Atopic dermatitis (AD) is a multifactorial allergic skin disease caused by both genetic and environmental factors. Key characteristics include IgE-mediated allergen response, chronic recurrent course, early childhood onset, and family history of atopy. AD presents with erythema, papules, vesicles, excoriations, and scaling and can range from mild to severe based on extent, frequency of flares, and treatment response. Proper management includes identification and avoidance of triggers, moisturization, topical anti-inflammatory agents, and systemic therapy in severe cases.
1. Dermatitis is inflammation of the skin that can be caused by physical, chemical, or plant factors. Contact dermatitis is divided into simplex and allergic types.
2. Acute dermatitis is characterized by redness, swelling, papules, vesicles, bullae, erosions and weeping, while chronic dermatitis involves stagnant redness, lichenification, thickening, and scaling.
3. Eczema is a skin condition caused by neuroallergic factors from external and internal influences. It can involve inflammatory spots, papules, vesicles, pustules, micro-erosions, scaling and crusting. Treatment depends on the cause, location and external influences.
Atopic dermatitis is a chronic, pruritic inflammatory skin condition seen in individuals with a personal or family history of atopy. It is characterized by periods of flare-ups and remission influenced by environmental and emotional factors. The diagnosis is based on clinical features including pruritus, typical morphology and distribution of lesions, and a history of atopy. Management involves identifying triggering factors, using topical emollients and corticosteroids, oral antihistamines and antibiotics, and more intensive therapies for severe cases such as phototherapy or immunosuppressants.
The document discusses atopic dermatitis (AD), also known as eczema. It defines AD as a pruritic, chronic inflammatory skin condition characterized by dry skin and itchy rashes. AD is common in childhood and often runs in families with other allergic diseases. The pathogenesis involves genetic predisposition, skin barrier defects, and abnormal immune responses. Clinical manifestations vary depending on the stage of life, from facial rashes in infants to thickened plaques on flexural areas in older patients. Treatment focuses on moisturizing the skin, identifying trigger factors, and using topical corticosteroids or calcineurin inhibitors to control symptoms.
This document provides information about various skin diseases and disorders. It begins by defining different primary skin lesions such as macules, papules, nodules, etc. It then classifies skin disorders into five main categories: acute inflammatory dermatoses, chronic inflammatory dermatoses, infectious dermatoses, blistering disorders, and skin tumors. Examples of specific conditions are provided for each category. More detail is given about conditions like eczema, urticaria, pemphigus, and psoriasis - outlining their pathogenesis, clinical features, types, treatment and more. In summary, the document covers a wide range of skin diseases and lesions at both a high level and with more in-depth explanations of
Skin diseases discussed in the document include alopecia, acne, amyloid disease, cellulitis, eczema, psoriasis, scabies, pityriasis alba, urticaria, basal cell carcinoma, seborrheic dermatitis and more. For each condition, causes, locations, symptoms and treatments are described in detail providing an overview of common dermatological conditions.
Dermatomyositis is a rare inflammatory myopathy with characteristic skin manifestations and muscular weakness.
Polymyositis is a similar disease without skin lesions.
Amyopathic dermatomyositis: typical cutaneous manifestation of DM without clinical and/or laboratory findings of muscle involvement for at least 6 months after the onset of skin rash.
Acute gastrointestinal infections (AGI);-a group of infectious diseases of different etiology (viral, bacterial, fungal, parasitic), characterized by fecal-oral route of transmission, primarily involving the gastrointestinal tract.
Among infectious diseases in children acute intestinal infections require special attention. Only acute respiratory illness exceed them by the spread of morbidity, and in the structure of mortality from infectious causes in Ukraine AGI take 2-3 place.
According to the WHO classification, all human diarrheal diseases are divided into infectious and noninfectious. Infectious diarrhea are divided into invasive (inflammatory, blood) and secretory (noninflammatory, watery).
Dermatitis is an inflammation of the skin that causes redness, swelling and itchiness. There are many types of dermatitis including atopic dermatitis, contact dermatitis and seborrheic dermatitis. Contact dermatitis occurs when the skin comes into contact with an irritant or allergen and can be either irritant or allergic in nature. Symptoms vary depending on the type but may include a rash, blisters, dry cracked skin and itchiness. Treatment involves identifying and avoiding triggers, using moisturizers and topical or oral medications like corticosteroids and antihistamines.
1. Dermatitis is inflammation of the skin that can be caused by physical, chemical, or plant factors. Contact dermatitis is divided into simplex and allergic types.
2. Acute dermatitis is characterized by redness, swelling, papules, vesicles, bullae, erosions and weeping, while chronic dermatitis involves stagnant redness, lichenification, thickening, and scaling.
3. Eczema is a skin condition caused by neuroallergic factors from external and internal influences. It can involve inflammatory spots, papules, vesicles, pustules, micro-erosions, scaling and crusting. Treatment depends on the cause, location and external influences.
Atopic dermatitis is a chronic, pruritic inflammatory skin condition seen in individuals with a personal or family history of atopy. It is characterized by periods of flare-ups and remission influenced by environmental and emotional factors. The diagnosis is based on clinical features including pruritus, typical morphology and distribution of lesions, and a history of atopy. Management involves identifying triggering factors, using topical emollients and corticosteroids, oral antihistamines and antibiotics, and more intensive therapies for severe cases such as phototherapy or immunosuppressants.
The document discusses atopic dermatitis (AD), also known as eczema. It defines AD as a pruritic, chronic inflammatory skin condition characterized by dry skin and itchy rashes. AD is common in childhood and often runs in families with other allergic diseases. The pathogenesis involves genetic predisposition, skin barrier defects, and abnormal immune responses. Clinical manifestations vary depending on the stage of life, from facial rashes in infants to thickened plaques on flexural areas in older patients. Treatment focuses on moisturizing the skin, identifying trigger factors, and using topical corticosteroids or calcineurin inhibitors to control symptoms.
This document provides information about various skin diseases and disorders. It begins by defining different primary skin lesions such as macules, papules, nodules, etc. It then classifies skin disorders into five main categories: acute inflammatory dermatoses, chronic inflammatory dermatoses, infectious dermatoses, blistering disorders, and skin tumors. Examples of specific conditions are provided for each category. More detail is given about conditions like eczema, urticaria, pemphigus, and psoriasis - outlining their pathogenesis, clinical features, types, treatment and more. In summary, the document covers a wide range of skin diseases and lesions at both a high level and with more in-depth explanations of
Skin diseases discussed in the document include alopecia, acne, amyloid disease, cellulitis, eczema, psoriasis, scabies, pityriasis alba, urticaria, basal cell carcinoma, seborrheic dermatitis and more. For each condition, causes, locations, symptoms and treatments are described in detail providing an overview of common dermatological conditions.
Dermatomyositis is a rare inflammatory myopathy with characteristic skin manifestations and muscular weakness.
Polymyositis is a similar disease without skin lesions.
Amyopathic dermatomyositis: typical cutaneous manifestation of DM without clinical and/or laboratory findings of muscle involvement for at least 6 months after the onset of skin rash.
Acute gastrointestinal infections (AGI);-a group of infectious diseases of different etiology (viral, bacterial, fungal, parasitic), characterized by fecal-oral route of transmission, primarily involving the gastrointestinal tract.
Among infectious diseases in children acute intestinal infections require special attention. Only acute respiratory illness exceed them by the spread of morbidity, and in the structure of mortality from infectious causes in Ukraine AGI take 2-3 place.
According to the WHO classification, all human diarrheal diseases are divided into infectious and noninfectious. Infectious diarrhea are divided into invasive (inflammatory, blood) and secretory (noninflammatory, watery).
Dermatitis is an inflammation of the skin that causes redness, swelling and itchiness. There are many types of dermatitis including atopic dermatitis, contact dermatitis and seborrheic dermatitis. Contact dermatitis occurs when the skin comes into contact with an irritant or allergen and can be either irritant or allergic in nature. Symptoms vary depending on the type but may include a rash, blisters, dry cracked skin and itchiness. Treatment involves identifying and avoiding triggers, using moisturizers and topical or oral medications like corticosteroids and antihistamines.
L3-Dermatitis - eczema and related disorder OmarHamwi4
This document discusses different types of dermatitis (eczema) including their definitions, classifications, clinical presentations, pathogeneses and management approaches. It covers common types such as atopic dermatitis, seborrheic dermatitis, contact dermatitis, nummular dermatitis and neurodermatitis. For each type, it describes their characteristic features, underlying causes and recommended treatment lines. The document aims to help recognize different eczema subtypes and understand their management.
Dr. Angelo Smith discusses various types of dermatitis and eczema. He covers topics such as the characteristic presentations, locations, triggers, and treatment approaches for atopic dermatitis, contact dermatitis, dyshidrotic eczema, nummular eczema, and seborrheic dermatitis among others. The document provides clinical guidance on distinguishing features, management, and considerations for different forms of dermatitis and eczema.
Dr. Angelo Smith discusses various types of dermatitis and eczema. He covers topics such as the characteristic presentations, locations, triggers, and treatment approaches for atopic dermatitis, contact dermatitis, dyshidrotic eczema, nummular eczema, and seborrheic dermatitis among others. The document provides clinical guidance on distinguishing features, comorbidities, and management strategies for common inflammatory skin conditions.
1. The document discusses differential diagnosis of infectious diseases with rashes, focusing on chickenpox, herpes simplex, and herpes zoster.
2. Key characteristics of chickenpox include crops of itchy vesicles that scab over, involvement of scalp and mucous membranes, and lifelong immunity after infection.
3. Herpes simplex causes small fragile vesicles on the nose, lips and mouth without systemic symptoms. Herpes zoster presents as grouped vesicles along dermatomes with accompanying neuralgia.
This is a lecture given at the American University of Beirut for medical students during their dermatology rotation as an elective.
It is an introductory lecture about skin inflammatory diseases.
This document discusses the assessment and management of inflammatory and allergic skin conditions including dermatitis, allergic reactions, and psoriasis. It describes the main types of dermatitis such as atopic dermatitis, contact dermatitis, features such as rashes, itching, thickening of skin. It also discusses allergic reactions, triggers, and treatments including topical corticosteroids and antibiotics. Psoriasis is introduced as a chronic inflammatory skin disorder affecting areas like the elbows and knees with thick, silvery scales and management includes slowing skin turnover and controlling the disease cycle.
This document provides information on atopic dermatitis (AD), including its definition, epidemiology, pathogenesis, clinical features, complications, diagnosis, and differential diagnosis. AD is defined as an itchy, chronic inflammatory skin condition with a flexural distribution and early age of onset. Genetic and environmental factors contribute to skin barrier dysfunction and immune dysregulation underlying AD. Clinical features vary by age but commonly include dry skin, rashes, and skin thickening/lichenification due to scratching. Secondary infections can occur. Diagnosis is based on characteristic features and history. Differential diagnoses include other eczemas and psoriasis.
Erythema, telangiectases, urticaria, and Henoch–Schönlein purpura are types of skin conditions. Erythema is redness of the skin caused by increased blood flow and can be localized or diffuse. Telangiectases are permanently dilated small blood vessels that fade with pressure. Urticaria, also known as hives, are transient raised swellings of the skin that fade with pressure. Henoch–Schönlein purpura is a condition typically seen in children characterized by purpuric skin rashes. The document discusses the causes, presentations, and treatments of these various skin conditions.
This document discusses different types of skin conditions including erythema, telangiectases, urticaria, and purpura. It provides detailed information on each condition including causes, clinical features, types, management, and differential diagnoses. Henoch–Schönlein purpura is mentioned as a type of purpura that mainly affects children and is associated with IgA vasculitis.
The document discusses two forms of cutaneous bacterial infections: impetigo and subcutaneous tissue infections. It describes the characteristics of nonbullous and bullous impetigo, including their etiology, symptoms, diagnosis and treatment. It also discusses cellulitis and staphylococcal scalded skin syndrome as types of subcutaneous tissue infections, providing details on their clinical manifestations, causative agents, and management.
This document discusses atopic dermatitis (AD), also known as eczema. Some key points:
1. AD is a chronic, relapsing inflammatory skin disease that is most common in childhood. It affects 15-20% of children in industrialized nations.
2. Symptoms vary by age but commonly include itchy, red, scaly skin rashes. Lesions typically affect the face, neck, hands and skin folds.
3. AD results from a complex interaction between genetic and environmental factors. Triggers include wool, harsh soaps and emotional stress. Treatment focuses on reducing triggers and includes emollients, topical steroids and antihistamines.
This document provides information on bacterial skin infections (pyodermas). It discusses the main pathogens involved, including Staphylococcus aureus and Streptococcus species. It describes the pathogenesis of pyodermas and the factors that can contribute to their development. The document classifies pyodermas and provides details on specific types such as vesiculopustulosis, Finger's pseudofurunculosis, epidemic pemphigus of newborns, staphylococcal scalded skin syndrome, folliculitis, furuncle, and carbuncle. Treatment options are mentioned for severe infections like staphylococcal scalded skin syndrome which typically requires hospitalization and intravenous antibiotics.
Atopic dermatitis (AD) is a common chronic inflammatory skin disease characterized by intense itching, dry skin, inflammation, and exudation. It often has an early age of onset, with 50% of cases diagnosed by 1 year of age. AD is frequently associated with asthma, food allergy, allergic rhinitis, and recurrent skin infections. Trigger factors include stress, irritants, microbes, and allergens. The clinical features of AD vary depending on the age of the patient, from erythematous papules and exudation in infants to lichenified plaques on elbows and knees in children and adults. Diagnosis is based on criteria developed by Hanifin and Raj
This document discusses several skin diseases and conditions:
- Alopecia (hair loss) can be caused by autoimmune disorders, stress, systemic diseases, medications, hair processing, male/female pattern baldness, and scarring.
- Acne rosacea is a chronic inflammatory skin disease usually beginning in middle age, characterized by redness and papules/pustules on the face. Diet and psychological/menopausal factors may contribute.
- Cellulitis is a bacterial skin infection involving deeper skin layers. It is commonly caused by streptococcus or staphylococcus bacteria and symptoms include swelling, redness, fever and lymph node swelling. Erysipelas is a form of
What is eczema?
Eczema (Dermatitis)-
A particular type of inflammatory reaction of the skin in which there is erythema (reddening), edema (swelling), papules (bumps), and crusting of the skin followed, finally, by lichenification (thickening) and scaling of the skin.
Eczema characteristically causes itching and burning of the skin.
What Causes eczema?
Allergy- One of the commonest cause of Eczema. Triggers include Dust, detergents, rubber, nickel plated jewelry etc.
Environment- More likely in urban areas due to high pollution levels. Extremely dry or cold weather tends to make skin scratchy, resulting in eczema.
Obesity- Obese children are 3 times more likely to get eczema. Obesity results in inflammation of fat tissues that spills into other parts of the body. Excess fat also results in poor circulation and skin ailments.
Smoking- One of the leading causes, especially on the fingers that hold the cigarettes, as well as lips.
Stress- Physical or emotional stress has been known to cause enhanced sensitivity and inflammatory skin changes.
Diaper rash- In babies eczema occurs because of chemical effect of urine/faeces on sensitive skin.
Genetic influence- More likely in individuals with a family history of Eczema or other allergic conditions like Asthma, Hay fever, etc.
Eczema is one of those chronic relapsing conditions that one has to live with and with its majorly early onset, it is important to diagnose it early in order to improve one's quality of life.
This document discusses eczema, including its classification, symptoms, and treatment. It begins by defining eczema as a skin condition characterized by itching and scratching. It then classifies eczema based on etiology, morphology, and chronicity. Symptoms of acute eczema include erythema, vesicles, and crusting, while chronic eczema features lichenification. Complications can be dermatological like infection or psychosocial like anxiety. Treatment involves identifying triggers, moisturizing, and using topical corticosteroids or immunosuppressants. It also focuses on atopic dermatitis, its causes, features in infants/children/adults, and management through avoidance of
Eczema, also known as dermatitis, is a chronic inflammatory skin disease characterized by itchy, red, swollen and cracked skin. It most commonly presents in children under 5 years old. The exact cause is unknown but involves genetic factors, dry skin, and an altered immune response. Treatment focuses on reducing inflammation, moisturizing the skin, preventing infection, and identifying trigger factors. Proper skin care and use of emollients, topical corticosteroids and immunomodulators can help control symptoms and prevent flare ups of the condition.
This document discusses vesiculobullous disorders in children. It begins with an introduction and overview of primary vesiculobullous disorders including vesicles, bullae and pustules. It then discusses specific disorders like pemphigus vulgaris, pemphigoid, and herpes infections. Clinical features, etiology, pathogenesis, treatment and prognosis are described for conditions like erythema multiforme, Stevens-Johnson syndrome, toxic epidermal necrolysis and various forms of epidermolysis bullosa. Management involves addressing infections, wound care and supportive measures.
Dr Muhammad Raza's presentation provides information about atopic dermatitis (eczema), including its signs and symptoms, causes, diagnosis, and management. The key points are that it is a chronic skin condition causing red, itchy, cracked skin that is common in children; has genetic and immunological factors; and is typically diagnosed clinically and managed through moisturizers, topical steroids, and other topical or systemic treatments depending on severity. The goal is for participants to understand the basic concepts, diagnosis, management, and appropriate referrals for atopic dermatitis.
L3-Dermatitis - eczema and related disorder OmarHamwi4
This document discusses different types of dermatitis (eczema) including their definitions, classifications, clinical presentations, pathogeneses and management approaches. It covers common types such as atopic dermatitis, seborrheic dermatitis, contact dermatitis, nummular dermatitis and neurodermatitis. For each type, it describes their characteristic features, underlying causes and recommended treatment lines. The document aims to help recognize different eczema subtypes and understand their management.
Dr. Angelo Smith discusses various types of dermatitis and eczema. He covers topics such as the characteristic presentations, locations, triggers, and treatment approaches for atopic dermatitis, contact dermatitis, dyshidrotic eczema, nummular eczema, and seborrheic dermatitis among others. The document provides clinical guidance on distinguishing features, management, and considerations for different forms of dermatitis and eczema.
Dr. Angelo Smith discusses various types of dermatitis and eczema. He covers topics such as the characteristic presentations, locations, triggers, and treatment approaches for atopic dermatitis, contact dermatitis, dyshidrotic eczema, nummular eczema, and seborrheic dermatitis among others. The document provides clinical guidance on distinguishing features, comorbidities, and management strategies for common inflammatory skin conditions.
1. The document discusses differential diagnosis of infectious diseases with rashes, focusing on chickenpox, herpes simplex, and herpes zoster.
2. Key characteristics of chickenpox include crops of itchy vesicles that scab over, involvement of scalp and mucous membranes, and lifelong immunity after infection.
3. Herpes simplex causes small fragile vesicles on the nose, lips and mouth without systemic symptoms. Herpes zoster presents as grouped vesicles along dermatomes with accompanying neuralgia.
This is a lecture given at the American University of Beirut for medical students during their dermatology rotation as an elective.
It is an introductory lecture about skin inflammatory diseases.
This document discusses the assessment and management of inflammatory and allergic skin conditions including dermatitis, allergic reactions, and psoriasis. It describes the main types of dermatitis such as atopic dermatitis, contact dermatitis, features such as rashes, itching, thickening of skin. It also discusses allergic reactions, triggers, and treatments including topical corticosteroids and antibiotics. Psoriasis is introduced as a chronic inflammatory skin disorder affecting areas like the elbows and knees with thick, silvery scales and management includes slowing skin turnover and controlling the disease cycle.
This document provides information on atopic dermatitis (AD), including its definition, epidemiology, pathogenesis, clinical features, complications, diagnosis, and differential diagnosis. AD is defined as an itchy, chronic inflammatory skin condition with a flexural distribution and early age of onset. Genetic and environmental factors contribute to skin barrier dysfunction and immune dysregulation underlying AD. Clinical features vary by age but commonly include dry skin, rashes, and skin thickening/lichenification due to scratching. Secondary infections can occur. Diagnosis is based on characteristic features and history. Differential diagnoses include other eczemas and psoriasis.
Erythema, telangiectases, urticaria, and Henoch–Schönlein purpura are types of skin conditions. Erythema is redness of the skin caused by increased blood flow and can be localized or diffuse. Telangiectases are permanently dilated small blood vessels that fade with pressure. Urticaria, also known as hives, are transient raised swellings of the skin that fade with pressure. Henoch–Schönlein purpura is a condition typically seen in children characterized by purpuric skin rashes. The document discusses the causes, presentations, and treatments of these various skin conditions.
This document discusses different types of skin conditions including erythema, telangiectases, urticaria, and purpura. It provides detailed information on each condition including causes, clinical features, types, management, and differential diagnoses. Henoch–Schönlein purpura is mentioned as a type of purpura that mainly affects children and is associated with IgA vasculitis.
The document discusses two forms of cutaneous bacterial infections: impetigo and subcutaneous tissue infections. It describes the characteristics of nonbullous and bullous impetigo, including their etiology, symptoms, diagnosis and treatment. It also discusses cellulitis and staphylococcal scalded skin syndrome as types of subcutaneous tissue infections, providing details on their clinical manifestations, causative agents, and management.
This document discusses atopic dermatitis (AD), also known as eczema. Some key points:
1. AD is a chronic, relapsing inflammatory skin disease that is most common in childhood. It affects 15-20% of children in industrialized nations.
2. Symptoms vary by age but commonly include itchy, red, scaly skin rashes. Lesions typically affect the face, neck, hands and skin folds.
3. AD results from a complex interaction between genetic and environmental factors. Triggers include wool, harsh soaps and emotional stress. Treatment focuses on reducing triggers and includes emollients, topical steroids and antihistamines.
This document provides information on bacterial skin infections (pyodermas). It discusses the main pathogens involved, including Staphylococcus aureus and Streptococcus species. It describes the pathogenesis of pyodermas and the factors that can contribute to their development. The document classifies pyodermas and provides details on specific types such as vesiculopustulosis, Finger's pseudofurunculosis, epidemic pemphigus of newborns, staphylococcal scalded skin syndrome, folliculitis, furuncle, and carbuncle. Treatment options are mentioned for severe infections like staphylococcal scalded skin syndrome which typically requires hospitalization and intravenous antibiotics.
Atopic dermatitis (AD) is a common chronic inflammatory skin disease characterized by intense itching, dry skin, inflammation, and exudation. It often has an early age of onset, with 50% of cases diagnosed by 1 year of age. AD is frequently associated with asthma, food allergy, allergic rhinitis, and recurrent skin infections. Trigger factors include stress, irritants, microbes, and allergens. The clinical features of AD vary depending on the age of the patient, from erythematous papules and exudation in infants to lichenified plaques on elbows and knees in children and adults. Diagnosis is based on criteria developed by Hanifin and Raj
This document discusses several skin diseases and conditions:
- Alopecia (hair loss) can be caused by autoimmune disorders, stress, systemic diseases, medications, hair processing, male/female pattern baldness, and scarring.
- Acne rosacea is a chronic inflammatory skin disease usually beginning in middle age, characterized by redness and papules/pustules on the face. Diet and psychological/menopausal factors may contribute.
- Cellulitis is a bacterial skin infection involving deeper skin layers. It is commonly caused by streptococcus or staphylococcus bacteria and symptoms include swelling, redness, fever and lymph node swelling. Erysipelas is a form of
What is eczema?
Eczema (Dermatitis)-
A particular type of inflammatory reaction of the skin in which there is erythema (reddening), edema (swelling), papules (bumps), and crusting of the skin followed, finally, by lichenification (thickening) and scaling of the skin.
Eczema characteristically causes itching and burning of the skin.
What Causes eczema?
Allergy- One of the commonest cause of Eczema. Triggers include Dust, detergents, rubber, nickel plated jewelry etc.
Environment- More likely in urban areas due to high pollution levels. Extremely dry or cold weather tends to make skin scratchy, resulting in eczema.
Obesity- Obese children are 3 times more likely to get eczema. Obesity results in inflammation of fat tissues that spills into other parts of the body. Excess fat also results in poor circulation and skin ailments.
Smoking- One of the leading causes, especially on the fingers that hold the cigarettes, as well as lips.
Stress- Physical or emotional stress has been known to cause enhanced sensitivity and inflammatory skin changes.
Diaper rash- In babies eczema occurs because of chemical effect of urine/faeces on sensitive skin.
Genetic influence- More likely in individuals with a family history of Eczema or other allergic conditions like Asthma, Hay fever, etc.
Eczema is one of those chronic relapsing conditions that one has to live with and with its majorly early onset, it is important to diagnose it early in order to improve one's quality of life.
This document discusses eczema, including its classification, symptoms, and treatment. It begins by defining eczema as a skin condition characterized by itching and scratching. It then classifies eczema based on etiology, morphology, and chronicity. Symptoms of acute eczema include erythema, vesicles, and crusting, while chronic eczema features lichenification. Complications can be dermatological like infection or psychosocial like anxiety. Treatment involves identifying triggers, moisturizing, and using topical corticosteroids or immunosuppressants. It also focuses on atopic dermatitis, its causes, features in infants/children/adults, and management through avoidance of
Eczema, also known as dermatitis, is a chronic inflammatory skin disease characterized by itchy, red, swollen and cracked skin. It most commonly presents in children under 5 years old. The exact cause is unknown but involves genetic factors, dry skin, and an altered immune response. Treatment focuses on reducing inflammation, moisturizing the skin, preventing infection, and identifying trigger factors. Proper skin care and use of emollients, topical corticosteroids and immunomodulators can help control symptoms and prevent flare ups of the condition.
This document discusses vesiculobullous disorders in children. It begins with an introduction and overview of primary vesiculobullous disorders including vesicles, bullae and pustules. It then discusses specific disorders like pemphigus vulgaris, pemphigoid, and herpes infections. Clinical features, etiology, pathogenesis, treatment and prognosis are described for conditions like erythema multiforme, Stevens-Johnson syndrome, toxic epidermal necrolysis and various forms of epidermolysis bullosa. Management involves addressing infections, wound care and supportive measures.
Dr Muhammad Raza's presentation provides information about atopic dermatitis (eczema), including its signs and symptoms, causes, diagnosis, and management. The key points are that it is a chronic skin condition causing red, itchy, cracked skin that is common in children; has genetic and immunological factors; and is typically diagnosed clinically and managed through moisturizers, topical steroids, and other topical or systemic treatments depending on severity. The goal is for participants to understand the basic concepts, diagnosis, management, and appropriate referrals for atopic dermatitis.
Travel vaccination in Manchester offers comprehensive immunization services for individuals planning international trips. Expert healthcare providers administer vaccines tailored to your destination, ensuring you stay protected against various diseases. Conveniently located clinics and flexible appointment options make it easy to get the necessary shots before your journey. Stay healthy and travel with confidence by getting vaccinated in Manchester. Visit us: www.nxhealthcare.co.uk
8 Surprising Reasons To Meditate 40 Minutes A Day That Can Change Your Life.pptxHolistified Wellness
We’re talking about Vedic Meditation, a form of meditation that has been around for at least 5,000 years. Back then, the people who lived in the Indus Valley, now known as India and Pakistan, practised meditation as a fundamental part of daily life. This knowledge that has given us yoga and Ayurveda, was known as Veda, hence the name Vedic. And though there are some written records, the practice has been passed down verbally from generation to generation.
Hiranandani Hospital in Powai, Mumbai, is a premier healthcare institution that has been serving the community with exceptional medical care since its establishment. As a part of the renowned Hiranandani Group, the hospital is committed to delivering world-class healthcare services across a wide range of specialties, including kidney transplantation. With its state-of-the-art facilities, advanced medical technology, and a team of highly skilled healthcare professionals, Hiranandani Hospital has earned a reputation as a trusted name in the healthcare industry. The hospital's patient-centric approach, coupled with its focus on innovation and excellence, ensures that patients receive the highest standard of care in a compassionate and supportive environment.
Integrating Ayurveda into Parkinson’s Management: A Holistic ApproachAyurveda ForAll
Explore the benefits of combining Ayurveda with conventional Parkinson's treatments. Learn how a holistic approach can manage symptoms, enhance well-being, and balance body energies. Discover the steps to safely integrate Ayurvedic practices into your Parkinson’s care plan, including expert guidance on diet, herbal remedies, and lifestyle modifications.
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share - Lions, tigers, AI and health misinformation, oh my!.pptxTina Purnat
• Pitfalls and pivots needed to use AI effectively in public health
• Evidence-based strategies to address health misinformation effectively
• Building trust with communities online and offline
• Equipping health professionals to address questions, concerns and health misinformation
• Assessing risk and mitigating harm from adverse health narratives in communities, health workforce and health system
Muktapishti is a traditional Ayurvedic preparation made from Shoditha Mukta (Purified Pearl), is believed to help regulate thyroid function and reduce symptoms of hyperthyroidism due to its cooling and balancing properties. Clinical evidence on its efficacy remains limited, necessitating further research to validate its therapeutic benefits.
- Video recording of this lecture in English language: https://youtu.be/Pt1nA32sdHQ
- Video recording of this lecture in Arabic language: https://youtu.be/uFdc9F0rlP0
- Link to download the book free: https://nephrotube.blogspot.com/p/nephrotube-nephrology-books.html
- Link to NephroTube website: www.NephroTube.com
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2. AD - multifactorial allergic
skin disease that develops in people with
genetically deterministic anomalous orientation
of the immune response
the effect of factors external and internal
environment.
The main pathogenetic link its development
is IgE-mediated mechanism induced by
allergen-specific Th2-lymphocytes
3.
4. Endogenous risk factors for AD :
- heredity
- hyperreactivity
Exogenous risk factors for AD ( Union of
pediatricians of Russia , 2001)
1. Causal factors ( triggers)
allergenic :
- food
- household
- epidermal
- fungal
- Bacterial
- vaccinal
6. 2 . Factors contributing to the action triggers
- climatogeographic factor
- Violation of the nature of power
- Foul mode and skincare
- Living conditions
- vaccination
- Psychological stress
- Acute viral infection
7. Development stage and phase of the disease:
initial
Pronounced changes (during an
exacerbation): acute phase
chronic phase
Remission - incomplete (subacute period)
full
Clinical recovery
8. Clinical forms (age periods):
- Infant (I)
- Children (II)
- Teenage Adults (III).
Prevalence:
- Bounded process
- Widespread (disseminated and diffuse)
process.
Severity:
- easy
- Medium-heavy
- Heavy.
Clinic-etiological options:
- Food
- tick
- fungal
- Pollen and other allergies
9.
10. At this age, blood pressure manifested severe
inflammatory phenomena with erythema,
exudation, edema.
Process occurs primarily at protruding parts of
the face (cheeks, forehead, chin area).
Nasolabial triangle remains intact. further
inflammation apply on the scalp, neck, extensor
surfaces of the limbs, trunk, in folds. Itching is
different intensity.
Erosion, excoriation often infected.
11.
12. This is a form of child AD.
For her characteristic are: flushing (erythema),
swelling, lichenification, papular rash, plaque
formation, erosion, excoriation, hemorrhagic
crust cracks.
Integuments presented dry, covered with a
large number of pityriasis scales.
Localization - flexor surfaces of the extremities,
the anterolateral surface neck, elbow and
popliteal fossa, back of hands.
13.
14.
15. During this period, dominated shiny skin, dry,
lichenoid papules, infiltration of skin lesions,
excoriation, hemorrhagic crusts.
Process is localized both in flexion, so
and on the extensor surfaces of the limbs,
face, extends to the skin of the trunk.
17. Most often seen in children
first year of life up to 2 - 3 years (I age phase; infant
period) is characterized by the first manifestations of
the face in the form of redness, swelling, exudation
(мокнутие), followed by crusts.
Nasolabial triangle usually remains free from
rashes.
In the future, the eruption spreads
on other areas of skin.
Dermographism red or mixed.
Subjectively - itchy skin different intensity
18. Erythematous-squamous form is manifested
by hyperemia, small swelling, rash papular,
vesicular, erosions in place opening vesicles
pronounced desquamation.
Itching significant as consequence - multiple
scratches, hemorrhagic crusts.
Moisture is not typical.
Can be observed in the I, II and in age
periods
19. Erythematous- squamous form with lihenifikation (
arises from 2 years old, holds up to 10-12 years - II
age period ) is characterized by erythematous-
squamous foci with small ( miliary , lenticular )
hemispherical and gabled , follicular papules .
Skin thickens liheninification, becomes dry . Itching
strong. Number scratching a lot .
Peeling scaly , finely - lamellar .
Skin rashes occur mainly in flexion of the legs ,
front and side of the neck , rear brushes , and on
the face.
Dermographism mixed or white resistant
20. Lichenoid form is characteristic of atopic
dermatitis, especially teenagers, may persist
after a period of sexual maturing adults.
It is characterized by dryness and
underlined pattern of the skin, swelling and
infiltration.
22. Remission may be complete or incomplete.
In incomplete remission, there is a significant
reduction in the symptoms of the disease,
with infiltration, lichenification, dryness and
skin flaking, hyper- or hypopigmentation in
the lesions.
Complete remission is characterized by the
absence of all clinical symptoms of the
disease
23. In a limited localized process, the area
affected does not exceed lesion area does
not exceed 10% of the skin.
With a generalized process, the area
affected is more than 10% of the skin. skin.
The most severe manifestation of AD is
atopic Erythroderma
24.
25. A mild stage of the disease is characterized
by predominantly limited localized
manifestations of the skin process, minor
skin itching, rare exacerbations (less than
once or twice a year), and relapses lasting
up to 1 month, mainly during the cold
season.
Duration of remission is 8-10 months or
more. There is a good effect of the therapy.
26. Medium-heavy course is generalized skin
process.
The frequency of exacerbations is 3-4 times
a year with increasing
Their duration increases.
The duration of remissions is 2-3 months.
The process becomes persistent and torpid,
with negligible effect of the therapy. The
treatment has minimal effect.
27. In severe stage AD, the skin process is
generalized or diffuse, with prolonged
exacerbations and infrequent and short-lived
remissions (frequency of exacerbations: 5
times per year; duration of remission: 1-1.5
months).
frequency of flare-ups five times a year or
more, relapse intervals of 1-1.5 months).
Treatment brings
a short-term, limited improvement. Severe
itching, leading to sleep disturbances
28. Pseudo-Hertoge symptom (flattening of the
lateral eyebrows due to constant rubbing and
scratching),
Morgan's folds (additional lower eyelid crease),
Denis lines (deep creases on the lower eyelids),
swelling and blueness of the lower eyelids,
scaling of the upper and lower eyelids,
pale face or congestive reddening with edema,
perioral lichenification and cheilitis.
29. Basic (mandatory / major) diagnostic criteria for AD:
─ itching of the skin;
─ skin lesions: in children during the first years of life
- rash on the face and extensor surfaces of the limbs,
in older children and adults
- lichenification and scratching at the limb bends;
─ a chronic recurrent course;
─ presence of atopic diseases in the patient or his
relatives;
─ Early onset in childhood (up to 2 years of age).
30. ─ seasonality of exacerbations (worsening during the cold
season and
- exacerbation (worsening during the cold season and
improvement during the summer);
─ exacerbation due to triggering factors (allergens, irritants,
foodstuffs, emotional stress, etc.);
─ Increase in total and specific IgE in the blood serum;
─ peripheral blood eosinophilia;
─ hyperlinarity of the palms ("creased") and soles;
─ follicular hyperkeratosis ("horny" papules on lateral
side surfaces of shoulders, forearms, elbows);
─ itching with increased sweating;
─ dry skin (xerosis);
- White dermographism;
31. - tendency to skin infections;
─ localization of the skin process on the hands
and feet;
- Eczema of the nipples;
- recurrent conjunctivitis;
- Hyperpigmentation of the per orbital area;
─ creases on the anterior surface of the neck;
─ Denier-Morgan's symptom;
─ cheilitis;
- keratoconus.
32. To make a diagnosis of AD, a combination of
the three main criteria and at least three
additional at least three additional criteria
33. symptom of "dirty neck" (creasing of the anterior surface of
the neck skin, reticular pigmentation),
Symptom of "winter foot "(moderate infiltration, hyperemia,
cracking and peeling of the soles),
Pseudo-Hertog's syndrome (thinning of the hair, first in the
outer third and then in other parts of the eyebrows,
presumably due to frequent scratching),
Andogsky's syndrome (appearance of a bilateral catarrhal
hypertrophy of the eyebrows) bilateral cataracts with radial
adhesions ("dermatogenic cataract") in a patient with AD,
with severe itching - symptom of polished nails
(smoothness, absence of striation, maximally abraded nail
edge).
36. to achieve clinical remission of the disease,
eliminate or reduce inflammation and skin
itching,
moisturise and soften the skin, restore its
protective
prevent or eliminate secondary infections,
prevent the development of severe AD,
the restoration of lost ability to work;
improvement of the quality of life of patients.
37. In limited skin lesions (<20% surface area),
in mild to moderate AD, predominantly
external therapies are indicated to control
the exacerbation: strong to moderate topical
corticosteroids and/or topical calcineurin
inhibitors, without excluding basic therapies
38. In the case of intermediate severity of AD,
phototherapy and detoxification agents may
be administered in addition to the above,
Detoxifying agents may be prescribed when
indicated.
In severe AD, treatment includes external
therapy, as well as systemic
pharmacotherapy or phototherapy.
It is possible to Cyclosporine and/or systemic
glucocorticosteroids may be used in short
courses.
39. Topical corticosteroids.
Topical calcineurin inhibitors.
Topical antihistamines, antipruritic and
reducing agents.
Antibacterial, antiviral, antifungal agents.
Permanent basic skin care products (both
during exacerbation and remission).
40. In the case of an acute, wet inflammatory process, soaks,
sprays and wet-dry dressings are used.
In acute inflammatory process without mucous - lotions,
aerosols, water poultices, poultices, pastes, creams.
In sub-acute inflammatory process - creams, pastes,
powders.
In chronic non-specific inflammatory process - ointments,
warming compresses. 5.
In pronounced infiltration in foci - ointments and creams
with keratolytic properties.
At the stage of regression of the skin process - ointments,
balms and creams with supplements and vitamins.
43. The use of emollients leads to reduction of dry
and itchy skin, moisturising the epidermis,
improving microcirculation and restoring the
function of the epidermal the function of the
epidermal barrier (root therapy).
The use of basic care products for AD is
recommended at all times.
It is important for patients with AD to ensure a
protective regime that excludes as much as
possible skin irritants (irritants) and allergens,
as well as trigger factors
45. Antihistamines.
Membrane stabilising drugs.
Drugs that improve or restore digestive function.
Drugs that regulate the function of the nervous
system.
Drugs containing unsaturated fatty acids.
Detoxifying, desensitizing drugs.
In infectious complications - antibiotics, antiviral,
antifungal drugs.
Systemic corticosteroids.
Cyclosporine A.
46. Eczema (from Greek ekzeo - boil) - a
chronic, relapsing, polietiological, acute
inflammation skin disease presented
polymorphism morphological elements (true
and evolutionary), which formed as a result
of a complex set of etiological and
pathogenic factors.
47. true eczema (idiopathic, dyshidrotic,
pruriginous, horny (tylothic);
Microbial eczema (nuchal, paratraumatic,
mycotic, intertriginous, varicose, sycosiform,
eczema of the nipples and the mammary
circle of women);
seborrheic eczema;
children's eczema;
occupational eczema
49. erythematous and oedematous skin with vesicles, pinpoint
erosions with mucous
("serous wells" ), serous crusts, exoriations, less frequently
papules and pustules (with sterile contents).
pustules (with sterile contents). Along with the involution of
the rash
new lesions form, therefore, the polymorphic character of
eczema is typical.
a polymorphic rash is typical. Depending on the evolution
of the
of the morphological elements in eczema a number of
stages are distinguished: erythematous (erythematosa),
papular (papulosa), vesical (vesikulosa), discharge
(madidans) and cortical (crustosa).
50. The sub acute stage is characterized by
erythema, lichenification, scales and
excoriations.
The chronic stage of the disease is
characterized by infiltration and
enhancement of the cutaneous pattern of the
affected area, post-inflammatory hypo- and
hyperpigmentation.
51. TRUE ECZEMA - symmetric inflammatory process , often
often affects the skin of hands , arms , face, legs and feet.
• long-term course of the disease , a chronic, relapsing, or
undulation .
• Clinic true eczema manifests as acute inflammation,
edematous erythema , against which developed the smallest
seropapules and microvesicles .
• Microvesicles quickly opened on-site revealed the seropapul or
microvesicles , exposed
point erosion ( serous wells) , of which stands a hearty
serous exudate , forming a weeping surface.
• Moisture eczema abundant , drip, or solid.
The liquid dries to form a grayish yellow crusts under which
epithelialization occurs.
52. Clinic: miliary , lenticular papules, vesicular
elements on compacted based on the extensor
surfaces of the extremities, elbow with popliteal
areas , face, groin folds .
Items can not be opened , do not form a soak.
The disease is chronic, accompanied by a
pronounced itching ; appears resistant white
dermographizm due involvement of the sympathetic
nervous system .
The skin of the affected area dry, thickened ,
lihenification, cracks , peeling , skin pigmentation .
53. When dyshidrotic eczema in the palms, soles,
on the side finger surfaces appear small
vesicles.
They are dense with palpation, grouped or
placed in isolation, without tend to be opened.
Bubbles may appear on apparently intact skin
or background mild erythema.
With increasing inflammation formed multi-
chambered bubbles.
54. If bubbles are still opened, then formed
erosion polycyclic edges, bright enough
bottom, serous or sero-purulent (moist
surface).
In the future erosion of crusted
(hemorrhagic and yellowish-greyish).
By apostasy struck the surface crusts flaky,
often annular peeling, cracks may appear.
55. Eczema of the morns (tylothic) is manifested
by hyperkeratosis of the palms of the hands,
sometimes with deep, painful cracks. and
soles, sometimes with deep, painful
cracking.
The course Chronic, often resistant to
treatment.
56. Microbial eczema develops as sensitization
to microbial antigen (streptococci,
staphylococci) on the background of
changes neuroendocrine and immune
systems, dysfunction of the gastrointestinal
tract.
Inflammation initially asymmetric in the
future rash may appear symmetric, including
remote.
57. Localization - skin shins, dorsum of the
hands, sides of the trunk, scalp.
Lesions solid, acute inflammation character,
without layers of healthy skin, have sharply
defined clear scalloped border, with rejects
stratum corneum on the periphery.
Outbreaks presented eczematous reactions,
such as erythema, seropapules,
microvesicles.
On the periphery of the main focus may be
so-called screenings -individual small
inflammatory papules, dry, scaly lesions
58. Coin-like eczema (numular eczema) is a
type of microbial eczema, which is almost
always round and has clear boundaries.
They are usually present on the upper and
lower extremities,
Less commonly on the trunk.
The plaques are an accumulation of Small
papules, vesicles, serous pus crusts and
scaling on a background of erythema.
59. Paratraumatic (peri-wound) eczema develops in
the area of Postoperative scars, bone fractures,
osteosynthesis, sites of Plaster casts have not
been applied correctly.
It is characterized by
Erythema osteoinflammatoryis, exudative
papules and/or pustules. Pustules and crusts
formation. Superficial sclerosing
Superficial sclerosis of the skin and deposition
of haemosiderin in the tissue.
60. Varicose eczema is caused by a background of
varicose veins.
Injuries, maceration of the skin, and inadequate
external treatment of varicose ulcers contribute
to the development of the disease.
Lesions are usually located on the lower
extremities.
On the lower extremities, mostly in the lower
third of the lower leg, often in the vicinity of
varicose ulcers, sclerosing areas. sclerosis of
the skin.
61. 1 Antihistamines
2 Glucocorticosteroids (intense inflammation)
3 Tranquillisers with antihistamine effect
(hydroxyzine for severe itching)
4 Detoxification therapy (for exudation)
62. Depends on the stage of the eczema
1 Dischage stage - antiseptic lotions
2 Glucocorticosteroids locally
3 Aniline dyes
4 Combination medicines (ointments, creams)