This document analyzes the readiness of Islamic Azad University of Neyshabur in Iran to implement a knowledge management system. It examines the university's status in three key areas: organizational culture, organizational structure, and technical infrastructure. A survey was conducted of faculty members to assess the current state of each area and determine which is most important. The findings showed the university has an average readiness across the three areas. An analysis also indicated that organizational culture is the most important element for knowledge management implementation.
This document discusses knowledge management in public and private higher education organizations in India. It aims to understand the dimensions of knowledge management and how they differ between public and private sectors. The document provides an extensive literature review on knowledge management, including definitions, types of knowledge, knowledge infrastructure capabilities like organizational culture, structure, and information technology. It also reviews past studies on knowledge management implementation in universities around the world.
Prioritizing the Effecting Factors in Organisational Structure of the Iranian...inventionjournals
The purpose of this paper is to identify and investigate the relevant factors in organisational structure of the Iranian southern ports which are located at Khuzestan state such as Abadan, Khorramshahr and Imam Khomeini port. It should be noted that two stages have been carried out in terms of the required infrastructure for implementation of knowledge management. In the first stage by analyzing the research data from the questionnaire and by using the single-sample t-test the situation of the above mentioned ports in terms of the required infrastructure of knowledge management has been reviewed and the hypotheses were tested. To capitalize on knowledge management, an organization must be swift in balancing its knowledge management activities. The results of these research shows that the condition of the ports is not suitable in respect of the infrastructure to implement the knowledge management. In the second stage, by using the grey relational analysis the ports have been evaluated by considering the five effecting factors such as information technology, organisational culture, organisational structure, human resources and change management. By referring to the port grey relational factors the following ranking in organisational structure of knowledge management has been achieved for the ports: Imam Khomeini port as first rank, Khorramshahr port as second rank and finally Abadan port as third rank in this research.
Designing a Knowledge Strategy Model for Iranian Public Organizations: A Stud...IOSR Journals
The present paper raises these questions that how is the state of knowledge strategy in Iran’s public organizations now (Electricity Industry) and how should be the state of knowledge strategy in Iran’s public organizations (Electricity Industry) until horizon 2025 and also what is the combination of optimal knowledge strategies to fill the knowledge gaps in the Iran’s public organizations (Electricity Industry). The purpose of these questions is to identify and explain knowledge strategies and also make strategic change in the current knowledge management in public organizations in order to fill the gap between the perceived situation of perspective horizon and current situation of knowledge management proportional to prevailing conditions in public organizations. In order to determine the knowledge strategies in public organizations, at first the main assumptions of knowledge strategy design in both areas of internal environment and external environment were considered and by using Fuzzy Delphi method, opportunities, threats, strengths and weaknesses of knowledge were identified and then knowledge strategies were identified by using the experts opinion and prioritized by technique of Network Analysis. Statistical population of this study is public organizations in Electricity Industry that 137 samples were selected randomly and by using questionnaires with help of Gap Analysis, the difference between current and desired situation was identified. According to the Gap Analysis that is done in four axes of knowledge strategy, some actions are proposed in the form of Forty-nine solutions to improve the current situation and reduce the gap.
This document summarizes an article from the International Journal of Library and Information Science (IJLIS) that examines knowledge processes for successful knowledge management application in university libraries in Nigeria. It identifies knowledge identification, acquisition, organization/creation, and dissemination as key knowledge processes. The study found that Nigerian university libraries carried out the first three processes to a large extent but knowledge creation was carried out to a low extent. It recommends that university libraries intensify efforts to create knowledge through activities like creating databases, reporting research data analyses, indexing knowledge generated at Nigerian universities, and cataloging online resources.
Information Science Vs. Information Management: An Analytical PerspectiveScientific Review SR
This document provides an analytical perspective on the differences and similarities between Information Science and Information Management. Some key points:
- Both fields deal with information processing and management but Information Science has a broader scope that incorporates computing, technology, and humanities aspects.
- They have some overlapping areas like originating from information studies domains and dealing with information collection, organization, and dissemination.
- However, there are also differences in their focus, with Information Science having stronger links to computing and technology while Information Management is more practice-oriented and linked to business and management.
- The fields also have some differences in typical academic programs, career paths, and research domains, though there is also overlap between the two applied and
Role of organizational structure in university entrepreneurshipAlexander Decker
This document discusses the role of organizational structure in university entrepreneurship based on interviews with entrepreneurship experts in Iran. The interviews identified several key requirements for an entrepreneurial university structure: total orientation toward entrepreneurship, enriched roles with autonomy and flexibility, and agility. Structural mechanisms like managerial, legal, and communication mechanisms were also seen as important. An entrepreneurial university structure was said to require these entrepreneurial traits and mechanisms to effectively support university entrepreneurship and the commercialization of research.
This chapter introduces knowledge management (KM) and discusses its importance in today's dynamic business environments. It defines KM as organizing and sharing important knowledge wherever needed. Key drivers of KM include increasing complexity, accelerating market changes, and high employee turnover. The chapter also discusses knowledge management systems which use technologies like AI and machine learning to capture, share, apply and discover organizational knowledge. While technology enables KM, human factors and organizational culture are more important to effective KM.
This document summarizes a journal article about analyzing the content of higher education internationalization policy from the perspective of internal stakeholders at Sebelas Maret University in Indonesia. The policy content areas analyzed include affected interests, types of benefits, extent of desired change, decision-making processes, program implementers, and involved resources. Through interviews with various stakeholders, the study found there were some conflicts of interest between stakeholders, especially between program implementers and some lecturers. Both short-term and long-term benefits of internationalization were recognized. The university had clear internationalization targets and policies. Decision-making power was hierarchical, with rectors having the most influence. Program implementers faced challenges with limited resources and understanding of internationalization.
This document discusses knowledge management in public and private higher education organizations in India. It aims to understand the dimensions of knowledge management and how they differ between public and private sectors. The document provides an extensive literature review on knowledge management, including definitions, types of knowledge, knowledge infrastructure capabilities like organizational culture, structure, and information technology. It also reviews past studies on knowledge management implementation in universities around the world.
Prioritizing the Effecting Factors in Organisational Structure of the Iranian...inventionjournals
The purpose of this paper is to identify and investigate the relevant factors in organisational structure of the Iranian southern ports which are located at Khuzestan state such as Abadan, Khorramshahr and Imam Khomeini port. It should be noted that two stages have been carried out in terms of the required infrastructure for implementation of knowledge management. In the first stage by analyzing the research data from the questionnaire and by using the single-sample t-test the situation of the above mentioned ports in terms of the required infrastructure of knowledge management has been reviewed and the hypotheses were tested. To capitalize on knowledge management, an organization must be swift in balancing its knowledge management activities. The results of these research shows that the condition of the ports is not suitable in respect of the infrastructure to implement the knowledge management. In the second stage, by using the grey relational analysis the ports have been evaluated by considering the five effecting factors such as information technology, organisational culture, organisational structure, human resources and change management. By referring to the port grey relational factors the following ranking in organisational structure of knowledge management has been achieved for the ports: Imam Khomeini port as first rank, Khorramshahr port as second rank and finally Abadan port as third rank in this research.
Designing a Knowledge Strategy Model for Iranian Public Organizations: A Stud...IOSR Journals
The present paper raises these questions that how is the state of knowledge strategy in Iran’s public organizations now (Electricity Industry) and how should be the state of knowledge strategy in Iran’s public organizations (Electricity Industry) until horizon 2025 and also what is the combination of optimal knowledge strategies to fill the knowledge gaps in the Iran’s public organizations (Electricity Industry). The purpose of these questions is to identify and explain knowledge strategies and also make strategic change in the current knowledge management in public organizations in order to fill the gap between the perceived situation of perspective horizon and current situation of knowledge management proportional to prevailing conditions in public organizations. In order to determine the knowledge strategies in public organizations, at first the main assumptions of knowledge strategy design in both areas of internal environment and external environment were considered and by using Fuzzy Delphi method, opportunities, threats, strengths and weaknesses of knowledge were identified and then knowledge strategies were identified by using the experts opinion and prioritized by technique of Network Analysis. Statistical population of this study is public organizations in Electricity Industry that 137 samples were selected randomly and by using questionnaires with help of Gap Analysis, the difference between current and desired situation was identified. According to the Gap Analysis that is done in four axes of knowledge strategy, some actions are proposed in the form of Forty-nine solutions to improve the current situation and reduce the gap.
This document summarizes an article from the International Journal of Library and Information Science (IJLIS) that examines knowledge processes for successful knowledge management application in university libraries in Nigeria. It identifies knowledge identification, acquisition, organization/creation, and dissemination as key knowledge processes. The study found that Nigerian university libraries carried out the first three processes to a large extent but knowledge creation was carried out to a low extent. It recommends that university libraries intensify efforts to create knowledge through activities like creating databases, reporting research data analyses, indexing knowledge generated at Nigerian universities, and cataloging online resources.
Information Science Vs. Information Management: An Analytical PerspectiveScientific Review SR
This document provides an analytical perspective on the differences and similarities between Information Science and Information Management. Some key points:
- Both fields deal with information processing and management but Information Science has a broader scope that incorporates computing, technology, and humanities aspects.
- They have some overlapping areas like originating from information studies domains and dealing with information collection, organization, and dissemination.
- However, there are also differences in their focus, with Information Science having stronger links to computing and technology while Information Management is more practice-oriented and linked to business and management.
- The fields also have some differences in typical academic programs, career paths, and research domains, though there is also overlap between the two applied and
Role of organizational structure in university entrepreneurshipAlexander Decker
This document discusses the role of organizational structure in university entrepreneurship based on interviews with entrepreneurship experts in Iran. The interviews identified several key requirements for an entrepreneurial university structure: total orientation toward entrepreneurship, enriched roles with autonomy and flexibility, and agility. Structural mechanisms like managerial, legal, and communication mechanisms were also seen as important. An entrepreneurial university structure was said to require these entrepreneurial traits and mechanisms to effectively support university entrepreneurship and the commercialization of research.
This chapter introduces knowledge management (KM) and discusses its importance in today's dynamic business environments. It defines KM as organizing and sharing important knowledge wherever needed. Key drivers of KM include increasing complexity, accelerating market changes, and high employee turnover. The chapter also discusses knowledge management systems which use technologies like AI and machine learning to capture, share, apply and discover organizational knowledge. While technology enables KM, human factors and organizational culture are more important to effective KM.
This document summarizes a journal article about analyzing the content of higher education internationalization policy from the perspective of internal stakeholders at Sebelas Maret University in Indonesia. The policy content areas analyzed include affected interests, types of benefits, extent of desired change, decision-making processes, program implementers, and involved resources. Through interviews with various stakeholders, the study found there were some conflicts of interest between stakeholders, especially between program implementers and some lecturers. Both short-term and long-term benefits of internationalization were recognized. The university had clear internationalization targets and policies. Decision-making power was hierarchical, with rectors having the most influence. Program implementers faced challenges with limited resources and understanding of internationalization.
Exploring the Relationship between MIS and Decision-Making Process at Al-Huss...Dr. Amarjeet Singh
This study aims to identify the role of management information systems (MIS) towards decision-making in Al-Hussein Bin Talal University (AHU). To accomplish the objective of the study, the following hypotheses were formulated: There are NO statistically significant differences between MIS and the effectiveness of the decision-making process (DMP) at AHU. There are NO statistically significant differences in the attitudes of employees at AHU on the role of MIS in the effectiveness of (DMP) due to their demographic variables (gender, age, marital status, job experience, and scientific qualification). The study followed the analytical descriptive approach, a questionnaire was designed to collect the data, it was distributed to a sample of (180) managerial and academic staff of decision-makers at AHU with a recovery rate of (89%). The most important results are: There is a statistically significant relationship between MIS and the decision-making process effectiveness in AHU, The results also showed there are statistically significant differences between the role of management information systems in making decisions due to the variables (age, job experience, and scientific qualification). While there are no statistically significant differences of (gender and marital status) variables, the study recommend the need to increase the support of senior management at AHU for users of information systems, the need to provide training and development programs for them and the need to increase attention to MIS through regular maintenance, continuous development, protection of information, and building an integrated electronic system at the level of all Jordanian universities that guarantees participation as well as safe and effective information exchange between them.
This paper stresses on the need of using Knowledge Management (KM) in the higher education
institutions of Saudi Arabia. The paper is based on the literature review and personal experience of the author in the education sector.The paper aims at highlighting the importance of KM for the educational institutions
particularly for developing countries. It also reviews the readiness of Saudi Arabia for KM application by illustrating different development initiatives taken by the Saudi government in different sectors. However, the literature also identifies many barriers on the way. Keeping the importance of KM for the higher education institutions in view, this paper proposes to adopt the model of Library Knowledge Management Center (LKMC) with needed
modifications for Universities of Saudi Arabia. This LKMC model was proposed by Parker,Nitse, and Flowers (2005) for the small business corporate for providing the Knowledge Management (KM) and Competitive Intelligence (CI) services. The paper discusses different components of the LKMC model and their relevance to the education sector.
This document summarizes a study that examined the effectiveness and availability of management accounting systems (MAS) for functional managers in Mauritius, an African developing country. The study proposed a contingency model where the available MAS dimensions (scope, aggregation, integration, and timeliness) play an intervening role between task uncertainty and decentralization on managerial performance. Survey data from production and marketing managers was analyzed using regression-path analysis. The results showed a positive relationship between all MAS dimensions and managerial performance. Decentralization policies were also found to be effective via the availability of broader, timely, aggregated, and integrated MAS. However, task uncertainty did not prove to be a contextual variable of interest.
This document summarizes eight interlinked papers on developing a market-driven pedagogy for teaching financial economics decisions. The papers address the mismatch between current pedagogy and industry demands, discuss revising the taxonomy of financial economics decisions given technological advances, and explore methods to discover how Generation Z prefers to learn. A key paper proposes a six-level taxonomy but suggests a revision initiative to harmonize the taxonomy with technology. Another paper applies a repeated measures design and data mining to identify motivational variables for Generation Z's learning. The findings note their preference for technology-centered and skills-based instruction. The papers aim to enhance graduates' employability by focusing on the decision-making skills demanded by the job market.
This CV summarizes the educational and professional background of Esmail Shabani. He has a BA in Business Management from Payam Noor University and an MA in Business Management from Tehran University. His professional experience includes university lecturer, advisor roles, and reviewer for several academic conferences. He has authored or co-authored over 40 papers and articles. He also attended various workshops in areas like marketing, entrepreneurship, and innovation.
Existence of and benefits from linkages between universityIAEME Publication
This document summarizes a research study on the linkages between universities and industry in Ethiopia. The study assessed the current status of partnerships by surveying staff from higher education institutions and industry in Dilla, Ethiopia. The study found that linkages existed in employment, academics/research, and business relationships. Both sectors benefited from these linkages. Higher education institutions benefited from producing industry-ready graduates, conducting applied research, and enhancing skills. Industries benefited from increased productivity, innovations, and reduced training costs. The study recommends strengthening these partnerships through industry experts advising universities, research collaborations, and government support like tax exemptions for industry contributions.
University for industry Pakistani contextNasir Tareen
The document discusses building a university for industry in Pakistan that meets the needs of industry. It proposes a framework with six areas for investment: excellent people, teaching and learning, student support, infrastructure/systems/resources, industry engagement, and consultancy. It also discusses understanding the university context, national context, educational approach, and curriculum design. The objective is to produce graduates with skills like those from MIT, such as systems thinking and computational thinking. The university aims to prepare students for new machines/systems and adopt MIT's New Engineering Education Transformation approach.
Recruitment and Selection of Employees as an Aspect of Human Resource Managem...ijtsrd
This document discusses recruitment and selection of employees as an aspect of human resource management in Cameroon universities. It finds that universities in Cameroon recognize the need for effective and efficient recruitment and selection processes. However, interference can undermine the human resources department's ability to carry out its functions properly. The study recommends giving human resources departments more independence and establishing good recruitment selection panels to conduct the process fairly and avoid issues like favoritism or hiring unqualified workers. Overall, the document examines recruitment and staffing challenges in Cameroon universities and proposes solutions to help institutions improve their personnel practices, especially in higher education.
PERFORMANCE MEASUREMENT OF HIGHER EDUCATIONAL INSTITUTIONS: AN EMPIRICAL STUD...IAEME Publication
There is need to increase the quality in the higher educational institutions. Quality
is the key parameter of discussion among HEIs and essential in competitive era. Every
institution has to perform its role effectively and survival of it is depending on the
capability to attract and retain the stakeholders, with recognition and reputation. The
present study has extracted seven factors by using exploratory factor analysis on
student’s perception. These factors are Digitization of Academic Awards, Campus
Placement, Extracurricular Activities, Infrastructure and Resources, Seminar and
Industrial Visits, Teaching Skills and Students Support System which will be useful for
the educational planners and the administrators in designing a more effective system
that can be valuable to improve the overall productivity of academics in higher
education. Therefore, this research has emphasized that government need to
concentrate on improving the enrollment of the students under NAD and a proper
focus will have to be given on policies and strategies to appoint high quality faculty by
the academicians.
This document discusses the internationalization of higher education at the University of Raparin in the Kurdistan Region of Iraq. It notes that the main challenges to internationalization at the university are budget constraints, language barriers, and issues with curriculum. The document also identifies developing partnerships with international institutions of higher education and increasing awareness of internationalization as important priorities. Finally, it states that demand for education is increasing rapidly in the Kurdistan Region due to demographic changes and economic growth.
What Engineering of the Devices Adult Formation: Case of Professionals of Ins...inventionjournals
In the setting of the formations organized by the direction of resources human of the OFPPT in order to develop the staff's expertise. Actions of formation have been started to the profit of the professionals of the superior institutes of the technologies applied that participate in an active manner to the territorial development, arriving thus to a new consensus of backing of a real approach participative, governance and responsibility citizen. The role of the formation and the framing of the professionals of the establishments of the ofppt has for fundamental goal the backing and the setting to level of their capacities and professional expertise. The ofppt "Office of the professional formation and the promotion of work": is a public organism in Morocco created in May 1974; he/it is the first public operator concerning professional formation. The office of professional formation, enrolls in this perspective while permitting the qualification of the professionals concerning management, of conduct of the territorial development and the human capital" by the animation of the sessions of formation and forums to the profit of the staffs of the superior Institutes of the big placed South of the regional direction of Casablanca in the setting of the setting in .uvre of the national plan of backing capacities of the establishments of the technologies applied ". The present research is a research of investigating, of inductive and retrospective analysis of the devices and the practices of formation of the professionals of the institutes of the OFPPT, that can provide to the field of the formation the conceptual bases, susceptible to improve the relevance and the quality of the deliverable. The object of this survey aims to articulate way very strong two measurements that don't necessarily go together: the theoretical dimension and the operative dimension that are connected to the gait of the engineering andragogique and the contributions of the professional didactics in the process of analysis, conceptualization and conduct of the formation devices. To the bottom, the conditions of the practice of the professional formation let think that he/it is applicable to interest itself/themselves of it to this methodological operative in the goal of location the clear and explicit logics of construction and formalization of the professional formations (mutualisation and capitalization for a real reinvestment of this subjective experience in other domains social of activities.
International Journal of Business and Management Invention (IJBMI) is an international journal intended for professionals and researchers in all fields of Business and Management. IJBMI publishes research articles and reviews within the whole field Business and Management, new teaching methods, assessment, validation and the impact of new technologies and it will continue to provide information on the latest trends and developments in this ever-expanding subject. The publications of papers are selected through double peer reviewed to ensure originality, relevance, and readability. The articles published in our journal can be accessed online.
This document discusses challenges facing the education sector in India, with a focus on higher education and management education. It notes that India's education system must rapidly improve to meet the needs of the country's large young population and changing economy. The goals of higher education in India should be to develop critical thinking skills, create new knowledge, increase social mobility, and mold citizens while respecting India's diversity. However, the current system struggles with issues of quality, access, and inclusion. Expansion of the system is needed to achieve targets like increasing enrollment rates to 20% or more of the relevant population.
This document discusses various academic search tools including Google Scholar, Google Scholar Citations, and Microsoft Academic Search. It explains how to create an academic profile on Google Scholar Citations to track citations and publications. Advanced features of Google Scholar like citations, related articles, and alerts are described. Microsoft Academic Search is outlined as another option for finding academic publications and automatically computing author impact metrics, though it can incorrectly assign articles to authors.
1. "Push marketing" refers to marketing where information is pushed to consumers with little initiation from the consumer. It involves using sales and promotion forces to put products and services into distribution channels and exert pressure.
2. "Pull marketing" refers to marketing where heavy expenses are used to incentivize consumers and buyers, with the aim of creating demand so consumers request products through various distribution channels themselves.
3. A combination "Push and Pull" strategy uses both approaches appropriately to incentivize intermediaries, buyers, consumers and customers to increase the company's market share.
Impact of knowledge management processes on organizational performanceAlexander Decker
This document discusses a study on the impact of knowledge management processes on organizational performance at the Institute of Technical Learning in Iraq. It conducted a survey of 33 department chairs to examine the relationship between knowledge management processes (knowledge generation, storage, publication, and application) and dimensions of organizational performance (personal behavior, scientific performance, social responsibility, and job relations). The study found significant correlations between knowledge management processes and organizational performance indicators. It concluded that knowledge management operations have a significant impact on organizational performance and recommended that research and development units be established in the colleges to generate new knowledge and enhance performance.
Exploring the Relationship between MIS and Decision-Making Process at Al-Huss...Dr. Amarjeet Singh
This study aims to identify the role of management information systems (MIS) towards decision-making in Al-Hussein Bin Talal University (AHU). To accomplish the objective of the study, the following hypotheses were formulated: There are NO statistically significant differences between MIS and the effectiveness of the decision-making process (DMP) at AHU. There are NO statistically significant differences in the attitudes of employees at AHU on the role of MIS in the effectiveness of (DMP) due to their demographic variables (gender, age, marital status, job experience, and scientific qualification). The study followed the analytical descriptive approach, a questionnaire was designed to collect the data, it was distributed to a sample of (180) managerial and academic staff of decision-makers at AHU with a recovery rate of (89%). The most important results are: There is a statistically significant relationship between MIS and the decision-making process effectiveness in AHU, The results also showed there are statistically significant differences between the role of management information systems in making decisions due to the variables (age, job experience, and scientific qualification). While there are no statistically significant differences of (gender and marital status) variables, the study recommend the need to increase the support of senior management at AHU for users of information systems, the need to provide training and development programs for them and the need to increase attention to MIS through regular maintenance, continuous development, protection of information, and building an integrated electronic system at the level of all Jordanian universities that guarantees participation as well as safe and effective information exchange between them.
This paper stresses on the need of using Knowledge Management (KM) in the higher education
institutions of Saudi Arabia. The paper is based on the literature review and personal experience of the author in the education sector.The paper aims at highlighting the importance of KM for the educational institutions
particularly for developing countries. It also reviews the readiness of Saudi Arabia for KM application by illustrating different development initiatives taken by the Saudi government in different sectors. However, the literature also identifies many barriers on the way. Keeping the importance of KM for the higher education institutions in view, this paper proposes to adopt the model of Library Knowledge Management Center (LKMC) with needed
modifications for Universities of Saudi Arabia. This LKMC model was proposed by Parker,Nitse, and Flowers (2005) for the small business corporate for providing the Knowledge Management (KM) and Competitive Intelligence (CI) services. The paper discusses different components of the LKMC model and their relevance to the education sector.
This document summarizes a study that examined the effectiveness and availability of management accounting systems (MAS) for functional managers in Mauritius, an African developing country. The study proposed a contingency model where the available MAS dimensions (scope, aggregation, integration, and timeliness) play an intervening role between task uncertainty and decentralization on managerial performance. Survey data from production and marketing managers was analyzed using regression-path analysis. The results showed a positive relationship between all MAS dimensions and managerial performance. Decentralization policies were also found to be effective via the availability of broader, timely, aggregated, and integrated MAS. However, task uncertainty did not prove to be a contextual variable of interest.
This document summarizes eight interlinked papers on developing a market-driven pedagogy for teaching financial economics decisions. The papers address the mismatch between current pedagogy and industry demands, discuss revising the taxonomy of financial economics decisions given technological advances, and explore methods to discover how Generation Z prefers to learn. A key paper proposes a six-level taxonomy but suggests a revision initiative to harmonize the taxonomy with technology. Another paper applies a repeated measures design and data mining to identify motivational variables for Generation Z's learning. The findings note their preference for technology-centered and skills-based instruction. The papers aim to enhance graduates' employability by focusing on the decision-making skills demanded by the job market.
This CV summarizes the educational and professional background of Esmail Shabani. He has a BA in Business Management from Payam Noor University and an MA in Business Management from Tehran University. His professional experience includes university lecturer, advisor roles, and reviewer for several academic conferences. He has authored or co-authored over 40 papers and articles. He also attended various workshops in areas like marketing, entrepreneurship, and innovation.
Existence of and benefits from linkages between universityIAEME Publication
This document summarizes a research study on the linkages between universities and industry in Ethiopia. The study assessed the current status of partnerships by surveying staff from higher education institutions and industry in Dilla, Ethiopia. The study found that linkages existed in employment, academics/research, and business relationships. Both sectors benefited from these linkages. Higher education institutions benefited from producing industry-ready graduates, conducting applied research, and enhancing skills. Industries benefited from increased productivity, innovations, and reduced training costs. The study recommends strengthening these partnerships through industry experts advising universities, research collaborations, and government support like tax exemptions for industry contributions.
University for industry Pakistani contextNasir Tareen
The document discusses building a university for industry in Pakistan that meets the needs of industry. It proposes a framework with six areas for investment: excellent people, teaching and learning, student support, infrastructure/systems/resources, industry engagement, and consultancy. It also discusses understanding the university context, national context, educational approach, and curriculum design. The objective is to produce graduates with skills like those from MIT, such as systems thinking and computational thinking. The university aims to prepare students for new machines/systems and adopt MIT's New Engineering Education Transformation approach.
Recruitment and Selection of Employees as an Aspect of Human Resource Managem...ijtsrd
This document discusses recruitment and selection of employees as an aspect of human resource management in Cameroon universities. It finds that universities in Cameroon recognize the need for effective and efficient recruitment and selection processes. However, interference can undermine the human resources department's ability to carry out its functions properly. The study recommends giving human resources departments more independence and establishing good recruitment selection panels to conduct the process fairly and avoid issues like favoritism or hiring unqualified workers. Overall, the document examines recruitment and staffing challenges in Cameroon universities and proposes solutions to help institutions improve their personnel practices, especially in higher education.
PERFORMANCE MEASUREMENT OF HIGHER EDUCATIONAL INSTITUTIONS: AN EMPIRICAL STUD...IAEME Publication
There is need to increase the quality in the higher educational institutions. Quality
is the key parameter of discussion among HEIs and essential in competitive era. Every
institution has to perform its role effectively and survival of it is depending on the
capability to attract and retain the stakeholders, with recognition and reputation. The
present study has extracted seven factors by using exploratory factor analysis on
student’s perception. These factors are Digitization of Academic Awards, Campus
Placement, Extracurricular Activities, Infrastructure and Resources, Seminar and
Industrial Visits, Teaching Skills and Students Support System which will be useful for
the educational planners and the administrators in designing a more effective system
that can be valuable to improve the overall productivity of academics in higher
education. Therefore, this research has emphasized that government need to
concentrate on improving the enrollment of the students under NAD and a proper
focus will have to be given on policies and strategies to appoint high quality faculty by
the academicians.
This document discusses the internationalization of higher education at the University of Raparin in the Kurdistan Region of Iraq. It notes that the main challenges to internationalization at the university are budget constraints, language barriers, and issues with curriculum. The document also identifies developing partnerships with international institutions of higher education and increasing awareness of internationalization as important priorities. Finally, it states that demand for education is increasing rapidly in the Kurdistan Region due to demographic changes and economic growth.
What Engineering of the Devices Adult Formation: Case of Professionals of Ins...inventionjournals
In the setting of the formations organized by the direction of resources human of the OFPPT in order to develop the staff's expertise. Actions of formation have been started to the profit of the professionals of the superior institutes of the technologies applied that participate in an active manner to the territorial development, arriving thus to a new consensus of backing of a real approach participative, governance and responsibility citizen. The role of the formation and the framing of the professionals of the establishments of the ofppt has for fundamental goal the backing and the setting to level of their capacities and professional expertise. The ofppt "Office of the professional formation and the promotion of work": is a public organism in Morocco created in May 1974; he/it is the first public operator concerning professional formation. The office of professional formation, enrolls in this perspective while permitting the qualification of the professionals concerning management, of conduct of the territorial development and the human capital" by the animation of the sessions of formation and forums to the profit of the staffs of the superior Institutes of the big placed South of the regional direction of Casablanca in the setting of the setting in .uvre of the national plan of backing capacities of the establishments of the technologies applied ". The present research is a research of investigating, of inductive and retrospective analysis of the devices and the practices of formation of the professionals of the institutes of the OFPPT, that can provide to the field of the formation the conceptual bases, susceptible to improve the relevance and the quality of the deliverable. The object of this survey aims to articulate way very strong two measurements that don't necessarily go together: the theoretical dimension and the operative dimension that are connected to the gait of the engineering andragogique and the contributions of the professional didactics in the process of analysis, conceptualization and conduct of the formation devices. To the bottom, the conditions of the practice of the professional formation let think that he/it is applicable to interest itself/themselves of it to this methodological operative in the goal of location the clear and explicit logics of construction and formalization of the professional formations (mutualisation and capitalization for a real reinvestment of this subjective experience in other domains social of activities.
International Journal of Business and Management Invention (IJBMI) is an international journal intended for professionals and researchers in all fields of Business and Management. IJBMI publishes research articles and reviews within the whole field Business and Management, new teaching methods, assessment, validation and the impact of new technologies and it will continue to provide information on the latest trends and developments in this ever-expanding subject. The publications of papers are selected through double peer reviewed to ensure originality, relevance, and readability. The articles published in our journal can be accessed online.
This document discusses challenges facing the education sector in India, with a focus on higher education and management education. It notes that India's education system must rapidly improve to meet the needs of the country's large young population and changing economy. The goals of higher education in India should be to develop critical thinking skills, create new knowledge, increase social mobility, and mold citizens while respecting India's diversity. However, the current system struggles with issues of quality, access, and inclusion. Expansion of the system is needed to achieve targets like increasing enrollment rates to 20% or more of the relevant population.
This document discusses various academic search tools including Google Scholar, Google Scholar Citations, and Microsoft Academic Search. It explains how to create an academic profile on Google Scholar Citations to track citations and publications. Advanced features of Google Scholar like citations, related articles, and alerts are described. Microsoft Academic Search is outlined as another option for finding academic publications and automatically computing author impact metrics, though it can incorrectly assign articles to authors.
1. "Push marketing" refers to marketing where information is pushed to consumers with little initiation from the consumer. It involves using sales and promotion forces to put products and services into distribution channels and exert pressure.
2. "Pull marketing" refers to marketing where heavy expenses are used to incentivize consumers and buyers, with the aim of creating demand so consumers request products through various distribution channels themselves.
3. A combination "Push and Pull" strategy uses both approaches appropriately to incentivize intermediaries, buyers, consumers and customers to increase the company's market share.
Impact of knowledge management processes on organizational performanceAlexander Decker
This document discusses a study on the impact of knowledge management processes on organizational performance at the Institute of Technical Learning in Iraq. It conducted a survey of 33 department chairs to examine the relationship between knowledge management processes (knowledge generation, storage, publication, and application) and dimensions of organizational performance (personal behavior, scientific performance, social responsibility, and job relations). The study found significant correlations between knowledge management processes and organizational performance indicators. It concluded that knowledge management operations have a significant impact on organizational performance and recommended that research and development units be established in the colleges to generate new knowledge and enhance performance.
The study aimed to identify the relationship between knowledge management requirements and academic human resource development in colleges of education in Jordanian public universities. A survey of 200 faculty found that human resource development and availability of knowledge management requirements were at a medium level. A positive statistically significant relationship was found between human resource development and knowledge management requirements. The study recommends incentive systems to apply faculty knowledge and expertise, and more research in this area.
Knowledge management in universities in uganda a social perspectiveAlexander Decker
1) The document discusses knowledge management in universities in Uganda and its impact on transforming society. It assessed the relationship between knowledge management and society transformation in two private Ugandan universities.
2) The study found an average negative relationship between knowledge management and society transformation, indicating universities are not effectively applying knowledge to solve societal problems.
3) The author recommends universities strengthen knowledge sharing between students, faculty, and other institutions to better acquaint graduates with problem solving approaches that can transform society.
Can Technological, Organizational and Individual Antecedents Together Optimiz...Dr. Amarjeet Singh
Faculty members’ are the intellectual leader for
developing societies. It is believed that the new knowledge
is created and transferred to the people in the Universities.
Although, relatively still an infancy field of research,
studies in Knowledge Management (KM) and Knowledge
Sharing (KS) continue to be on the boost. Knowledge
Sharing and Innovation are also whispered to be interrelated and could influence organizational performance.
Studies show that individual’s knowledge does not renovate
simply into institutional knowledge even with the use of
knowledge depository. Furthermore, it is also believed that
Information and Communication Technology (ICT) can
enhance knowledge sharing with the integration of
individual behaviour and diverse organizational factors. As
a comparatively new field of research, studies on
knowledge sharing based on Information Systems (IS) in
developed countries is also on the increase. Unfortunately,
knowledge sharing research in the higher academic
institutions in developing countries were mostly found to be
given trivial considerations. Therefore, the aim of this
study is to investigate whether the technological,
organizational and individual factors together can help
increase Knowledge Sharing in HEIs and contribute it in
augmenting organizational performance in developing
countries. The methodology of this study was
subjective/argumentative i.e., idea generation in
Information Systems (IS). The findings of the study reveal
that utilizing the technological, organizational and
individual antecedents together for organizational
knowledge sharing can augment overall organizational
performance. The study explored the antecedents that
increased innovation in organizations. These were the
individual intention, attitude, self-efficacy for training and
development, subjective norm, organizational trust,
leadership, organizational rewards, organizational culture,
social network, and use of ICT. It also reveals that KS
could be increased in the organizations utilizing selecting
and initiating proper antecedents for practicing KS. We
desire to extend this study to further an empirical
investigation on the same issue to validate the research
results.
Organizations worldwide are showing increasing interest in knowledge management practices to address the contemporary challenges of today’s digital age. Knowledge is becoming a critical core asset to sustain competitive advantage and as a vehicle for continuous improvement and innovation. However, most of the developments in the knowledge management field are driven by international organizations or private commercial companies. Considering the impact of knowledge management practices, government organizations have the potential for significant improvements in performance, transformation, and the development of a more responsive citizen-centric government.
This article has two objectives: The first is to provide an overview of knowledge management and highlight the importance of this field of practice, and the second is to provide a case study of the successful implementation of knowledge management in a federal government organization in the United Arab Emirates. This article outlines the adopted approach and framework and elaborates on each of the implemented components. The presented case study and lessons learned are benchmarks for best practices and contribute to the existing experimental cases. This, in turn, should help organizations and researchers to better understand how public sector government organizations are perceiving and practicing knowledge management, which should enable them to reflect and propose improvements.
International Journal of Engineering Research and Applications (IJERA) is an open access online peer reviewed international journal that publishes research and review articles in the fields of Computer Science, Neural Networks, Electrical Engineering, Software Engineering, Information Technology, Mechanical Engineering, Chemical Engineering, Plastic Engineering, Food Technology, Textile Engineering, Nano Technology & science, Power Electronics, Electronics & Communication Engineering, Computational mathematics, Image processing, Civil Engineering, Structural Engineering, Environmental Engineering, VLSI Testing & Low Power VLSI Design etc.
Barriers to the Implementation of Knowledge Management in Iranian Institutions drboon
Knowledge management in Iranian institutions is almost a new subject. Unfortunately this concept in Iranian institutions has grown slowly and as a result, it has reached to the point where a significant number of institutions never have used it and it caused their inefficiency and ineffectiveness. This article tries to find the root barriers to the implementation of knowledge management in Iranian institutions. To this end, the process of knowledge management through process approach was analyzed and then the main barriers and difficulties were identified. Then through information obtained from 114 selected Iranian institutions, to improve their systems, some proper recommendations were suggested.
Knowledge Management Practices In (Comsat) Academic Library Networkinventionjournals
Our society today is immensely impacted by the progress in information and communication technologies (ICTs). Literature names this change and the rise of new environment as “period of rapid change”. There is hardly any professional or field which has not stirred by the ICTs. In this globally competitive environment, librarianship is also deeply affected by ICTs and acts as a web among all the educational institutions. Libraries of various educational institutions must go with the flow by transforming the information into knowledge and introduce productive and new services. Knowledge is indeed the root to stay firm in this economy-run society today. This research article attempts to analyze the KM tools, their usage, awareness, and advantages. This study will show how COMSAT University (CIIT) Library network around different campuses convert the intellectual assets of Library and there workers and staff members into higher productive services by using KM tools and techniques.
11.determining the relationship between information technology and leadership...Alexander Decker
The document examines the relationship between information technology and leadership style at the Navy Research Institute of Bandar Anzali in northern Iran. It finds a meaningful relationship between participative leadership style and supportive IT for strategic decisions, as well as between despotic leadership style and supportive IT for strategic decisions. The study uses questionnaires, statistical analysis, and hypothesis testing to analyze the data and relationships.
Determining the relationship between information technology and leadership styleAlexander Decker
The document examines the relationship between information technology and leadership style at the Navy Research Institute of Bandar Anzali in northern Iran. It analyzes data collected through questionnaires using statistical analysis software. The analysis finds a meaningful relationship between participative leadership style and information technology that supports strategic decision making, as well as between despotic leadership style and such information technology. The document concludes there is a direct relationship between information technology application and participative leadership style, but a despotic style limits information technology use.
Knowledge management strategies in higher educationiaemedu
The document discusses knowledge management strategies in higher education. It begins by explaining the concepts of explicit and implicit knowledge and how knowledge works in higher education. It then discusses trends in knowledge management practices for higher education, including leveraging knowledge to enhance innovation and convergence with research. Finally, it proposes technology solutions like university portals that can integrate tools and resources to improve knowledge sharing and exchange among faculty and students across campuses.
Knowledge management strategies in higher educationiaemedu
The document discusses knowledge management strategies in higher education. It begins by explaining the concepts of explicit and implicit knowledge and how knowledge works in higher education. Some key trends in knowledge management practices for higher education are emerging technology solutions, a movement from conventional teaching to knowledge management-oriented systems, and applying implicit knowledge. The document also discusses how technology solutions like portals can support knowledge exchange and management objectives in higher education. It provides examples of applying knowledge management in areas like research processes, curriculum development, and administrative services to improve outcomes. Overall, the document advocates for institutions to take a holistic approach to knowledge management to better share and leverage both explicit and implicit knowledge.
The document discusses knowledge management strategies in higher education. It begins by explaining the concepts of explicit and implicit knowledge and how knowledge works in higher education. Some key trends in knowledge management practices for higher education are emerging technology solutions, a movement from conventional teaching to knowledge management-oriented systems, and applying implicit knowledge. The document also discusses how technology solutions like portals can support knowledge exchange and management objectives in higher education. It provides examples of applying knowledge management in areas like research processes, curriculum development, and administrative services to improve outcomes. Overall, the document advocates for institutions to take a holistic approach to knowledge management to better share and leverage both explicit and implicit knowledge across the higher education system.
Knowledge management strategies in higher educationIAEME Publication
The document discusses knowledge management strategies in higher education. It begins by explaining the concepts of explicit and implicit knowledge and how knowledge works in higher education. Some key trends in knowledge management practices for higher education are emerging technology solutions, a movement from conventional teaching to knowledge management-oriented systems, and applying implicit knowledge. The document also discusses how technology solutions like portals can help support knowledge exchange. It explores applying knowledge management in areas like research, curriculum development, and administrative services to improve processes and leverage best practices. The overall aim is to discuss how knowledge management concepts used in business can also be applied in higher education institutions.
The document discusses knowledge management strategies in higher education. It explains that knowledge management aims to leverage both explicit knowledge, such as best practices and research findings, as well as implicit knowledge embedded within people, like expertise and experiences. While knowledge management is commonly used in businesses, it has potential benefits for higher education institutions to improve learning methods, gain competitive advantages, and achieve operational excellence. The document outlines trends in applying knowledge management in higher education, such as using it to enhance innovation and boosting implicit over explicit knowledge sharing. It also discusses technology solutions like university portals that can facilitate collaboration and knowledge exchange between faculty and students.
Identification and Ranking of Factors in Successful Implementation of Knowled...IOSRJBM
Many organizations focus on knowledge management and make huge investments in information technology. The purpose of this study was to identify and rank the driving factors in successful implementation of knowledge management in EghtesadNovin (EN) Bank of Iran using the AHP technique. 128 employees of the EN Bank participated in the study. Data were collectedusing a researcher-made questionnaire with a Cronbach’s alpha of 0.873. AHP was used in Expert Choice to rank knowledge management success factors. The results indicated that strategy, senior management support, human resource management, organizational infrastructure, culture, incentives, administrative processes, and employee involvement were respectively the most important factors in successful implementation of knowledge management in EN Bank.
Organizations worldwide are showing increasing interest in knowledge management practices to address the contemporary challenges of today's digital age. Knowledge is becoming a critical core asset to sustain competitive advantage and as a vehicle for continuous improvement and innovation. However, most of the developments in the knowledge management field are driven by international organizations or private commercial companies. Considering the impact of knowledge management practices, government organizations have the potential for significant improvements in performance, transformation, and the development of a more responsive citizen-centric government.
This article has two objectives: The first is to provide an overview of knowledge management and highlight the importance of this field of practice, and the second is to provide a case study of the successful implementation of knowledge management in a federal government organization in the United Arab Emirates. This article outlines the adopted approach and framework and elaborates on each of the implemented components. The presented case study and lessons learned are benchmarks for best practices and contribute to the existing experimental cases. This, in turn, should help organizations and researchers to better understand how public sector government organizations perceive and practicing knowledge management, which should enable them to reflect and propose improvements.
The influence of information technology capability, organizational learning, ...Alexander Decker
This document reports on a study that examined the influence of information technology capability, organizational learning, and knowledge management capability on organizational performance in banking branches in Southern Kalimantan Province, Indonesia. The study hypothesized that information technology capability positively impacts organizational learning, knowledge management capability, and organizational performance. It also hypothesized that organizational learning positively impacts knowledge management capability and organizational performance. Survey data were collected from 69 banking branches and analyzed using partial least squares. The results supported most of the hypotheses, finding significant positive relationships between the variables except for the relationship between organizational learning and knowledge management capability.
This document summarizes an article from the International Journal of Library and Information Science (IJLIS) that examines knowledge processes for successful knowledge management application in university libraries in Nigeria. The article identifies knowledge identification, acquisition, organization/creation, and dissemination as key knowledge processes. It finds that while identification, acquisition, and organization were carried out to a large extent, creation was carried out to a low extent. The greatest process employed was acquisition. The article recommends intensifying efforts around knowledge creation.
This document summarizes a research study that assessed key factors for establishing knowledge management in hospitals in Isfahan, Iran. The study examined the relationship between organizational culture, knowledge processes, information technology, and knowledge management establishment. A survey was administered to 300 hospital staff. The results showed that organizational culture, knowledge processes, and information technology all had a significant positive impact on knowledge management establishment. Organizational culture was found to promote participation and a sense of belonging, while knowledge processes and information technology facilitated knowledge sharing and management. The study concluded that considering these key factors can help to successfully establish knowledge management in organizations.
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Are private universities ready for implementation of knowledge management in iran a case study on islamic azad university, neyshabur branch
1. European Journal of Business and Management www.iiste.org
ISSN 2222-1905 (Paper) ISSN 2222-2839 (Online)
Vol 4, No.18, 2012
Are Private Universities Ready for Implementation of Knowledge
Management in Iran? A Case study on Islamic Azad University,
Neyshabur Branch
Mohammad Lashkary1 Esmail Khodai Matin2* Behzad Hassannezhad Kashani3 Kolonel Kasraei4
1. Department of Economics, Islamic Azad University, Neyshabur Branch, Neyshabur, Iran
2. Young Researchers Club, Islamic Azad University, Neyshabur Branch, Neyshabur, Iran
3. Department of Business Management, Islamic Azad University, Neyshabur Branch, Neyshabur, Iran
4. Department of Management, Islamic Azad University, Qeshm Branch, Qeshm, Iran
*
Email of the Corresponding Author: esmailkhodaimatin@gmail.com
Abstract
Nowadays, knowledge is the most fundamental and worthwhile capital for any organization. As a result of
instantaneous changes and improvements, organizations have to do their best to access knowledge management.
Universities which are considered as the pivotal centers of engendering and disseminating of knowledge can gain
great advantage of knowledge management. In the direction of the beneficial performance of knowledge
management, rudimentary investigation of its implementation is of vital importance; therefore, this study intends to
ascertain the amount of basic infrastructures’ readiness to implement the knowledge management system
(Organizational Culture, Organizational Structure, technical infrastructure) and rank these elements based on their
importance in Islamic Azad University of Neyshabur. The statistical population of research is the faculty members of
Islamic Azad university of Neyshabur. Stratified random sampling has been used and the required data collected
through questionnaires. The questions, which have been formed the questionnaire, have been designed on the basis
of Hurbert Rampersad questionnaire. The findings of the research indicate that Islamic Azad University of
Neyshabur is at an average status of readiness for the application of knowledge management in different dimensions
of ‘organizational culture’, ‘information technology infrastructure’ and ‘Organizational Structure’. The results of
ranking test, Friedman test, also showed that ‘organizational culture’ is the most and ‘information technology’ is the
least important element.
Keywords: knowledge management, technical infrastructure, Organizational Culture, Organizational Structure,
Islamic Azad University
1. Introduction
Universities are today at their ‘third stream’ or ‘third mission’, This term refers to the various roles of universities
such as economic improvement in addition to two traditional roles of educating and researching (Rossi, 2010).
Therefore, universities try as hard as they can to improve and augment the intellectual capital through benefiting
from the existing resources. Not only these resources consist of information resources, but also they include
intellectual powers and human resources and it is required to recognize and gain advantage from them through the
appropriate techniques of management (Hazeri & Sarafzadeh, 2006). Knowledge management, as a more apposite
instrument and through managing the explicit and implicit properties of organizations’ knowledge, is an indication of
ample study in this field and can get access to the novel objectives of universities in the knowledge era besides the
traditional goals of education and research.
It should be noticed that universities are the pivotal centers of engendering and disseminating of knowledge and also
the vital resources of social improvements (Tian et al. 2009). Therefore, if knowledge management is not applied in
the universities, most founts of intellectual capital and scientific products will be dwindled away on a massive scale.
Additionally, paucity of retaining the tacit knowledge and assembled information during the process of
accomplishing scientific researches, projects and experiences has made this equipment inaccessible for others. If the
existing knowledge cannot be gathered and retained, it is not manageable in other times and places and this
deficiency will bring about economic losses for the university in consequence of the fact that the university have to
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2. European Journal of Business and Management www.iiste.org
ISSN 2222-1905 (Paper) ISSN 2222-2839 (Online)
Vol 4, No.18, 2012
purchase the existing knowledge just because of the lack of awareness in the same knowledge possession or inability
of getting access to it. Time which is wasted to achieve the knowledge is also as valuable as the financial expenses.
Besides, if knowledge cannot be assembled inside the universities, this chance may be left for the unethical
opportunists and private publishers outside the universities area to publish the same work.
It is an axiom that globalization and the development of communication and exchange of information can facilitate
the process of transferring data and knowledge and also help the universities in the direction of improving and
entering the universal community (Yadegarzadeh et al. 2007). This innovation can be an auspicious start for the
knowledge management and better performance of resources in the future to achieve more efficiency, competence
and innovation in the universities.
Due to the present conditions, the available organizations have great dissimilarities with the past. The most
fundamental feature of 21th c. organizations is their emphasis on knowledge and information. In contrary to the past
organizations, the present ones possess the advanced technology, require conquest, management and follow up the
infinite changes. Knowledge is a powerful instrument to make changes and innovations throughout the world in
which the new organizations are more interested (Mohamadifateh et al. 2008).
Knowledge, as an organization’s property and a competitive advantage, has made it possible for the organizations to
compete with each other with aplomb and remain in this field with the help of this strategic resource. “The
importance of knowledge and its applications have been discussed in different dimensions for example it is
considered as an instrument for the comprehensive implementation and fair distribution of income from the
viewpoint of sociologists, it has been discussed as the key feature of stability, success and consistent competitive
advantages from the perspective of organization and management, and in economics, it has been adverted as a
strategic asset (Hasanzadeh et al. 2009), in a way that nowadays economics has been transformed into a
knowledge-based economics in which 1) knowledge is considered in economics as the pivotal source prior to other
elements of natural resources or capital in the industrial economics; 2) the implicit properties, services and brands are
the factors more important than explicit properties for the modern organizations’ success; 3) world is a network
which is advocated by the advanced communicative technologies and makes it feasible for knowledge to be passed
across the borders (Cantner et al. 2009).
Some resolutions have been proposed to gain more advantage of knowledge. In this direction, knowledge
management has been introduced as the most beneficial duty of the organizations for management and the
application of this vital resource, also a novel perspective for taking advantage and from implicit properties.
“Knowledge management’s emphasis is mainly on some activities such as recognizing, gaining, engendering,
retaining, sharing and applying the knowledge by people and groups in the organization (Sun, 2010). Considering
what was mentioned, Wen (2009) defines knowledge management as “a collection of procedures for engendering,
gaining, sharing and applying knowledge to promote the organizational performance”.
Owing to the fact that measurement is the prerequisite for the performance improvement, an apposite scale
framework is specifically required for measuring the organization’s status from the viewpoint of its readiness in the
field of knowledge management. The organization’s readiness for knowledge management signifies its readiness in
whole dimensions of recognizing, assembling, organizing, retaining, disseminating and sharing knowledge in the
organization (Dastrang et al. 2011). Therefore, the assessment of organization’s readiness for knowledge
management includes the recognition of present status of knowledge management in the adverted dimensions and the
recognition of required changes for the augmentation of organization’s capabilities of knowledge management.
Additionally, the assessment of a system prior to its establishment can be considerably helpful in diminishing the
plan’s risks and staffs’ resistance against the changes.
Considering the experts’ and researchers’ studies and remarks in the field of knowledge management, it seems that
among various important factors, three ones are more significant in getting success in executing knowledge
management which are as follows: “technology”, “organizational culture” and organizational structure”. Mills and
Smith (2011) say: “These infrastructures have principal effect on the organizational performance and innovation”.
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3. European Journal of Business and Management www.iiste.org
ISSN 2222-1905 (Paper) ISSN 2222-2839 (Online)
Vol 4, No.18, 2012
Information technology, as a main effective element in knowledge management, facilitates the process of
engendering, sharing, retaining and applying knowledge in the organization (Lee & Lee, 2007). It also affects
knowledge management in the two following ways: 1) Appropriate technology should be applied to get access an
effective knowledge management. 2) Organizational structures should be simplified to enhance the effectiveness of
knowledge management (Aujirapongpan et al 2010).
Organizational culture is another main infrastructure in executing knowledge management. “Organizational
management is a collection of values, beliefs, norms, perceptions and procedures in which the organizations’ people
are analogous. An effective organizational culture has a great influence on producing a suitable condition of
exchanging and advocating the knowledge activities in the organization (Allameh et al. 2011). Some other factors
such as the organization capability of learning, organizational memory improvement and sharing knowledge among
them are all dependent upon culture (Mills and Smith, 2011).
Other fundamental element in applying knowledge management in the organizations is organizational structure. In
various dimensions, organizational structure can assist knowledge management in accomplishing its objectives.
Organizational structure affects the processes of both knowledge management and organizational management
(Aujirapongpan et al. 2010) and makes more communications feasible, facilitates the dissemination of knowledge
and creates the culture of disseminating knowledge inside the organization. Organizational structure is effectual in
establishing knowledge management group; therefore, applying reasonable strategies in the direction of knowledge
management purposes, and designing correspondent organizational structure can be very beneficial to succeed in
accomplishing the knowledge management plan.
Due to the fact that universities, based on their size, scope and variety of intellectual capitals, are the most
widespread and formal social institutions, knowledge management is required of them to achieve more impressive
producing, sharing, organizing and using information resources, knowledge and intellectual capitals. These
noteworthy capitals, regardless of whether they are from inside or outside or explicit or implicit, must be properly
discovered, retained, upgraded, and given to the interested through using the newest technologies. It is obvious that
gaining success in knowledge management plans is dependent upon collaborations between the various authorities of
universities (Hazeri & Sarafzadeh, 2006).
2. Review of Literature
Notwithstanding the importance and necessity of knowledge management in the modern organizations, little studies
have been done in the field of the knowledge management infrastructures in the organizations especially in the
universities.
In Malaysia, Abdullah et al. (2008) have done a research which is titled “An Empirical Study of Knowledge
Management System Implementation in Public Higher Learning Institution”. This study is a survey which has been
done through distributing questionnaires in six state universities of Klang Valley. The findings have indicated that
knowledge management has been executed in state institutes of higher education in Malaysia, although the culture of
sharing knowledge is not still well institutionalized. Organizational structure of state institutes of higher education in
Klang Valley of Malaysia is not yet appropriate to apply the knowledge management plan. But the results of
institutes’ readiness in the field of information technology for the application of knowledge management show the
institutes’ possession of this infrastructure
In another research, which is entitled “The Application of Knowledge Management in Enhancing the Performance of
Malaysian Universities”, Mohayidin et al. (2007) have investigated the effect of applying knowledge management in
increasing Malaysia universities efficiency, and they have also studied the effects of other elements on achieving the
knowledge management objectives. So, they have done a survey research in eight state and private universities of
Malaysia. The findings have indicated that the effective factors in establishing the rudimentary innovations of
knowledge management are as follows: infrastructural support, information culture, assembling, producing, retaining
and disseminating of knowledge. Information culture has been averred as the most important factor. The results have
shown that making changes in culture and human characteristics is seriously difficult, but if it can be feasible, very
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conspicuous effects can be achieved to succeed in the knowledge management projects.
Rowley (2000) has done a research titled “Is higher education ready for knowledge management?” and studied the
capability of applying knowledge management concepts in Canadian universities. In his study, He has stated that
there are some adversities in making knowledge-based environment in the universities. He also proved that executing
knowledge management system in Canadian universities is required to ameliorate organizational structures and
rewarding system. Against two foregoing infrastructures, he regards information technology as the more necessary
and appropriate factor to facilitate the activities of sharing knowledge.
Fathollahi et al. (2010) have accomplished a survey research entitled “Is the University of Isfahan Ready for
Implementing Knowledge Management?” in which they have came to the conclusion that Isfahan University is ready
from the dimension of culture for implementing knowledge management plan, but this readiness cannot be seen in
other elements of ‘structure and processes’ and ‘information technology infrastructure’.
In another research which is titled “Looking upon the infrastructure of knowledge management in Educational and
Psychology Faculty of Isfahan University and presenting solutions to improve it” and has been done by Hoseyni
(2007) in a university environment, after studying three fundamental factors of knowledge management
infrastructures (managerial factor, organizational culture and technical elements), the researcher has came to the
conclusion that technical infrastructure is in a suitable status throughout the university, but two other ones-
managerial factor and organizational culture- do not have apposite conditions.
The present study intends to investigate three mentioned factors’ status quo which are “human culture and elements,
structure and processes, information technology infrastructure” and have been brought up in most of the
implementation models of knowledge management as the main efficacious factors of the plan. Every element’s
readiness for implementing the knowledge management system has been assessed before executing the plan. The
findings of this research can provide an opportunity for the university to make some resolutions and programs for
amending and organizing these infrastructures to avert possible damages resulting from plan’s failure due to existing
deficiency in any of these elements.
3. Research Questions
The main question which has been discussed in the research is whether Islamic Azad University of Mashhad is ready
to implement the knowledge management system or not. This question has been asked in the form of three minor
questions which are as follows:
1- Is the element of ‘Organizational Culture’ in an appropriate status at Islamic Azad University of Neyshabur
to implement the knowledge management system?
2- Is the element of ‘Organizational Structure’ in an appropriate status at Islamic Azad University of
Neyshabur to implement the knowledge management system?
3- Is the element of ‘information technology’ in an appropriate status at Islamic Azad University of Neyshabur
to implement the knowledge management system?
Owing to the fact that the faculty members’ specialization and scientific grade can affect their perspectives on the
matter of knowledge management infrastructures’ status, two other minor questions have been proposed as
following:
4- Is there any significant difference among the faculty members’ viewpoints of Islamic Azad University of
Neyshabur in the fields of humanities, engineering, basic sciences and medical sciences about the
university’s readiness for the implementation of knowledge management system?
5- Is there any significant difference among the faculty members’ viewpoints of Islamic Azad University of
Neyshabur in various scientific grades (professor, associate professor, assistant professor and instructor)?
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4. Research Method
An applicatory and descriptive research method adopted to conduct this study. Data has been collected through a
reviewed questionnaire which is originally designed by Hurbert Rampersad (2002) for different kinds of
organizations. The questionnaire consists of two parts. Demographic questions have been asked in the first part
which includes age, marital status, gender, degree, scientific grade and department. Second part of the questionnaire
involves 50 questions in different fields of “Organizational Culture” (25 questions), “Organizational Structure” (15
questions) and “information technology” (10 questions). A rudimentary sample has been used to appraise the
reliability of the research. This rudimentary questionnaire has been distributed between 20 people and its reliability,
which has been calculated by SPSS software and Cronbach’s Alpha formula, is 0.94 that indicates the high validity
of the questionnaire. Due to the fact that the questionnaire consists of three parts, Alpha’s coefficient has been
considered for all three different parts. Alpha’s coefficient of “Organizational Culture” is 0.70, “Organizational
Structure” is 0.80 and “information technology infrastructure” is 0.79. Statistical population of the research includes
the whole faculty members of Islamic Azad University of Neyshabur which are 152 people. The sampling method
was stratified random sampling due to different ranks of universities in the population of the research, and Cochran
formula applied to estimate the research sample size which was 51.
Table 1. The respondents’ characteristics
Marital
Gender Degree Department
Respondents’ status
characteristics Basic Medical
S. M. F. M. MA PhD Humanities Engineering
sciences sciences
Frequency 3 48 13 38 5 46 25 10 9 7
Percent 6 94 15.5 74.5 10 90 49 20 17.5 13.5
5. Data Analysis Method
The descriptive statistics’ methods such as mean, standard deviation, variance and percentage calculation and also
inferential statistics (T test) have been applied to analyze the data, and SPSS software used for statistical calculation.
6. Research Results
The first minor question: Is the element of ‘Organizational Culture’ in an appropriate status at Islamic Azad
University of Neyshabur to implement the knowledge management system?
Table 2. T test of the first minor question of the research
Sample Hypothesized Observed
Element SD SE T-value P-value
size mean mean
Organizational
51 3 3.09 0.65 0.075 3.32 0.019
Culture
Table 2 shows that the t-value (3.32) is significant in 95% confidence interval. The observed mean is 3.09 showing
that the organizational culture is significantly optimal. So, we can conclude that this factor is relatively optimal for
implementation of knowledge in Islamic Azad University of Neyshabur. Thus, the level of readiness for the
implementation of knowledge management is at an average level in this dimension.
The second minor question: Is the element of ‘Organizational Structure’ in an appropriate status at Islamic Azad
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University of Neyshabur to implement the knowledge management system.
Table 3. T test of the second minor question of the research
Sample Hypothesized Observed
Element SD SE T-value P-value
size mean mean
Organizational
51 3 2.98 0.79 0.092 - 3.24 0.05
Structure
Table 3 indicates that the t-value (-3.24) is significant in 95% confidence interval. The observed mean is 2.98
showing that the organizational structure is significantly optimal. So, we can conclude that this factor is relatively
optimal for implementation of knowledge in Islamic Azad University of Neyshabur. Thus, the level of readiness for
the implementation of knowledge management is at an average level in this dimension.
The third minor question: Is the element of ‘information technology’ in an appropriate status at Islamic Azad
University of Neyshabur to implement the knowledge management system?
Table 4. T test of the third minor question of the research
Sample Hypothesized Observed
Element SD SE T-value P-value
size mean mean
Information
technology 51 3 2.87 0.81 0.094 4.39 0.001
infrastructure
Table 4 indicates that the t-value (4.39) is significant in 99% confidence interval. The observed mean is 2.87 showing
that the information technology infrastructure is significantly optimal. We can conclude that this factor is relatively
optimal for implementation of knowledge in Islamic Azad University of Neyshabur. So, the level of readiness for the
implementation of knowledge management is at an average level in this dimension.
The forth minor question: Is there any significant difference between the faculty members’ viewpoints of Islamic
Azad University of Neyshabur in the fields of humanities, engineering, basic sciences and medical sciences about the
university’s readiness for the implementation of knowledge management system?
Variance analysis test (F-test) applied to answer this question.
Table 5. The comparison of average number of elements’ readiness of Islamic Azad University of Neyshabur from
the viewpoint of faculty members of different departments
Humanities Engineering Basic sciences Medical sciences
Elements’ Variance
Significance
statistical M S M S M S M S analysis
level (p)
indexes Mean Variance Mean Variance Mean Variance Mean Variance (f)
Organizational
2.81 0.709 3.25 0.560 3.18 0.74 3.23 0.47 2.457 0.070
Culture
Organizational
2.70 0.91 3.06 0.69 3.01 0.70 3.28 0.77 1.762 0.162
Structure
Information
technology 2.65 0.92 2.91 0.77 2.93 0.71 3.11 0.73 1.032 0.384
infrastructure
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The results of table 5 indicates that the amounts of different elements (f) such as ‘Organizational Culture’,
‘Organizational Structure’ and ‘information technology infrastructure’ is less than 0.05 which is not significant;
therefore, from the above dimensions, there is no significant difference between the viewpoints of faculty members
of various departments.
The fifth minor question: Is there any significant difference between the faculty members’ viewpoints of Islamic
Azad University of Neyshabur in various scientific grades (professor, associate professor, assistant professor and
instructor)?
Variance analysis test (F-test) has been applied to answer this question, according to table 6.
The results of table 6 indicates that the amounts of different elements (f) such as ‘Organizational Culture’,
‘Organizational Structure’ and ‘information technology infrastructure’ is less than 0.05 which is not significant;
therefore, from the above dimensions, there is no significant difference between the viewpoints of faculty members
of various scientific grades.
Table 6. The comparison of average number of elements’ readiness of Islamic Azad University of Neyshabur from
the viewpoint of faculty members of different scientific grades
Associate Assistant
Professor Instructor
Elements’ professor professor Variance
Significance
statistical analysis
M S M S M S M S level (p)
indexes (f)
Mean Variance Mean Variance Mean Variance Mean Variance
Organizational
3.16 0.31 2.85 0.67 3.052 0.70 2.91 0.80 0.69 0.56
Culture
Organizational
3.58 1.11 2.76 0.71 3.32 0.90 3.08 0.77 0.92 0.43
Structure
Information
technology 3.67 1.15 2.62 0.88 2.82 0.82 2.91 0.73 1.21 0.31
infrastructure
The main question: Is Islamic Azad University of Neyshabur ready to implement the knowledge management
system?
Table 7. T test premises of the main question of the research
Sample Hypothesized Observed
Element SD SE T-value P-value
size mean mean
Knowledge
51 3 3.01 0.65 0.075 3.219 0.008
management
Table 7 indicates that the t-value (3.21) is significant in 99% confidence interval. The observed mean is 3.01 showing
that the Knowledge management is significantly optimal. We can conclude that the implementation of knowledge
management is relatively optimal in Islamic Azad University of Neyshabur. So, the level of readiness for the
implementation of knowledge management is at an average level.
Freidman also applied to rank the fundamental infrastructures of knowledge management system in Islamic Azad
University of Neyshabur and its results can be seen in table 8. As it is indicated in table 8, there is a significant
difference between the indices since p-value or is less than 0.05, so the differences are not accidental. The most
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important and effective index is “organizational culture” and the least one is “information technology infrastructure”.
Table 8. Ranking the elements on the basis of Freidman test
Freidman Test Element The average of ranks
No. 51 Organizational culture 2.21
Chi square 7.869 Organizational Structure 1.99
Degree of freedom 2 Information technology infrastructure 1.80
P-value 0.02
7. Results
Considering the importance of knowledge as the pivotal competitive advantage of modern organizations, the
implementation of knowledge management system is of great importance and necessary for all organizational
managers. Nowadays, the organizations wish to define and execute an apposite knowledge management system. The
universities and institutes of higher education and research, as the knowledge-based institutes, should be irrevocably
the pioneering organizations which design and execute knowledge management system, and such a system cannot be
employed unless we investigate and appraise the significant elements of knowledge management and execute it on
the basis of the effective factors in different stages of designing and implementing knowledge management system.
The present study assesses the key factors of knowledge management at Islamic Azad University of Neyshabur.
Regarding the accomplished researches in the field of knowledge management, “organizational culture” is the most
principal challenge which knowledge management system faces. Culture is the most challenging element which
affects knowledge management in the universities too. The findings of this research indicate that “organizational
culture” is the most considerable infrastructure of knowledge management. Additionally, the data analyses show that
this dimension is at average level of readiness in the university to implement knowledge management. The research
results apropos of the amount of readiness in the dimension of “organizational culture” to implement knowledge
management at Islamic Azad University of Neyshabur are analogous with the findings of the research which has
been done by Fathollahi et al (2010) While other studies, which have been cited at review of literature, have all
referred to this factor as a challenge and obstacle for gaining advantage from knowledge management. The examples
which can be adverted are as follows: Hoseyni (2007), Rowley (2000), Abdullah et al (2008) and Mohayidin et al
(2007).
In the second question of the research, another significant element to implement knowledge management which is
“Organizational Structure” has been investigated. The findings of the research indicate that this element is the second
important one after the element of “Organizational Culture” at Islamic Azad University of Neyshabur. The readiness
of this dimension for executing knowledge management system is also at the average level. While, at the review of
literature and in all other accomplished researches, this element was not in an appropriate status.
The last question of the research has been devoted to another noteworthy element in implementing knowledge
management which is “information technology infrastructure”. The statistical analysis shows that the element of
“information technology infrastructure” is at the average level of readiness to execute knowledge management. This
element is less important than the two other infrastructures of “Organizational Culture” and “Organizational
Structure” at Islamic Azad University of Neyshabur. Paying heed to other infrastructures, besides the information
technology infrastructure, is of considerable importance due to the fact that the only element of information
technology infrastructure cannot exclusively make success for the knowledge management system. It is probable for
the knowledge management system to end in failure in spite of possession of a proper information technology
infrastructure, just because of inappropriate culture to share knowledge or limiting rules and structures to improve
and disseminate knowledge or even inability of people to encounter and use the equipment and facilities of
information technology and knowledge management system. The findings of this part of the research are related to
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the results obtained by Hoseyni (2007), Rowley (2000) and Abdullah et al (2008) which is an indication of suitable
information technology infrastructure to implement knowledge management system in the organizations in which
they had studied. The research, which has been done by Fathollahi et al. (2010) shows that information technology
infrastructure, is not in an acceptable status at Isfahan University to facilitate the processes of sharing knowledge.
8. Recommendations
Considering the studied significant infrastructures and owing to the fact that suggestions should be in accordance
with the findings of the research, the following suggestions has been proposed to achieve the suitable level of
readiness to implement knowledge management system. It is worthy of attention that the suggestions are the results
of a research project and we hope that they can be useful for the interested people, researchers, professors and
programmers at the universities especially Islamic Azad University as the biggest university of Islam world.
8.1 Institutionalization of culture
Organizational culture has been known as pivotal element in most of the researches which has been accomplished
apropos of knowledge management. A proper organizational culture can bring about ample individual and
organizational opportunities. The universities’ presidents should make a culture of sharing knowledge and team
works to facilitate the implementation of knowledge management system.
8.2 Amelioration of the appraisal criteria of performances and optimization of salaries and rewards system
Regarding the great importance of knowledge, managers should consider this factor in their appraisal of the people’s
performance. The staffs of the organizations should be aware of the fact that their performance has to be in the
direction of improving the processes of engendering, transferring and applying knowledge. The universities must
amend their system of giving salary and rewarding to the staffs under a new knowledge-based system of assessment.
8.3 Paying heed to the information technology
Information technology is one of the significant infrastructural factors helping to the knowledge management success.
The universities’ presidents should provide the required programs to obviate the need of education with regard to
effective usage of information technology equipment and actuate the researchers to apply this technology in the
activities of sharing knowledge.
8.4 The universities’ presidents’ advocacy
It is approved by the experts that presidents’ advocacy of knowledge management is an important element of its
success. If they do not support, no activity can get started and even if it gets started, it will never prove a success.
The presidents’ support of knowledge management can be appeared in different forms such as: employing the
knowledge-based prospects, objectives and resolutions for the university, employments, holding training courses of
knowledge management and amending the system of giving salary and rewarding in the direction of knowledge
management system
8.5 The necessity of applying knowledge managers
Applying knowledge managers in the universities (it should be adverted that such an organizational position does not
exist in the university at the present time) is of considerable importance and facilitates and accelerates the process of
sharing knowledge. Knowledge manager should put emphasis on the collection and dissemination of knowledge in
an organized way. This knowledge can be retained and used through computers at the libraries.
8.6 Amending the organizational structure and diagram
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The university should simplify the organizational structure and diagram to facilitate the process of sharing
knowledge and communications. People should communicate with each other through the least number of
go-betweens and be able to gain advantage from their knowledge at a minimum time. In this direction, reviewing and
ameliorating the limiting rules and procedures are effective in improving people’s communications at the university,
sharing knowledge and discovering the knowledgeable people.
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