Heat Illness prevention, protection and recovery
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Heat illness can grab anyone in most every industry and out-of-work activities. Presenter is a coach outside of work, a Safety, Health and Wellness professional, and has seen both athletes and workers fall victim to heat. This presentation uses facts from a variety of sources along with his first-hand experience.
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Heat Illness prevention, protection and recovery
- 1. Heat Illnesses – prevention, protection, and recovery Jim O’Dell, EHS/Wellness Manager
- 2. How Hot is it?
- 4. Hot Stats • + - 400 deaths are attributed to excessive natural heat annually in USA – 6% children less than 4 years old – 41% persons aged >75 years – 73% all aged deaths occurred among males – these deaths are preventable
- 5. Hot Sport Facts • Heat fatalities in sport… – 5 sport deaths in America 1931-1959 – 103 deaths in America 1960-2000 National Center for Catastrophic Sport Injury Research
- 6. Falling Victim to Heat • Know the signs and symptoms of the various types of heat-related illnesses • Excessive thirst • Sleepiness or fatigue • Dry mouth • Muscle weakness or cramps • Headache • Dizziness or lightheadedness • Sweating profusely • No sweat; hot red skin
- 7. Three Major Heat Illnesses • Heat and humidity can cause several types of heat-related illnesses. The three major illnesses are: – heat cramps – heat exhaustion – heat stroke
- 8. Heat and Humidity? • The Heat Index • Combines air temperature and relative humidity to determine how hot it actually feels – Relative humidity is high, evaporation rate of the water is reduced – Heat is removed at a lower rate, causing it to retain more heat than in dry air • Higher combinations of heat and humidity make the body more susceptible to heat-related illnesses
- 9. Heat Index Table Extreme Caution Heat Index 130 F or higher 105 – 129 F 90 – 105 F Sun / Heat stroke, muscle cramps, and/or heat exhaustion likely. Heatstroke possible with prolonged exposure and/or physical activity. Sun / Heat stroke, muscle cramps, and/or heat exhaustion possible with prolonged exposure and/or physical activity. Caution 80 – 90 F Fatigue possible with prolonged exposure and/or physical activity. Category Extreme Danger Danger Possible heat illness Heat stroke or sun stroke likely.
- 10. Working Challenge • Consistently and safely meet requirements for performance daily, weekly, annually and length of career • Develop endurance to match the daily demand of 8 – 12 hours, especially in the heat • Develop endurance required to recover after working day after day of 8 – 12 hour shifts • Be capable of strong aerobic endurance, body flexibility and balanced body strength • Develop healthy habits including proper hydration levels
- 11. Your Body is Fluid • Roughly 70 percent of your body is made up of water • Thirsty? Amount of water in your body is reduced by one percent • You can lose up to 10 cups of water daily by sweating, breathing and eliminating waste
- 13. Responding to Heat • The body normally cools itself by sweating • During hot weather several factors can affect the body’s response – high humidity: sweat will not evaporate as quickly, preventing the body from quickly releasing heat – other factors: age, obesity, fever, dehydration, heart disease, poor circulation, sunburn, caffeine
- 14. Falling Victim to Heat • Know the signs and symptoms of the various types of heat-related illnesses • Excessive thirst • Sleepiness or fatigue • Dry mouth • Muscle weakness or cramps • Headache • Dizziness or lightheadedness • Sweating profusely • No sweat; hot red skin http://www.theweathernetwork.com/undertheweather/details/826/1139160
- 15. Signs & Symptoms • • • • Heat Cramps • Leg cramps Muscular pain and spasms due to heavy exertion • Muscle spasms • Tightened abdomen Loss of waterWeak,salt through sweating • and faint or dizzy • Possible nausea Usually occurs during outdoor and/or • Normal strenuous activities mental status Can occur even when it does not seem very hot or humid
- 16. Signs & Symptoms • • • • Heat Exhaustion • Skin blood flow to Fluid loss causingis cool and moistdecrease to vital organs• Excessive perspiration • Pupils are dilated (large) Flu-like symptomstemp occur hours after illness • Body can near normal • Strong life threatening if Serious though not headache • Weak, dizzy or faint identified and treated properly • Disorientation Without treatment, heat exhaustion can lead • Dark and decreased urine to heat stroke
- 17. Signs & Symptoms Heat Stroke • Skin type and dry • The most seriousis hot of heat-related illness • No sweating that is LIFE THREATENING and requires • care IMMEDIATE Pupils are very small • Victim is confused or unable • Occurs when the body’s heat regulating to think straight system fails • Possible seizures • Body temperatures raise to a point that brain • Body temperature is very damage and death may result,as 105° the body high (can be as high unless F) is cooled very quickly
- 19. Care and Treatment • • • Heat Cramps Heat Exhaustion Heat Stroke Move to a cooler location Call 911 immediately Get medical attention Move victim to a cool area loses Seek medical help if victim consciousness Loosen clothing Lay victim on their back and elevate feet 8-10 Drink inchesplentywith water Douse body of fluids (water, juice, sport drink) If conscious, give 8wetof water to neck, Apply ice packs or oz clothes every 15 minutes, supporting their head armpits and groin Cool by fanning or spraying with cool water
- 20. Another look
- 21. Preventing Heat-Related Emergencies • • • • • • • • • Avoid long periods of direct sunlight Use at least SPF 15 sunblock Keep air circulating around your body Lightweight, loosely fitting or wicking clothes Eat light foods; heavy food digestion makes heat Non-caffeinated fluids Drink water or other electrolyte products Never wait until you feel thirsty A healthy person can drink up to three gallons (48 cups) of water per day!
- 22. Pay Attention to the Weather
- 23. Pre-Hydration • 16-24 fluidounces of water consumed an hour before strenuous activity – then • Non-caffeinated beverages during and after work or play with: • 16 fluidounces of water every hour • Supplement water with 8 fluidounces of an electrolyte replacement drink for sodium and potassium replenishment every 60-90 mins. • Relying solely on sports drinks can be harmful
- 24. Post-Hydration • Thoroughly hydrate at least twice a day • After activity, thoroughly quench your thirst. This should also take about two to three glasses of fluid • If plain water is too boring try a mix of orange juice and water (3 parts O.J. to 1 part water) or various 100-percent fruit juices also diluted with water • Low-fat chocolate milk is great for recovery. Protein, carbs and other nutrients, hastens quick muscle recovery. Try a 50-50 mix of chocolate soy milk and one-percent low-fat milk
- 25. Who’s your Pal? • Monitor condition of your friends and/or coworkers when working in the heat • Have someone check on you twice a day when working in a heat wave • Check on elderly twice per day • Heat-induced illnesses can cause confusion and loss of
- 26. Ready for the Heat? • • • • Dress in light colored, lightweight clothing Drink lots of non-caffeinated beverages Eat lighter meals more often Keep cool in air-conditioned rooms as you can. Use your break times wisely • At the first sign of a heat-related illness, stop all activity, cool down, and provide proper treatment
- 27. Ahhhh