Roof mounted photovoltaic panels (PV panels) are becoming increasingly popular, however, there are fire-related risks associated with these, many of which would relate to most electrical systems.

1. Risk. Reinsurance. Human Resources.
Aon Risk Services
Global Risk Consulting | Risk Control & Engineering
Risk Alert
Roof mounted photovoltaic
panels (solar panels)
The issue
Roof mounted photovoltaic panels (PV panels) are becoming
increasingly popular, however, there are fire-related risks associated
with these, many of which would relate to most electrical systems.
Some panels have components made of plastics which are likely
to be combustible. Electrical faults may result in arcing, which in
DC current situations can produce high temperatures. There is no
evidence to indicate PV panels are more prone to faults than any
other electrical system. BRE (Building Research Establishment)
Global report that in the last two years only eight fire incidents
involving PV panels have been reported in the UK. However, there
have been fires in PV panels reported in other countries.
There is a safety risk to fire-fighters as PV panels cannot be individually
isolated and generate current whenever exposed to light. The heat
from a roof fire will be contained by the PV panels, increasing the
intensity the fire, particularly if there are combustible elements to
the construction of the roof. The weight of the panels may also lead
to early collapse of the roof structure in a fire situation.
Key actions
For planned installations, it should be ensured that the PV panels
are installed to recognised standards, particularly BS7671:
Requirements for Electrical Installations; IEC61215; IEC61730 or
IEC61646 (The International Electro Technical Commission).
For smaller installations, ensure the installer is Microgeneration
Certification Scheme accredited. This scheme is primarily for
installers of smaller systems, up to 50kW DC output, equivalent
to a roof area of 375m2
.
There is a trade association - British Photovoltaic Association -
which installers may be members of, although this body does not
produce standards. At the present time there are no accreditation
schemes for large PV systems.
The installation of a PV system may be regarded by insurers as
a “material fact” which could affect the validity of property
insurance cover. If intending to install a roof-mounted PV system
Aon can help advise insurers appropriately.
Ensure the roof has been assessed to take the weight of the PV
installation, and snow loading should also be taken into account by
the installers. Lightning protection and surge protection should be
considered for PV systems. Clear labelling is particularly important
to identify isolators and warn of live parts.
Maintenance
It is important to follow the manufacturer’s/installer’s
recommendations. The PV installation should be tested as any
electrical wiring circuit in accordance with the IEE Wiring
Regulations. Additionally, thermographic imaging inspections
should be conducted annually.
The installation should also be inspected visually for damage,
corrosion or deterioration annually, or after high winds.
Build-up of debris, such as leaves, can increase the risk of fire,
and should be cleared frequently.
Site personnel should be trained in how the system works and
how to isolate it from the AC electrical system.
Full information on the PV system should be available for site
personnel and also provided to the local Fire & Rescue Service.
Site emergency plans should include relevant information
pertaining to the PV system.

2. Paul Lappage
Senior Consultant
Aon Risk Solutions
Global Risk Consulting
+44 (0)7703 316810
paul.lappage@aon.co.uk
Contact
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