Anti defection law
•Download as PPTX, PDF•
1 like•219 views
Anti Defection Law Tenth Schedule and Double Membership Explained in my Youtube channel (YM Notes). Subscribe for more videos.✌️
Report
Share
Report
Share
Recommended
Anti defection laws
This document provides an overview of anti-defection laws in India. It defines defection as a member abandoning loyalty to their political party. Large scale defections after the 1967 elections affected legislative functioning and led to the 52nd amendment adding the 10th schedule on anti-defection. This lays out grounds for disqualification of defecting members of political parties or independents. It discusses related court cases and loopholes regarding splits, mergers and the status of expelled members.
Anti defection law
This document outlines the qualifications, disqualifications, and conditions for vacating seats for members of parliament (MPs) in India. MPs must be Indian citizens over the age of 25 for the Lok Sabha or 30 for the Rajya Sabha. They can be disqualified for holding an office of profit, unsoundness of mind, being an undischarged insolvent, ceasing to be a citizen of India, or defecting by changing their political party affiliation. The presiding officers of each house, such as the Speaker of the Lok Sabha, decide on disqualification cases. Grounds for vacating a seat include resignation, extended absence, or taking up another office such as the presidency.
Anti defection law
- The Anti-Defection Law was inserted into the Indian Constitution in 1985 to prevent political defections. It disqualifies members of a legislature if they change parties or vote against their party's directives.
- It aims to reduce political instability caused by frequent party switching, maintain the balance between an elected member's vote and individual choice, and curb corrupt practices like cash-for-vote. However, it is criticized for restricting freedom of speech of members and showing partiality.
- Reforms proposed include treating resignation same as defection, strengthening internal party democracy, limiting the law's scope to crucial votes, and making the Speaker's role more neutral by involving the Election Commission in defection decisions. Overall,
Lokpal
- Lokpal is a proposed ombudsman organization in India to investigate corruption complaints against public servants. It was first proposed in 1968 but has faced many delays in being established.
- The current laws for dealing with corruption have deficiencies, as investigating authorities need prior government or court approval before investigating public servants.
- The key features of the original Lokpal bill included the ability to investigate the prime minister and other high-level officials, and having a quasi-judicial process to investigate and prosecute corruption cases within 2 years.
- There is ongoing debate around whether the prime minister and other high-level officials should fall under the Lokpal's purview or remain accountable only to Parliament.
Centre state relations
The document discusses Centre-State relations in India based on the Constitution. It outlines that legislative powers are divided between the Union and States based on territory and subject matter. There are three lists - the Union List of subjects Parliament can legislate on, the State List for state legislatures, and the Concurrent List where both can legislate. Residual powers belong to Parliament. Exceptions allow Parliament to legislate on State List topics in some cases. The lists are interpreted broadly and harmoniously to avoid conflicts between legislative jurisdictions.
Administrative relation between centre and state art l lb c
The document outlines the administrative relationship between the central and state governments in India. Key points include:
- The constitution allocates administrative responsibilities to achieve coordination between the center and states and settle disputes.
- The executive powers of the center and states are delineated based on the union, state and concurrent lists.
- Mechanisms for center-state coordination include the center giving directions to states, delegation of union functions, all-India services, grants-in-aid and statutory bodies.
- Disputes relating to water are adjudicated by tribunals per relevant laws.
Amendment procedure
The document discusses the amendment process of the Constitution of India as outlined in Article 368. It provides that amendments can be initiated by introduction of a bill in either house of Parliament. The bill must be passed by a special majority in each house and receive presidential assent. Some provisions also require ratification by half the state legislatures. The Supreme Court has ruled that amendments cannot alter the basic structure of the constitution. The document outlines the different classes of amendments and criticisms of the current process. It examines the scope of amendability and summarizes some major constitutional amendments that have been passed.
Transferrable and non transferrable property
Certain types of property cannot be legally transferred under Indian law. This includes property whose transfer is restricted by other laws, such as Hindu law, Muslim law, or the Code of Civil Procedure. Specific non-transferable types of property include speculative succession, mere rights of re-entry, easements apart from dominant heritage, restricted interests, rights to future maintenance, mere rights to sue, public offices and salaries, pensions and stipends, transfers opposed to the nature of the interest, and untransferable rights of occupancy such as those belonging to tenants.
Recommended
Anti defection laws
This document provides an overview of anti-defection laws in India. It defines defection as a member abandoning loyalty to their political party. Large scale defections after the 1967 elections affected legislative functioning and led to the 52nd amendment adding the 10th schedule on anti-defection. This lays out grounds for disqualification of defecting members of political parties or independents. It discusses related court cases and loopholes regarding splits, mergers and the status of expelled members.
Anti defection law
This document outlines the qualifications, disqualifications, and conditions for vacating seats for members of parliament (MPs) in India. MPs must be Indian citizens over the age of 25 for the Lok Sabha or 30 for the Rajya Sabha. They can be disqualified for holding an office of profit, unsoundness of mind, being an undischarged insolvent, ceasing to be a citizen of India, or defecting by changing their political party affiliation. The presiding officers of each house, such as the Speaker of the Lok Sabha, decide on disqualification cases. Grounds for vacating a seat include resignation, extended absence, or taking up another office such as the presidency.
Anti defection law
- The Anti-Defection Law was inserted into the Indian Constitution in 1985 to prevent political defections. It disqualifies members of a legislature if they change parties or vote against their party's directives.
- It aims to reduce political instability caused by frequent party switching, maintain the balance between an elected member's vote and individual choice, and curb corrupt practices like cash-for-vote. However, it is criticized for restricting freedom of speech of members and showing partiality.
- Reforms proposed include treating resignation same as defection, strengthening internal party democracy, limiting the law's scope to crucial votes, and making the Speaker's role more neutral by involving the Election Commission in defection decisions. Overall,
Lokpal
- Lokpal is a proposed ombudsman organization in India to investigate corruption complaints against public servants. It was first proposed in 1968 but has faced many delays in being established.
- The current laws for dealing with corruption have deficiencies, as investigating authorities need prior government or court approval before investigating public servants.
- The key features of the original Lokpal bill included the ability to investigate the prime minister and other high-level officials, and having a quasi-judicial process to investigate and prosecute corruption cases within 2 years.
- There is ongoing debate around whether the prime minister and other high-level officials should fall under the Lokpal's purview or remain accountable only to Parliament.
Centre state relations
The document discusses Centre-State relations in India based on the Constitution. It outlines that legislative powers are divided between the Union and States based on territory and subject matter. There are three lists - the Union List of subjects Parliament can legislate on, the State List for state legislatures, and the Concurrent List where both can legislate. Residual powers belong to Parliament. Exceptions allow Parliament to legislate on State List topics in some cases. The lists are interpreted broadly and harmoniously to avoid conflicts between legislative jurisdictions.
Administrative relation between centre and state art l lb c
The document outlines the administrative relationship between the central and state governments in India. Key points include:
- The constitution allocates administrative responsibilities to achieve coordination between the center and states and settle disputes.
- The executive powers of the center and states are delineated based on the union, state and concurrent lists.
- Mechanisms for center-state coordination include the center giving directions to states, delegation of union functions, all-India services, grants-in-aid and statutory bodies.
- Disputes relating to water are adjudicated by tribunals per relevant laws.
Amendment procedure
The document discusses the amendment process of the Constitution of India as outlined in Article 368. It provides that amendments can be initiated by introduction of a bill in either house of Parliament. The bill must be passed by a special majority in each house and receive presidential assent. Some provisions also require ratification by half the state legislatures. The Supreme Court has ruled that amendments cannot alter the basic structure of the constitution. The document outlines the different classes of amendments and criticisms of the current process. It examines the scope of amendability and summarizes some major constitutional amendments that have been passed.
Transferrable and non transferrable property
Certain types of property cannot be legally transferred under Indian law. This includes property whose transfer is restricted by other laws, such as Hindu law, Muslim law, or the Code of Civil Procedure. Specific non-transferable types of property include speculative succession, mere rights of re-entry, easements apart from dominant heritage, restricted interests, rights to future maintenance, mere rights to sue, public offices and salaries, pensions and stipends, transfers opposed to the nature of the interest, and untransferable rights of occupancy such as those belonging to tenants.
About Election Commission of India.ppt
The Election Commission of India is an independent constitutional body established by the Constitution. It administers election processes, enforces electoral laws and educates voters. The Commission consists of a Chief Election Commissioner and two Election Commissioners. It oversees all national, state, and local elections in India through a large network of civil servants. The Commission aims to ensure free and fair elections through transparent processes and an equitable application of electoral laws.
Panchayati raj system article (243 A -243 o) 73th amendment act 1992
The document summarizes the key provisions of the 73rd Constitutional Amendment Act related to the Panchayati Raj system of local governance in India. It outlines the three-tier structure of Gram Panchayat, Block/Intermediate Panchayat, and Zilla/District Panchayat. It describes the articles 243A-243O which mandate reservation of seats for women and socially disadvantaged groups, disqualification criteria for members, powers and responsibilities of Panchayats, conduct of elections, and restrictions on judicial interference in electoral matters. The Act aims to give constitutional status to Panchayati Raj as recommended in the Constitution to decentralize governance and development.
Administrative relationship between centre and state
Administrative relations between center and state from Article 256-263 during general ties, and from Article 352-360 during emergency and other provisions reflecting center state relations and predominance of Union government in India.
Article 13
The document discusses constitutional law and Article 13 of the Indian Constitution regarding the enforcement of laws relating to fundamental rights. It explains that pre-constitutional laws were initially valid but could become void if violating constitutional provisions. It describes the doctrine of judicial review under Article 13 and discusses key concepts like the doctrine of severability, doctrine of eclipse, doctrine of parens patriae, and doctrine of waiver. It also summarizes several important Supreme Court cases related to Article 13 and the constitutional amendment power.
Parliamentary privilege in india
This document discusses parliamentary privilege in India. It provides addresses for Altacit Global offices in Chennai, Bangalore, and Coimbatore. It then discusses that parliamentary privilege refers to the rights and immunities enjoyed by parliament and its members to discharge their functions. This includes freedom of speech in parliament and immunity from legal proceedings for views expressed. It outlines some relevant legal statutes and constitutional provisions regarding parliamentary privilege in India.
Application and relevance of rule against perpetuity
The document discusses the rule against perpetuity under Section 14 of the Transfer of Property Act 1882 in India. It defines perpetuity as an indefinite period and explains that the rule prohibits the creation of future remote property interests that may vest after the lifetime of the last preceding interest holder or beyond the minority of the ultimate beneficiary. The objective of the rule is to prevent property from being tied up indefinitely and ensure the free and active circulation of property for trade, commerce, and societal benefit. The document outlines exceptions to the rule such as transfers for public benefit, covenants of redemption, personal agreements, pre-emption, perpetual leases, and mortgages. It concludes that the rule against perpetuity aims to prevent
Hindi minority & guardianship
THIS ACT IS IN SUPPLEMENT GUARDIANSHIP AND WARD ACT. THOUGH PERSONAL LAW BUT SHOULD BE READ ALONGWITH GUARDIANSHIP AND WARDS ACT.
7118910 interpretation-of-statutes
This document provides an overview and summary of key principles for interpreting statutes. It begins with an introduction to statutory interpretation and discusses literal and logical interpretation approaches. It then covers various internal aids to interpretation like context, title, preamble, headings, and definitions. Exceptions to literal interpretation like ambiguity and absurdity are also noted. The document aims to enable law students' understanding of interpreting statutes.
Centre State Relations
This document discusses center-state relations in India based on the country's federal system. It covers three key areas: legislative relations, administrative relations, and financial relations between the central and state governments as outlined in the Indian constitution. For legislative relations, it describes the division of lawmaking powers between the union/central parliament and state legislatures. For administrative relations, it discusses techniques of central control over states and mechanisms for inter-state coordination. For financial relations, it outlines the allocation of tax revenues and financial resources between the center and states.
Position of Karta in JHF
The Karta is the manager and head of a Hindu undivided family (HUF). The Karta can be male or female, and has the power to make decisions regarding the family business, properties, finances, and legal matters. The Karta is responsible for the general welfare of the family and managing the family's interests. A daughter can now become the Karta if she is the eldest member of the family, based on a recent court ruling establishing gender equality in Hindu succession rights and family management.
Governor
The governor is the nominal executive head of the state, while the chief minister and council of ministers are the real executive. The governor is appointed by the president and holds office at the president's pleasure. The governor has executive, legislative, financial, and emergency powers but acts on the advice of the council of ministers in routine matters. The governor also has discretionary powers in certain areas like ordinance making and has special responsibilities in some states. While constitutionally the head of the state, the governor in practice acts as an agent of the central government.
Employer liability for compensation
This document summarizes key sections of the Employees' Compensation Act pertaining to employer liability for work-related injuries and diseases. Section 3(1) outlines the four conditions for employer liability, including that an injury is caused to a workman in the course of employment and results in death, total or partial disability for over 3 days. Section 3(2) deals with occupational diseases, dividing them into parts A, B, and C based on required period of employment. Section 3(2A) allows the commissioner to assign responsibility for compensation between multiple employers. Section 3(3) discusses government notification procedures for applying Schedule III. Section 3(4) limits liability to diseases directly resulting from work injuries. Section 3(5)
ELECTION LAW
According to Black election is the process of selecting a person to occupy a position or office, usually a public office .
Union Executive.pptx
The union executive of India comprises the President, Vice President, Prime Minister and Council of Ministers. The President is the head of state and exercises executive power, either directly or through subordinate officers. Though a ceremonial head, the President has significant powers including legislative functions like summoning parliament, judicial appointments, and emergency powers. However, after constitutional amendments, the President is bound by ministerial advice and has become a constitutional figurehead without discretionary powers.
Harmonius construction
The rule of harmonious construction provides that when two or more statutes or parts of a statute conflict, they should be interpreted in a way that harmonizes them and gives effect to both. The interpretation that avoids inconsistencies or repugnancy between provisions and makes the statute consistent as a whole should be adopted. If provisions cannot be completely reconciled, they must be interpreted to give effect to both as much as possible without reducing any provision to useless or dead letter. The rule aims to avoid head-on clashes and inconsistencies between different parts of a statute.
Theory of Basic Structure.pptx
The constitution of India is considered to be the ‘General Will’ of the people of India. It is a document of immense importance.
It is not only is the basic law of the land but the living organic by which the other laws are to be created as per the requirement of the nation.
The life of a nation is dynamic, living, and organic its political, social and economic conditions are always subject to change.
Therefore, a constitution drafted in one era and in a particular circumstance may be found to be inadequate in another era in a different context.
It becomes necessary therefore to have machinery or some process by which the constitution may be adopted from time to time as per the contemporary needs of the nation. Such changes may be brought by different ways including formal method of amendment contained in Article 368 of the constitution. Article 368 of the constitution does not prescribe any express limitation upon the parliament’s amending power.
Succession law
This document provides contact information for various offices of a law firm called Altacit located in Chennai, Bangalore, Coimbatore, Hyderabad, and Cochin. It then provides information on succession law in India, including an overview of the Indian Succession Act of 1925, testamentary versus intestate succession, applicability to communities, definitions of a will, essential features of a will, persons competent to make a will, the role and appointment of executors, execution of a will including the probate process, and related topics.
Principles of constitutional interpretation of list prepared by Rajashree J J...
This document discusses principles of constitutional interpretation in India. It begins by explaining that constitutional interpretation should be dynamic, pragmatic and elastic rather than static, pedantic or rigid. It then outlines several key interpretation principles applied to the constitution, including harmonious construction, pith and substance, and colourable legislation. Harmonious construction means provisions should be interpreted together rather than in isolation. Pith and substance examines a law's true nature or essence. Colourable legislation prohibits indirect means of doing what is directly prohibited. The document also discusses occupied field, residuary power, repugnancy, and territorial nexus principles.
Delegated legislation
There are three main types of delegated legislation: bylaws made by local councils, statutory instruments made by government departments, and Orders in Council made by the Privy Council. Parliament delegates some of its lawmaking power through enabling acts because it does not have time or expertise to pass all necessary laws itself. Delegated legislation is subject to general supervision through the enabling act and requirement for consultation, publication, and parliamentary and court oversight through judicial review. It allows laws to be made more quickly and flexibly by experts but is also criticized as being undemocratic with reduced transparency and scrutiny compared to laws passed by Parliament.
tulk v moxhay
1) Tulk, the original owner of some houses, sold a piece of land to E with a covenant that the land would remain an ornamental garden with no buildings. 2) Over time, the land was sold multiple times until it was purchased by Moxhay, who had notice of the covenant but attempted to build on the land. 3) The court held that in equity, the covenant was binding on subsequent purchasers like Moxhay, and enforced the covenant by injunction, since Tulk had a legitimate interest and Moxhay had notice.
Floating farms
Floating farm agriculture allows the growth of vegetables and fruits on floating structures in waterlogged areas for long periods. The approach employs beds of rotting vegetation that act as compost and float on water's surface, creating areas suitable for agriculture. Scientifically, it is referred to as hydroponics. With features like aquaculture, hydroponics, and photovoltaics, floating farms can produce food 365 days a year regardless of water scarcity or natural disasters, ensuring food security and benefiting agriculture and economic growth through job creation.
Cryptocurrency
Cryptocurrency Advantages and Disadvantages explained in my Youtube channel (YM Notes) Subscribe to my Youtube channel for more videos.
More Related Content
What's hot
About Election Commission of India.ppt
The Election Commission of India is an independent constitutional body established by the Constitution. It administers election processes, enforces electoral laws and educates voters. The Commission consists of a Chief Election Commissioner and two Election Commissioners. It oversees all national, state, and local elections in India through a large network of civil servants. The Commission aims to ensure free and fair elections through transparent processes and an equitable application of electoral laws.
Panchayati raj system article (243 A -243 o) 73th amendment act 1992
The document summarizes the key provisions of the 73rd Constitutional Amendment Act related to the Panchayati Raj system of local governance in India. It outlines the three-tier structure of Gram Panchayat, Block/Intermediate Panchayat, and Zilla/District Panchayat. It describes the articles 243A-243O which mandate reservation of seats for women and socially disadvantaged groups, disqualification criteria for members, powers and responsibilities of Panchayats, conduct of elections, and restrictions on judicial interference in electoral matters. The Act aims to give constitutional status to Panchayati Raj as recommended in the Constitution to decentralize governance and development.
Administrative relationship between centre and state
Administrative relations between center and state from Article 256-263 during general ties, and from Article 352-360 during emergency and other provisions reflecting center state relations and predominance of Union government in India.
Article 13
The document discusses constitutional law and Article 13 of the Indian Constitution regarding the enforcement of laws relating to fundamental rights. It explains that pre-constitutional laws were initially valid but could become void if violating constitutional provisions. It describes the doctrine of judicial review under Article 13 and discusses key concepts like the doctrine of severability, doctrine of eclipse, doctrine of parens patriae, and doctrine of waiver. It also summarizes several important Supreme Court cases related to Article 13 and the constitutional amendment power.
Parliamentary privilege in india
This document discusses parliamentary privilege in India. It provides addresses for Altacit Global offices in Chennai, Bangalore, and Coimbatore. It then discusses that parliamentary privilege refers to the rights and immunities enjoyed by parliament and its members to discharge their functions. This includes freedom of speech in parliament and immunity from legal proceedings for views expressed. It outlines some relevant legal statutes and constitutional provisions regarding parliamentary privilege in India.
Application and relevance of rule against perpetuity
The document discusses the rule against perpetuity under Section 14 of the Transfer of Property Act 1882 in India. It defines perpetuity as an indefinite period and explains that the rule prohibits the creation of future remote property interests that may vest after the lifetime of the last preceding interest holder or beyond the minority of the ultimate beneficiary. The objective of the rule is to prevent property from being tied up indefinitely and ensure the free and active circulation of property for trade, commerce, and societal benefit. The document outlines exceptions to the rule such as transfers for public benefit, covenants of redemption, personal agreements, pre-emption, perpetual leases, and mortgages. It concludes that the rule against perpetuity aims to prevent
Hindi minority & guardianship
THIS ACT IS IN SUPPLEMENT GUARDIANSHIP AND WARD ACT. THOUGH PERSONAL LAW BUT SHOULD BE READ ALONGWITH GUARDIANSHIP AND WARDS ACT.
7118910 interpretation-of-statutes
This document provides an overview and summary of key principles for interpreting statutes. It begins with an introduction to statutory interpretation and discusses literal and logical interpretation approaches. It then covers various internal aids to interpretation like context, title, preamble, headings, and definitions. Exceptions to literal interpretation like ambiguity and absurdity are also noted. The document aims to enable law students' understanding of interpreting statutes.
Centre State Relations
This document discusses center-state relations in India based on the country's federal system. It covers three key areas: legislative relations, administrative relations, and financial relations between the central and state governments as outlined in the Indian constitution. For legislative relations, it describes the division of lawmaking powers between the union/central parliament and state legislatures. For administrative relations, it discusses techniques of central control over states and mechanisms for inter-state coordination. For financial relations, it outlines the allocation of tax revenues and financial resources between the center and states.
Position of Karta in JHF
The Karta is the manager and head of a Hindu undivided family (HUF). The Karta can be male or female, and has the power to make decisions regarding the family business, properties, finances, and legal matters. The Karta is responsible for the general welfare of the family and managing the family's interests. A daughter can now become the Karta if she is the eldest member of the family, based on a recent court ruling establishing gender equality in Hindu succession rights and family management.
Governor
The governor is the nominal executive head of the state, while the chief minister and council of ministers are the real executive. The governor is appointed by the president and holds office at the president's pleasure. The governor has executive, legislative, financial, and emergency powers but acts on the advice of the council of ministers in routine matters. The governor also has discretionary powers in certain areas like ordinance making and has special responsibilities in some states. While constitutionally the head of the state, the governor in practice acts as an agent of the central government.
Employer liability for compensation
This document summarizes key sections of the Employees' Compensation Act pertaining to employer liability for work-related injuries and diseases. Section 3(1) outlines the four conditions for employer liability, including that an injury is caused to a workman in the course of employment and results in death, total or partial disability for over 3 days. Section 3(2) deals with occupational diseases, dividing them into parts A, B, and C based on required period of employment. Section 3(2A) allows the commissioner to assign responsibility for compensation between multiple employers. Section 3(3) discusses government notification procedures for applying Schedule III. Section 3(4) limits liability to diseases directly resulting from work injuries. Section 3(5)
ELECTION LAW
According to Black election is the process of selecting a person to occupy a position or office, usually a public office .
Union Executive.pptx
The union executive of India comprises the President, Vice President, Prime Minister and Council of Ministers. The President is the head of state and exercises executive power, either directly or through subordinate officers. Though a ceremonial head, the President has significant powers including legislative functions like summoning parliament, judicial appointments, and emergency powers. However, after constitutional amendments, the President is bound by ministerial advice and has become a constitutional figurehead without discretionary powers.
Harmonius construction
The rule of harmonious construction provides that when two or more statutes or parts of a statute conflict, they should be interpreted in a way that harmonizes them and gives effect to both. The interpretation that avoids inconsistencies or repugnancy between provisions and makes the statute consistent as a whole should be adopted. If provisions cannot be completely reconciled, they must be interpreted to give effect to both as much as possible without reducing any provision to useless or dead letter. The rule aims to avoid head-on clashes and inconsistencies between different parts of a statute.
Theory of Basic Structure.pptx
The constitution of India is considered to be the ‘General Will’ of the people of India. It is a document of immense importance.
It is not only is the basic law of the land but the living organic by which the other laws are to be created as per the requirement of the nation.
The life of a nation is dynamic, living, and organic its political, social and economic conditions are always subject to change.
Therefore, a constitution drafted in one era and in a particular circumstance may be found to be inadequate in another era in a different context.
It becomes necessary therefore to have machinery or some process by which the constitution may be adopted from time to time as per the contemporary needs of the nation. Such changes may be brought by different ways including formal method of amendment contained in Article 368 of the constitution. Article 368 of the constitution does not prescribe any express limitation upon the parliament’s amending power.
Succession law
This document provides contact information for various offices of a law firm called Altacit located in Chennai, Bangalore, Coimbatore, Hyderabad, and Cochin. It then provides information on succession law in India, including an overview of the Indian Succession Act of 1925, testamentary versus intestate succession, applicability to communities, definitions of a will, essential features of a will, persons competent to make a will, the role and appointment of executors, execution of a will including the probate process, and related topics.
Principles of constitutional interpretation of list prepared by Rajashree J J...
This document discusses principles of constitutional interpretation in India. It begins by explaining that constitutional interpretation should be dynamic, pragmatic and elastic rather than static, pedantic or rigid. It then outlines several key interpretation principles applied to the constitution, including harmonious construction, pith and substance, and colourable legislation. Harmonious construction means provisions should be interpreted together rather than in isolation. Pith and substance examines a law's true nature or essence. Colourable legislation prohibits indirect means of doing what is directly prohibited. The document also discusses occupied field, residuary power, repugnancy, and territorial nexus principles.
Delegated legislation
There are three main types of delegated legislation: bylaws made by local councils, statutory instruments made by government departments, and Orders in Council made by the Privy Council. Parliament delegates some of its lawmaking power through enabling acts because it does not have time or expertise to pass all necessary laws itself. Delegated legislation is subject to general supervision through the enabling act and requirement for consultation, publication, and parliamentary and court oversight through judicial review. It allows laws to be made more quickly and flexibly by experts but is also criticized as being undemocratic with reduced transparency and scrutiny compared to laws passed by Parliament.
tulk v moxhay
1) Tulk, the original owner of some houses, sold a piece of land to E with a covenant that the land would remain an ornamental garden with no buildings. 2) Over time, the land was sold multiple times until it was purchased by Moxhay, who had notice of the covenant but attempted to build on the land. 3) The court held that in equity, the covenant was binding on subsequent purchasers like Moxhay, and enforced the covenant by injunction, since Tulk had a legitimate interest and Moxhay had notice.
What's hot (20)
Panchayati raj system article (243 A -243 o) 73th amendment act 1992
Panchayati raj system article (243 A -243 o) 73th amendment act 1992
Administrative relationship between centre and state
Administrative relationship between centre and state
Application and relevance of rule against perpetuity
Application and relevance of rule against perpetuity
Principles of constitutional interpretation of list prepared by Rajashree J J...
Principles of constitutional interpretation of list prepared by Rajashree J J...
More from YuvarajManimaran1
Floating farms
Floating farm agriculture allows the growth of vegetables and fruits on floating structures in waterlogged areas for long periods. The approach employs beds of rotting vegetation that act as compost and float on water's surface, creating areas suitable for agriculture. Scientifically, it is referred to as hydroponics. With features like aquaculture, hydroponics, and photovoltaics, floating farms can produce food 365 days a year regardless of water scarcity or natural disasters, ensuring food security and benefiting agriculture and economic growth through job creation.
Cryptocurrency
Cryptocurrency Advantages and Disadvantages explained in my Youtube channel (YM Notes) Subscribe to my Youtube channel for more videos.
Ind jud part 4 types of writs
Writ petition and it's types Explaination is out on my Youtube channel (YM Notes) Subscribe to my Youtube channel for more videos
Indian judiciary 3 sc jurisdiction
Indian Judiciary System part-3 , SC JURISDICTIONs Explained in my Youtube channel (YM Notes) Subscribe to my Youtube channel.
Indian judiciary 2 Supreme Court
Indian Supreme Court Explaination video uploaded in my Youtube channel (YM Notes). subscribe for more.
Indian judiciary into
The Indian judiciary has a pyramidal structure with three levels. The Supreme Court sits at the top and has ultimate authority over all other courts. Below the Supreme Court are the High Courts, which hear appeals from lower courts and can issue writs. At the lowest level are the District and Subordinate Courts, which handle civil and criminal cases arising in their local jurisdiction. The judiciary is independent of the other branches of government and plays an important role in interpreting laws, settling disputes, and safeguarding constitutional rights and democracy in India.
Indian parliament
The document summarizes key aspects of the Indian Parliament, which consists of the President and two houses - the Rajya Sabha (Upper House) and Lok Sabha (Lower House). The Rajya Sabha has a maximum of 250 members elected by state assemblies for 6-year terms with one-third retiring every 2 years. The Lok Sabha has a maximum of 550 members elected directly by the people for 5-year terms. Both houses oversee the introduction, committee review, and voting of bills, which then go to the President to become law if signed.
Government bodies of India
Indian Government Bodies, Constitutional, Statutory, Quasi-Judicial Bodies Explained in tamil in my Youtube channel (YM Notes).
Women empowerment
The document discusses women empowerment schemes and acts in India. It outlines 5 types of empowerment - social, educational, economic, political, and psychological. It also discusses 3 L's of women empowerment - learning, labour, and leadership. The document further details major government schemes for women empowerment such as Beti Bachao Beti Padhao, Working Women Hostel, and NIRBHAYA. It lists women-specific acts and laws passed by the government. In closing, it provides 3 examples of women empowerment in India including Kalpana Chawla, Indira Gandhi, and Mary Kom.
Posco act
The document discusses the Protection of Children from Sexual Offences (POCSO) Act in India. It provides key details about the act such as its enforcement date, the ministry responsible, and the need to protect India's large child population. It also outlines various sections of the Indian Penal Code that relate to child sexual abuse and were improved under the POCSO Act. The document concludes by discussing child abuse statistics in India, highlighting a particular case study, and providing helpline information for children who face abuse.
Paris agreement cop21
The Paris Agreement is an international agreement within the UN Framework Convention on Climate Change to address climate change mitigation, adaptation and finance. It was adopted in Paris in December 2015 with the goal of limiting global warming to well below 2°C. Key points:
- Countries submit Nationally Determined Contributions (NDCs) outlining domestic climate actions every 5 years, which are not legally binding.
- Developed countries committed to mobilizing $100 billion per year in climate finance.
- India aims to increase renewable energy capacity and reduce emissions and fossil fuel dependence through policies like the National Solar Mission.
- The agreement establishes a global action plan for reducing greenhouse gas emissions and tracking progress every 5 years
Wed 2021
World Environment Day ppt in govt exam perspective.
Detail Explained video in my Youtube channel (YM Notes)
https://youtu.be/gNHMD0XoC2E
More from YuvarajManimaran1 (12)
Recently uploaded
Main Java[All of the Base Concepts}.docx
This is part 1 of my Java Learning Journey. This Contains Custom methods, classes, constructors, packages, multithreading , try- catch block, finally block and more.
DRUGS AND ITS classification slide share
Any substance (other than food) that is used to prevent, diagnose, treat, or relieve symptoms of a
disease or abnormal condition
Community pharmacy- Social and preventive pharmacy UNIT 5
Covered community pharmacy topic of the subject Social and preventive pharmacy for Diploma and Bachelor of pharmacy
Your Skill Boost Masterclass: Strategies for Effective Upskilling
Your Skill Boost Masterclass: Strategies for Effective UpskillingExcellence Foundation for South Sudan
Strategies for Effective Upskilling is a presentation by Chinwendu Peace in a Your Skill Boost Masterclass organisation by the Excellence Foundation for South Sudan on 08th and 09th June 2024 from 1 PM to 3 PM on each day.Azure Interview Questions and Answers PDF By ScholarHat
Azure Interview Questions and Answers PDF By ScholarHat
বাংলাদেশ অর্থনৈতিক সমীক্ষা (Economic Review) ২০২৪ UJS App.pdf
বাংলাদেশের অর্থনৈতিক সমীক্ষা ২০২৪ [Bangladesh Economic Review 2024 Bangla.pdf] কম্পিউটার , ট্যাব ও স্মার্ট ফোন ভার্সন সহ সম্পূর্ণ বাংলা ই-বুক বা pdf বই " সুচিপত্র ...বুকমার্ক মেনু 🔖 ও হাইপার লিংক মেনু 📝👆 যুক্ত ..
আমাদের সবার জন্য খুব খুব গুরুত্বপূর্ণ একটি বই ..বিসিএস, ব্যাংক, ইউনিভার্সিটি ভর্তি ও যে কোন প্রতিযোগিতা মূলক পরীক্ষার জন্য এর খুব ইম্পরট্যান্ট একটি বিষয় ...তাছাড়া বাংলাদেশের সাম্প্রতিক যে কোন ডাটা বা তথ্য এই বইতে পাবেন ...
তাই একজন নাগরিক হিসাবে এই তথ্য গুলো আপনার জানা প্রয়োজন ...।
বিসিএস ও ব্যাংক এর লিখিত পরীক্ষা ...+এছাড়া মাধ্যমিক ও উচ্চমাধ্যমিকের স্টুডেন্টদের জন্য অনেক কাজে আসবে ...
RPMS TEMPLATE FOR SCHOOL YEAR 2023-2024 FOR TEACHER 1 TO TEACHER 3
RPMS Template 2023-2024 by: Irene S. Rueco
BBR 2024 Summer Sessions Interview Training
Qualitative research interview training by Professor Katrina Pritchard and Dr Helen Williams
The simplified electron and muon model, Oscillating Spacetime: The Foundation...
Discover the Simplified Electron and Muon Model: A New Wave-Based Approach to Understanding Particles delves into a groundbreaking theory that presents electrons and muons as rotating soliton waves within oscillating spacetime. Geared towards students, researchers, and science buffs, this book breaks down complex ideas into simple explanations. It covers topics such as electron waves, temporal dynamics, and the implications of this model on particle physics. With clear illustrations and easy-to-follow explanations, readers will gain a new outlook on the universe's fundamental nature.
ANATOMY AND BIOMECHANICS OF HIP JOINT.pdf
it describes the bony anatomy including the femoral head , acetabulum, labrum . also discusses the capsule , ligaments . muscle that act on the hip joint and the range of motion are outlined. factors affecting hip joint stability and weight transmission through the joint are summarized.
How to Fix the Import Error in the Odoo 17
An import error occurs when a program fails to import a module or library, disrupting its execution. In languages like Python, this issue arises when the specified module cannot be found or accessed, hindering the program's functionality. Resolving import errors is crucial for maintaining smooth software operation and uninterrupted development processes.
Pengantar Penggunaan Flutter - Dart programming language1.pptx
Pengantar Penggunaan Flutter - Dart programming language1.pptx
Chapter 4 - Islamic Financial Institutions in Malaysia.pptx
Chapter 4 - Islamic Financial Institutions in Malaysia.pptxMohd Adib Abd Muin, Senior Lecturer at Universiti Utara Malaysia
This slide is special for master students (MIBS & MIFB) in UUM. Also useful for readers who are interested in the topic of contemporary Islamic banking.
The History of Stoke Newington Street Names
Presented at the Stoke Newington Literary Festival on 9th June 2024
www.StokeNewingtonHistory.com
Recently uploaded (20)
Community pharmacy- Social and preventive pharmacy UNIT 5
Community pharmacy- Social and preventive pharmacy UNIT 5
Your Skill Boost Masterclass: Strategies for Effective Upskilling
Your Skill Boost Masterclass: Strategies for Effective Upskilling
Azure Interview Questions and Answers PDF By ScholarHat
Azure Interview Questions and Answers PDF By ScholarHat
বাংলাদেশ অর্থনৈতিক সমীক্ষা (Economic Review) ২০২৪ UJS App.pdf
বাংলাদেশ অর্থনৈতিক সমীক্ষা (Economic Review) ২০২৪ UJS App.pdf
RPMS TEMPLATE FOR SCHOOL YEAR 2023-2024 FOR TEACHER 1 TO TEACHER 3
RPMS TEMPLATE FOR SCHOOL YEAR 2023-2024 FOR TEACHER 1 TO TEACHER 3
The simplified electron and muon model, Oscillating Spacetime: The Foundation...
The simplified electron and muon model, Oscillating Spacetime: The Foundation...
Pengantar Penggunaan Flutter - Dart programming language1.pptx
Pengantar Penggunaan Flutter - Dart programming language1.pptx
Film vocab for eal 3 students: Australia the movie
Film vocab for eal 3 students: Australia the movie
Chapter 4 - Islamic Financial Institutions in Malaysia.pptx
Chapter 4 - Islamic Financial Institutions in Malaysia.pptx
Anti defection law
- 2. TenthSchedule –AntiDefection Law Bill Introduction – 1985 Lok Sabha. 52nd Amendment Introduced by – (Former Prime Minister) Rajiv Gandhi Published – 24 Jan 1985 Strengthen – 95th Amendment Act , 2003
- 3. Authorities The speaker of Lok Sabha or chairman of Rajya Sabha can disqualify MP’s.
- 4. Reasons He resigns from membership of party on whose ticket he contested elections He votes or abstains from voting contrary to directions given by party Independently elected member joins any party Nominated member joins any party after expiry of 6 months of the period on which he joined.
- 5. Possibilities If a member goes out of his party as a result of a merger of the party with another party. A merger takes place when two-thirds of the members of the party have agreed to such merger If a member, after being elected as the presiding officer of the House,voluntarily gives up the Membership of his party or rejoins it after he ceases to hold that office. This exemption has been provided in view of the dignity and impartiality of this office
- 6. RulesAgainst Double Membership Double membership isn’t allowed If a person is elected to both houses must tell which house wants to serve otherwise seat in RS becomes vacant If a member of one house is elected to second house! Must decide in 14 days else parliament seat vacant
- 7. RulesAgainst Double Membership An MP can resign in writing anytime to the chairman of RS or speaker of LS depending on his membership Matters regarding election of disqualified persons to parliament are handled by the H.C A person is liable for a penalty of Rs.500 per day if he sits and votes in house proceeding without taking an oath
- 8. குறள்799: கெடுங்ொலைக்லெவிடுவார்கெண்லைஅடுங்ொலை உள்ளினும்உள்ளஞ்சுடும் கெடும்க ாது நம்லைக் லெவிட்டவரின் நட்ல நாம் சாகின்ற க ாது நிலைத்தாலும் நம் கநஞ்சம் சுடும். Of friends deserting us on ruin’s brink, ‘Tis torture e’en in life’s last hour to think.
- 9. THANKS FOR WATCHING SUBSCRIBE FOR MORE VIDEOS