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1. The document describes the major animal phyla and groups, including their defining characteristics and example animals. 2. It divides animals into those with bilateral symmetry like chordates, and those without like sponges and jellyfish. 3. Chordates are further divided into groups like fish, amphibians, reptiles, birds, and mammals. These groups have features like bones, feathers, fur, and live birth.
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The document summarizes key characteristics of various animal phyla, including porifera, cnidaria, platyhelminthes, rotifera, nematoda, mollusca, annelida, arthropoda, echinodermata, and chordata. It describes distinguishing features such as body structure, tissues, digestive systems, circulatory systems, and more. Examples are provided for many major animal groups within each phylum.
Phylum Chordata: Fishes
The document summarizes characteristics of the phylum Chordata including having a hollow nerve chord, notochord, gill slits or pharyngeal pouches, and post-anal tail. It notes Chordata includes vertebrates like fish, amphibians, reptiles, birds, and mammals. It then focuses on fish, describing their aquatic environment, closed circulatory system, tube-like kidneys, sexual dimorphism, and external fertilization. It lists the three classes of fish as jawless lampreys and hagfish, cartilaginous sharks and rays, and bony fish. Key characteristics of each class are outlined.
The Reptiles by Guille 5º A
The document discusses different types of reptiles including snakes, lizards, crocodiles, turtles, and reptiles in general. It provides details on their physical characteristics such as scales, skulls, shells, and eggs. Some reptiles are carnivorous, others are herbivorous, and some are omnivorous. Turtles have a bony or cartilaginous shell and reptiles reproduce through laying eggs.
INVERTEBRATES
Invertebrates are animals without backbones and make up 97% of animal species. They include single-celled and multicellular organisms like sponges, jellyfish, worms, insects and snails. Invertebrates are diverse, ranging from simple organisms lacking organs to complex animals with exoskeletons. They live in various environments including oceans, ponds and soil.
Coelenterata general characters & classification
Coelenterata is a phylum of aquatic animals that includes jellyfish, corals, sea anemones and hydroids. They are diploblastic with two main cell layers, a gelatinous mesoglea in between, and stinging nematocysts. They exhibit radial or biradial symmetry and polymorphism. Reproduction can occur asexually through budding or sexually through external fertilization and a planula larva stage. The phylum is divided into three classes: Hydrozoa, Scyphozoa, and Anthozoa.
Animals
This document provides a classification of animal phyla and groups. It includes 10 animal phyla - Porifera, Cnidaria, Platyhelminthes, Rotifera, Mollusca, Annelida, Nematoda, Arthropoda, Echinodermata, and Chordata. Within Chordata it further divides the groups into Cephalochordata, Urochordata, Agnathans, Gnathostomes, Chondricthyans, Osteichthyans, which include Ray-Finned Fish and Lobe-Finned Fish. It also lists Amphibia, Amniotes including Reptiles and Turtles, Birds, Mammals, and
PHYLUM ANNELIDA.ppt
This document summarizes the characteristics of the phylum Annelida. Annelida are segmented worms with a coelom and closed circulatory system. They are divided into three main classes: Polychaeta, which have many bristles and parapodia; Oligochaeta, which have few bristles and include earthworms; and Hirudinea, or leeches, which are dorsoventrally flattened blood feeders. Key characteristics include metameric segmentation, a well-developed nervous system, and excretory and digestive systems adapted for their lifestyles.
Agnathaandchondrichthyes
The document discusses the evolution of early vertebrates from jawless fishes to jawed fishes. It describes the characteristics of modern and extinct Agnathans (jawless) like hagfish and lampreys, including their filter feeding and parasitic behaviors. Chondrichthyes (cartilaginous fishes) such as sharks, rays and chimaeras are discussed next, noting they lack bone and have placoid scales and advanced sensory systems. Key trends in vertebrate evolution included the development of the vertebral column, jaws, paired fins, and gills.
Invertebrates and chordates
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Kingdom Animalia - Invertebrates
The document provides an overview of invertebrate animal classification, describing key characteristics of major phyla. It discusses porifera, cnidarians, flatworms, nematodes, annelids, molluscs, arthropods, and echinoderms. For each group, it describes anatomy, examples of types of animals in the group, and sometimes life cycles or additional details.
PhylumChordataIntroductionGeneralfeaturesStructure.ppt
The chordates are a phylum that includes vertebrates as well as some non-vertebrate subphyla like tunicates and lancelets. Chordates are defined by five characteristics - a notochord, dorsal nerve cord, pharyngeal pouches/slits, endostyle/thyroid gland, and postanal tail. While some chordate lineages retain these traits as adults, in others like vertebrates the notochord is replaced by a vertebral column in embryos. Chordates are further divided into protostomes and deuterostomes based on their early embryonic development.
LIVING ORGANISMS AND THEIR SPECIES
1. The document describes the phylum Chordata, which includes animals with a notochord, dorsal nerve cord, and pharyngeal slits.
2. Chordata is divided into Protochordata and Vertebrata. Protochordata includes Urochordata and Cephalochordata. Vertebrata includes Agnatha and Gnathostomata.
3. The classes within Gnathostomata are described, including characteristics of Chondrichthyes, Osteichthyes, Amphibia, Reptilia, Aves, and Mammalia.
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Animals key
- 1. Name: _____________________________________________ Date: __________________ Animals Animal Phyla Other Groups Group Name Example Animals Defining Characteristics Bilateria (includes below) Chordates Bilateral symmetry. Cephalochordata Lancelets A persistent notochord and head region. Urochordata Tunicates A cellulose tunic. Agnathans Lampreys and hagfishes Vertebrates without jaws, no paired appendages. Gnathostomes Sharks, amphibians, reptiles, birds, mammals, etc. Vertebrates with jaws. Phylum Example Animals Coelom? Defining Characteristics Porifera Sponges Acoelomate Filter feeders, sessile, spongocoel cavity (water in through porocytes, into spongocoel, out through osculum). Cnidaria Jellies, anemones, coral Acoelomate Sessile polyps or motile medusa, gastrovascular cavity, stinging cells, hydrostatic skeleton. Platyhelminthes Flatworms (trematodes, tapeworms, planarians) Acoelomate Compressed bodies, single mouth/anus. Rotifera Rotifers Pseudocoelomate A mouth lined with cilia and simple jaws. Mollusca Snails, slugs, oysters, clams, octopuses, squids Coelomate Foot (movement), mantle (shell), visceral mass (body) Annelida Segmented worms (leeches, earthworms) Coelomate Segmented body sections, hydrostatic skeleton. Nematoda Roundworms Pseudocoelomate No segments, exoskeleton. Arthropoda Insects, arachnids, crustaceans Coelomate Three-segmented body with open circulatory system/hemolymph, jointed appendages; most numerous. Echinodermata Sea stars, urchins, sea cucumbers, sand dollars Coelomate Spiny exoskeleton, radial symmetry, water vascular system, hydrostatic skeleton. Chordata Mammals, reptiles, tunicates, lancelets, etc. Coelomate Notochord, dorsal hollow nerve cord.
- 2. Name: _____________________________________________ Date: __________________ Animals Gnathostomes Group Name Example Animals Defining Characteristics Chondricthyans Sharks and rays Cartilaginous skeleton. Osteichthyans Ray-finned fish and lobe-finned fish Bone instead of cartilage. Osteichthyans Group Name Example Animals Defining Characteristics Ray-Finned Fish Sturgeon, cod, trout, carp, mudskippers Bony rays in fins, two-chambered hearts. Lobe-Finned Fish Lungfish and coelacanths Muscular lobed fins that may help them “walk” on the ocean floor, two-chambered heart. Amphibians Group Name Example Animals Defining Characteristics Amphibia Frogs, salamanders, caecilians Breathe through skin, lay eggs and develop in water, three-chambered heart, ectothermic. Amniotes Group Name Example Animals Defining Characteristics Reptiles (includes Turtles) Snakes, turtles, lizards, crocodilians, tuataras Keratin scales, internal fertilization, ectothermic, three-chambered heart. Turtles Turtles, tortoises Shells. Birds Parrots, ostrich, chickens Endothermic, four-chambered heart, feathers, wings, hollow bones. Mammals Dogs, whales, echidnas, humans Hair, specialized teeth, ear flaps, live birth, four- chambered heart, milk production. Primates Group Name Example Animals Defining Characteristics Primates Lemurs, monkeys, apes, humans Opposable thumbs, nails, good depth perception.