Android is an open source operating system developed by the Open Handset Alliance led by Google. It was first released in 2007 and is used widely in smartphones, tablets, and other devices. The version history began with Android 1.0 in 2008 and has continued through several versions coded by dessert names up to the current Android 10. Android provides advantages like a large developer community, multitasking capabilities, and access to apps and notifications, but also has disadvantages such as potential for battery drain, malware, and requiring a Gmail account.