Theory of Learning

1. ATLAS OF EMOTIONS
PAUL EKMAN
Reporters:
Ma. Yeasa D. Dequiña, PhD
Jhon Rey P. Nacor

2. ATLAS OF EMOTION
Was born February 15, 1934.
He is a Professor Emeritus of
Psychology at University of California
San Francisco who is pioneer in the
study of emotions and their relation to
facial expression. His contribution
include the interpretation of scientific
research into the roots of compassion,
altruism and peaceful human
relationship.
Together with his friend Dalai
Lama, they created the ATLAS OF
EMOTIONS in 2016.
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PAUL EKMAN

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ATLAS OF EMOTION
What is ATLAS?
The definition of atlas is a collection of maps
that are usually bound together and have a
connecting theme (Illinois.edu, 2020).
What is an EMOTION?
According to the American Psychological
Association (APA), emotion is defined as “ a complex
reaction pattern, involving experiential, behavioral and
physiological elements.”

4. “
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“Only our pillow knows the
amount of emotions we
hide from the world”

5. ATLAS OF EMOTIONS
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What is an Atlas of Emotion?
- a comprehensive illustrations
of the states of emotions and how
they relate to each other.

6. The 5 Continents of Emotion

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Emotional Dynamics
Trigger - something around us or in our mind that
automatically causes us to feel an emotion.
Mood - a longer lasting emotion, felt more intensely
and frequently.
States - these universal emotions can be felt mildly,
extremely, or somewhere in between.
Action - practical responses resulting from these
emotional states.
Microexpression - practical responses resulting
from these emotional states.

8. ANGER
feelings brought about by great
displeasure
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9. TRIGGERS OF ANGER
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Universal Triggers - something around us or in
our mind that automatically
causes us to feel an
emotion.
Learned Triggers - cultural, stemming from
widely shared experience, or
personal, arising from more
individual experiences.

10. MOODS OF ANGER
Irritable - predisposed to becoming
angry, easily provoked.

11. STATES OF ANGER
ANNOYANCE
FRUSTRATION
EXASPERATION
ARGUMENTATIVENESS
BITTERNESS
VENGEFULNESS
FURY

12. ACTIONS OF ANGER
• Intrinsic
An emotional state may lead to actions
depending on state.
• Intentional
• Destructive

13. MICROEXPRESSIONS OF ANGER
The eyebrows are lowered and drawn together. Vertical
lines appear between the eyebrows. Lower lid is tensed.

14. FEAR
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one is afraid of danger

15. TRIGGERS OF FEAR
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Universal Triggers - loss of gravity, threat to
safety, imminent bodily
impact.
Learned Triggers - threat of loosing a job, public
speaking and phobia.
MOOD OF FEAR
Apprehensive - anxious that something bad
will happen.

16. STATES OF FEAR
TERROR
HORROR
PANIC
DESPERATION
DREAD
ANXIETY
NERVOUSNESS
TREPIDATION

17. ACTIONS OF FEAR
• Avoid
• Freeze
• Hesitate
• Ruminate
• Scream / Yell
• Withdraw
• Worry

18. MICROEXPRESSIONS OF FEAR
Fear, demonstrated on the face in a
microexpression, looks like: Eyebrows drawing up and
together with tension in the forehead. Lower eyelids
tensing. Mouth opening horizontally in an interaction.

19. SADNESS
is an emotional pain associated with, or
characterized by, feelings of disadvantage,
loss, despair, grief, helplessness,
disappointment and sorrow.
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20. TRIGGERS OF SADNESS
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MOOD OF SADNESS
• Rejection by a friend or lover
• Endings and goodbyes
• Sickness or death of a loved one
• The loss of some aspect of identity (e.g., during times
of transition at home, work, life stages)
• Being disappointed by an unexpected outcome (e.g.,
not receiving a raise at work when you expected it)
Dysphoric (blue) - an enduring feeling of
discouragement or
disappoinmet.

21. STATES OF SADNESS
1. ANGUISH - Intense agitated sadness
2. SORROW - Sadness over a loss
3. GRIEF – Anguished sadness over a loss of loved ones
4 DESPAIR – Resigned anguished
5. MISERY - Anguished sadness usually prolonged
6. HOPELESSNESS - A feeling that nothing good is to come
7. HELPLESSNESS – Realization of the inability to prevent or cope with
the loss
8.RESIGNATION - Acceptance that nothing can be done
9.DISTRAUGHTNESS - Agitated sadness
10.DISCOURAGEMENT - A feeling that there is no way to cope
11.DISAPPOINTMENT- A feeling that expectations are not being met

22. ACTIONS OF SADNESS
1. Feel Ashamed – embarrassed by one’s feelings
about the loss.
2. Mourn – express grief for ones loss.
3. Protest – object to the loss.
4. Ruminate – obsessively think about the emotional
experience.
5. Seek Comfort – seek help or support from others.
6. Withdraw – physically staying away.

23. MICROEXPRESSIONS OF SADNESS
Sad microexpressions are not very large or noticeable.
There's no large tell like a smile when a person is sad. Sadness,
unlike surprise, is also one of the longer-lasting
microexpressions. People can even develop a resting sad face.

24. DISGUST
is one of the seven universal emotions
and arises as a feeling of aversion
towards something offensive
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25. TRIGGERS OF DISGUST
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MOOD OF DISGUST
•Expelled bodily products such as feces, vomit, urine, mucus
and blood
•Certain foods (often from cultures other than our own)
•Something rotting, diseased or dying
•Injuries, surgeries and/or being exposed to bodily insides
•A person, animal or thing one considers physically ugly
•Perceived perversions or actions of other people (such as
certain sexual inclinations, torture or servitude)
Sour - generally repulsed.

26. STATES OF DISGUST
1. Loathing - Intense disgust focussed on a person
2. Abhorrence - Extreme repulsion
3. Revulsion - Very intense disgust
4. Repugnance – Repulsion to something literally or figuratively
toxic
5. Distaste - Response to bad taste or smell . Can also be
metamorphical
6. Aversion - Desire to avoid something disgusting
7. Dislike – Mildest form of disgust

27. ACTIONS OF DISGUST
1. Avoid – either physically stay away from
whatever is triggering.
2. Dehumanize – treat someone as though he
or she is not a human being.
3. Vomit – respond to feeling of disgust by
throwing up.
4. Withdraw – physically or mentally leave the
scene of what triggers the disgust.

28. MICROEXPRESSIONS OF DISGUST
Wrinkling around the nose. Upper lip
rising. Eyebrows move down without tension (contrast this
with anger where the eyebrows are pulled together and the
eyelids are raised and tense).

29. ENJOYMENT
a feeling of happiness or pleasure.
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30. TRIGGERS OF ENJOYMENT
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MOOD OF ENJOYMENT
•Enjoyment derived through one of the five senses (touch, taste, smell,
sight, sound)
•Witnessing or participating in acts of human goodness, kindness, and
compassion
•Relieving suffering in yourself and/or in others
•Experiencing or witnessing something humorous or amusing
•Personal achievement or witnessing the achievements of a loved one
•Experiencing something beautiful, surprising or amazing
•Feeling connected (i.e., to yourself, other people, places, animals, nature,
a cause, spirit or religion)
Elated - a long – lasting generally
good feeling.

31. STATES OF ENJOYMENT
1. ECSTASY - Rapturous delight. A state of very great happiness, nearly
overwhelming.
2. EXCITEMENT –Energy that, unlike other enjoyable emotions, is rarely
felt slightly, but ranges from mid to high in intesnity. May merge with
any of the emotions, generating a very active form of that emotion.
3. WONDER –An experience of something that is very surprising,
beautiful, amazing or hard to believe.
4. NACHES –A Yiddish word for feelings of pride in the
accomplishments, or sometimes just the existence, of your actual
offspring or mentored offspring. Crucial for motivating the nurture of
infants and children.
5. FIERO- An Italian word that describes the enjoyment felt when you
have met a challenge that stretched your capabilities.

32. STATES OF ENJOYMENT
6. PRIDE - A desire for others to know the pleasure you feel in your own
accomplishments or the accomplishments of someone you either
nurtured directly or identify with.
7. RELIEF –When something expected to be unpleasant, especially the
threat of harm, is avoided or comes to an end.
8. SCHADENFREUDE - Enjoyment of the misfortunes of another person,
usually a rival
9. AMUSEMENT - Light, playful feelings of enjoyment and good humor..
10. COMPASSION/JOY- Enjoyment felt when you act to relieve another
person’s suffering.
11. REJOICING - A warm, uplifting feeling that people experience when they
see acts of human goodness, kindness and compassion. Also called
elevation.
12 SENSORY PLEASURE- Enjoyment derived through one of the five
physical senses: sight, sound, touch, taste and smell.

33. ACTIONS OF DISGUST
1. Exclaim – vocally express enjoyment to others.
2. Engage – share one’s feeling to others.
3. Gloat – enjoy others envy of your state of
enjoyment.
4. Maintain – do what is necessary to continue.
5. Savor – appreciate the good feelings around.
6. Seek more – attempt to increase the enjoyable
moments.

34. MICROEXPRESSIONS OF ENJOYMENT

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Thank You!
https://www.paulekman.com/universal-emotions/