AnswerAcidithiobacillusExplanationMany greenhouse gases occu.pdf
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Answer: Acidithiobacillus Explanation: Many greenhouse gases occur naturally in the atmosphere, such as carbon dioxide, methane, water vapor, and nitrous oxide, while others are synthetic. Those that are man-made include the chlorofluorocarbons (CFCs), hydrofluorocarbons (HFCs) and Perfluorocarbons (PFCs), as well as sulfur hexafluoride (SF6) Solution Answer: Acidithiobacillus Explanation: Many greenhouse gases occur naturally in the atmosphere, such as carbon dioxide, methane, water vapor, and nitrous oxide, while others are synthetic. Those that are man-made include the chlorofluorocarbons (CFCs), hydrofluorocarbons (HFCs) and Perfluorocarbons (PFCs), as well as sulfur hexafluoride (SF6).
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b) advanced threat (advanced persistant threat ) is serious and cont.pdf
b) advanced threat (advanced persistant threat ) is serious and continous computer hacking
process which is often conducted by humans by targetting a specific goals or objectives by using
different multiple attack vectors like cyber threats by using internet they hack into users account
and they hack their information in social networking websites like facebook and twitter
etc.advanced threats follows its objectives for long period of time by hacking into the users
account and they maintain this interaction with the user untill they get their desired information
and the user does not have any knowledge about the hacker .
Adversed actions are the actions done by the threat agents which includes a hacker and group of
indviduals that exploits the useful information and a threat consists of threat agent and threat
means it is a possible danger that exploits its danger or harm or vulnerability and causes danger
in computer security and threat agents are the entities that they perform their adverse actions
inorder to exploit the useful information and hackers ,users, computer process ,
softwaredevelopment staff and accidental errors comes under threat agents and threat sources
and threat agents are same as their main objectives or targets is to exploit usefull informations
and in intentionally exploit the assets and the methods that accidentatly trigger harms.
Solution
b) advanced threat (advanced persistant threat ) is serious and continous computer hacking
process which is often conducted by humans by targetting a specific goals or objectives by using
different multiple attack vectors like cyber threats by using internet they hack into users account
and they hack their information in social networking websites like facebook and twitter
etc.advanced threats follows its objectives for long period of time by hacking into the users
account and they maintain this interaction with the user untill they get their desired information
and the user does not have any knowledge about the hacker .
Adversed actions are the actions done by the threat agents which includes a hacker and group of
indviduals that exploits the useful information and a threat consists of threat agent and threat
means it is a possible danger that exploits its danger or harm or vulnerability and causes danger
in computer security and threat agents are the entities that they perform their adverse actions
inorder to exploit the useful information and hackers ,users, computer process ,
softwaredevelopment staff and accidental errors comes under threat agents and threat sources
and threat agents are same as their main objectives or targets is to exploit usefull informations
and in intentionally exploit the assets and the methods that accidentatly trigger harms..
Book.java To change this license header, choose License Hea.pdf
Book.java:
/*
* To change this license header, choose License Headers in Project Properties.
* To change this template file, choose Tools | Templates
* and open the template in the editor.
*/
package chegg2;
/**
*
* @author MDR
*/
public class Book {
private static int booksCount,checkedIn;
private int classNumber;
private double bookNumber;
private String author;
private String title;
private boolean checked;
public Book()
{
this.classNumber=000;
this.bookNumber=000.000;
this.author=\"Doe, John\";
this.checked=true;
this.title=\"Book Title\";
booksCount++;
checkedIn++;
}
public Book(int cn,double bn,String au,String title,boolean checked)
{
this.classNumber=cn;
this.bookNumber=bn;
this.author=au;
this.title=title;
this.checked=checked;
booksCount++;
checkedIn++;
}
public void setClassNo(int cn)
{
this.classNumber=cn;
}
public void setBookNo(double bn)
{
this.bookNumber=bn;
}
public void setAuthor(String au)
{
this.author=au;
}
public void setTitle(String title)
{
this.title=title;
}
public void setChecked(boolean checked)
{
this.checked=checked;
if(checked==true)
checkedIn++;
else
checkedIn--;
}
public int getClassNo()
{
return this.classNumber;
}
public double getBookNo()
{
return this.bookNumber;
}
public String getAuthor()
{
return this.author;
}
public String getTitle()
{
return this.title;
}
public boolean getChecked( )
{
return this.checked;
}
public int getBooksCount()
{
return this.booksCount;
}
public int getCheckedCount()
{
return this.checkedIn;
}
}
MyLIbrary.java:
/*
* To change this license header, choose License Headers in Project Properties.
* To change this template file, choose Tools | Templates
* and open the template in the editor.
*/
package chegg2;
import java.io.*;
import java.util.Scanner;
import java.util.ArrayList;
public class MyLibrary {
public static void main(String []args)
{
int op=1;
ArrayList books=new ArrayList(0);
Scanner scan=new Scanner(System.in);
Book book;
while(op==1)
{
book=createBook();
books.add(book);
System.out.println(\"do you want create a Book press 1 otherwise press any key\");
op=scan.nextInt();
}
System.out.println(\"Books Count:\"+books.get(0).getBooksCount());
System.out.println(\"Books Checked in Count:\"+books.get(0).getCheckedCount());
for(int i=0;i=000.000 &&bookNumber<=999.999)
book=new Book(classNumber,bookNumber,author,title,checked);
else
book=new Book();
return book;
}
}
Output:
run:
please enter class number of book:
115
please enter book number:
115.225
please enter book author:
kiran
please enter book title:
ABC
do you want create a Book press 1 otherwise press any key
1
please enter class number of book:
225
please enter book number:
225.365
please enter book author:
taj
please enter book title:
DEF
do you want create a Book press 1 otherwise press any key
1
please enter class number of book:
556
please enter book number:
556.357
please enter book author:
SAGAR
please enter book title:
GHI
do you want create a Book press 1 otherwise press any key
1
please enter class number of.
Answere.none of the above (all are true statements)Applications.pdf
Answer:
e.none of the above (all are true statements)
Applicationsof DNA fingerprinting:
In criminal investigations, the DNA fingerprint of a suspect\'s blood or other body material is
compared to that of the evidence from the crime scene to see how closely they match. The
technique can also be used to establish paternity. Forensic dentistry plays an important role in
human identification in mass disasters, especially in fires, explosions, decomposing bodies or
skeletonized bodies, when there is little material remaining to perform visual identification.
Solution
Answer:
e.none of the above (all are true statements)
Applicationsof DNA fingerprinting:
In criminal investigations, the DNA fingerprint of a suspect\'s blood or other body material is
compared to that of the evidence from the crime scene to see how closely they match. The
technique can also be used to establish paternity. Forensic dentistry plays an important role in
human identification in mass disasters, especially in fires, explosions, decomposing bodies or
skeletonized bodies, when there is little material remaining to perform visual identification..
Answer1.To print the size of my home directory $HOME we usee.pdf
Answer:
1.
To print the size of my home directory $HOME we use:
echo “$(du –sm $HOME)mb”
2. For just path we use:
echo $PATH
To include the /sbin directory:
set PATH = ($PATH /usr/local/sbin)
echo $PATH
3. For creating alias for ls and color coding:
alias ls = “ls –l –-color \"
Solution
Answer:
1.
To print the size of my home directory $HOME we use:
echo “$(du –sm $HOME)mb”
2. For just path we use:
echo $PATH
To include the /sbin directory:
set PATH = ($PATH /usr/local/sbin)
echo $PATH
3. For creating alias for ls and color coding:
alias ls = “ls –l –-color \".
AnsTriploidy is a desirable trait in all angiosperms except orchi.pdf
Ans:
Triploidy is a desirable trait in all angiosperms except orchidaceae and Triploidy could be a
desirable trait in agricultural species where the economic part especially fruits. Triploid hybrids
have one of the most important traits, seedlessness, which is the characteristic for the fresh-fruit
market. Triploid embryos are found in small seeds that do not germinate. Triploid plants raised
from endosperm are generally sterile. Endosperm-raised triploid plants are of commercial value,
e.g. timber-yielding plants, edible fruit plants or ornamentals propagated vegetatively and
multiplied mainly through micropropagation.
Triploid plants often show vigorous vegetative growth and in some species produce excellent
seedless fruit. All cultivated bananas are triplods, and must be propagated vegetatively as they
bear no seed. Some sugar beet varieties are triploid and these tend to be higher yielding than
diploid varieties. In some species it is not desirable as they produce little or no seed, each
generation of a triploid variety has to be made afresh by the hybridization of a diploid and a
tetraploid parent.
Eg: Commercial use of triploid fruits can be found in watermelons and are produced artificially
by first developing tetraploids whicg are then crossed with diploid watermelon. In order to set
fruit, the triploid watermelon crossed with desirable diploid pollen donar.
It is an undesirable trait
In some species it is not desirable as they produce little or no seed (may be sterile because they
cannot form gametes with a balanced assortment of chromosomes), each generation of a triploid
variety has to be made afresh by the hybridization of a diploid and a tetraploid parent.
Eg: Diana\' (1963, USA) has large single, pure white petals with crimped edges. It is a triploid,
so produces little or no viable seed, and thus continues to flower over a long period. It was
followed in the 1980s by more triploid cultivars, in particular \'Aphrodite\'
polyploidy leads to significant reduction in the amount of genetic diversity in some species. As
genetically identical clones, a pest or disease that affects one individual is likely capable of
affecting each of its clones. Eg: vast majority of commercially produced bananas are cloned from
a single source, the Cavendish cultivar, and those plants are currently threatened worldwide by a
newly discovered fungal disease to which they are highly susceptible.
It is an undesirable trait in crop species where the economic part is seed Example : Orchidacea
The Phalaenopsis species bear a very brightly colored and patterned flowers were reintroduced
into cultivation. Many of these novelty species however produce inflorescences with only a very
few, tiny, starry-shaped flowers. These diploid species have been crossed with the modern
autopolyploid white types to improve their size, form, and floriferousness. In many instances,
these characteristics were improved but flower color was substantially diluted. In addition, many
.
a) Rotenone is an isoflavone used as insecticide and pesticide. It w.pdf
a) Rotenone is an isoflavone used as insecticide and pesticide. It works by interfering with
Electron transport chain in mitochondria. It inhibits the transfer of elctrons from Complex 1
toUbiquinone. It is mildly toxic to humans and other mammals. But highly toxic to fish and
insects because it is easily taken up through the gills or trachea but not through skin or
gastrointestinal tract. The inhibition of NADH dehydrogenase by Rotenone decreases the rate of
electron flow which inturn decreases the ATP production. If it does not meet ATP requirements
the organisms die.
b) Antimycin A binds to the Qi site of cytochrome reductase in the mitochondrial complex 3 and
inhibits the oxidation of Ubiquinol. It strongly inhibits the oxidation of reduced Q in the
respiratory chain severely limiting the rate of electron transfer and ATP production.
c) Rotenone inhibits electron flow through complex1 whereas Antimycin Ainhibits electron flow
through NAD linked complex 1 and also at complex 2 from succinate and fatty acyl coA through
FAD. So, Antimycin A is more potent poisonous.
Solution
a) Rotenone is an isoflavone used as insecticide and pesticide. It works by interfering with
Electron transport chain in mitochondria. It inhibits the transfer of elctrons from Complex 1
toUbiquinone. It is mildly toxic to humans and other mammals. But highly toxic to fish and
insects because it is easily taken up through the gills or trachea but not through skin or
gastrointestinal tract. The inhibition of NADH dehydrogenase by Rotenone decreases the rate of
electron flow which inturn decreases the ATP production. If it does not meet ATP requirements
the organisms die.
b) Antimycin A binds to the Qi site of cytochrome reductase in the mitochondrial complex 3 and
inhibits the oxidation of Ubiquinol. It strongly inhibits the oxidation of reduced Q in the
respiratory chain severely limiting the rate of electron transfer and ATP production.
c) Rotenone inhibits electron flow through complex1 whereas Antimycin Ainhibits electron flow
through NAD linked complex 1 and also at complex 2 from succinate and fatty acyl coA through
FAD. So, Antimycin A is more potent poisonous..
A pivot table is a table which is used to store the summary of a cer.pdf
A pivot table is a table which is used to store the summary of a certain data set in a condensed
manner. The table consists of rows, columns, data fields, and pages. These components can be
moved around and it helps the user to expand, isolate, sum, and group the particular data in real
time. This table enables the user to view the differences in a very big set of information. It is
very helpful in organizing a large amount of data in Microsoft Excel.
Easy to Use and data analysis
An important advantage of pivot tables is that it is easy to use. You can easily summarize data by
dragging the columns to different sections of the table. The columns can also be re-arranged as
you wish with the click of a mouse.With the help of excel pivot tables, you can handle large
quantities of data in one single go. These tables allow you to take a large amount of data and
work on it in such a way that you need to view only a few data fields. This helps in the easy
analysis of large amount of data.
Working of the Table and Find Data Patterns
A pivot table takes a user-specified data field and converts the header of each column into a data
option which can be easily manipulated by the user. Columns containing data can be removed
from, added to, or moved around the table quite easily. Here, user friendly and informative
summaries can be created from long spreadsheets of raw data. The data can be summarized in
various ways including frequencies and averages. Using the pivot table in excel has many
benefits which are described below. Excel pivot tables help you to create customized tables from
large data groups. Manipulating data in this manner will help to find recurring patterns in the
data, if any. This in turn will help in accurate data forecast.
Easy Summary of Data with Quick Report Creation
Another important benefit of pivot tables is that it helps to summarize data in a quick and easy
manner. The table helps in making a concise summary out of thousands of rows and columns of
unorganized data. With the help of these tables you can summarize large amounts of information
into a small space. The data can be summarized in a simple format which is easily
understandable. Users can arrange rows and columns of the data according to their needs and
they can label it and sort it in any way they want to.One of the important features of excel pivot
tables is that it helps to create reports in an efficient way. This saves you the long and strenuous
hours that you need to spend for creating reports manually. Apart from this, the table also helps
you provide links to external sources if any, in the report created.
Helps in Quick Decision Making
A pivot table can be considered to be a valuable Excel reporting tool as it allows users to easily
analyze the data and arrive at quick decisions. This serves as a huge advantage in the industrial
world, where it is crucial to make precise and quick decisions.
Conclusion: By considering the advantages that the pivot table have it .
26. DNA molecule contains deoxyribose and is double stranded.27. B.pdf
26. DNA molecule contains deoxyribose and is double stranded.
27. Base pairing in DNA are observed between A and T
28. The major goal of the human genome project is to determine the genome sequence of the
entire human genome.
29. Living material are observed under the light microscope using a wet mount.
30. To view the detailed structure of an organelle, the appropriate microscope would be electron
microscope.
31. The images from microscope can be viewed in all the following methods.
32. The cells which have nuclear material encased inside the nuclear envelope are called as
eukaryotes.
33. The inferior of the cell separated from the outside environment by cell membrane.
Solution
26. DNA molecule contains deoxyribose and is double stranded.
27. Base pairing in DNA are observed between A and T
28. The major goal of the human genome project is to determine the genome sequence of the
entire human genome.
29. Living material are observed under the light microscope using a wet mount.
30. To view the detailed structure of an organelle, the appropriate microscope would be electron
microscope.
31. The images from microscope can be viewed in all the following methods.
32. The cells which have nuclear material encased inside the nuclear envelope are called as
eukaryotes.
33. The inferior of the cell separated from the outside environment by cell membrane..
Recommended
b) advanced threat (advanced persistant threat ) is serious and cont.pdf
b) advanced threat (advanced persistant threat ) is serious and continous computer hacking
process which is often conducted by humans by targetting a specific goals or objectives by using
different multiple attack vectors like cyber threats by using internet they hack into users account
and they hack their information in social networking websites like facebook and twitter
etc.advanced threats follows its objectives for long period of time by hacking into the users
account and they maintain this interaction with the user untill they get their desired information
and the user does not have any knowledge about the hacker .
Adversed actions are the actions done by the threat agents which includes a hacker and group of
indviduals that exploits the useful information and a threat consists of threat agent and threat
means it is a possible danger that exploits its danger or harm or vulnerability and causes danger
in computer security and threat agents are the entities that they perform their adverse actions
inorder to exploit the useful information and hackers ,users, computer process ,
softwaredevelopment staff and accidental errors comes under threat agents and threat sources
and threat agents are same as their main objectives or targets is to exploit usefull informations
and in intentionally exploit the assets and the methods that accidentatly trigger harms.
Solution
b) advanced threat (advanced persistant threat ) is serious and continous computer hacking
process which is often conducted by humans by targetting a specific goals or objectives by using
different multiple attack vectors like cyber threats by using internet they hack into users account
and they hack their information in social networking websites like facebook and twitter
etc.advanced threats follows its objectives for long period of time by hacking into the users
account and they maintain this interaction with the user untill they get their desired information
and the user does not have any knowledge about the hacker .
Adversed actions are the actions done by the threat agents which includes a hacker and group of
indviduals that exploits the useful information and a threat consists of threat agent and threat
means it is a possible danger that exploits its danger or harm or vulnerability and causes danger
in computer security and threat agents are the entities that they perform their adverse actions
inorder to exploit the useful information and hackers ,users, computer process ,
softwaredevelopment staff and accidental errors comes under threat agents and threat sources
and threat agents are same as their main objectives or targets is to exploit usefull informations
and in intentionally exploit the assets and the methods that accidentatly trigger harms..
Book.java To change this license header, choose License Hea.pdf
Book.java:
/*
* To change this license header, choose License Headers in Project Properties.
* To change this template file, choose Tools | Templates
* and open the template in the editor.
*/
package chegg2;
/**
*
* @author MDR
*/
public class Book {
private static int booksCount,checkedIn;
private int classNumber;
private double bookNumber;
private String author;
private String title;
private boolean checked;
public Book()
{
this.classNumber=000;
this.bookNumber=000.000;
this.author=\"Doe, John\";
this.checked=true;
this.title=\"Book Title\";
booksCount++;
checkedIn++;
}
public Book(int cn,double bn,String au,String title,boolean checked)
{
this.classNumber=cn;
this.bookNumber=bn;
this.author=au;
this.title=title;
this.checked=checked;
booksCount++;
checkedIn++;
}
public void setClassNo(int cn)
{
this.classNumber=cn;
}
public void setBookNo(double bn)
{
this.bookNumber=bn;
}
public void setAuthor(String au)
{
this.author=au;
}
public void setTitle(String title)
{
this.title=title;
}
public void setChecked(boolean checked)
{
this.checked=checked;
if(checked==true)
checkedIn++;
else
checkedIn--;
}
public int getClassNo()
{
return this.classNumber;
}
public double getBookNo()
{
return this.bookNumber;
}
public String getAuthor()
{
return this.author;
}
public String getTitle()
{
return this.title;
}
public boolean getChecked( )
{
return this.checked;
}
public int getBooksCount()
{
return this.booksCount;
}
public int getCheckedCount()
{
return this.checkedIn;
}
}
MyLIbrary.java:
/*
* To change this license header, choose License Headers in Project Properties.
* To change this template file, choose Tools | Templates
* and open the template in the editor.
*/
package chegg2;
import java.io.*;
import java.util.Scanner;
import java.util.ArrayList;
public class MyLibrary {
public static void main(String []args)
{
int op=1;
ArrayList books=new ArrayList(0);
Scanner scan=new Scanner(System.in);
Book book;
while(op==1)
{
book=createBook();
books.add(book);
System.out.println(\"do you want create a Book press 1 otherwise press any key\");
op=scan.nextInt();
}
System.out.println(\"Books Count:\"+books.get(0).getBooksCount());
System.out.println(\"Books Checked in Count:\"+books.get(0).getCheckedCount());
for(int i=0;i=000.000 &&bookNumber<=999.999)
book=new Book(classNumber,bookNumber,author,title,checked);
else
book=new Book();
return book;
}
}
Output:
run:
please enter class number of book:
115
please enter book number:
115.225
please enter book author:
kiran
please enter book title:
ABC
do you want create a Book press 1 otherwise press any key
1
please enter class number of book:
225
please enter book number:
225.365
please enter book author:
taj
please enter book title:
DEF
do you want create a Book press 1 otherwise press any key
1
please enter class number of book:
556
please enter book number:
556.357
please enter book author:
SAGAR
please enter book title:
GHI
do you want create a Book press 1 otherwise press any key
1
please enter class number of.
Answere.none of the above (all are true statements)Applications.pdf
Answer:
e.none of the above (all are true statements)
Applicationsof DNA fingerprinting:
In criminal investigations, the DNA fingerprint of a suspect\'s blood or other body material is
compared to that of the evidence from the crime scene to see how closely they match. The
technique can also be used to establish paternity. Forensic dentistry plays an important role in
human identification in mass disasters, especially in fires, explosions, decomposing bodies or
skeletonized bodies, when there is little material remaining to perform visual identification.
Solution
Answer:
e.none of the above (all are true statements)
Applicationsof DNA fingerprinting:
In criminal investigations, the DNA fingerprint of a suspect\'s blood or other body material is
compared to that of the evidence from the crime scene to see how closely they match. The
technique can also be used to establish paternity. Forensic dentistry plays an important role in
human identification in mass disasters, especially in fires, explosions, decomposing bodies or
skeletonized bodies, when there is little material remaining to perform visual identification..
Answer1.To print the size of my home directory $HOME we usee.pdf
Answer:
1.
To print the size of my home directory $HOME we use:
echo “$(du –sm $HOME)mb”
2. For just path we use:
echo $PATH
To include the /sbin directory:
set PATH = ($PATH /usr/local/sbin)
echo $PATH
3. For creating alias for ls and color coding:
alias ls = “ls –l –-color \"
Solution
Answer:
1.
To print the size of my home directory $HOME we use:
echo “$(du –sm $HOME)mb”
2. For just path we use:
echo $PATH
To include the /sbin directory:
set PATH = ($PATH /usr/local/sbin)
echo $PATH
3. For creating alias for ls and color coding:
alias ls = “ls –l –-color \".
AnsTriploidy is a desirable trait in all angiosperms except orchi.pdf
Ans:
Triploidy is a desirable trait in all angiosperms except orchidaceae and Triploidy could be a
desirable trait in agricultural species where the economic part especially fruits. Triploid hybrids
have one of the most important traits, seedlessness, which is the characteristic for the fresh-fruit
market. Triploid embryos are found in small seeds that do not germinate. Triploid plants raised
from endosperm are generally sterile. Endosperm-raised triploid plants are of commercial value,
e.g. timber-yielding plants, edible fruit plants or ornamentals propagated vegetatively and
multiplied mainly through micropropagation.
Triploid plants often show vigorous vegetative growth and in some species produce excellent
seedless fruit. All cultivated bananas are triplods, and must be propagated vegetatively as they
bear no seed. Some sugar beet varieties are triploid and these tend to be higher yielding than
diploid varieties. In some species it is not desirable as they produce little or no seed, each
generation of a triploid variety has to be made afresh by the hybridization of a diploid and a
tetraploid parent.
Eg: Commercial use of triploid fruits can be found in watermelons and are produced artificially
by first developing tetraploids whicg are then crossed with diploid watermelon. In order to set
fruit, the triploid watermelon crossed with desirable diploid pollen donar.
It is an undesirable trait
In some species it is not desirable as they produce little or no seed (may be sterile because they
cannot form gametes with a balanced assortment of chromosomes), each generation of a triploid
variety has to be made afresh by the hybridization of a diploid and a tetraploid parent.
Eg: Diana\' (1963, USA) has large single, pure white petals with crimped edges. It is a triploid,
so produces little or no viable seed, and thus continues to flower over a long period. It was
followed in the 1980s by more triploid cultivars, in particular \'Aphrodite\'
polyploidy leads to significant reduction in the amount of genetic diversity in some species. As
genetically identical clones, a pest or disease that affects one individual is likely capable of
affecting each of its clones. Eg: vast majority of commercially produced bananas are cloned from
a single source, the Cavendish cultivar, and those plants are currently threatened worldwide by a
newly discovered fungal disease to which they are highly susceptible.
It is an undesirable trait in crop species where the economic part is seed Example : Orchidacea
The Phalaenopsis species bear a very brightly colored and patterned flowers were reintroduced
into cultivation. Many of these novelty species however produce inflorescences with only a very
few, tiny, starry-shaped flowers. These diploid species have been crossed with the modern
autopolyploid white types to improve their size, form, and floriferousness. In many instances,
these characteristics were improved but flower color was substantially diluted. In addition, many
.
a) Rotenone is an isoflavone used as insecticide and pesticide. It w.pdf
a) Rotenone is an isoflavone used as insecticide and pesticide. It works by interfering with
Electron transport chain in mitochondria. It inhibits the transfer of elctrons from Complex 1
toUbiquinone. It is mildly toxic to humans and other mammals. But highly toxic to fish and
insects because it is easily taken up through the gills or trachea but not through skin or
gastrointestinal tract. The inhibition of NADH dehydrogenase by Rotenone decreases the rate of
electron flow which inturn decreases the ATP production. If it does not meet ATP requirements
the organisms die.
b) Antimycin A binds to the Qi site of cytochrome reductase in the mitochondrial complex 3 and
inhibits the oxidation of Ubiquinol. It strongly inhibits the oxidation of reduced Q in the
respiratory chain severely limiting the rate of electron transfer and ATP production.
c) Rotenone inhibits electron flow through complex1 whereas Antimycin Ainhibits electron flow
through NAD linked complex 1 and also at complex 2 from succinate and fatty acyl coA through
FAD. So, Antimycin A is more potent poisonous.
Solution
a) Rotenone is an isoflavone used as insecticide and pesticide. It works by interfering with
Electron transport chain in mitochondria. It inhibits the transfer of elctrons from Complex 1
toUbiquinone. It is mildly toxic to humans and other mammals. But highly toxic to fish and
insects because it is easily taken up through the gills or trachea but not through skin or
gastrointestinal tract. The inhibition of NADH dehydrogenase by Rotenone decreases the rate of
electron flow which inturn decreases the ATP production. If it does not meet ATP requirements
the organisms die.
b) Antimycin A binds to the Qi site of cytochrome reductase in the mitochondrial complex 3 and
inhibits the oxidation of Ubiquinol. It strongly inhibits the oxidation of reduced Q in the
respiratory chain severely limiting the rate of electron transfer and ATP production.
c) Rotenone inhibits electron flow through complex1 whereas Antimycin Ainhibits electron flow
through NAD linked complex 1 and also at complex 2 from succinate and fatty acyl coA through
FAD. So, Antimycin A is more potent poisonous..
A pivot table is a table which is used to store the summary of a cer.pdf
A pivot table is a table which is used to store the summary of a certain data set in a condensed
manner. The table consists of rows, columns, data fields, and pages. These components can be
moved around and it helps the user to expand, isolate, sum, and group the particular data in real
time. This table enables the user to view the differences in a very big set of information. It is
very helpful in organizing a large amount of data in Microsoft Excel.
Easy to Use and data analysis
An important advantage of pivot tables is that it is easy to use. You can easily summarize data by
dragging the columns to different sections of the table. The columns can also be re-arranged as
you wish with the click of a mouse.With the help of excel pivot tables, you can handle large
quantities of data in one single go. These tables allow you to take a large amount of data and
work on it in such a way that you need to view only a few data fields. This helps in the easy
analysis of large amount of data.
Working of the Table and Find Data Patterns
A pivot table takes a user-specified data field and converts the header of each column into a data
option which can be easily manipulated by the user. Columns containing data can be removed
from, added to, or moved around the table quite easily. Here, user friendly and informative
summaries can be created from long spreadsheets of raw data. The data can be summarized in
various ways including frequencies and averages. Using the pivot table in excel has many
benefits which are described below. Excel pivot tables help you to create customized tables from
large data groups. Manipulating data in this manner will help to find recurring patterns in the
data, if any. This in turn will help in accurate data forecast.
Easy Summary of Data with Quick Report Creation
Another important benefit of pivot tables is that it helps to summarize data in a quick and easy
manner. The table helps in making a concise summary out of thousands of rows and columns of
unorganized data. With the help of these tables you can summarize large amounts of information
into a small space. The data can be summarized in a simple format which is easily
understandable. Users can arrange rows and columns of the data according to their needs and
they can label it and sort it in any way they want to.One of the important features of excel pivot
tables is that it helps to create reports in an efficient way. This saves you the long and strenuous
hours that you need to spend for creating reports manually. Apart from this, the table also helps
you provide links to external sources if any, in the report created.
Helps in Quick Decision Making
A pivot table can be considered to be a valuable Excel reporting tool as it allows users to easily
analyze the data and arrive at quick decisions. This serves as a huge advantage in the industrial
world, where it is crucial to make precise and quick decisions.
Conclusion: By considering the advantages that the pivot table have it .
26. DNA molecule contains deoxyribose and is double stranded.27. B.pdf
26. DNA molecule contains deoxyribose and is double stranded.
27. Base pairing in DNA are observed between A and T
28. The major goal of the human genome project is to determine the genome sequence of the
entire human genome.
29. Living material are observed under the light microscope using a wet mount.
30. To view the detailed structure of an organelle, the appropriate microscope would be electron
microscope.
31. The images from microscope can be viewed in all the following methods.
32. The cells which have nuclear material encased inside the nuclear envelope are called as
eukaryotes.
33. The inferior of the cell separated from the outside environment by cell membrane.
Solution
26. DNA molecule contains deoxyribose and is double stranded.
27. Base pairing in DNA are observed between A and T
28. The major goal of the human genome project is to determine the genome sequence of the
entire human genome.
29. Living material are observed under the light microscope using a wet mount.
30. To view the detailed structure of an organelle, the appropriate microscope would be electron
microscope.
31. The images from microscope can be viewed in all the following methods.
32. The cells which have nuclear material encased inside the nuclear envelope are called as
eukaryotes.
33. The inferior of the cell separated from the outside environment by cell membrane..
(A) Current Ratio = Current AssetsCurrent LiabilitiesCurrent Asse.pdf
(A) Current Ratio = Current Assets/Current Liabilities
Current Asset
3014
5224
Current Liabilities
2911
2800
Current Ratio
1.04
1.87
(B) Quick Ratio = Liquid Asset/Current Liabilities
Liquid Asset = AR+Cash
Liquid Asset
791
3133
Current Liabilities
2911
2800
Liquid Ratio
0.27
1.12
(C) Liabilities to Equity
Total liability include Current Liability + Short term Debt + Long Term Debt
Total Liability
5716
5931
Equity
871
2440
Liability to Equity
6.56
2.43
(D) Debt to Equity Ratio
Debt include Long Term Debt + Short Term Debt
Debt
2805
3131
Equity
871
2440
Debt to Equity Ratio
3.22
1.28
(E) Times Interest Earned
EBIT
1101
1323
Interest Expenses
153
156
Times Interest earned
7.20
8.48
(F) Cash From operation to total debt
Total Debt = Current Liabilities + Long Term Debt + Short Term Debt
Cash from Operation
2451
1220
Debt
5716
5931
Debt Coverage Ratio
43%
21%
(G) Free Operation Cash Flow to Total Debt
Free Cash Flow = Operating Cash Flow - Capital Expenditure
Free Cash Flow
1369
359
Total Debt
5716
5931
Ratio
24%
6%
Both the quick and current ratios for 2016 decreased in the past year. The current ratio remains
above 1.0, but this is driven in large part by high inventory levels, implying Nordstrom may have
difficulty converting assets to cash. However, its interest coverage ratio remains high, indicating
it has the ability to cover interest payments on its debt.
(A) Current Ratio = Current Assets/Current Liabilities
Current Asset
3014
5224
Current Liabilities
2911
2800
Current Ratio
1.04
1.87
(B) Quick Ratio = Liquid Asset/Current Liabilities
Liquid Asset = AR+Cash
Liquid Asset
791
3133
Current Liabilities
2911
2800
Liquid Ratio
0.27
1.12
(C) Liabilities to Equity
Total liability include Current Liability + Short term Debt + Long Term Debt
Total Liability
5716
5931
Equity
871
2440
Liability to Equity
6.56
2.43
(D) Debt to Equity Ratio
Debt include Long Term Debt + Short Term Debt
Debt
2805
3131
Equity
871
2440
Debt to Equity Ratio
3.22
1.28
(E) Times Interest Earned
EBIT
1101
1323
Interest Expenses
153
156
Times Interest earned
7.20
8.48
(F) Cash From operation to total debt
Total Debt = Current Liabilities + Long Term Debt + Short Term Debt
Cash from Operation
2451
1220
Debt
5716
5931
Debt Coverage Ratio
43%
21%
(G) Free Operation Cash Flow to Total Debt
Free Cash Flow = Operating Cash Flow - Capital Expenditure
Free Cash Flow
1369
359
Total Debt
5716
5931
Ratio
24%
6%
Solution
(A) Current Ratio = Current Assets/Current Liabilities
Current Asset
3014
5224
Current Liabilities
2911
2800
Current Ratio
1.04
1.87
(B) Quick Ratio = Liquid Asset/Current Liabilities
Liquid Asset = AR+Cash
Liquid Asset
791
3133
Current Liabilities
2911
2800
Liquid Ratio
0.27
1.12
(C) Liabilities to Equity
Total liability include Current Liability + Short term Debt + Long Term Debt
Total Liability
5716
5931
Equity
871
2440
Liability to Equity
6.56
2.43
(D) Debt to Equity Ratio
Debt include Long Term Debt + Short Term Debt
Debt
2805
3131
Equity
871
2440
Debt to Equity Rat.
1. what is the central dogma of geneticsans Central dogma of gen.pdf
1. what is the central dogma of genetics?
ans: Central dogma of genetics leads to the information related that how one information or
character is transferred from generation to generation .ie, the flow of information realted to
genetics in the cells from DNA to mRNA and lastly in the form of proteins.So all this process
how the information from DNA to protein is transferred is the central dogma of genetics.
2.What\'s the difference between mixed culture and pure culture?how do you isolate a pure
culture from a mixed culture?Draw out the steps.which quadrent will have the most
colonies?which have the least.explain.
ans: Difference between mixed and pure culture is that the name itself defines that pure culture is
the culture which contains only one organism and in mixed culture it has more than one
organisms.
There are methods to be followed to get pure culture from a mixed culture.They are....SPREAD
plate technique and STREAK plate technique after these techniques several methods are there
like staining and all are performed and then organism is stored or used as pure culture.
1st quadrent will have more colonies because this quadrent has been streaked fully so organisms
will grow here more.No other quadrent have been streaked so no colonies but quadrent 2 and 4
can have some colonies if streaking is not done properly but quadrent 3 will have least number of
colonies.
Solution
1. what is the central dogma of genetics?
ans: Central dogma of genetics leads to the information related that how one information or
character is transferred from generation to generation .ie, the flow of information realted to
genetics in the cells from DNA to mRNA and lastly in the form of proteins.So all this process
how the information from DNA to protein is transferred is the central dogma of genetics.
2.What\'s the difference between mixed culture and pure culture?how do you isolate a pure
culture from a mixed culture?Draw out the steps.which quadrent will have the most
colonies?which have the least.explain.
ans: Difference between mixed and pure culture is that the name itself defines that pure culture is
the culture which contains only one organism and in mixed culture it has more than one
organisms.
There are methods to be followed to get pure culture from a mixed culture.They are....SPREAD
plate technique and STREAK plate technique after these techniques several methods are there
like staining and all are performed and then organism is stored or used as pure culture.
1st quadrent will have more colonies because this quadrent has been streaked fully so organisms
will grow here more.No other quadrent have been streaked so no colonies but quadrent 2 and 4
can have some colonies if streaking is not done properly but quadrent 3 will have least number of
colonies..
Phosphorous reacts readily with hydrogen to form hydrides; with halo.pdf
Phosphorous reacts readily with hydrogen to form hydrides; with halogens to form hallides;
With oxygen to form oxides; With sulfur to form sulfides These are few of the important
reactions of Phosphorous
Solution
Phosphorous reacts readily with hydrogen to form hydrides; with halogens to form hallides;
With oxygen to form oxides; With sulfur to form sulfides These are few of the important
reactions of Phosphorous.
A group of isotopes representing various stages of radioactive decay.pdf
A group of isotopes representing various stages of radioactive decay in which the heavier
members of the group are transformed into successively lighter ones, the lightest being stable. In
nuclear science, the decay chain refers to the radioactive decay of different discrete radioactive
decay products as a chained series of transformations. Most radioactive elements do not decay
directly to a stable state, but rather undergo a series of decays until eventually a stable isotope is
reached. Decay stages are referred to by their relationship to previous or subsequent stages. A
parent isotope is one that undergoes decay to form a daughter isotope. The daughter isotope may
be stable or it may decay to form a daughter isotope of its own. The daughter of a daughter
isotope is sometimes called a granddaughter isotope. The time it takes for a single parent atom
to decay to an atom of its daughter isotope can vary widely, not only for different parent-
daughter chains, but also for identical pairings of parent and daughter isotopes. While the decay
of a single atom occurs spontaneously, the decay of an initial population of identical atoms over
time, t, follows a decaying exponential distribution, e-?t, where ? is called a decay constant.
Because of this exponential nature, one of the properties of an isotope is its half-life, the time by
which half of an initial number of identical parent radioisotopes have decayed to their daughters.
Half-lives have been determined in laboratories for thousands of radioisotopes (or,
radionuclides). These can range from nearly instantaneous to as much as 1019 years or more.
The intermediate stages often emit more radioactivity than the original radioisotope. When
equilibrium is achieved, a granddaughter isotope is present in proportion to its half-life; but since
its activity is inversely proportional to its half-life, any nuclide in the decay chain finally
contributes as much as the head of the chain. For example, natural uranium is not significantly
radioactive, but pitchblende, a uranium ore, is 13 times more radioactive because of the radium
and other daughter isotopes it contains. Not only are unstable radium isotopes significant
radioactivity emitters, but as the next stage in the decay chain they also generate radon, a heavy,
inert, naturally occurring radioactive gas. Rock containing thorium and/or uranium (such as some
granites) emits radon gas that can accumulate in enclosed places such as basements or
underground mines. Radon exposure is considered the leading cause of lung cancer in non-
smokers.
Solution
A group of isotopes representing various stages of radioactive decay in which the heavier
members of the group are transformed into successively lighter ones, the lightest being stable. In
nuclear science, the decay chain refers to the radioactive decay of different discrete radioactive
decay products as a chained series of transformations. Most radioactive elements do not decay
directly to a stable state.
n should be 5 here Calcium sulfate (or calcium su.pdf
n should be 5 here Calcium sulfate (or calcium sulphate) is a common laboratory
and industrial chemical. In the form of ?-anhydrite (the nearly anhydrous form), it is used as a
desiccant. It is also used as a coagulant in products like tofu.[3] In the natural state, unrefined
calcium sulfate is a translucent, crystalline white rock. When sold as a color-indicating variant
under the name Drierite, it appears blue or pink due to impregnation with Cobalt(II) chloride,
which functions as a moisture indicator. The hemihydrate (CaSO4·~0.5H2O) is better known as
plaster of Paris, while the dihydrate (CaSO4·2H2O) occurs naturally as gypsum. The anhydrous
form occurs naturally as ß-anhydrite. Depending on the method of calcination of calcium sulfate
dihydrate, specific hemihydrates are sometimes distinguished: alpha-hemihydrate and beta-
hemihydrate.[4] They appear to differ only in crystal size. Alpha-hemihydrate crystals are more
prismatic than beta-hemihydrate crystals and, when mixed with water, form a much stronger and
harder superstructure.[5]
Solution
n should be 5 here Calcium sulfate (or calcium sulphate) is a common laboratory
and industrial chemical. In the form of ?-anhydrite (the nearly anhydrous form), it is used as a
desiccant. It is also used as a coagulant in products like tofu.[3] In the natural state, unrefined
calcium sulfate is a translucent, crystalline white rock. When sold as a color-indicating variant
under the name Drierite, it appears blue or pink due to impregnation with Cobalt(II) chloride,
which functions as a moisture indicator. The hemihydrate (CaSO4·~0.5H2O) is better known as
plaster of Paris, while the dihydrate (CaSO4·2H2O) occurs naturally as gypsum. The anhydrous
form occurs naturally as ß-anhydrite. Depending on the method of calcination of calcium sulfate
dihydrate, specific hemihydrates are sometimes distinguished: alpha-hemihydrate and beta-
hemihydrate.[4] They appear to differ only in crystal size. Alpha-hemihydrate crystals are more
prismatic than beta-hemihydrate crystals and, when mixed with water, form a much stronger and
harder superstructure.[5].
Molarity = moles Litres of solution. Work out .pdf
Molarity = moles / Litres of solution. Work out how many moles of each reagent
you add to the initial solution. Then use the total volume of the initial solution to determine the
molarity. Use this equation to solve.
Solution
Molarity = moles / Litres of solution. Work out how many moles of each reagent
you add to the initial solution. Then use the total volume of the initial solution to determine the
molarity. Use this equation to solve..
How many ml of .20 M NaOh are required to neutral.pdf
How many ml of .20 M NaOh are required to neutralize 50.0 ml of .41 M HBr?
M1 = molarity of HBr = 0.41 M : V1 = volume of HBr = 50.0mL M2 = molarity of NaOH =
0.20 : V2 = volume of NaOH By titration we have M1V1=M2V2 V2=(M1V1)/M2=
(0.41*50)/0.20 = 102.5mL NaOH What is the pH of a solution to which 35.0 ml of .20 M HCl
and 50.0 ml of .42M NaOH have been combined? Moles = molarity * volume Moles of HCl =
0.50M*(35/1000)L = 0.0175 mol HCl Moles of NaOH = 0.42 M * (50/1000)L=0.021 mol
NaOH Moles of NaOH left in the solution = 0.021 - 0.0175 = 0.0035 mol NaOH Molarity of
NaOH = moles of NaOH left/ total volume of the solution =0.0034/((50+35)/1000)L = 0.04 M
pOH = -log[OH-] = -log(0.04)=1.40 pH + pOH = 14 pH = 14-pOH = 14-1.40 = 12.6 Hope it
has help you.... !!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!
Solution
How many ml of .20 M NaOh are required to neutralize 50.0 ml of .41 M HBr?
M1 = molarity of HBr = 0.41 M : V1 = volume of HBr = 50.0mL M2 = molarity of NaOH =
0.20 : V2 = volume of NaOH By titration we have M1V1=M2V2 V2=(M1V1)/M2=
(0.41*50)/0.20 = 102.5mL NaOH What is the pH of a solution to which 35.0 ml of .20 M HCl
and 50.0 ml of .42M NaOH have been combined? Moles = molarity * volume Moles of HCl =
0.50M*(35/1000)L = 0.0175 mol HCl Moles of NaOH = 0.42 M * (50/1000)L=0.021 mol
NaOH Moles of NaOH left in the solution = 0.021 - 0.0175 = 0.0035 mol NaOH Molarity of
NaOH = moles of NaOH left/ total volume of the solution =0.0034/((50+35)/1000)L = 0.04 M
pOH = -log[OH-] = -log(0.04)=1.40 pH + pOH = 14 pH = 14-pOH = 14-1.40 = 12.6 Hope it
has help you.... !!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!.
It looks like you have two molecules there. CH3C.pdf
It looks like you have two molecules there. CH3CHO is acetaldehyde (ethanal)
HN(CH3)CH3 is dimethylamine (N-methylmethamine) IUPAC names are in parenthesis, the
common names are more often used.
Solution
It looks like you have two molecules there. CH3CHO is acetaldehyde (ethanal)
HN(CH3)CH3 is dimethylamine (N-methylmethamine) IUPAC names are in parenthesis, the
common names are more often used..
In H3O+ ion there are four electronpairs on the v.pdf
In H3O+ ion there are four electronpairs on the valency shell of the central atom .
Out of this 4, oneis lone pair of electrons and other three is bond pair electrons.So it is in trigonal
pyramidal geometry.
Solution
In H3O+ ion there are four electronpairs on the valency shell of the central atom .
Out of this 4, oneis lone pair of electrons and other three is bond pair electrons.So it is in trigonal
pyramidal geometry..
According to periodic properties Theatomic radius is increases .pdf
According to periodic properties Theatomic radius is increases from top to bottom and
decreases fromleft to right .
Cs+is at IA group lastbutone in that group .So the radius of that ion is having more.
And the remaining elements S andSe2+ comes under same group.They are having more
radiusthan F .
Among the S and Se2+ , S ia having small radius than Se2+.becausein groups size of the ion is
increases.
The priority Order is
Cs+ > Se2+> S > F
Fluorine got number 1 . and Cs+got number 4
Solution
According to periodic properties Theatomic radius is increases from top to bottom and
decreases fromleft to right .
Cs+is at IA group lastbutone in that group .So the radius of that ion is having more.
And the remaining elements S andSe2+ comes under same group.They are having more
radiusthan F .
Among the S and Se2+ , S ia having small radius than Se2+.becausein groups size of the ion is
increases.
The priority Order is
Cs+ > Se2+> S > F
Fluorine got number 1 . and Cs+got number 4.
Why does one would like all of this social control stuff the most g.pdf
Why does one would like all of this social control stuff? the most goal is to avoid redundancy in
your knowledge. Redundancy will result in numerous anomalies once you modify your
knowledge. each truth ought to be keep just one occasion and you ought to grasp wherever to
seem for every truth. The social control method brings order to your file. you choose to evolve to
bound rules wherever every truth is keep.
Nowadays the go-to traditional types ar either the Boyce-Codd traditional form (BCNF), that
we\'ll cowl here these days, or the third traditional type (3NF), which can be coated later. (Yes,
there are the primary, second, fourth, fifth traditional type. We’ll mention them later.)
The Boyce-Codd traditional type
A relative schema R is taken into account to be in Boyce–Codd traditional type (BCNF) if, for
each one among its dependencies X Y, one among the subsequent conditions holds true:
X Y could be a trivial useful dependency (i.e., Y could be a set of X)
X could be a superkey for schema R
Informally the Boyce-Codd traditional type is expressed as “Each attribute should represent a
truth concerning the key, the total key, and zilch however the key.”
Solution
Why does one would like all of this social control stuff? the most goal is to avoid redundancy in
your knowledge. Redundancy will result in numerous anomalies once you modify your
knowledge. each truth ought to be keep just one occasion and you ought to grasp wherever to
seem for every truth. The social control method brings order to your file. you choose to evolve to
bound rules wherever every truth is keep.
Nowadays the go-to traditional types ar either the Boyce-Codd traditional form (BCNF), that
we\'ll cowl here these days, or the third traditional type (3NF), which can be coated later. (Yes,
there are the primary, second, fourth, fifth traditional type. We’ll mention them later.)
The Boyce-Codd traditional type
A relative schema R is taken into account to be in Boyce–Codd traditional type (BCNF) if, for
each one among its dependencies X Y, one among the subsequent conditions holds true:
X Y could be a trivial useful dependency (i.e., Y could be a set of X)
X could be a superkey for schema R
Informally the Boyce-Codd traditional type is expressed as “Each attribute should represent a
truth concerning the key, the total key, and zilch however the key.”.
We know that absorbance , A = log ( Io It ) Where Io = intensity.pdf
We know that absorbance , A = log ( Io / It )
Where Io = intensity of incident light
It = intensity of transmitted light = 3 % ofIo
= 0.03 Io
Plug the values we get A = log ( Io /0.03Io )
= log (1/0.03)
= 1.52
Solution
We know that absorbance , A = log ( Io / It )
Where Io = intensity of incident light
It = intensity of transmitted light = 3 % ofIo
= 0.03 Io
Plug the values we get A = log ( Io /0.03Io )
= log (1/0.03)
= 1.52.
(19)D. All of the choices are correct.Explanation enzymes. ; fl.pdf
(19)
D. All of the choices are correct.
Explanation: enzymes. ; fluorescent dyes. ; radioisotopes.
(20) C. Proteins
Western Blot is a common method to detect and analyze proteins.
(21) e. Specific genetic marker sequence on genes
Fluorescence in situ hybridization is a way to visualize specific sequence on genes.
(22) a. DNA to DNA
A Southern blot is used for detection of a specific DNA sequence in DNA samples. It uses
labelled DNA probe to detect DNA sequence.
(23) a. Hybridize
Solution
(19)
D. All of the choices are correct.
Explanation: enzymes. ; fluorescent dyes. ; radioisotopes.
(20) C. Proteins
Western Blot is a common method to detect and analyze proteins.
(21) e. Specific genetic marker sequence on genes
Fluorescence in situ hybridization is a way to visualize specific sequence on genes.
(22) a. DNA to DNA
A Southern blot is used for detection of a specific DNA sequence in DNA samples. It uses
labelled DNA probe to detect DNA sequence.
(23) a. Hybridize.
The race industry and its elite enablers take it as self-evident tha.pdf
The race industry and its elite enablers take it as self-evident that high black incarceration rates
result from discrimination. At a presidential primary debate this Martin Luther King Day, for
instance, Senator Barack Obama charged that blacks and whites “are arrested at very different
rates, are convicted at very different rates, [and] receive very different sentences . . . for the same
crime.” Not to be outdone, Senator Hillary Clinton promptly denounced the “disgrace of a
criminal-justice system that incarcerates so many more African-Americans proportionately than
whites.”
Racial activists usually remain assiduously silent about that problem. But in 2005, the black
homicide rate was over seven times higher than that of whites and Hispanics combined,
according to the federal Bureau of Justice Statistics. From 1976 to 2005, blacks committed over
52 percent of all murders in America. In 2006, the black arrest rate for most crimes was two to
nearly three times blacks’ representation in the population. Blacks constituted 39.3 percent of all
violent-crime arrests, including 56.3 percent of all robbery and 34.5 percent of all aggravated-
assault arrests, and 29.4 percent of all property-crime arrests.
The advocates acknowledge such crime data only indirectly: by charging bias on the part of the
system’s decision makers. As Obama suggested in the Martin Luther King debate, police,
prosecutors, and judges treat blacks and whites differently “for the same crime.”
The media love to target the federal crack penalties because crack defendants are likely to be
black. In 2006, 81 percent of federal crack defendants were black, while only 27 percent of
federal powder-cocaine defendants were. Since federal crack rules are more severe than those for
powder, and crack offenders are disproportionately black, those rules must explain why so many
blacks are in prison, the conventional wisdom holds.
The press has covered this development voraciously, serving up a massive dose of crack
revisionism aimed at proving the racist origins of the war on crack. Crack was never a big deal,
the revisionist story line goes. But when Boston Celtics draft pick Len Bias died of a crack
overdose in 1986, the media went into overdrive covering the crack phenomenon. “Images—or
perhaps anecdotes—about the evils of crack, and the street crime it was presumed to stoke”
circulated, as the New York Times archly put it in a December 2007 article. A “moral panic”
(Michael Tonry’s term) ensued about an imaginary threat from a powerless minority group.
Whites feared that addicted blacks would invade their neighborhoods. Sensational stories about
“crack babies” surfaced. All this hysteria resulted in the unnecessary federal crack penalties.
Those who tar the criminal-justice system as racist often make a broader claim: incarceration
doesn’t even lower crime, making the nation’s skyrocketing prison rolls a particularly senseless
injustice.
Incarceration foes are right about one thing: the.
the resting membrane potential for most animal cells is negative, be.pdf
the resting membrane potential for most animal cells is negative, because the inside of thecell is
more negatively charged than the outside of the cell----answer
=====================================================================
==========
For the sensory system to capacity, neurons must have the capacity to send and get signals.
These signs are conceivable in light of the fact that every neuron has a charged cell layer (a
voltage contrast between within and the outside). The charge of this film can change because of
neurotransmitter atoms discharged from different neurons and ecological boosts. Any voltage is
a distinction in electric potential between two focuses; for instance, the detachment of positive
and negative electric charges on inverse sides of a resistive boundary. To see how neurons
impart, one should first comprehend the premise of charged films and the standard or \"resting\"
layer charge.
The lipid bilayer layer that encompasses a neuron is impermeable to charged atoms or particles.
To enter or leave the neuron, particles must go through uncommon proteins called particle
channels that traverse the film. Particle channels have diverse arrangements: open, shut, and idle
. Some particle channels should be actuated with a specific end goal to open and permit particles
to go into or out of the cell. These particle channels are touchy to the earth and can change their
shape in like manner. Particle channels that change their structure because of voltage changes are
called voltage-gated particle channels. Voltage-gated particle channels control the relative
centralizations of various particles inside and outside the cell. The distinction in complete charge
between within and outside of the phone is known as the layer potential.
Particle channel arrangements
Voltage-gated particle channels are shut at the resting potential and open in light of changes in
film voltage. After enactment, they get to be inactivated for a brief period and will no longer
open in light of a flag.
Resting Membrane Potential
For calm cells, the moderately static layer potential is known as the resting film potential. The
resting layer potential is at harmony since it depends on the steady consumption of vitality for its
upkeep. It is commanded by the ionic species in the framework that has the best conductance
over the layer. For most cells, this is potassium. As potassium is additionally the particle with the
most-negative harmony potential, as a rule the resting potential can be not any more negative
than the potassium balance potential.
A neuron very still is adversely charged on the grounds that within a cell is around 70 millivolts
more negative than the outside (70 mV); this number shifts by neuron sort and by species. This
voltage is known as the resting film potential and is created by contrasts in the convergences of
particles inside and outside the cell. In the event that the film were similarly porous to all
particles, every kind of particle woul.
The given buffer is KH2PO4 Na2HPO4Acidic component of the buffer .pdf
The given buffer is KH2PO4 /Na2HPO4
Acidic component of the buffer isH2PO4-
Basic component of the buffer isHPO42-
From the Henderson-Hasselbalch equation:
pH = pKa + log[Base] / [Acid]
pKa refers to the pKa of theacidic component H2PO4-of thebuffer.
H2PO4- (aq) + H2O (l) HPO42- (aq) +H3O+(aq) Ka2 = 6.3 * 10-8
pKa2 = 7.20
pH = 7.20 + log[ HPO42- ] /[H2PO4- ]
7.4 = 7.20 + log[ HPO42- ] /[H2PO4- ]
[ HPO42- ] /[H2PO4- ] = 1.58
[Base] / [Acid] = 1.58
pKa2 = 7.20
pH = 7.20 + log[ HPO42- ] /[H2PO4- ]
7.4 = 7.20 + log[ HPO42- ] /[H2PO4- ]
[ HPO42- ] /[H2PO4- ] = 1.58
[Base] / [Acid] = 1.58
Solution
The given buffer is KH2PO4 /Na2HPO4
Acidic component of the buffer isH2PO4-
Basic component of the buffer isHPO42-
From the Henderson-Hasselbalch equation:
pH = pKa + log[Base] / [Acid]
pKa refers to the pKa of theacidic component H2PO4-of thebuffer.
H2PO4- (aq) + H2O (l) HPO42- (aq) +H3O+(aq) Ka2 = 6.3 * 10-8
pKa2 = 7.20
pH = 7.20 + log[ HPO42- ] /[H2PO4- ]
7.4 = 7.20 + log[ HPO42- ] /[H2PO4- ]
[ HPO42- ] /[H2PO4- ] = 1.58
[Base] / [Acid] = 1.58
pKa2 = 7.20
pH = 7.20 + log[ HPO42- ] /[H2PO4- ]
7.4 = 7.20 + log[ HPO42- ] /[H2PO4- ]
[ HPO42- ] /[H2PO4- ] = 1.58
[Base] / [Acid] = 1.58.
Stiction or adhesion between the substrate (usually silicon based) a.pdf
Stiction or adhesion between the substrate (usually silicon based) and the microstructure occurs
during the isotropic wet etching of the sacrificial layer. The capillary forces due to the surface
tension of the liquid between the microstructure and substrate during drying of the wet etchant
cause the two surfaces to adhere together. Separating the two surfaces is often complicated due
to the fragile nature of the microstructure. Stiction is often circumvented by the use of a
sublimating fluid (often supercritical CO2, which has extremely low surface tension) drying
process where the liquid phase is bypassed. CO2 displaces the rinsing fluid and is heated past the
supercritical point. As the chamber pressure is slowly released the CO2 sublimates thereby
preventing stiction.
Solution
Stiction or adhesion between the substrate (usually silicon based) and the microstructure occurs
during the isotropic wet etching of the sacrificial layer. The capillary forces due to the surface
tension of the liquid between the microstructure and substrate during drying of the wet etchant
cause the two surfaces to adhere together. Separating the two surfaces is often complicated due
to the fragile nature of the microstructure. Stiction is often circumvented by the use of a
sublimating fluid (often supercritical CO2, which has extremely low surface tension) drying
process where the liquid phase is bypassed. CO2 displaces the rinsing fluid and is heated past the
supercritical point. As the chamber pressure is slowly released the CO2 sublimates thereby
preventing stiction..
Marsh Corporation Income Statement For the year ende.pdf
Marsh Corporation Income Statement For the year ended december 31, 2014
Amount ($) Income: Service Revenue A 34600 Expenses: Advertising
Expenses 4410 Rent Expenses 14800 Supplies Expenses 1290 Total Expenses
B 20500 Net Income A-B 14100 Less: Dividend 7300 Retained Earning
6800
Solution
Marsh Corporation Income Statement For the year ended december 31, 2014
Amount ($) Income: Service Revenue A 34600 Expenses: Advertising
Expenses 4410 Rent Expenses 14800 Supplies Expenses 1290 Total Expenses
B 20500 Net Income A-B 14100 Less: Dividend 7300 Retained Earning
6800.
Q1) Create a frequency table for each of the following variables..pdf
The document provides instructions for analyzing several variables from a dataset. It asks to:
1) Create frequency tables for race and political identity variables.
2) Create histograms for age and police contact variables.
3) Calculate measures of central tendency and dispersion for self-control and trust in police variables.
4) Transform school commitment raw scores to z-scores.
Primary prodution is when plants produce their own food and use them.pdf
Primary prodution is when plants produce their own food and use them for their living and
growth. Common primary produces include: grass, milk weed, oxalis.
Primary production helps to maintain the ecosystem, both terrestrial and aquatic. Factors that
involve primary production includes sunlight, air, water.
Living systems produce energy rich organic substances from low energy inorganic substances in
primary production.
Solution
Primary prodution is when plants produce their own food and use them for their living and
growth. Common primary produces include: grass, milk weed, oxalis.
Primary production helps to maintain the ecosystem, both terrestrial and aquatic. Factors that
involve primary production includes sunlight, air, water.
Living systems produce energy rich organic substances from low energy inorganic substances in
primary production..
South African Journal of Science: Writing with integrity workshop (2024)
South African Journal of Science: Writing with integrity workshop (2024)Academy of Science of South Africa
A workshop hosted by the South African Journal of Science aimed at postgraduate students and early career researchers with little or no experience in writing and publishing journal articles.Chapter 4 - Islamic Financial Institutions in Malaysia.pptx
Chapter 4 - Islamic Financial Institutions in Malaysia.pptxMohd Adib Abd Muin, Senior Lecturer at Universiti Utara Malaysia
This slide is special for master students (MIBS & MIFB) in UUM. Also useful for readers who are interested in the topic of contemporary Islamic banking.
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More from aptcomputerzone
(A) Current Ratio = Current AssetsCurrent LiabilitiesCurrent Asse.pdf
(A) Current Ratio = Current Assets/Current Liabilities
Current Asset
3014
5224
Current Liabilities
2911
2800
Current Ratio
1.04
1.87
(B) Quick Ratio = Liquid Asset/Current Liabilities
Liquid Asset = AR+Cash
Liquid Asset
791
3133
Current Liabilities
2911
2800
Liquid Ratio
0.27
1.12
(C) Liabilities to Equity
Total liability include Current Liability + Short term Debt + Long Term Debt
Total Liability
5716
5931
Equity
871
2440
Liability to Equity
6.56
2.43
(D) Debt to Equity Ratio
Debt include Long Term Debt + Short Term Debt
Debt
2805
3131
Equity
871
2440
Debt to Equity Ratio
3.22
1.28
(E) Times Interest Earned
EBIT
1101
1323
Interest Expenses
153
156
Times Interest earned
7.20
8.48
(F) Cash From operation to total debt
Total Debt = Current Liabilities + Long Term Debt + Short Term Debt
Cash from Operation
2451
1220
Debt
5716
5931
Debt Coverage Ratio
43%
21%
(G) Free Operation Cash Flow to Total Debt
Free Cash Flow = Operating Cash Flow - Capital Expenditure
Free Cash Flow
1369
359
Total Debt
5716
5931
Ratio
24%
6%
Both the quick and current ratios for 2016 decreased in the past year. The current ratio remains
above 1.0, but this is driven in large part by high inventory levels, implying Nordstrom may have
difficulty converting assets to cash. However, its interest coverage ratio remains high, indicating
it has the ability to cover interest payments on its debt.
(A) Current Ratio = Current Assets/Current Liabilities
Current Asset
3014
5224
Current Liabilities
2911
2800
Current Ratio
1.04
1.87
(B) Quick Ratio = Liquid Asset/Current Liabilities
Liquid Asset = AR+Cash
Liquid Asset
791
3133
Current Liabilities
2911
2800
Liquid Ratio
0.27
1.12
(C) Liabilities to Equity
Total liability include Current Liability + Short term Debt + Long Term Debt
Total Liability
5716
5931
Equity
871
2440
Liability to Equity
6.56
2.43
(D) Debt to Equity Ratio
Debt include Long Term Debt + Short Term Debt
Debt
2805
3131
Equity
871
2440
Debt to Equity Ratio
3.22
1.28
(E) Times Interest Earned
EBIT
1101
1323
Interest Expenses
153
156
Times Interest earned
7.20
8.48
(F) Cash From operation to total debt
Total Debt = Current Liabilities + Long Term Debt + Short Term Debt
Cash from Operation
2451
1220
Debt
5716
5931
Debt Coverage Ratio
43%
21%
(G) Free Operation Cash Flow to Total Debt
Free Cash Flow = Operating Cash Flow - Capital Expenditure
Free Cash Flow
1369
359
Total Debt
5716
5931
Ratio
24%
6%
Solution
(A) Current Ratio = Current Assets/Current Liabilities
Current Asset
3014
5224
Current Liabilities
2911
2800
Current Ratio
1.04
1.87
(B) Quick Ratio = Liquid Asset/Current Liabilities
Liquid Asset = AR+Cash
Liquid Asset
791
3133
Current Liabilities
2911
2800
Liquid Ratio
0.27
1.12
(C) Liabilities to Equity
Total liability include Current Liability + Short term Debt + Long Term Debt
Total Liability
5716
5931
Equity
871
2440
Liability to Equity
6.56
2.43
(D) Debt to Equity Ratio
Debt include Long Term Debt + Short Term Debt
Debt
2805
3131
Equity
871
2440
Debt to Equity Rat.
1. what is the central dogma of geneticsans Central dogma of gen.pdf
1. what is the central dogma of genetics?
ans: Central dogma of genetics leads to the information related that how one information or
character is transferred from generation to generation .ie, the flow of information realted to
genetics in the cells from DNA to mRNA and lastly in the form of proteins.So all this process
how the information from DNA to protein is transferred is the central dogma of genetics.
2.What\'s the difference between mixed culture and pure culture?how do you isolate a pure
culture from a mixed culture?Draw out the steps.which quadrent will have the most
colonies?which have the least.explain.
ans: Difference between mixed and pure culture is that the name itself defines that pure culture is
the culture which contains only one organism and in mixed culture it has more than one
organisms.
There are methods to be followed to get pure culture from a mixed culture.They are....SPREAD
plate technique and STREAK plate technique after these techniques several methods are there
like staining and all are performed and then organism is stored or used as pure culture.
1st quadrent will have more colonies because this quadrent has been streaked fully so organisms
will grow here more.No other quadrent have been streaked so no colonies but quadrent 2 and 4
can have some colonies if streaking is not done properly but quadrent 3 will have least number of
colonies.
Solution
1. what is the central dogma of genetics?
ans: Central dogma of genetics leads to the information related that how one information or
character is transferred from generation to generation .ie, the flow of information realted to
genetics in the cells from DNA to mRNA and lastly in the form of proteins.So all this process
how the information from DNA to protein is transferred is the central dogma of genetics.
2.What\'s the difference between mixed culture and pure culture?how do you isolate a pure
culture from a mixed culture?Draw out the steps.which quadrent will have the most
colonies?which have the least.explain.
ans: Difference between mixed and pure culture is that the name itself defines that pure culture is
the culture which contains only one organism and in mixed culture it has more than one
organisms.
There are methods to be followed to get pure culture from a mixed culture.They are....SPREAD
plate technique and STREAK plate technique after these techniques several methods are there
like staining and all are performed and then organism is stored or used as pure culture.
1st quadrent will have more colonies because this quadrent has been streaked fully so organisms
will grow here more.No other quadrent have been streaked so no colonies but quadrent 2 and 4
can have some colonies if streaking is not done properly but quadrent 3 will have least number of
colonies..
Phosphorous reacts readily with hydrogen to form hydrides; with halo.pdf
Phosphorous reacts readily with hydrogen to form hydrides; with halogens to form hallides;
With oxygen to form oxides; With sulfur to form sulfides These are few of the important
reactions of Phosphorous
Solution
Phosphorous reacts readily with hydrogen to form hydrides; with halogens to form hallides;
With oxygen to form oxides; With sulfur to form sulfides These are few of the important
reactions of Phosphorous.
A group of isotopes representing various stages of radioactive decay.pdf
A group of isotopes representing various stages of radioactive decay in which the heavier
members of the group are transformed into successively lighter ones, the lightest being stable. In
nuclear science, the decay chain refers to the radioactive decay of different discrete radioactive
decay products as a chained series of transformations. Most radioactive elements do not decay
directly to a stable state, but rather undergo a series of decays until eventually a stable isotope is
reached. Decay stages are referred to by their relationship to previous or subsequent stages. A
parent isotope is one that undergoes decay to form a daughter isotope. The daughter isotope may
be stable or it may decay to form a daughter isotope of its own. The daughter of a daughter
isotope is sometimes called a granddaughter isotope. The time it takes for a single parent atom
to decay to an atom of its daughter isotope can vary widely, not only for different parent-
daughter chains, but also for identical pairings of parent and daughter isotopes. While the decay
of a single atom occurs spontaneously, the decay of an initial population of identical atoms over
time, t, follows a decaying exponential distribution, e-?t, where ? is called a decay constant.
Because of this exponential nature, one of the properties of an isotope is its half-life, the time by
which half of an initial number of identical parent radioisotopes have decayed to their daughters.
Half-lives have been determined in laboratories for thousands of radioisotopes (or,
radionuclides). These can range from nearly instantaneous to as much as 1019 years or more.
The intermediate stages often emit more radioactivity than the original radioisotope. When
equilibrium is achieved, a granddaughter isotope is present in proportion to its half-life; but since
its activity is inversely proportional to its half-life, any nuclide in the decay chain finally
contributes as much as the head of the chain. For example, natural uranium is not significantly
radioactive, but pitchblende, a uranium ore, is 13 times more radioactive because of the radium
and other daughter isotopes it contains. Not only are unstable radium isotopes significant
radioactivity emitters, but as the next stage in the decay chain they also generate radon, a heavy,
inert, naturally occurring radioactive gas. Rock containing thorium and/or uranium (such as some
granites) emits radon gas that can accumulate in enclosed places such as basements or
underground mines. Radon exposure is considered the leading cause of lung cancer in non-
smokers.
Solution
A group of isotopes representing various stages of radioactive decay in which the heavier
members of the group are transformed into successively lighter ones, the lightest being stable. In
nuclear science, the decay chain refers to the radioactive decay of different discrete radioactive
decay products as a chained series of transformations. Most radioactive elements do not decay
directly to a stable state.
n should be 5 here Calcium sulfate (or calcium su.pdf
n should be 5 here Calcium sulfate (or calcium sulphate) is a common laboratory
and industrial chemical. In the form of ?-anhydrite (the nearly anhydrous form), it is used as a
desiccant. It is also used as a coagulant in products like tofu.[3] In the natural state, unrefined
calcium sulfate is a translucent, crystalline white rock. When sold as a color-indicating variant
under the name Drierite, it appears blue or pink due to impregnation with Cobalt(II) chloride,
which functions as a moisture indicator. The hemihydrate (CaSO4·~0.5H2O) is better known as
plaster of Paris, while the dihydrate (CaSO4·2H2O) occurs naturally as gypsum. The anhydrous
form occurs naturally as ß-anhydrite. Depending on the method of calcination of calcium sulfate
dihydrate, specific hemihydrates are sometimes distinguished: alpha-hemihydrate and beta-
hemihydrate.[4] They appear to differ only in crystal size. Alpha-hemihydrate crystals are more
prismatic than beta-hemihydrate crystals and, when mixed with water, form a much stronger and
harder superstructure.[5]
Solution
n should be 5 here Calcium sulfate (or calcium sulphate) is a common laboratory
and industrial chemical. In the form of ?-anhydrite (the nearly anhydrous form), it is used as a
desiccant. It is also used as a coagulant in products like tofu.[3] In the natural state, unrefined
calcium sulfate is a translucent, crystalline white rock. When sold as a color-indicating variant
under the name Drierite, it appears blue or pink due to impregnation with Cobalt(II) chloride,
which functions as a moisture indicator. The hemihydrate (CaSO4·~0.5H2O) is better known as
plaster of Paris, while the dihydrate (CaSO4·2H2O) occurs naturally as gypsum. The anhydrous
form occurs naturally as ß-anhydrite. Depending on the method of calcination of calcium sulfate
dihydrate, specific hemihydrates are sometimes distinguished: alpha-hemihydrate and beta-
hemihydrate.[4] They appear to differ only in crystal size. Alpha-hemihydrate crystals are more
prismatic than beta-hemihydrate crystals and, when mixed with water, form a much stronger and
harder superstructure.[5].
Molarity = moles Litres of solution. Work out .pdf
Molarity = moles / Litres of solution. Work out how many moles of each reagent
you add to the initial solution. Then use the total volume of the initial solution to determine the
molarity. Use this equation to solve.
Solution
Molarity = moles / Litres of solution. Work out how many moles of each reagent
you add to the initial solution. Then use the total volume of the initial solution to determine the
molarity. Use this equation to solve..
How many ml of .20 M NaOh are required to neutral.pdf
How many ml of .20 M NaOh are required to neutralize 50.0 ml of .41 M HBr?
M1 = molarity of HBr = 0.41 M : V1 = volume of HBr = 50.0mL M2 = molarity of NaOH =
0.20 : V2 = volume of NaOH By titration we have M1V1=M2V2 V2=(M1V1)/M2=
(0.41*50)/0.20 = 102.5mL NaOH What is the pH of a solution to which 35.0 ml of .20 M HCl
and 50.0 ml of .42M NaOH have been combined? Moles = molarity * volume Moles of HCl =
0.50M*(35/1000)L = 0.0175 mol HCl Moles of NaOH = 0.42 M * (50/1000)L=0.021 mol
NaOH Moles of NaOH left in the solution = 0.021 - 0.0175 = 0.0035 mol NaOH Molarity of
NaOH = moles of NaOH left/ total volume of the solution =0.0034/((50+35)/1000)L = 0.04 M
pOH = -log[OH-] = -log(0.04)=1.40 pH + pOH = 14 pH = 14-pOH = 14-1.40 = 12.6 Hope it
has help you.... !!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!
Solution
How many ml of .20 M NaOh are required to neutralize 50.0 ml of .41 M HBr?
M1 = molarity of HBr = 0.41 M : V1 = volume of HBr = 50.0mL M2 = molarity of NaOH =
0.20 : V2 = volume of NaOH By titration we have M1V1=M2V2 V2=(M1V1)/M2=
(0.41*50)/0.20 = 102.5mL NaOH What is the pH of a solution to which 35.0 ml of .20 M HCl
and 50.0 ml of .42M NaOH have been combined? Moles = molarity * volume Moles of HCl =
0.50M*(35/1000)L = 0.0175 mol HCl Moles of NaOH = 0.42 M * (50/1000)L=0.021 mol
NaOH Moles of NaOH left in the solution = 0.021 - 0.0175 = 0.0035 mol NaOH Molarity of
NaOH = moles of NaOH left/ total volume of the solution =0.0034/((50+35)/1000)L = 0.04 M
pOH = -log[OH-] = -log(0.04)=1.40 pH + pOH = 14 pH = 14-pOH = 14-1.40 = 12.6 Hope it
has help you.... !!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!.
It looks like you have two molecules there. CH3C.pdf
It looks like you have two molecules there. CH3CHO is acetaldehyde (ethanal)
HN(CH3)CH3 is dimethylamine (N-methylmethamine) IUPAC names are in parenthesis, the
common names are more often used.
Solution
It looks like you have two molecules there. CH3CHO is acetaldehyde (ethanal)
HN(CH3)CH3 is dimethylamine (N-methylmethamine) IUPAC names are in parenthesis, the
common names are more often used..
In H3O+ ion there are four electronpairs on the v.pdf
In H3O+ ion there are four electronpairs on the valency shell of the central atom .
Out of this 4, oneis lone pair of electrons and other three is bond pair electrons.So it is in trigonal
pyramidal geometry.
Solution
In H3O+ ion there are four electronpairs on the valency shell of the central atom .
Out of this 4, oneis lone pair of electrons and other three is bond pair electrons.So it is in trigonal
pyramidal geometry..
According to periodic properties Theatomic radius is increases .pdf
According to periodic properties Theatomic radius is increases from top to bottom and
decreases fromleft to right .
Cs+is at IA group lastbutone in that group .So the radius of that ion is having more.
And the remaining elements S andSe2+ comes under same group.They are having more
radiusthan F .
Among the S and Se2+ , S ia having small radius than Se2+.becausein groups size of the ion is
increases.
The priority Order is
Cs+ > Se2+> S > F
Fluorine got number 1 . and Cs+got number 4
Solution
According to periodic properties Theatomic radius is increases from top to bottom and
decreases fromleft to right .
Cs+is at IA group lastbutone in that group .So the radius of that ion is having more.
And the remaining elements S andSe2+ comes under same group.They are having more
radiusthan F .
Among the S and Se2+ , S ia having small radius than Se2+.becausein groups size of the ion is
increases.
The priority Order is
Cs+ > Se2+> S > F
Fluorine got number 1 . and Cs+got number 4.
Why does one would like all of this social control stuff the most g.pdf
Why does one would like all of this social control stuff? the most goal is to avoid redundancy in
your knowledge. Redundancy will result in numerous anomalies once you modify your
knowledge. each truth ought to be keep just one occasion and you ought to grasp wherever to
seem for every truth. The social control method brings order to your file. you choose to evolve to
bound rules wherever every truth is keep.
Nowadays the go-to traditional types ar either the Boyce-Codd traditional form (BCNF), that
we\'ll cowl here these days, or the third traditional type (3NF), which can be coated later. (Yes,
there are the primary, second, fourth, fifth traditional type. We’ll mention them later.)
The Boyce-Codd traditional type
A relative schema R is taken into account to be in Boyce–Codd traditional type (BCNF) if, for
each one among its dependencies X Y, one among the subsequent conditions holds true:
X Y could be a trivial useful dependency (i.e., Y could be a set of X)
X could be a superkey for schema R
Informally the Boyce-Codd traditional type is expressed as “Each attribute should represent a
truth concerning the key, the total key, and zilch however the key.”
Solution
Why does one would like all of this social control stuff? the most goal is to avoid redundancy in
your knowledge. Redundancy will result in numerous anomalies once you modify your
knowledge. each truth ought to be keep just one occasion and you ought to grasp wherever to
seem for every truth. The social control method brings order to your file. you choose to evolve to
bound rules wherever every truth is keep.
Nowadays the go-to traditional types ar either the Boyce-Codd traditional form (BCNF), that
we\'ll cowl here these days, or the third traditional type (3NF), which can be coated later. (Yes,
there are the primary, second, fourth, fifth traditional type. We’ll mention them later.)
The Boyce-Codd traditional type
A relative schema R is taken into account to be in Boyce–Codd traditional type (BCNF) if, for
each one among its dependencies X Y, one among the subsequent conditions holds true:
X Y could be a trivial useful dependency (i.e., Y could be a set of X)
X could be a superkey for schema R
Informally the Boyce-Codd traditional type is expressed as “Each attribute should represent a
truth concerning the key, the total key, and zilch however the key.”.
We know that absorbance , A = log ( Io It ) Where Io = intensity.pdf
We know that absorbance , A = log ( Io / It )
Where Io = intensity of incident light
It = intensity of transmitted light = 3 % ofIo
= 0.03 Io
Plug the values we get A = log ( Io /0.03Io )
= log (1/0.03)
= 1.52
Solution
We know that absorbance , A = log ( Io / It )
Where Io = intensity of incident light
It = intensity of transmitted light = 3 % ofIo
= 0.03 Io
Plug the values we get A = log ( Io /0.03Io )
= log (1/0.03)
= 1.52.
(19)D. All of the choices are correct.Explanation enzymes. ; fl.pdf
(19)
D. All of the choices are correct.
Explanation: enzymes. ; fluorescent dyes. ; radioisotopes.
(20) C. Proteins
Western Blot is a common method to detect and analyze proteins.
(21) e. Specific genetic marker sequence on genes
Fluorescence in situ hybridization is a way to visualize specific sequence on genes.
(22) a. DNA to DNA
A Southern blot is used for detection of a specific DNA sequence in DNA samples. It uses
labelled DNA probe to detect DNA sequence.
(23) a. Hybridize
Solution
(19)
D. All of the choices are correct.
Explanation: enzymes. ; fluorescent dyes. ; radioisotopes.
(20) C. Proteins
Western Blot is a common method to detect and analyze proteins.
(21) e. Specific genetic marker sequence on genes
Fluorescence in situ hybridization is a way to visualize specific sequence on genes.
(22) a. DNA to DNA
A Southern blot is used for detection of a specific DNA sequence in DNA samples. It uses
labelled DNA probe to detect DNA sequence.
(23) a. Hybridize.
The race industry and its elite enablers take it as self-evident tha.pdf
The race industry and its elite enablers take it as self-evident that high black incarceration rates
result from discrimination. At a presidential primary debate this Martin Luther King Day, for
instance, Senator Barack Obama charged that blacks and whites “are arrested at very different
rates, are convicted at very different rates, [and] receive very different sentences . . . for the same
crime.” Not to be outdone, Senator Hillary Clinton promptly denounced the “disgrace of a
criminal-justice system that incarcerates so many more African-Americans proportionately than
whites.”
Racial activists usually remain assiduously silent about that problem. But in 2005, the black
homicide rate was over seven times higher than that of whites and Hispanics combined,
according to the federal Bureau of Justice Statistics. From 1976 to 2005, blacks committed over
52 percent of all murders in America. In 2006, the black arrest rate for most crimes was two to
nearly three times blacks’ representation in the population. Blacks constituted 39.3 percent of all
violent-crime arrests, including 56.3 percent of all robbery and 34.5 percent of all aggravated-
assault arrests, and 29.4 percent of all property-crime arrests.
The advocates acknowledge such crime data only indirectly: by charging bias on the part of the
system’s decision makers. As Obama suggested in the Martin Luther King debate, police,
prosecutors, and judges treat blacks and whites differently “for the same crime.”
The media love to target the federal crack penalties because crack defendants are likely to be
black. In 2006, 81 percent of federal crack defendants were black, while only 27 percent of
federal powder-cocaine defendants were. Since federal crack rules are more severe than those for
powder, and crack offenders are disproportionately black, those rules must explain why so many
blacks are in prison, the conventional wisdom holds.
The press has covered this development voraciously, serving up a massive dose of crack
revisionism aimed at proving the racist origins of the war on crack. Crack was never a big deal,
the revisionist story line goes. But when Boston Celtics draft pick Len Bias died of a crack
overdose in 1986, the media went into overdrive covering the crack phenomenon. “Images—or
perhaps anecdotes—about the evils of crack, and the street crime it was presumed to stoke”
circulated, as the New York Times archly put it in a December 2007 article. A “moral panic”
(Michael Tonry’s term) ensued about an imaginary threat from a powerless minority group.
Whites feared that addicted blacks would invade their neighborhoods. Sensational stories about
“crack babies” surfaced. All this hysteria resulted in the unnecessary federal crack penalties.
Those who tar the criminal-justice system as racist often make a broader claim: incarceration
doesn’t even lower crime, making the nation’s skyrocketing prison rolls a particularly senseless
injustice.
Incarceration foes are right about one thing: the.
the resting membrane potential for most animal cells is negative, be.pdf
the resting membrane potential for most animal cells is negative, because the inside of thecell is
more negatively charged than the outside of the cell----answer
=====================================================================
==========
For the sensory system to capacity, neurons must have the capacity to send and get signals.
These signs are conceivable in light of the fact that every neuron has a charged cell layer (a
voltage contrast between within and the outside). The charge of this film can change because of
neurotransmitter atoms discharged from different neurons and ecological boosts. Any voltage is
a distinction in electric potential between two focuses; for instance, the detachment of positive
and negative electric charges on inverse sides of a resistive boundary. To see how neurons
impart, one should first comprehend the premise of charged films and the standard or \"resting\"
layer charge.
The lipid bilayer layer that encompasses a neuron is impermeable to charged atoms or particles.
To enter or leave the neuron, particles must go through uncommon proteins called particle
channels that traverse the film. Particle channels have diverse arrangements: open, shut, and idle
. Some particle channels should be actuated with a specific end goal to open and permit particles
to go into or out of the cell. These particle channels are touchy to the earth and can change their
shape in like manner. Particle channels that change their structure because of voltage changes are
called voltage-gated particle channels. Voltage-gated particle channels control the relative
centralizations of various particles inside and outside the cell. The distinction in complete charge
between within and outside of the phone is known as the layer potential.
Particle channel arrangements
Voltage-gated particle channels are shut at the resting potential and open in light of changes in
film voltage. After enactment, they get to be inactivated for a brief period and will no longer
open in light of a flag.
Resting Membrane Potential
For calm cells, the moderately static layer potential is known as the resting film potential. The
resting layer potential is at harmony since it depends on the steady consumption of vitality for its
upkeep. It is commanded by the ionic species in the framework that has the best conductance
over the layer. For most cells, this is potassium. As potassium is additionally the particle with the
most-negative harmony potential, as a rule the resting potential can be not any more negative
than the potassium balance potential.
A neuron very still is adversely charged on the grounds that within a cell is around 70 millivolts
more negative than the outside (70 mV); this number shifts by neuron sort and by species. This
voltage is known as the resting film potential and is created by contrasts in the convergences of
particles inside and outside the cell. In the event that the film were similarly porous to all
particles, every kind of particle woul.
The given buffer is KH2PO4 Na2HPO4Acidic component of the buffer .pdf
The given buffer is KH2PO4 /Na2HPO4
Acidic component of the buffer isH2PO4-
Basic component of the buffer isHPO42-
From the Henderson-Hasselbalch equation:
pH = pKa + log[Base] / [Acid]
pKa refers to the pKa of theacidic component H2PO4-of thebuffer.
H2PO4- (aq) + H2O (l) HPO42- (aq) +H3O+(aq) Ka2 = 6.3 * 10-8
pKa2 = 7.20
pH = 7.20 + log[ HPO42- ] /[H2PO4- ]
7.4 = 7.20 + log[ HPO42- ] /[H2PO4- ]
[ HPO42- ] /[H2PO4- ] = 1.58
[Base] / [Acid] = 1.58
pKa2 = 7.20
pH = 7.20 + log[ HPO42- ] /[H2PO4- ]
7.4 = 7.20 + log[ HPO42- ] /[H2PO4- ]
[ HPO42- ] /[H2PO4- ] = 1.58
[Base] / [Acid] = 1.58
Solution
The given buffer is KH2PO4 /Na2HPO4
Acidic component of the buffer isH2PO4-
Basic component of the buffer isHPO42-
From the Henderson-Hasselbalch equation:
pH = pKa + log[Base] / [Acid]
pKa refers to the pKa of theacidic component H2PO4-of thebuffer.
H2PO4- (aq) + H2O (l) HPO42- (aq) +H3O+(aq) Ka2 = 6.3 * 10-8
pKa2 = 7.20
pH = 7.20 + log[ HPO42- ] /[H2PO4- ]
7.4 = 7.20 + log[ HPO42- ] /[H2PO4- ]
[ HPO42- ] /[H2PO4- ] = 1.58
[Base] / [Acid] = 1.58
pKa2 = 7.20
pH = 7.20 + log[ HPO42- ] /[H2PO4- ]
7.4 = 7.20 + log[ HPO42- ] /[H2PO4- ]
[ HPO42- ] /[H2PO4- ] = 1.58
[Base] / [Acid] = 1.58.
Stiction or adhesion between the substrate (usually silicon based) a.pdf
Stiction or adhesion between the substrate (usually silicon based) and the microstructure occurs
during the isotropic wet etching of the sacrificial layer. The capillary forces due to the surface
tension of the liquid between the microstructure and substrate during drying of the wet etchant
cause the two surfaces to adhere together. Separating the two surfaces is often complicated due
to the fragile nature of the microstructure. Stiction is often circumvented by the use of a
sublimating fluid (often supercritical CO2, which has extremely low surface tension) drying
process where the liquid phase is bypassed. CO2 displaces the rinsing fluid and is heated past the
supercritical point. As the chamber pressure is slowly released the CO2 sublimates thereby
preventing stiction.
Solution
Stiction or adhesion between the substrate (usually silicon based) and the microstructure occurs
during the isotropic wet etching of the sacrificial layer. The capillary forces due to the surface
tension of the liquid between the microstructure and substrate during drying of the wet etchant
cause the two surfaces to adhere together. Separating the two surfaces is often complicated due
to the fragile nature of the microstructure. Stiction is often circumvented by the use of a
sublimating fluid (often supercritical CO2, which has extremely low surface tension) drying
process where the liquid phase is bypassed. CO2 displaces the rinsing fluid and is heated past the
supercritical point. As the chamber pressure is slowly released the CO2 sublimates thereby
preventing stiction..
Marsh Corporation Income Statement For the year ende.pdf
Marsh Corporation Income Statement For the year ended december 31, 2014
Amount ($) Income: Service Revenue A 34600 Expenses: Advertising
Expenses 4410 Rent Expenses 14800 Supplies Expenses 1290 Total Expenses
B 20500 Net Income A-B 14100 Less: Dividend 7300 Retained Earning
6800
Solution
Marsh Corporation Income Statement For the year ended december 31, 2014
Amount ($) Income: Service Revenue A 34600 Expenses: Advertising
Expenses 4410 Rent Expenses 14800 Supplies Expenses 1290 Total Expenses
B 20500 Net Income A-B 14100 Less: Dividend 7300 Retained Earning
6800.
Q1) Create a frequency table for each of the following variables..pdf
The document provides instructions for analyzing several variables from a dataset. It asks to:
1) Create frequency tables for race and political identity variables.
2) Create histograms for age and police contact variables.
3) Calculate measures of central tendency and dispersion for self-control and trust in police variables.
4) Transform school commitment raw scores to z-scores.
Primary prodution is when plants produce their own food and use them.pdf
Primary prodution is when plants produce their own food and use them for their living and
growth. Common primary produces include: grass, milk weed, oxalis.
Primary production helps to maintain the ecosystem, both terrestrial and aquatic. Factors that
involve primary production includes sunlight, air, water.
Living systems produce energy rich organic substances from low energy inorganic substances in
primary production.
Solution
Primary prodution is when plants produce their own food and use them for their living and
growth. Common primary produces include: grass, milk weed, oxalis.
Primary production helps to maintain the ecosystem, both terrestrial and aquatic. Factors that
involve primary production includes sunlight, air, water.
Living systems produce energy rich organic substances from low energy inorganic substances in
primary production..
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