure to pesticides can lead to poorer motor development in children by age 2.
2. Exposure to organophosphate pesticides is linked to lower IQs in young children, resulting in 17 million lost IQ points.
3. Studies link pesticide exposure to higher rates of ADHD diagnoses in children. Reducing pesticide exposure through an organic diet can lower levels by 90%.
Edible Schoolyards & Gardening with ChildrenGardening
The document provides links to numerous books about establishing and maintaining edible schoolyard gardens to teach students about healthy eating and nutrition. Some of the books discuss the origins and philosophy of the edible schoolyard movement started by Alice Waters, while others provide practical guidance on creating gardens and incorporating them into lesson plans and classroom activities. The books cover topics like designing organic gardens, engaging young children in gardening, integrating gardens into the school curriculum, and using gardens to promote healthy, sustainable food practices.
This document provides information on companion planting and polyculture gardening techniques. It discusses the traditional Native American "Three Sisters" companion planting of corn, beans, and squash. It explains how these three plants benefit each other. The document then discusses other benefits of companion planting such as attracting beneficial insects, decreasing disease and pests, and increasing yields. It describes polyculture gardening, which involves planting many different crops together to increase biodiversity. Examples of successful companion planting and polyculture projects in Africa and South America are also discussed.
The document provides links to free manuals, books, and resources about organic gardening and farming techniques, including companion planting, rainwater harvesting, green roofs, solar energy, volunteering on organic farms in Europe, and development projects related to eco-friendly topics like coffee, solar energy, and helping address hunger. It encourages using these free resources to boost garden yields, learn organic composting and recycling, understand issues around pesticides, and explore volunteering and training opportunities in sustainable agriculture and energy.
This document provides information about edible landscaping and lists many books on the topic. It begins by noting that some web browser links may not work properly with Microsoft Internet Explorer and recommends alternative browsers. It then provides a long list of book titles and links related to edible landscaping, food gardens, edible plants and flowers, landscaping with fruits and vegetables, and using edible plants in landscape design. The document resources cover topics like growing, cooking with, and designing with edible flowers, fruits, vegetables and other edible plants.
This document contains over 100 links to publications, newsletters, fact sheets, and other resources related to xeriscape gardening and landscaping. The resources cover topics like the 7 stages of successful xeriscaping, water conservation tips, recommended plant lists for various regions, and more. The document provides a comprehensive list of informational materials on designing, installing, and maintaining water-efficient landscapes.
This document provides links to books and resources about keeping chickens and using chicken manure in organic gardening. It includes over 50 book listings with titles, authors and links to library catalogs and book retailers. It also provides additional links to information on topics like composting, soil health, rainwater harvesting, and organic gardening techniques.
This document provides summaries of and links to numerous books and resources about urban beekeeping and beekeeping topics. It begins by noting some browser compatibility issues and then lists over 50 books on topics like urban beekeeping, top-bar beekeeping, natural beekeeping approaches, mason bees, and bee health. Links are provided to purchase or borrow each book from various sources.
Garden Wicking Beds = Water Wise GardeningGardening
Wicking beds are a high-yield, water-efficient gardening system that works well for Perth's sandy soils and dry climate. They consist of a garden bed with a water-holding reservoir directly underneath. Water and nutrients that drain below the plant roots are absorbed back up by capillary action and evaporation. This keeps the soil moist with minimal water waste. DIY wicking beds can be made from materials like bathtubs, barrels or plastic-lined garden beds filled with a porous material like broken bricks to hold water in the reservoir space beneath the plants. Wicking beds require less watering and fertilizer than traditional gardens while providing high and reliable yields, making them a sustainable option for urban food growing.
Self Watering Container Gardens for Drought GardeningGardening
This document provides instructions for creating a self-watering container using two 20-liter buckets. The container is made by drilling holes in one bucket to use as an inner pot within the other bucket. A small plastic pot is secured in the bottom of the inner bucket to hold the plant. A plastic tube inserted down the center fills the space between the buckets with water. Following 12 steps allows one to assemble the container cheaply and easily for growing tomatoes, peppers or eggplants with less frequent watering needs. Though smaller than other self-watering designs, these buckets are quicker to build and can be moved easily while full of water and soil.
The author has been experimenting with and refining sustainable wicking worm beds over the past year. They have found that the beds use little water while maintaining moist soil conditions suitable for growing vegetables and supporting a thriving worm farm. The largest bed described is 2700mm by 1650mm by 600mm deep. It incorporates a worm farm to naturally fertilize the soil and minimize the need for external inputs. The author aims to replace their conventional garden beds with larger wicking worm beds that are self-sustaining ecosystems.
A Brief Overview of Nutrient Cycling in PasturesGardening
This document provides an overview of nutrient cycling in pastures through three key components: soil organisms, pasture plants, and grazing livestock. It describes how nutrients cycle naturally through the soil-plant-animal system when pastures are well-managed. Soil organisms like bacteria, fungi and earthworms break down organic matter and release nutrients in forms available to pasture plants. Plants take up nutrients from the soil and fix nitrogen in the case of legumes. Grazing livestock consume nutrients from forage but most are returned to the pasture through manure and urine, completing the nutrient cycle. Proper management, like rotational grazing and soil testing, can enhance this natural cycling of nutrients in pasture systems.
Adding Value through Sustainable Agriculture EntrepreneurshipGardening
The document provides resources for farmers and entrepreneurs in sustainable agriculture to develop value-added agricultural enterprises. It includes national and regional organizations, financing options, training programs, consultants, and books and websites that provide information on business skills, planning, marketing, financing, and managing agricultural ventures. A special section focuses on resources available in Southern states. The overall goal is to help farmers transition from traditional to sustainable agriculture and strengthen rural communities through entrepreneurship.
Adding Value to Farm Products: An OverviewGardening
This document discusses adding value to farm products through various means of processing and marketing. It distinguishes between capturing value through commodity processing and creating value through unique products and experiences. Starting a food business offers opportunities in specialty and niche markets but faces challenges from regulations and a competitive industry. Non-food options for adding value include crafts, entertainment, and producer cooperatives for energy and fiber. Success requires marketing skills, risk management, and adequate capital and expertise.
Agricultural Business Planning Templates and ResourcesGardening
This document provides resources for agricultural business planning, including templates, publications, and sources of assistance. It lists websites with business planning templates for various agricultural enterprises like chicken, dairy, and greenhouse operations. It also identifies publications from ATTRA and other organizations that can help with feasibility assessment and organic enterprise budgeting. Sources of personal assistance include SCORE and Small Business Development Centers. Software options for developing business plans include FINPACK and Business Plan Pro. Training courses are also identified.
Agriculture, Climate Change and Carbon SequestrationGardening
The document discusses how climate change influences agriculture and how agriculture influences climate change. It states that the Earth's average temperature has increased 1.3 degrees Fahrenheit over the past century and is projected to increase by 3.2 to 7.2 degrees this century. These increases could lengthen growing seasons but also increase drought risks. The document then outlines how agricultural practices like fertilizer use and livestock emissions contribute to greenhouse gas emissions, but that carbon can also be sequestered in soils through certain farming techniques.
This document provides an overview of agroforestry, which integrates trees and shrubs with crops and livestock to create multiple economic and environmental benefits. It describes common agroforestry practices including alleycropping, silvopasture, windbreaks, riparian buffer strips, and forest farming. While agroforestry systems offer advantages, they also involve complex interactions that require careful planning and management. The document provides examples of agroforestry operations and discusses marketing considerations for agroforestry products.
This document provides an overview of considerations for selecting, cultivating, and marketing alternative agronomic crops. It discusses inventorying farm resources to determine suitable alternative crops. Several categories of alternative crops are listed, including cereals, legumes, and oilseeds. Developing new crops requires research into cultivar collection, breeding, production practices, and markets. Resources for information on alternative crop research and production include various state universities and USDA groups. Marketing alternative crops requires exploring demand, competition, and potential markets.
🔥🔥🔥🔥🔥🔥🔥🔥🔥
إضغ بين إيديكم من أقوى الملازم التي صممتها
ملزمة تشريح الجهاز الهيكلي (نظري 3)
💀💀💀💀💀💀💀💀💀💀
تتميز هذهِ الملزمة بعِدة مُميزات :
1- مُترجمة ترجمة تُناسب جميع المستويات
2- تحتوي على 78 رسم توضيحي لكل كلمة موجودة بالملزمة (لكل كلمة !!!!)
#فهم_ماكو_درخ
3- دقة الكتابة والصور عالية جداً جداً جداً
4- هُنالك بعض المعلومات تم توضيحها بشكل تفصيلي جداً (تُعتبر لدى الطالب أو الطالبة بإنها معلومات مُبهمة ومع ذلك تم توضيح هذهِ المعلومات المُبهمة بشكل تفصيلي جداً
5- الملزمة تشرح نفسها ب نفسها بس تكلك تعال اقراني
6- تحتوي الملزمة في اول سلايد على خارطة تتضمن جميع تفرُعات معلومات الجهاز الهيكلي المذكورة في هذهِ الملزمة
واخيراً هذهِ الملزمة حلالٌ عليكم وإتمنى منكم إن تدعولي بالخير والصحة والعافية فقط
كل التوفيق زملائي وزميلاتي ، زميلكم محمد الذهبي 💊💊
🔥🔥🔥🔥🔥🔥🔥🔥🔥
This document provides an overview of wound healing, its functions, stages, mechanisms, factors affecting it, and complications.
A wound is a break in the integrity of the skin or tissues, which may be associated with disruption of the structure and function.
Healing is the body’s response to injury in an attempt to restore normal structure and functions.
Healing can occur in two ways: Regeneration and Repair
There are 4 phases of wound healing: hemostasis, inflammation, proliferation, and remodeling. This document also describes the mechanism of wound healing. Factors that affect healing include infection, uncontrolled diabetes, poor nutrition, age, anemia, the presence of foreign bodies, etc.
Complications of wound healing like infection, hyperpigmentation of scar, contractures, and keloid formation.
Chapter wise All Notes of First year Basic Civil Engineering.pptxDenish Jangid
Chapter wise All Notes of First year Basic Civil Engineering
Syllabus
Chapter-1
Introduction to objective, scope and outcome the subject
Chapter 2
Introduction: Scope and Specialization of Civil Engineering, Role of civil Engineer in Society, Impact of infrastructural development on economy of country.
Chapter 3
Surveying: Object Principles & Types of Surveying; Site Plans, Plans & Maps; Scales & Unit of different Measurements.
Linear Measurements: Instruments used. Linear Measurement by Tape, Ranging out Survey Lines and overcoming Obstructions; Measurements on sloping ground; Tape corrections, conventional symbols. Angular Measurements: Instruments used; Introduction to Compass Surveying, Bearings and Longitude & Latitude of a Line, Introduction to total station.
Levelling: Instrument used Object of levelling, Methods of levelling in brief, and Contour maps.
Chapter 4
Buildings: Selection of site for Buildings, Layout of Building Plan, Types of buildings, Plinth area, carpet area, floor space index, Introduction to building byelaws, concept of sun light & ventilation. Components of Buildings & their functions, Basic concept of R.C.C., Introduction to types of foundation
Chapter 5
Transportation: Introduction to Transportation Engineering; Traffic and Road Safety: Types and Characteristics of Various Modes of Transportation; Various Road Traffic Signs, Causes of Accidents and Road Safety Measures.
Chapter 6
Environmental Engineering: Environmental Pollution, Environmental Acts and Regulations, Functional Concepts of Ecology, Basics of Species, Biodiversity, Ecosystem, Hydrological Cycle; Chemical Cycles: Carbon, Nitrogen & Phosphorus; Energy Flow in Ecosystems.
Water Pollution: Water Quality standards, Introduction to Treatment & Disposal of Waste Water. Reuse and Saving of Water, Rain Water Harvesting. Solid Waste Management: Classification of Solid Waste, Collection, Transportation and Disposal of Solid. Recycling of Solid Waste: Energy Recovery, Sanitary Landfill, On-Site Sanitation. Air & Noise Pollution: Primary and Secondary air pollutants, Harmful effects of Air Pollution, Control of Air Pollution. . Noise Pollution Harmful Effects of noise pollution, control of noise pollution, Global warming & Climate Change, Ozone depletion, Greenhouse effect
Text Books:
1. Palancharmy, Basic Civil Engineering, McGraw Hill publishers.
2. Satheesh Gopi, Basic Civil Engineering, Pearson Publishers.
3. Ketki Rangwala Dalal, Essentials of Civil Engineering, Charotar Publishing House.
4. BCP, Surveying volume 1
A Visual Guide to 1 Samuel | A Tale of Two HeartsSteve Thomason
These slides walk through the story of 1 Samuel. Samuel is the last judge of Israel. The people reject God and want a king. Saul is anointed as the first king, but he is not a good king. David, the shepherd boy is anointed and Saul is envious of him. David shows honor while Saul continues to self destruct.
Temple of Asclepius in Thrace. Excavation resultsKrassimira Luka
The temple and the sanctuary around were dedicated to Asklepios Zmidrenus. This name has been known since 1875 when an inscription dedicated to him was discovered in Rome. The inscription is dated in 227 AD and was left by soldiers originating from the city of Philippopolis (modern Plovdiv).
Beyond Degrees - Empowering the Workforce in the Context of Skills-First.pptxEduSkills OECD
Iván Bornacelly, Policy Analyst at the OECD Centre for Skills, OECD, presents at the webinar 'Tackling job market gaps with a skills-first approach' on 12 June 2024
Level 3 NCEA - NZ: A Nation In the Making 1872 - 1900 SML.pptHenry Hollis
The History of NZ 1870-1900.
Making of a Nation.
From the NZ Wars to Liberals,
Richard Seddon, George Grey,
Social Laboratory, New Zealand,
Confiscations, Kotahitanga, Kingitanga, Parliament, Suffrage, Repudiation, Economic Change, Agriculture, Gold Mining, Timber, Flax, Sheep, Dairying,
The Organic Chronicles No. 1: Mysteries of Organic Farming Revealed
1. LOADS OF RESOURCES FOR ORGANIC FARMERS!
ATTRA—National Sustainable Agriculture Information Service is managed by the National Center for Appropriate Technology (NCAT) and is funded under a grant from the U.S.
Department of Agriculture’s Rural Business-Cooperative Service. Visit the NCAT website, www.ncat.org/agri.html, for more information on our sustainable agriculture projects.
2. Page 2 ATTRA The Organic Chronicles No. 1
ATTRA offers more than 240 publications on organic
and sustainable agriculture topics, including crop
production, rotational and multispecies grazing,
intercropping, composting, ecological soil & pest
management, weed control, and agroforestry.
All of these publications, including a catalog that lists
all materials, can be downloaded free of charge
at ATTRA’s website, www.attra.ncat.org. Paper
copies can be ordered by calling the toll-free
telephone line, 1-800-346-9140.
A Publication of ATTRA - National Sustainable Agriculture Information Service • 1-800-346-9140 • www.attra.ncat.org
Organic Farm Certification & the
National Organic Program
ATTRA’s basic guide to the organic certi-
fication process. Provides a brief history
of organic certification, steps in the cer-
tification process, how to evaluate a cer-
tifier, and how fees are assessed.
www.attra.ncat.org/attra-pub/PDF/
organcert.pdf
Organic Certification Process
Discusses in more detail the organic
certification process—purposes and
benefits of organic certification, steps to
organic certification, and the role of the
inspector.
www.attra.ncat.org/attra-pub/pdf/
organic_certification.pdf
Documentation Forms
These forms are tools for document-
ing practices, inputs, and activities
that demonstrate compliance with the
National Organic Standard. They are
intended to make record keeping easy
and should be shown to the inspec-
tor during annual inspections. There
are four separate packages: “Field
Crops,” “Livestock,” “Market Farm” and
“Orchard, Vineyard, & Berry Crops.”
www://attra.ncat.org/organic.html
National Organic Program Com-
pliance Checklist for Producers
A tool to assist farmers, ranchers,
inspectors, and certifiers in assessing
compliance with the National Organic
Standard. The document reformulates
the Regulations into “yes” and “no”
questions and reflects the requirements
of the Organic System Plan.
www.attra.ncat.org/attra-pub/pdf/compliance.pdf
ATTRA Publications for Organic Producers
Opportunities in Agriculture:
Transitioning to
Organic Production
ATTRA has a special relationship with
the USDA’s Sustainable Agriculture
Network (SAN) and distributes many
of their publications. We are especially
pleased to provide this publication on
transitioning to organic production.
Print only: 1-800-346-9140.
Organic Crops and
Livestock Workbooks
NCAT’s Organic Crops Workbook and
Organic Livestock Workbook are the
result of collaborative effort with many
leaders from the organic community.
Both publications reflect the perspec-
tive of organic inspectors and give the
user a clear picture of all the details that
must be considered in developing a sys-
tem that is compliant with the National
Organic Standard. Unresolved issues
are highlighted and discussed. Excellent
tools for anyone making the transition
from a convention operation.
Crops: www.attra.ncat.org/attra-pub/
pdf/cropsworkbook.pdf
Livestock: www.attra.ncat.org/attra-
pub/pdf/livestockworkbook.pdf
Organic System Plan (OSP)
Templates for Certifiers
Contains template forms that are in
common use by U.S. certifiers. Provides
prospective organic producers with an
insight into the kinds of information
they will need to provide when apply-
tion for certification.
www.attra.ncat.org/attra-pub/pdf/osp
templates.pdf
Special Organic Resources
Information on Organic
Production of fruits, vegetables,
field crops, livestock & marketing.
www.attra.ncat.org/organic.html
Organic Seed Suppliers Search
Organic growers must use organic seed
if commercially available. Web only.
http://attra.ncat.org/attra-pub/altseed_
search.php?
Organic Pest Management
This site has a range of information
about organic management of insect,
weed, and disease pests.
www.attra.ncat.org/pest.html
Organic IPM Field Guide
This is a full-color pictorial guide about
the concepts of organic IPM, outlining
how to promote beneficial organisms. It
includes life cycle pictures of important
beneficials and pests. Presented in four
sections, online or CD-ROM only.
• Beneficial Organisms, Beneficial Habi
tat and Insect Pests
• Plant Disease Management
• Weed Management
• Vertebrate Pest Management
www.attra.ncat.org/attra-pub/summa-
ries/organic_ipm.html
Organic Soils & Fertilizer Issues
www.attra.ncat.org/organic.html#soils
Spanish Language Materials
ATTRA offers many publications and
resources about organics in Spanish.
http://attra.ncat.org/espanol/index.html
The following publications about organic production can be found at www.attra.org/organic.html
IN THIS ISSUE:
Page3-9—”Going Organic”
Page9—Myths & Realities about Going
Organic. Tips from Organic Inspectors
on Transitioning Your Farm.
Page10-12—Where to Learn More
about Organic Agriculture,
Certification, and Marketing
8. Page 8 ATTRA The Organic Chronicles No. 1
PETER VISITS THE ORGANIC FARM OF JEFF AND ANNIE
MAINSTREAM JUST DOWN THE ROAD.
9. Page 9ATTRAwww.attra.ncat.org
LATER AFTER PETER GETS HOME...
Tips from Organic Inspectors
on Transitioning Your Farm to
Organic Production
You don’t have to go hook, line, and sinker into organics.
You can start with a field or parcel. Keep separate records
for the parcel and document all inputs, practices, etc.
You don’t necessarily have to apply for certification at
the beginning of the 36-month transition period. Con-
sult your certifier to learn what will be required. You can
generally wait until about six months before the first har-
vest that will occur after the transition period. The timing
may depend on what you grow as your first crop, so allow
plenty of time.
You must be able to document land use history.
The greatest risks for transitioning producers are record
keeping, human resource management, budgeting, and
coping with the economic transition.
You will need a marketing plan for the crops you grow dur-
ing your transition period. Even though you are managing
the crops as organic during the transition, you will not be
able to sell these crops as organic. The transitional label
does not carry legal status. Since it is possible that your
yields might drop initially, you need to carefully consider
your markets and cash flow.
While some crops may produce lower yields without syn-
thetic fertilizers and pesticides, organic growers often
have relatively low input costs, so your bottom line may
be steady. However, management costs may be higher,
at least initially while you are learning to manage a sys-
tem differently. The organic premium may increase your
profits after certification is complete.
It takes time for your farm’s ecology to adjust to organic
management. The natural processes will continue to
develop as the farm becomes more balanced.
Not all growers find the transition difficult. Producers who
are already rotating crops and using sustainable practices
will likely have an easier time.
Myth Reality
Yields will be
miserable.
Yields are comparable under well
managed systems.
Pests will
eat you up.
Most pest problems can be prevented
using integrated approaches.
Weeds will take
over your farm.
Weed management requires
constant attention.
Transitioning is
impossible.
Transition can be challenging: plan cash
flow with budget projections.
The paperwork
will kill you.
Recordkeeping can help your
operation in many ways in addition
to organic compliance.
You’ll never
make any
money.
Organic certification expands your
market options and often gives
premium prices.
It can’t be done. It can be done if you plan, persist, and
ask for help when you need it.
Myths and Realities about
Going Organic
by Ann Baier, NCAT Program Specialist
WWW.ATTRA.NCAT.ORG
10. Page 10 ATTRA The Organic Chronicles No. 1
Organic Certification
and Education
National Organizations
ATTRA National Sustainable Agriculture Information
Service: 800-346-9140
ATTRA provides a wide range of information about all
aspects of organic certification, practices, record keep-
ing, and documentation forms.
www.attra.ncat.org/organic.html#overview
National Organic Program (NOP)
This website has information on: Certifying Agents,
Consumer Information, NOP Regulations (Standards)
& Guidelines for Producers, Handlers, Processors &
Retailers, State & Cost Share Information, and the lat-
est news from the National Organic Program.
www.ams.usda.gov/nop
For a complete list of certifiers accredited by the USDA’s
National Organic Program, see this page of the website:
www.ams.usda.gov/nop/CertifyingAgents/Accredited.html
Organic Farming Research Foundation (OFRF)
OFRF offers farmer research grants, advocates for
organic public policy, and provides education and net-
working initiatives about organic farming.
www.ofrf.org
Organic Materials Review Institute (OMRI)
For organic certifiers, growers, manufacturers, and sup-
pliers, OMRI provides an independent review of prod-
ucts intended for use in certified organic production,
handling, and processing. Acceptable products appear
on the OMRI Products List.
www.omri.org
Independent Organic Inspector’s Association (IOIA)
This group offers trainings for organic inspectors and
resources related to organic certification.
www.ioia.net/
Universities with Organic Programs
An increasing number of land grant colleges and state
universities offer training and research in organic agri-
culture methods. These include Cornell, Tufts, and
the universities of Arkansas, California, Iowa, Michi-
gan, Minnesota, Ohio, Oregon, North Carolina, Ver-
mont, Washington, West Virginia, and many more. The
Organic Agricultural Consortium has compiled infor-
mation about organic research projects.
www.organicaginfo.org.
Midwestern Organizations
Midwest Organic & Sustainable Education Service
(MOSES) 715-772-3153; www.mosesorganic.org
Minnesota Organic Farmers Info Exchange Program
320-212-3008; http://mofie.coafes.umn.edu
Ohio Ecological Food and Farm Association
614-421-2022; www.oeffa.org
Northeastern Organizations
Maine Organic Farmers and Gardeners Association
207-568-4142; www.mofga.org
Northeast Organic Network (NEON)
518-583-4613; www.neon.cornell.edu
Northeast Organic Farming Association (NOFA)
NOFA is a collaboration of seven states, Connecticut,
New York, New Jersey, Massachusetts, Vermont, Rhode
Island, and New Hampshire. The website has links
to each state chapter. [NOFA-NY is especially useful
regarding certification: http://nofany.org/index.html.]
203-888-5146; www.nofa.org
Where to Learn More about Organic Agriculture,
Certification, and Marketing
Find Organizations Across the Country
NCAT’s Sustainable Agriculture Organizations and
Publications Database lets you search for the groups
near you that deal with organic and sustainable farm
production. Online only:
www.attra.ncat.org/attra-pub/susagorg.php
11. Page 11ATTRAwww.attra.ncat.org
Southern Organizations & Resources
Carolina Farm Stewardship Association
919-542-2402; www.carolinafarmstewards.org
Center for Environmental Farming Systems, Goldsboro,
NC—established by NC State Univ., NC A&T Univ.,
and NC Dept of Agriculture & Consumer Services
919-513-0954; www.cefs.ncsu.edu/organic.htm
Florida Certified Organic Growers and Consumers
352-377-6345; www.foginfo.org
Georgia Organics, Inc
770-993-5534; www.georgiaorganics.org
NCAT & IOIA’s Southern Organic Resource Guide
Organic resources in the South including Ark., Ky.,
La., Miss., and Tenn.. www.attra.ncat.org/sorg
Virginia Association for Biological Farming
540-745-4130; www.vabf.org
Western Organizations & Resources
Alternative Energy Resources Organization
406-443-7272; www.aeromt.org
California Certified Organic Farmers
831-423-2263; www.ccof.org. Going Organic program:
www.ccof.org/goingorganic.php
Colorado Organic Producers Association
970-588-2292; www.organiccolorado.org
Montana Organic Association:
406-887-2869; www.montanaorganicassociation.org
New Mexico Organic Commodity Commission
505-841-9065; http://nmocc.state.nm.us
Oregon Tilth: 503-378-0690; www.tilth.org
Organic Farmer’s Guide to OSU
www.extension.oregonstate.edu/catalogue/pdf/em8835.pdf
Texas Organic Farmers and Gardeners Association
877-326-5175; www.tofga.org
Washington Producers Tilth
206-442-7620; www.tilthproducers.org
Washington State Dept of Ag Organic Food Program
360-902-1805; http://agr.wa.gov/FoodAnimal/Organic
Organic Crop Production and
Marketing Information
ATTRA’s Resource Guide to Organic & Sustainable
Vegetable Production
These educational materials support the needs of organic
and sustainable vegetable farmers.
www.attra.ncat.org/attra-pub/vegetable-guide.html
Cornell University
Look here for links about various aspects of organic pro-
duction of fruits, vegetables, field crops, dairy, cover
crops, and rotations specific to the Northeast.
www.organic.cornell.edu
Growing for Market
Monthly magazine about small-scale farming, sustain-
able agriculture and farm-direct marketing, with a focus
on organic production. For growers of fresh produce and
cut flowers.
www.growingformarket.com
Organic Trade Association
OTA’s website provides extensive links on specific crops
and topics such as soil and pest management.
www.howtogoorganic.com/index.php
New Farm
This website offers detailed stories about organic prac-
tices on specific farms as well as many other features. It
sponsors half a dozen email discussion forums on topics
such as no-till, organic certification, and new farmers.
www.newfarm.org
Sustainable Vegetable Production: Start-up to Market
by Vernon Grubinger. NRAES, Ithaca, NY, 1999
A wealth of practical information on such essential con-
cerns as where to farm, how to steward your soil, what
types of equipment to consider, when to start crops, how
to protect and handle them, and how to market them.
Includes profiles of individual growers. 607-255-8770,
nraes@cornell.edu, www.nraes.org
University of California
Website with links to several UC publications about
organic production, including detailed organic cost pro-
duction studies for many crops.
www.sarep.ucdavis.edu/Organic/index.htm