APNIC's Elly Tawhai gives an overview of APNIC and the work that it does in managing and distributing Internet number resources.

1. APNIC Regional Update
Elly Tawhai
Senior Internet Resource Analyst/Liaison Officer, Pacific,
APNIC
PacINET 2014 25 September 2014

2. Introduction to
APNIC
2

3. What is APNIC?
• Regional Internet Registry (RIR) for the Asia
Pacific region
- One of five RIRs currently operating around the world
- Non-profit, membership organisation
• Industry self-regulatory body
- Open
- Consensus-based
- Transparent
• Meetings and mailing lists
– http://meetings.apnic.net
– http://www.apnic.net/mailing-lists
3

4. Where is the APNIC Region?
4

5. What is APNIC’s role?
• APNIC provides Internet resource services to the
Asia Pacific Region
– IPv4, IPv6, ASN
– Maintains the Whois database
– Provides reverse DNS delegation for the resources
allocated to the region
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6. What does APNIC do?
• Facilitate the policy development process
– Via mailing lists and meetings
• Implements policy changes
– When the community has discussed and agreed upon
them
• Information dissemination
• Training services
• Collaboration & Liaison
6

7. APNIC from a Global Perspective
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8. IP Addresses
8

9. What is an IP Address?
• An Internet Protocol (IP) address is a number
that identifies a device on a computer network
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10. What is an IP Address?
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193.0.0.131
196.216.2.1
202.12.29.20
192.149.252.7
200.160.2.15
116.68.148.101 202.12.29.142
192.0.0.214
206.131.253.68

11. What is an IP Address?
• An IP address is a number
• Every device directly connected to the Internet
needs a unique IP address
• There are two types of IP addresses
– IPv4 and IPv6
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12. Internet Number Registry Structure
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13. Who need IP Addresses?
• Service providers
– To be used in network infrastructure
– To be assigned to customers
• Independent networks
– To be used in their own networks
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14. Why get IP Addresses?
• Service providers
– One of the key components in service provision
• Independent networks
– Allows easier management of multiple
connection to ISPs/IXPs
– Removes the need to renumber when changing
providers
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15. How to get IP Addresses?
• Service providers and independent network
operators get their IP addresses from their Internet
Registry (National or Regional)
– Must meet current policy criteria
– Maximum /21 (2,048 addresses) of IPv4
– Initial /48 to /32 of IPv6
• Casual users get their IP addresses from their
service provider (ISP, hosting, data centre etc.)
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16. Ways Service Providers
or Independent networks
get IPv4 in AP region
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17. Ways to get IPv4 in the AP region
• Rationing APNIC’s ‘last block’ of IPv4
• IPv4 address transfer
• Recycling returned IPv4 address space
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18. Rationing the ‘last block’
• APNIC’s last remaining block is 103.0.0.0/8
– Equal to 16,777,216 addresses
• Each member can only get up to 1,024 addresses (/22)
• Allows new members to get a little bit of IPv4 before it
completely runs out
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19. IPv4 address transfer
• Transfer is allowed through:
– Merger & Acquisition
– Needs based market transfer
• Needs based market transfer
– The recipient (or buyer) must show evidence of need before a
transfer can be registered by APNIC
– Policy designed by the community to prevent hoarding
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20. IPv4 Transfers
Using listing service Pre-approval usage Statistics as at 31 August
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21. Recycling returned IPv4 address
space
• Address space returned to IANA will be re-distributed
equally to all 5 Regional Internet Registries
– prop-105: Distribution of returned IPv4 address
– implemented May 2014
• The re-distributed space received by APNIC is rationed like
the ‘last block’
– A member can only get up to 1,024 addresses (/22) from recycled
pool
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22. IPv4 Delegations
By pool By size By Member Statistics as at 31 August
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23. IPv4 sourcing strategy in AP
• If needing a large number of IPv4 addresses, consider
market transfer by following these steps:
1. Get pre-approval from APNIC
2. Find a source (seller or broker)
• Check apnic-transfer@apnic.net mailing list
3. Execute the transfer and register it at APNIC
• If needing just a small amount of IPv4 addresses for your
corporate customer, consider signing them up as an APNIC
member
– Get up to 1,024 addresses (/22) from last block
– And up to 1,024 addresses (/22) from recycled pool
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24. Referral application
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25. So why IPv6?
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26. Status of IPv4
• Internet Protocol (IP) addresses uniquely identify devices
on the Internet
• Currently, almost all devices connected to networks use
the IP version 4 (IPv4) address system
• IPv4 has more than 4 billion possible address
combinations, but these are being used up quickly
– APNIC reached its final /8 IPv4 block on 15 April 2011
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27. IPv6
• Internet Protocol version 6 (IPv6) was developed to ensure
the continued growth and innovation of the Internet
– IPv6 offers an extremely large (212^8) address space, as each
address is 128 bits long, rather than 32 bits
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28. IPv6 Delegations
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3,500
3,000
2,500
Cumulative
Delegations By delegation type By size By request type
In 2014
2,000
1,500
1,000
500
0
2004 2005 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010 2011 2012 2013 2014

29. Key business drivers for IPv6
• IPv6 enables the sustainable growth of the Internet
– This in itself is a major motivation to deploy IPv6
• IPv6 provides the possibility for new services and business
opportunities on large-scale IP installations:
– e.g., smartphones, smart grid initiatives, and cloud computing
– These have all driven an increase in demand for IP addresses
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30. Challenges of IPv6
• There are some challenges associated with IPv6
deployment
• A device connected via IPv4 cannot communicate directly
with a device connected via IPv6
– This poses a compatibility challenge; until all networks and devices
are IPv6 capable, we need to run both protocols simultaneously
• What IPv6 Transition Technologies to employee?
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31. How can APNIC
help
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32. APNIC Development services
• Training
• Engineering Assistance
• Infrastructure projects
• Support for community development and engagement
(NOGs, fellowships and engagement with other AP Internet
organizations etc.)
• ISIF projects and awards
• Policy
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33. Responding to the needs of
community
• Training (about 3,000 trainees a year in 19 of 56
economies)
• Engineering assistance (2-3 projects)
• Fellowships (14 APNIC 38 fellows from 10 nations; 2 youth
fellows)
• Community development (8 NOGs supported in 2014)
• Project grants (ISIF projects highlighting the services and
impact of member networks)
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34. Training Type
• Workshops: 3 - 5 days
• Tutorials: 1 - 2 days
• E-learning: 1 - 2 hours
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35. Training Focus
1. IP and AS resources
2. Reverse DNS
3. Network security
4. Routing
5. IPv6
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36. Engineering Assistance (EA)
What?
• Independent advice and assistance from networking experts
• Network design and optimization, guidance on best current
practices, and deployment of operational technologies, IPv6, etc.
Why?
• To assist and support APNIC’s members in the design and
operation of their network infrastructure
Where?
• Within APNIC’s service region
How much?
• On a cost-recovery basis
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37. ISIF Asia Awards and Grants
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Supporting technical innovation
for socio-economic development
in the Asia Pacific
Awards Grants Economies
5 from 93
12 from 139
applications
applications
Cook Islands, Kiribati, New Zealand, Tuvalu, India,
Australia/Indonesia, Thailand, Malaysia, Micronesia,
Vietnam, Cambodia, Bangladesh, Philippines, Vanuatu

38. Other news
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39. APNIC Survey 2014
39
6.15
5.91
Assessment of APNIC performance in general
1 2 3 4 5 6 7
A5.1 Assessment on APNIC on
Quality of services
A5.2 Assessment on APNIC on
Value of services &
membership
Mean
Focus Groups held in 17
economies
1,039 Survey responses –
thank you!
Responses from 56
economies
Reports available:
www.apnic.net/survey

40. Survey + Focus Group Themes
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Value / Fees
Communications
Training
Transparency
Community
Engagement
Services

41. Improving Communication
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Our goal: Provide clear information
where you want to read it
New APNIC Blog – more relaxed
language, richer content,
community participation
‘Event wraps’ for clear reporting of
APNIC event activities
More active social media + APNIC
is now on Weibo!
Updated APNIC background videos
Website refresh – more to come!

42. You’re Invited!
42
APRICOT 2015: Fukuoka, Japan,
24 Feb-6 Mar 2015
2015.apricot.net

43. Thanks
Elly Tawhai
elly@apnic.net