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Argumentation, Debate, & Controversy.ppt
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- 3. ARGUMENTATIO N • Argumentation isthe process of presenting and defending a position or viewpoint through reasoning and evidence. It involves constructing a logical sequence of statements to persuade others of the validity of a particular What is Argumentation? What is Argumentation? What is Argumentation?
- 4. ARGUMENTATION Why is Argumentation important? •Argumentation is crucial because it fosters critical thinking, enabling individuals to analyze information, evaluate evidence, and construct logical arguments. It enhances communication skills, allowing people to express their ideas clearly and persuasively. In decision-making, argumentation helps weigh different viewpoints to make informed choices. It also plays a vital role in conflict resolution by providing a structured way to address disagreements rationally. In academic and scientific fields, argumentation advances knowledge by challenging existing theories and proposing new ideas. Additionally, it is essential for persuasion in debates, negotiations, and everyday conversations, and it underpins democratic participation by facilitating informed public discourse and Why is Argumentation important? Why is Argumentation important? Why is Argumentation important? Why is Argumentation important? Why is Argumentation important? Why is Argumentation important? Why is Argumentation important? Why is Argumentation important? Why is Argumentation important? Why is Argumentation important?
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- 8. 1.DEDUCTIVE ARGUMENT Example: Deductive reasoning involvesstarting with a general statement or hypothesis and examining the possibilities to reach a specific, logical conclusion. If the premises are true, the conclusion must also be true. Premise 1: All men are mortal. Premise 2: Socrates is a man. Conclusion: Therefore, Socrates is mortal.
- 9. 2. INDUCTIVE ARGUMENT Examples: Inductivereasoning involves making broad generalizations from specific observations. The conclusion is likely, but not guaranteed, to be true. Observation: Every time I visit the cafe at 11 AM, I see the same person ordering a cappuccino. Conclusion: Therefore, this person will likely order a cappuccino at 11 AM tomorrow.
- 10. TECHNIQUES FOR EFFECTIVE ARGUMENTATION ETHOS refers tothe credibility or ethical appeal of the speaker. It involves convincing the audience of the speaker’s reliability, authority, or moral character. PATHOS LOGOS appeals to the audience’s emotions. It aims to evoke feelings that will lead the audience to accept the speaker’s argument. relies on logical reasoning and evidence. It involves using facts, statistics, and logical arguments to persuade the audience.
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- 12. WHAT IS DEBATE? •an argument with rules • two teams present a resolution (sometimes called a proposition) or topic that they will debate • Timed arguments • One team is for the resolution (PRO or affirmative) and the other team is (AGAINST or negative) • a judge, or a panel of judges decides at the end of the debate who is the winner
- 13. TYPES & FORMATSOF DEBATE • Team Policy Debate • Lincoln-Douglas Debate • Public Forum Debate • Parliamentary Debate • Cross-Examination Debate
- 14. ADVANTAGES OF DEBATE • ImprovedCritical Thinking Skills • Enhanced Communication Skills • Development of Research Skills • Persuasion • Teamwork and Collaboration
- 15. DISADVANTAGES OF DEBATE • Overemphasison Winning • Emotional Intensity • Misrepresentation • Exclusion • Polarization • Confirmation Bias • Limited Depth
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- 17. RECALL What does Argumentation mean? Whatdoes Debate mean?
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- 20. Controversy refers toa prolonged public disagreement or heated debate about a specific issue, idea, or event. It usually involves conflicting viewpoints and strong emotions, with people or groups expressing different or opposing opinions. Controversies often arise in areas such as politics, social issues, religion, ethics, and science, where differing perspectives and interests clash. Because controversies can attract attention and spark widespread discussion, they are common in media, and they may lead to deeper WHAT IS CONTROVERSY?
- 21. TYPES OF CONTROVERSIES •Political Controversies: Examples and impact on society. • Social Controversies: Issues related to social norms, ethics, and values. • Scientific Controversies: Disputes in the scientific community and their implications. • Cultural Controversies:
- 22. • Diverse Opinions •Ambiguity or Uncertainty • Power Dynamics • Cultural Differences • Misinformation WHAT CAUSES CONTROVERSY?
- 23. ROLE OF MEDIA IN CONTROVERSY •AMPLIFICATION • FRAMING • POLARIZATION • PLATFORM FOR DISCUSSION
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- 25. RESOLVING CONTROVERSY • Dialogue and Debate •Compromise and Consensus • Media's Role in Resolution
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