The document discusses Neoclassical and Romantic art periods. It provides information on their characteristics, timeline, and differences. Neoclassicism coincided with the 18th century Age of Enlightenment and portrayed Roman history through formal compositions. Romanticism emphasized emotions and individualism through dramatic compositions and heightened sensations. Some key differences included Neoclassicism valued order while Romanticism valued emotion, and Neoclassicism took inspiration from classical Rome while Romanticism looked to the medieval era and nature.

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Photo by Allef Vinicius on Unsplash

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Photo by Allef Vinicius on Unsplash
► The word neoclassic
came from the Greek word
“neos” meaning new and the Latin
word “classicus” which is similar in
meaning to the English
phrase first class.
FACT OR BLUFF

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Photo by Allef Vinicius on Unsplash
► The costumes,
settings and details of
classical subject- matter is
not important to the painters
during Neoclassicism.
FACT OR BLUFF

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Photo by Allef Vinicius on Unsplash
► The Neoclassical
movement coincided with the
18th century Age of Reason
also known as the Age of
Enlightenment.
FACT OR BLUFF

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Photo by Allef Vinicius on Unsplash
► Neoclassical art
pieces such as paintings, sculpture
and architecture generally
portrayed Roman history which
elevated the Roman heroes.
FACT OR BLUFF

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GERICAULT’S Insane Woman, her
mouth tense, her eyes red-
rimmed with suffering, is one of
several portraits he made of
the mentally ill. These portraits
present the physical facts with
authenticity, especially in
contrast to earlier idealized
commissioned portraiture.

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One of the most famous
and well-known
depiction of Napoleon
Bonaparte, this portrait,
painted by Jacques-
Louis David

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• was commissioned by King
Charles IV of Spain, who wanted
the portrait to be hung among his
vast gallery of paintings of other
great military leaders, and also as
a diplomatic act celebrating the
alliance of France and Spain.

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In Napoleon crossing the Alps, the
gesture leaves no doubt as to the
will of the commander to arrive to
his goal. It does not indicate the
summit, but rather shows the obs
ever the inevitability of victory and
at the same time orders his soldiers
to follow.

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Oath of the Horatii is a
painting by the French
painter Jacques-Louis
David. It is a large oil on
canvas that was
commissioned by Charles-
Claude Flahaut de la
Billaderie

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The oath of Horatii painting was not
just any other form of painting, it
was a revolution that saw the
switching of one painting style to
the other. This painting marked the
introduction of the new neoclassical
art that seems to be more gentle
and much clear.

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How does David’s The Oath of the Horatii
represent the style and subject matter used
in Neoclassicism?
- It exemplifies patriotism which is a virtue
encouraged by rulers and social thinkers.
The colors are no longer pastels with
creamy brush strokes. The scene is in rich
colors with the subjects showing patriotism.

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- The background is de-
emphasized, while the
figures in the foreground are
emphasized.
- The picture is organized,
depicting the symbolism of
the number three and of
the moment itself.

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- The central point of the hand clasping the
swords is placed in front of the vanishing
point of the perspective scheme, which is
emphasized by the straight lines of the edges of
the wall blocks and floor slabs of the
architectural setting leading to it (see
schematic).
- The use of dull colors is to show the
importance of the story behind the painting over
the painting itself.

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•The frozen quality of the painting is also
intended to emphasize rationality, unlike the
Rococo style.
•That it depicts a morally uplifting story,
promoting civic duty over the personal,
reflects the values of the Age of
Enlightenment and neoclassical idealism.

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- The men are all depicted with straight lines
mirroring the columns in the background
signifying their rigidity and strength while the
women are all curved like the arches which
are held up by the columns.
- The use of straight lines to depict strength is
also demonstrated in the swords, two of which
are curved while one is straight, perhaps
foreshadowing that only one brother would
survive the encounter.

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The painting’s emotional force made
this image a groundbreaking,
archetypal picture of the horrors of
war. The “Third of May 1808” is a
break from convention, diverging
from the traditions of Christian art
and traditional depictions of war.
This painting has gained the
reputation of being one of the
earliest paintings of the modern era.

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The central figure of the
painting, who is clearly a poor
laborer, takes the place of the
crucified Christ; he is sacrificing
himself for the good of his
nation.

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Lesson OBJECTIVES
►Identify the characteristics
of arts during the periods;
►differentiate functional
and non-functional art;
►determine the mood, idea, or
message from selected artworks
participate actively in the class
discussion.

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Neoclassicism and Romanticism
were the movements that spread
in Western Europe and the United
States during the Rococo era,
lasting roughly from the late 18th
to the 19th centuries.

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Neoclassical Period
 The Western trend that became popular
from 1780 to 1840 was called Neoclassicism.
The word neoclassic came from the Greek
word neos meaning new and the Latin word
classicus which is similar in meaning to the
English phrase first class.
The Neoclassical movement coincided with
the 18th century Age of Reason also known as
the Age of Enlightenment.

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► portrayal of Roman history
► formal composition
► the use of diagonals to show the peak of an
emotion or moment (versus a regular moment)
► local color
► overall lighting
► classic geo-structure
Characteristics of Neoclassical Period.

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Romantic Period
Romanticism was a trend that emphasized
both the delicate and stormy presentation of
sentiments or emotions and individualism.
Preference for the medieval over the classical.
Landscape painting was also made more
popular because of the romantic adoration of
nature by the inhabitants.

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► shows the height of action
► emotional extremes
► celebrated nature as out of control
► dramatic compositions
► heightened sensation
(life and death moments)
Characteristics of Romantic Period.

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Neoclassicism Romanticism
Values Order, solemnity Intuition, emotion, imagination
Inspiration Classical Rome, Patriotism,
courage, honor
Medieval and baroque eras,
middle and far east
Tone Calm and rational Subjective, spontaneous, non-
conformist
Subject Greek and roman history Legends, exotica, nature,
violence
Technique Stressed and drawing with
lines, not color, no trace of
brushstroke
Unrestrained, rich color, visible
brushstroke
Role of art Morally uplifting, inspirational Dramatic, carry viewer away
Compositi
on
Most figures in foreground Use of diagonal, crowded
composition

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Why the artwork was created?
Artwork’s functions are classified into (2) two
Motivated Function of art (functional) refers to
artworks that are made intentionally for use in
conscious actions of the creator or artist. Examples
are Architecture, Furniture, weaving, etc.
Non-motivated Function of art (non-functional)
refers to artworks that are integral to being a
human. Examples are Painting, Sculpture,
Literature, Music, and Theater Arts.

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“Compare to
others”.
Write the similarities
and differences in the
characteristics of arts
in Neoclassical and
Romantic periods
using the Ven
diagram.

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1. The art style in this period was
brought about by the renewed interest
in Greek and Roman
classics.
a. Renaissance
b. Romantic
c. Neoclassical
d. Baroque

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2. Which of the following is not a
characteristic of Romantic period?
a. Dramatic composition
b. emotional extremes
c. Portrayal of Roman history
d. social injustices

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3. This style of painting during Romantic
period became more popular because of
people’s adoration of nature.
a. Landscape
b. Portrait
c. Animals
d. Museums

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4. When was neoclassic period
started?
a. 1784-1840
b. 1780-1840
c. 1790-1850
d. 1782-1842

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5. Which of the following is a
characteristic of neoclassical art?
a. formal composition
b. portrayal of Roman history
c. calm and rational
d. all of the above

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6. Where did the word neoclassic
derived from?
a. Greek and Latin
b. Greek and Rome
c. Greek and Greece
d. Greek and Spanish

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Neoclassic OR Romantic

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Neoclassic OR Romantic

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Neoclassic OR Romantic

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Neoclassic OR Romantic

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Assignment
I. In 1 whole sheet of paper. Write 3 words, terms, or concepts that best
describe the use of art elements and principles in the works of:
Neoclassical Arts Romantic Arts
1.__________________________ 1.________________________________
2._________________________ 2.________________________________
3._________________________ 3.________________________________
II. Bring Cartolina, bond paper and coloring materials next meeting and
also do an advance reading about neoclassical painting.