1. Politecnico di Milano
XV European Conference "Refrigeration and
Air Conditioning", 7th-8th June 2013
Andrea Voigt, EPEE
a.voigt@epeeglobal.org
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2. Challenging times ahead…
Dr. Fatih Birol, IEA Chief Economist at the launch of
World Energy Outlook 2012 in Brussels:
“Policy makers face critical
choices in reconciling energy,
environmental & economic
objectives”
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3. EPEE: The full value chain of the
Refrigeration, Air Conditioning and Heat Pump Sector
A major part of the European RAC & HP industry
• > 200,000 direct employees in Europe
• > € 30 billion turnover in Europe
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4. EPEE’s main fields of activities
• Promote Energy Efficiency
– Ecodesign Directive
– Energy Efficiency Directive
– Eco Label and Energy Label
– Energy Performance of Buildings Directive
– Renewable Energies Directive …
• The F-Gas Regulation and its revision
– Maintain and strengthen the F-Gas Regulation
– Support a technically and economically feasible phase-down
• Raise awareness on Market Surveillance
– Importance of properly enforcing and policing legislation
• Promote an HVACR association network at EU level 3

5. EPEE in Europe
1. Small – medium –
large size
entreprises
2. Over 200,000
direct employees
3. Production
throughout
Europe
4. Using all types of
refrigerants

6. Why a revision of the F-Gas Regulation?
• The EU low carbon roadmap aims for
72% emission reduction for F-
Gases, Methane, N2O in 2030
• The existing F-Gas Regulation is
expected to stabilise emissions at
today‘s level
• To achieve the goals of the low
carbon roadmap more action is
needed
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7. The need for reliable data
EPEE funded two studies:
– French ERIE / ARMINES and British SKM Enviros research
institutes
Main Focus on Refrigeration, Air-Conditioning and
Heat Pump Market (RAC):
– 80% of total F-Gas emissions
– Analysis of 7 main sectors, 43 subsectors and 14 alternatives
to currently used refrigerants.
Other key applications:
– Technical & medical aerosols, foam blowing, fire protection
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8. Two Studies – Coherent Conclusions
Refrigerant Bank – 1990 to 2010
CFC and HCFC phase-out:
less CO2-eq. emissions
despite market growth
ERIE/ARMINES and SKM Enviros
both state that:
• The refrigerant bank (in metric
tonnes) more than doubled
between 1990 and 2010
• Expressed in million tonnes of
CO2-eq, the bank decreased by
>10%
• Emissions (in million tonnes of
CO2-eq) decreased by > 10%
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Source: Erie / Armines, 2011

9. Two Studies – Coherent Conclusions
BAU emission reduction scenarios – 2010 to 2030
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BAU: > 15% emission reduction vs. 2010
• Based on full implementation of F-Gas Regulation & current trends
• 140 million tonnes of CO2-eq emissions in 2010
• 20 million tonnes CO2-eq emission savings in 2030 vs. 2010
Source: SKM Enviros, 2012Source: Erie / Armines, 2011

10. Two Studies – Coherent Conclusions
Commercial Refrigeration – a great potential
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1990 2000 2010 2020 2030 2040
BAU: 20 % emission reduction in 2030 vs. 2010
• Market: Lower GWP alternatives have already been introduced
• GWP: Quick gains in terms of emission reduction by retrofills
• Leakage: Benefits from full implementation of the F-Gas Regulation
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10
20
30
40
50
60
70
80
F Direct GHG Emissions Mtonnes CO2
Commercial Refrigeration, Scenario A, EU27
Source: SKM Enviros, 2012Source: Erie / Armines, 2011

11. Two Studies – Coherent Conclusions
Maximum emission reduction scenarios – 2010 to 2030
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Maximum scenarios: > 60% emission reduction
• Both maximum scenarios currently not achievable as they are based on wide
introduction of mildly flammable refrigerants
• 90 million tonnes CO2-eq emission savings in 2030 vs. 2010
Source: SKM Enviros, 2012Source: Erie / Armines, 2011

12. What is really achievable in RAC ?
Much more than „Business as Usual“!
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20
40
60
80
100
120
140
160
180
200
1990 2000 2010 2020 2030 2040
Emission
reduction of:
- 50% vs. 2010
74 million tonnes
CO2-eq. including
ODS
50 million tonnes
CO2-eq. only HFCs
Source: SKM Enviros, 2012
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-50 Mt
-74 Mt

13. How ?
Based on SKM Enviros and Armines / Erie:
By improved F-Gas rules
30% HFC consumption
reduction in 2020
Re-assessment
65% HFC consumption
reduction in 2030 12

14. What does the Commission propose (Nov 2012)?
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Phase-down
HFC
Consumption
reduction
Year 2020:
-37%
Year 2030:
-79%
Bans
Refrigerants
with a Global
Warming
Potential
> 2500
HFCs in
hermetically
sealed
products
Pre-Charging
Containment &
Competence
Regular leakage
checks
Certification and
training for
installers
EU Climate Goals

15. … and the other EU Institutions?
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The EU Parliament:
Co-decides
Elections in 2014
Very high level of ambition
Members of Parliament want „quick
wins“ to secure their re-election:
• HFC bans in stationary a/c and
refrigeration as of 2020
• Very steep phase-down
• Service & Maintenance ban as of
2017
The Council of the EU:
Co-decides
Difficult economic situation
Lower level of ambition
Gap within the Council between level
of amibition in the North and the
South / Central EU

16. EPEE supports the Commission‘s rationale…
… provided that:
1. The phase-down steps are softened to
achieve a 65% reduction and the
baseline is adjusted. (Annex V)
2. High global warming potential
refrigerants are allowed to be used for
service & maintenance in small systems
below 40tons of CO2-eq and very low
temperature applications <-50°C (Art.
11.3)
3. Recycled refrigerants can be used
without restriction (Art. 11.3)
4. Pre-charged equipment becomes part of
the quota system (Art. 12) 15
Protects
Health, Safety, Energy
Efficiency
Protects SMEs
Addresses major part of
emissions
Ensures recovery
Prevents emissions
Promotes EU business
Saveguards phase-down

17. Adjustment of the phase-down baseline
Why and how?
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0%
20%
40%
60%
80%
100%
120%
COM proposal EPEE proposal
Adjustement for HFCs
contained in pre-charged
equipment
Adjustment for HCFCs
contained in existing
equipment
Total quantity of HFCs
produced and imported in
the EU during 2008 to
2011 (Commission
proposal)
Starting point for phase-down reduction steps in 2015

18. EPEE is concerned about
the EU Parliament‘s proposals
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Energy Efficiency, Safety & Affordability
will be jeopardized, by:
1. A too steep phase-down
2. A too early entry into force of the service &
maintenance ban
3. Arbitrary bans on stationary a/c and
refrigeration equipment
4. A ban on pre-charging of equipment
5. A single environmental legal base

19. What happens next?
Earliest possible adoption beginning of 2014
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EU
Commission
EU
Parliament
Council of EU
DG Climate
initiates proposal
Other DGs need
to approve
Proposal adopted
Nov 2013
ENVI Committee
Vote: 19 June
Plenary vote:
Q4 2013 / Q1 2014
COREPER
Ministers of EU
member states
DG = Directorate General
ENVI = Environment
COREPER = Committee of permanent representatives
Progress report:
18 June

20. What can you do?
Engage with national decision makers:
• Input into the position of your national
government – ministry of
environment, economy
Engage with European decision makers:
• Members of the European Parliament are
also elected in your country – and they want
to be reelected. Talk to them!
Speak with one voice:
• Coordinate your input with other
associations at national level and at EU level.
• Coordinate with us!
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21. Contact details:
EPEE
46 Avenue des Arts
1000 Brussels, Belgium
email: a.voigt@epeeglobal.org
Web: www.epeeglobal.org
Thank you very much for your
attention !
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