This document presents three design projects: an artificial eye, a touch screen with tactile feedback (T-Pad), and an ATM with facial recognition security. The artificial eye project involves creating a prosthetic eye that uses a camera and microchip to stimulate the optic nerve and allow sight. The T-Pad project aims to create texture sensations on a touch screen through localized vibration. The ATM project combines card, PIN, and facial recognition biometrics to fully verify a user's identity for withdrawals. Diagrams, working principles, applications and advantages/disadvantages are discussed for each project.

1. DESIGN PROJECT
Presented by,
PARVATHY U KRISHNAN
Dept. of EE
26/08/2019
Dept. of EE 1

2. LIST OF TOPICS
 ARTIFICIAL EYE
 T-Pad(TOUCH SCREEN WITH FEELINGS)
 AN ATM WITH AN EYE
26/08/2019 Dept. of EE
2

3. ARTIFICIAL EYE
INTRODUCTION
 Prosthesis used to replace a missing or damaged eye.
 We see with our brains than our eyes.
 Principle-Deceiving our brains.
 Read large letter and identify the objects.
 Camera interact with brain by stimulating optic nerve.
Dept. of EE
326/08/20198

4. WORKING DIAGRAM
26/08/2019 Dept. of EE
4
Path through which the working progresses

5. WORKING
26/08/2019 Dept. of EE
5
Illustration of the working of Artificial eye

6. THE WORKING OF ARTIFICIAL
VISION
26/08/2019 Dept. of EE
6
 Consist of a camera which transmit high frequency radio signal
to microchip.
 Electrodes in chip convert it to electric impulse.
 It stimulate cells in the retina that connect to optic nerve.
 These impulses reaches the vision processing centre in brain.
 Then it is interpreted as an image.

7. 26/08/2019 Dept. of EE
7
 LIMITATION
•Surgery is required to implant the electrode array.
•Repairing is difficult if any device got damaged.
•Cost is high.
 CONCLUSION
•People suffering from low vision to completely blind
benefits.
•Currently this technology is used in US.

8. REFERENCES
[1] Dobelle WH (2000). "Artificial vision for the blind by connecting a
television camera to the visual cortex" (PDF). ASAIO J. 46 (1): 3–9.
doi:10.1097/00002480-200001000-00002. PMID 10667705. Archived
from the original (PDF) on 27 March 2014. Retrieved 21 July 2013.
[2 ] Second Sight (9 January 2007). "Press Release: Ending the Journey
through Darkness: Innovative Technology Offers New Hope for Treating
Blindness due to Retinitis Pigmentosa“ (PDF).
[3 ] Humayun (April 2012). "Interim Results from the International Trial
of Second Sight's Visual Prosthesis". Ophthalmology.
[4 ] Alexander, Robert; Macknik, Stephen; Martinez-Conde, Susana
(2018). "Microsaccade Characteristics in Neurological and Ophthalmic
Disease". Frontiers in Neurology. 9 (144): 144.
26/08/2019 Dept. of EE
8

9. T-Pad(TOUCH SCREEN WITH FEELINGS)
INTRODUCTION
 Creating texture sensations through variations in surface
friction
 Uses vibration to create variable friction areas on a touch
screen.
 System tracks finger position and turns the vibration on and
off.
26/08/2019 Dept. of EE
9

10. ORDINARY TOUCH SCREEN
26/08/2019
Dept. of EE 10
 Can detect the presence and location of a touch.
 Main components
TOUGH SCREEN CONTROLLER SOFTWARE DRIVER
 Tough screen fails to provide the sense of touch.
 They are dead to the finger.
 This is what the T-Pad enables.

11. TACTILE PATTERN DISPLAY
26/08/2019 Dept. of EE
11
 Creating texture sensations through variations in surface friction.
 Create the illusion of texture on an unadorned piece of glass
 The coefficient of friction between glass and finger tip is about 1
 Uses vibration to create variable friction areas on a touch screen.
 It provides a layer of air between finger and screen
 System tracks finger position and turns vibration turn and off.

12. APPLICATIONS
26/08/2019 Dept. of EE
12
 FOR BLINDS
 FLEXIBLE TACTILE DISPLAY
 COMPUTER BASED TRAINING

13. ADVANTAGES AND
DISADVANTAGES
26/08/2019 Dept. of EE
13
 ADVANTAGES
•User friendly
•Cost-effective
•Can be used with projectors and LCD TVs
 DISADVANTAGE
•High power consumption
 Conclusion
•Has a broad range of controllable friction levels.
•Future work can be done to reduce power consumption.

14. REFERENCES
[1] Sears, A.; Plaisant, C. & Shneiderman, B. (1992). "A new era for high
precision touchscreens". In Hartson, R. & Hix, D. (eds.). Advances in
Human-Computer Interaction. 3. Ablex, NJ. pp. 1–33.
[2 ] Walker, Geoff (August 2012). "A review of technologies for sensing
contact location on the surface of a display". Journal of the Society for
Information Display. 20 (8): 413–440. doi:10.1002/jsid.100.
[3 ] Holzinger, A. (2003). "Finger Instead of Mouse: Touch Screens as a
means of enhancing Universal Access". In: Carbonell, N.; Stephanidis C.
(Eds): Universal Access, Lecture Notes in Computer Science. Lecture
Notes in Computer Science. 2615: 387–397. doi:10.1007/3-540-36572-
9_30. ISBN 978-3-540-00855-2.
26/08/2019 Dept. of EE
14

15. AN ATM WITH AN EYE
INTRODUCTION
 Combines Card ,PIN and Electronic facial recognition.
 Forcing ATM to match live image with stored image.
 User be considered fully verified.
 Damage caused by stolen cards and PINs is eliminated.
26/08/2019 Dept. of EE
15

16. BLOCK DIAGRAM
26/08/2019 Dept. of EE
16

17. HOW ATM WORKS WITH BIOMETRICS
(AN ATM WITH AN EYE)
26/08/2019 Dept. of EE
17
1. Insert the CARD.
2. Input his or her pin when requested.
3. When pin matches video camera captures image of eye.
4. Image is converted into digital code.

18. 26/08/2019 Dept. of EE
18
5.Compared with one already stored for the individual
6.If the system perceives a match, the withdrawal
of cash is allowed.
7. When a match is made with PIN but
not the images, the bank could limit
transactions
8.user be considered fully verified.
HOW ATM WORKS WITH
BIOMETRICS(continuation)

19. AN ATM WITH AN EYE
26/08/2019 Dept. of EE
19
 Advantages
•Stable
•Accuracy
•Comfort
 Disadvantages
•Costly
• The person should be present at the spot
 CONCLUSION:
•Sometimes False acceptances and rejections.
• This type of ATM is more reliable in providing security
by using facial recognition software.

20. REFERENCES
[1] "ATM Industry Association". Archived from the original on 16
October 2015.
[2 ] "Diebold ATM Fraud" (PDF). Archived from the original (PDF) on 30
September 2009. Retrieved 11 February 2011.
[3 ] "NYSBD - Text of the ATM Safety Act". Banking.state.ny.us. 1 June
1997. Archived from the original on 10 April 2011. Retrieved 11 February
2011.
[4 ] "ATMIA 50th Anniversary Factsheet" (PDF). www.atmia.com. ATM
Industry Association. October 2015. Archived (PDF) from the original on
18 August 2016. Retrieved 29 June 2016.
26/08/2019 Dept. of EE
20

21. THANK YOU
26/08/2019
Dept. of EE
21