Assignment D In Problem D1 we will use a file to contain the data which we will read into the program. In Problem D2 we will build a StringOfCar class which will contain a sequence of Car objects. Also, an operator= member function will be added to the Car class. Problem D1 1.Car constructors and destructor within the Car class definition a.default constructor b.copy constructor c.other constructors d.destructor 2.main 3.Car member functions declared within the Car class but defined later a.setup b.output 4.global functions a.operator== with Car parameters b.input In this problem, we will read cars from a file, rather than typing them in from the keyboard. Do the steps in order to build the solution to this problem. 1.Create a file to use for input. This is good because we will be using the input many times.Create a file containing the following three lines of data (Omit the heading line). 2.Modify the input function. Remove the & from the parameters in the function header, so they are all values rather than references. Move the parameters from the function header and put them within the input function, so they are now all local variables. Remove the parameters from the prototype for the input function, so it matches the function header. In the input function declare a string named carType. In the current file all the carType values are \"Car\". Later we will see different values. Open the file. If the open fails, send a message to stderr and exit the program. Use a loop to process each line from the file. Hint: you can do this with the following while statement, which loops as long as there is data in the file to be read: The peek function will return EOF if there is no more data, so we will leave the loop then.Within this loop, each line in the file will provide the data for a Car. In all the reads within the input function, There are two differences from the read activity in assignment C: Remove the user promp. We do not want it because we are reading from a file. read using the inputFile object, rather than using the stdin object. Read the carType field first. It just indicates that we are building an object of type Car. Read each of the fields: ARR, number, kind, loaded Always read the destination field even if the Car is not loaded. The destination will be NONE in the input file when that is the case. Hint: We need to use getline when reading the destination. using >> skips leading white space before reading the data. getline does not skip this leading whitespace. So, before using getline use the following code: peek looks at the next character you are about to read. If it is a space, get is used to read the space character, to get it out of the way. If the carType is \"Car\", declare a Car object named temp using the constructor that takes 5 parameters. Call the output function for the Car named temp. If the carType is not \"Car\", send an error message and do nothing. At the bottom of the input function, close the file. 3.Call the inp.

1. Assignment D
In Problem D1 we will use a file to contain the data which we will read into the program.
In Problem D2 we will build a StringOfCar class which will contain a sequence of Car objects.
Also, an operator= member function will be added to the Car class.
Problem D1
1.Car constructors and destructor within the Car class definition
a.default constructor
b.copy constructor
c.other constructors
d.destructor
2.main
3.Car member functions declared within the Car class but defined later
a.setup
b.output
4.global functions
a.operator== with Car parameters
b.input
In this problem, we will read cars from a file, rather than typing them in from the keyboard. Do
the steps in order to build the solution to this problem.
1.Create a file to use for input. This is good because we will be using the input many
times.Create a file containing the following three lines of data (Omit the heading line).
2.Modify the input function.
Remove the & from the parameters in the function header, so they are all values rather than
references.
Move the parameters from the function header and put them within the input function, so they
are now all local variables.
Remove the parameters from the prototype for the input function, so it matches the function
header.
In the input function declare a string named carType. In the current file all the carType values are
"Car". Later we will see different values.
Open the file. If the open fails, send a message to stderr and exit the program.
Use a loop to process each line from the file.
Hint: you can do this with the following while statement, which loops as long as there is data in
the file to be read:

2. The peek function will return EOF if there is no more data, so we will leave the loop then.Within
this loop, each line in the file will provide the data for a Car.
In all the reads within the input function, There are two differences from the read activity in
assignment C:
Remove the user promp. We do not want it because we are reading from a file.
read using the inputFile object, rather than using the stdin object.
Read the carType field first. It just indicates that we are building an object of type Car.
Read each of the fields: ARR, number, kind, loaded
Always read the destination field even if the Car is not loaded. The destination will be NONE in
the input file when that is the case.
Hint: We need to use getline when reading the destination.
using >> skips leading white space before reading the data. getline does not skip this leading
whitespace. So, before using getline use the following code:
peek looks at the next character you are about to read. If it is a space, get is used to read the
space character, to get it out of the way.
If the carType is "Car", declare a Car object named temp using the constructor that takes 5
parameters.
Call the output function for the Car named temp.
If the carType is not "Car", send an error message and do nothing.
At the bottom of the input function, close the file.
3.Call the input function from the main function with no arguments.
Problem D2
Copy the solution for problem D1 and change the problem number to D2.
Order of functions in the code:
Note that the member function operator= has been added to the Car class.
Note that the StringOfCars class and its member functions has been added.
1.Car constructors and destructor within the Car class definition
a.default constructor
b.copy constructor
c.other constructors
d.destructor
2.StringOfCars constructors and destructor within the StringOfCar class definition
a.default constructor
b.copy constructor
c.other constructors
d.destructor

3. 3.main
4.Car member functions declared within the Car class but defined later
a.setup
b.output
c.operator=
5.StringOfCars member functions declared within the StringOfCars class but defined later
a.output
b.push
c.pop
6.global functions
a.operator== with Car parameters
b.input
Copy the following operator= overload member function that returns the left hand operator by
reference. Also code a prototype for this function within the Car class.
Several cars coupled together are referred to as a string of cars.
Create another class called StringOfCars, containing:
a pointer to an array of Car objects in the heap, named ptr.
a static const int set to 10, named ARRAY_SIZE.
an int containing the current number of Cars in the array, named carCount.
a default constructor which gets space in the heap for the array of Car elements, and sets the the
carCount to zero.
a copy constructor which gets new space in the heap for an array of Car elements with size
ARRAY_SIZE. It copies the each Car and also copies the carCount.
a destructor which returns the space to the heap.
a push function which adds a car to the string of cars. Exit with an error message if the string of
cars is full.
a pop function which removes a car from the string of cars, Last In First Out (LIFO). The return
type is void. There is one prarameter which is a reference to a Car object. Put the Car object that
was taken out from the array into the parameter Car object. Exit with an error message if the
string is empty.
an output function which prints a heading for each car:
car number n where n is the position in the array starting from 1 for the first car and then uses
the Car output function to print the data for each car Or, if the array is empty prints: NO cars
Make the following changes in the input function:
Change the input function to have a parameter that is a reference to a StringOfCars.
After creating a Car, do not print it.

4. Instead, push the Car onto the StringOfCars.
Replace the main function to do the following tests:
1.Test the Car operator= function.
Print: TEST 1
Creat a Car object named car1 by using a constructor with the following constants as initial
values:
reportingMark: SP
carNumber: 34567
kind: business
loaded: true
destination: Salt Lake City
Create a Car object named car2 using the default constructor.
Use the = operator to copy the data from car1 to car 2.
Print car2
2.Test the StringOfCar push function.
Add to main:
Print: TEST 2
Create a default StringOfCars object named string1.
Pass string1 to the input function.
Use the same file as in problem D1.
Print: STRING 1
In the main function, print string1.
3.Test the StringOfCars pop function.
Add to main:
Print: TEST 3
Create a car named car3.
Pop one car from string1 into car3.
Print: CAR 3
Print car3.
Print: STRING 1
Then print the contents of string1 again
Solution
#include
#include

5. #include
//prototype for the input function
void input();
class Car
{
private:
static const int FIELD_WIDTH = 22;
std::string reportingMark;
int carNumber;
std::string kind;
bool loaded;
std::string destination;
public:
//default constructor
Car()
{setUp(reportingMark = "", carNumber = 0, kind = "other", loaded = false, destination
="NONE");}
//copy constructor
Car(const Car &userCar)
{setUp(userCar.reportingMark, userCar.carNumber, userCar.kind, userCar.loaded,
userCar.destination);}
//input constructor
Car(std::string reportingMark, int carNumber, std::string kind, bool loaded, std::string
destination)
{setUp(reportingMark, carNumber, kind, loaded, destination);}
//destructor
~Car(){};
//prototype for the == operator overload
friend bool operator == (const Car &car1, const Car &car2);
//prototype for the setUp function
void setUp(std::string reportingMark, int carNumber, std:: string kind, bool loaded, std::string
destination);
//prototype for the output function
void output();
};
int main()

6. {
input();
return 0;
}
/** setUp()
this functions takes in information given by the user in main().
it then stores this information in variables within the object
*/
void Car::setUp(std::string reportingMark, int carNumber, std:: string kind, bool loaded,
std::string destination)
{
this->reportingMark = reportingMark;
this->carNumber = carNumber;
this->kind = kind;
this->loaded = loaded;
this->destination = destination;
}
/** output()
this function uses information stored within the calling object
and displays it to the screen for the user
*/
void Car::output()
{
std::cout << std::setw(FIELD_WIDTH) << std::left << "Reporting Mark: " <<
std::setw(FIELD_WIDTH) << reportingMark << std::endl;
std::cout << std::setw(FIELD_WIDTH) << "Car Number: " << std::setw(FIELD_WIDTH)
<< carNumber << std::endl;
std::cout << std::setw(FIELD_WIDTH) << "Kind: " << std::setw(FIELD_WIDTH) <<
kind << std::endl;
std::cout << std::setw(FIELD_WIDTH) << "Loaded: " << std::setw(FIELD_WIDTH);
if(loaded)
std::cout << "true" << std::endl;
else
std::cout << "false" << std::endl;
std::cout << std::setw(FIELD_WIDTH) << "Destination: " << std::setw(FIELD_WIDTH) <<
destination << std::endl;

7. std::cout << std::endl;
}
/** == operator overload for Car
this operator overload is used to establish
equality between two Car objects based
on their reportingMark and carNumber
*/
bool operator == (const Car &car1, const Car &car2)
{
if(car1.reportingMark == car2.reportingMark && car1.carNumber == car2.carNumber)
return true;
else
return false;
}
/** input()
this functions reads information from a designated file
and places the information within a temporary Car object
if it has a carType of Car. It then prints the data to
the screen.
*/
void input()
{
std::ifstream inputFile;
std::string reportingMark;
std::string kind;
std::string destination;
std::string carType;
std::string isLoaded;
int carNumber;
bool loaded;
inputFile.open("carData.txt");
while(inputFile.peek() != EOF)
{
inputFile >> carType >> reportingMark >> carNumber >> kind >> isLoaded;
if(isLoaded == "true")
loaded = true;

8. else
loaded = false;
while(inputFile.peek() == ' ')
{
inputFile.get();
}
std::getline(inputFile, destination);
if(carType == "Car")
{
Car temp(reportingMark, carNumber, kind, loaded, destination);
temp.output();
}
else
std::cout << " ERROR: Not a valid vehicle type. ";
}
inputFile.close();
}
sample output
Reporting Mark: CN
Car Number: 819481
Kind: maintenance
Loaded: false
Destination: NONE
Reporting Mark: SLSF
Car Number: 46871
Kind: business
Loaded: true
Destination: Memphis
Reporting Mark: AOK
Car Number: 156
Kind: tender
Loaded: true
Destination: McAlester