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antenatal-care.ppt
1. Presentation on
TOPIC:- ANTENATAL CARE
Submitted To :-
Mrs. Snehlata Parashar
(lecturer OBG)
Submitted By :-
Abhishek Vaishnav
B.Sc. nursing 4th yr)
2.
3. DEFINITION of ANTENATAL
CARE
Systemic supervision (examination an advice ) of A
woman during pregnancy is called antenatal care / prenatal
care.
D.C.Dutta
Antenatal care refers to the care given to an expectant
mother from the time of conception until the beginning of
labor.
4. • To screen the high risk cases
• To prevent or detect or treat at the any earliest
complication
• To ensure continued medical surveillance and
prophylaxis
• To educate the mother about the physiology of
pregnancy and labour by demonstrations, charts and
diagrams so that fear is removed and psychology is
improved.
AIMS
5. AIMS (CONT’D)
• To discuss with the couple about the place,
time and mode of the delivery, provisionally and
care of the newborn
• To motivate the couple about the need of
family planning
• To advice the mother about breast-feeding,
post- natal care and immunization
6. To ensure a normal pregnancy with
delivery of a healthy baby from a
healthy mother
OBJECTIVES
7. Delivery of a single baby in
good condition at term with
no maternal complication
CRITERIA OF NORMAL PREGNANCY
8. THE FIRST VISIT Objectives :
• To assess the health status of the
mother and fetus to screen out the risk
pregnancy and formulate the plan
subsequent management.
•To obtain baseline information.
10. 1. Particulars of the patient
2. Chief complaints with duration
3. Past history
4. Obstetric history
5. Menstrual history
6. Family history
7. Personal history
8. Socio-economic history
HISTORY
TAKING
11. PARTICULARS OF THE PATIENT
1.Name
2.Age
3.Gravida and parity
4.Address
5.Date of first Examination
12. CHIEF COMPLAINTS WITH DURATION
1. Period of amenorrhea
2. Nausea & vomiting, vertigo
3. Increased frequency of micturition
4. Constipation
5. Heaviness of breast
6. Rise of temperature
7. Edema
8. Pain in the abdomen
9. Backache
10. Vaginal bleeding
14. OBSTETRICAL HISTORY
• Duration of marriage
• Gravida
• Para
• No. of living children
• Health status of the babies
• Previous obstetrical history-antenatal and
intra-natal
15. MENSTRUAL HISTORY
•Age of menarche
•Menstrual period
•Menstrual cycle
•LMP
•EDD calculation by naegele’s formula
21. • Appearance
• Vital signs
• Height of patient
• Weight of patient
• Anemia
• Jaundice
• Edema
• Neck
• Tongue ,teeth , gums
• Breast
• Abdomen
GENERAL EXAMINATION
22. • CBC
• Blood grouping & Rh typing
• Urine R/E
• RBS
• VDRL
• HBS Ag
• Maternal serum alpha protein
• Serological for rubella and hepatitis
• Ultrasound
INVESTIGATION
23. Generally-
•At interval of 4 weeks up to 28 weeks
•At interval of 2 weeks up to 36 weeks
•At weekly interval up to EDD
As per WHO recommendation at least 4 visit-
•1st visit around 16 weeks
•2nd visit between 24-28 weeks
•3rd visit at 32 weeks •4th visit at 36 weeks
SUBSEQUENT VISIT SCHEDULE
25. Shape of the uterus
Striae gravidarum
Linea Niagara
scar mark
Fetal movements
INSPECTION
26. • Assessment of fundal height
• Lie
• Abdominal girth
• Fundal grip
• Lateral grip
• Second pelvic grip/pawlick ‘s maneuver
• First pelvic grip/pelvic palpation
PALPATION
27. Checked by pinard
stethoscope or Doppler
Normal FHR is 120-160 b/m
Foetal tachycardia (>160 b/m)
Foetal bradycardia (<120 b/m)
AUSCULTATION
28. Principles:
1.To impress the patient about the importance of regular
check up
2.To maintain or improve the health status of the woman
to the optimum till delivery by judicious advice regarding
diet, drugs and hygiene
3.To improve and tone up the psychology and to remove
the fear of pregnancy by talking sympathetically to the
patient and explaining the principle changes and events
likely to occur during pregnancy
ANTENATAL ADVICE- PRINCIPLES
29.
30. • Diet
• Rest & sleep
• Bowel
• Personal cleanliness
• Clothing, shoes & belt
• Dental care
• Care of breast
• Coitus
• Travelling
• Smoking and alcohol
• Immunization
• Drug
ANTENATAL ADVICE
32. • 8 hour sleep at night
• At least 2 hour sleep after mid-day meal
• Hard strenuous work should be avoided
in first trimester and last 4 weeks
REST AND SLEEP
33. • Regular bowel movement may be
facilitated by regulation of diet, taking plenty
fluid, vegetable and milk
Coitus
Should be avoided in
•1st trimester
•last 6 weeks
BOWEL
34. • The woman should take bath daily but
be careful against slipping in bathroom
due to imbalance
BATHING
35. • Woman should wear loose comfortable
garments. High heel shoes should better be
avoided in advanced pregnancy when the
centre of balance alters.
CLOTHING ,SHOES, BELT
36. • The dentist should be consulted at the
earliest if necessary this will facilitate
extraction or filling of the caries tooth ,if
required comfortably in 2nd trimester the
best time for such procedure.
DENTAL CARE
37. • If the nipples are anatomically normal
nothing is to be done beyond ordinary
cleanliness. If the nipples are retracted
,correction is to be done in the later months
by manipulation.
CARE OF BREAST
38. Should be avoided in
•1st trimester
•last 6 weeks
Air travelling is contraindicated in
•Placenta praevia
•Preeclampsia
•Severe anemia
TRAVELLING
39. • Smoking and alcohol are injuries to health
during pregnancy.
• Heavy smokers have low birth weight babies
and abortion
• Alcohol during pregnancy leads to fetal
growth retardation
SMOKING AND ALCOHOLISM
