comprehensive ppt on venous anatomy

2. VEINS OF LOWER LIMB
SUPERFICIAL VEINS
DEEP VEINS
PERFORATORS

3. SUPERFICIAL VEINS
Carry about 10% of the blood
Consist of mainly two veins
Great saphenous vein
Small saphenous vein
Drain the skin and tissues superficial to
deep fascia

4. GREAT SAPHENOUS VEIN
Starts from the medial limb of dorsal venous
arch
Ascends anterior to the medial malleolus,
crosses and then ascends medial to the knee
joint
Empties into the Common Femoral vein after
passing through the Fossa ovalis
Below the knee it is in close relation to the
saphenous nerve

5. Course of
Great saphenous vein

6. Termination of great saphenous vein

7. GREAT SAPHENOUS VEIN
TRIBUTARIES
Anterior vein of leg
Posterior arch vein (Leonardo da Vinci vein)
Medial and lateral accessory saphenous vein
Superficial external Pudendal vein
Superficial Epigastric vein
Superficial circumflex iliac vein

8. TRIBUTARIES OF
GREAT SAPHENOUS VEIN IN THE LEG
POSTERIOR ARCH
VEIN
Anterior vein of leg
SAPHENOUS N.

9. TRIBUTARIES OF
GREAT SAPHENOUS VEIN IN THE THIGH
SUPERFICIAL CIRCUMFLEX
ILIAC
LATERAL ACC. SAPHENOUS
SUP.EXT. PUDENDAL
MED. ACC. SAPHENOUS
SUP. EPIGASTRIC

10. SMALL SAPHENOUS VEIN
Starts below the lateral malleolus from the
lateral limb of dorsal venous arch
First ascends along the lateral margin of
Tendocalcaneus, then along the back of the
leg and perforate the deep fascia in the lower
border of Popliteal fossa
Terminates by joining the Popliteal vein
Termination of this vein is variable and can
lie from 2cm below the knee to 15cm above
the knee
It is in close relation to the Sural nerve below
the mid calf level

11. SMALL SAPHENOUS
VEIN
Communicating branch to great
saphenous
SMALL SAPHENOUS VEIN
SURAL NERVE

12. NERVES
Saphenous N

13. DEEP VEINS
Carry most of the venous return from the lower limb
The principal veins of the deep venous system are
Posterior tibial veins (paired)
Anterior tibial veins (paired)
Peroneal veins (paired)
Popliteal vein
Superficial femoral vein
Profunda femoris vein
Common femoral vein

14. DEEP VEINS
Posterior tibial veins
Peroneal veins
Popliteal vein
Sup.fem v.
Ant.Tibialv.

15. Muscular venous sinusoids
Present in the Soleus muscle
Communicate with both the superficial and
deep veins
On contraction of the muscle empty into the
deep veins aided by the valves

16. PERFORATORS
There are more than 60 perforators in the
lower limb
Named so because they perforate the deep
fascia
Connect the superficial with the deep veins
Contain valves which allow the blood flow
from superficial to deep veins only

17. PERFORATORS

18. PERFORATORS
PRINCIPAL PERFORATORS OF THE LOWER
LIMB ARE
May 0r Kuster
From long saphenous vein to Posterior tibial
vein and Plantar veins
Cockett
From Posterior arch vein to Posterior tibial
veins and muscle venous sinusoids

19. PERFORATORS
BOYD
Below the knee perforators
Connect the long saphenous vein with the
gastrocnemius veins
DODD
Present between the intermediate and lower
thirds of thigh
connects the great saphenous with the
superficial femoral vein

20. PERFORATORS
DODD
COCKETT
BOYD

21. VALVES
Ensure proximal flow in
the veins
Number increases with
increase in distance from
the heart
Absent in common iliac
and IVC