Linen is a textile made from fibers of the flax plant. Linen garments are valued for their exceptional coolness and absorbency. The manufacturing process of linen involves several steps - harvesting, retting, scutching, combing, spinning, weaving, and finishing. Major Indian brands of linen include BSL Limited, Aditya Birla Group, Jaya Shree Textiles, and Ka-Sha. These brands focus on using 100% linen, customization, being an integrated producer, ethical practices, and reasonable prices. Leading linen shirt brands in India emphasize quality fabrics, affordability, craftsmanship, and partnering with suppliers that prioritize quality.
Flax is a widely cultivated plant with pale blue flowers and slender stems containing textile fibers. The fibers are made into linen fabric through harvesting, processing, and weaving. Flax fiber production has a history of over 5000 years and was used by ancient Egyptians. Flax fabric is 100% natural with properties like quick drying, UV protection, and antibacterial/antifungal qualities. However, it can be easily ignited and deteriorates with heat and steam. Flax farming has environmental benefits from less fertilizer and pesticide use. Flax fabric is strong and durable with qualities like some types of steel. It is used for items like curtains, bed linen, upholstery and dressings.
Wool is a natural protein fiber obtained from sheep and other animals. It has unique properties such as breathability, moisture wicking, and flame resistance that make it suitable for clothing and other textiles. Australia is the largest producer of wool, followed by China, United States, New Zealand, and others. Wool fibers have scales, crimp, elasticity and absorb moisture which allow wool fabrics to feel warm and comfortable. There are various types of wool classified by origin such as merino, cashmere, and mohair that differ in fineness and other qualities.
Silk is a natural protein fiber produced by silkworms. The two main types are cultivated and wild silk. Cultivated silk comes primarily from China and Japan and is lighter and more lustrous. Silk production involves boiling cocoons to unwind the filaments, which are then spun into yarns. The yarns are woven or knitted before removing the natural gum coating. Silk has a high tensile strength, moderate elasticity, and absorbs moisture well without feeling wet. It is used for luxury apparel, home textiles, and medical sutures due to its strength, luster, and comfortable hand.
The document discusses several types of plant fibers:
- Linen is a textile made from flax fibers and is one of the oldest textiles. It is strong, absorbent, and dries faster than cotton.
- Jute is a bast fiber that can be spun into coarse, strong threads. It is one of the most important vegetable fibers and is environmentally friendly.
- Hemp is an important fiber for textiles, paper, rope and oil production. It is longer, stronger and more absorbent than cotton.
- Ramie is a bast fiber native to China. It has had limited acceptance due to the expensive extraction and cleaning processes required. It is used to make industrial thread,
Now Tie dyeing is become very popular. It is same as that of batik printing but here the dye is resisted by knots that are tied in the cloth before it is immersed in dye bath. The outside of the knotted portion is dyed, but inside is not penetrated if the knot is firmly tied. This gives a characteristic blurred or mottled effect.
Braiding involves interlacing three or more yarns or strips diagonally to form flat or tubular fabrics. There are two main types of braids: circular/tubular braids formed around a central core, and flat braids made of narrow strips. Circular braiding machines have an even number of carriers that rotate in opposite directions, interlacing the yarns to form a tubular braid. The size of the braid depends on factors like yarn diameter and number of yarns. Braids are used for industrial belts, ropes, electrical wires and cables, and aircraft components.
Macramé craft techniques are gaining popularity again. Designers and craft workshops are teaching macramé skills. Vintage 1970s macramé pieces look modern in contemporary homes. Some crafters recreate vintage patterns while others give macramé a modern twist through simplified shapes and colors. Macramé is now used for plant hangers, wall hangings, lighting, furniture, and accessories. Playing with scale, from small wall hangings to large art installations, also gives macramé a contemporary feel.
Linen is a textile made from fibers of the flax plant. Linen garments are valued for their exceptional coolness and absorbency. The manufacturing process of linen involves several steps - harvesting, retting, scutching, combing, spinning, weaving, and finishing. Major Indian brands of linen include BSL Limited, Aditya Birla Group, Jaya Shree Textiles, and Ka-Sha. These brands focus on using 100% linen, customization, being an integrated producer, ethical practices, and reasonable prices. Leading linen shirt brands in India emphasize quality fabrics, affordability, craftsmanship, and partnering with suppliers that prioritize quality.
Flax is a widely cultivated plant with pale blue flowers and slender stems containing textile fibers. The fibers are made into linen fabric through harvesting, processing, and weaving. Flax fiber production has a history of over 5000 years and was used by ancient Egyptians. Flax fabric is 100% natural with properties like quick drying, UV protection, and antibacterial/antifungal qualities. However, it can be easily ignited and deteriorates with heat and steam. Flax farming has environmental benefits from less fertilizer and pesticide use. Flax fabric is strong and durable with qualities like some types of steel. It is used for items like curtains, bed linen, upholstery and dressings.
Wool is a natural protein fiber obtained from sheep and other animals. It has unique properties such as breathability, moisture wicking, and flame resistance that make it suitable for clothing and other textiles. Australia is the largest producer of wool, followed by China, United States, New Zealand, and others. Wool fibers have scales, crimp, elasticity and absorb moisture which allow wool fabrics to feel warm and comfortable. There are various types of wool classified by origin such as merino, cashmere, and mohair that differ in fineness and other qualities.
Silk is a natural protein fiber produced by silkworms. The two main types are cultivated and wild silk. Cultivated silk comes primarily from China and Japan and is lighter and more lustrous. Silk production involves boiling cocoons to unwind the filaments, which are then spun into yarns. The yarns are woven or knitted before removing the natural gum coating. Silk has a high tensile strength, moderate elasticity, and absorbs moisture well without feeling wet. It is used for luxury apparel, home textiles, and medical sutures due to its strength, luster, and comfortable hand.
The document discusses several types of plant fibers:
- Linen is a textile made from flax fibers and is one of the oldest textiles. It is strong, absorbent, and dries faster than cotton.
- Jute is a bast fiber that can be spun into coarse, strong threads. It is one of the most important vegetable fibers and is environmentally friendly.
- Hemp is an important fiber for textiles, paper, rope and oil production. It is longer, stronger and more absorbent than cotton.
- Ramie is a bast fiber native to China. It has had limited acceptance due to the expensive extraction and cleaning processes required. It is used to make industrial thread,
Now Tie dyeing is become very popular. It is same as that of batik printing but here the dye is resisted by knots that are tied in the cloth before it is immersed in dye bath. The outside of the knotted portion is dyed, but inside is not penetrated if the knot is firmly tied. This gives a characteristic blurred or mottled effect.
Braiding involves interlacing three or more yarns or strips diagonally to form flat or tubular fabrics. There are two main types of braids: circular/tubular braids formed around a central core, and flat braids made of narrow strips. Circular braiding machines have an even number of carriers that rotate in opposite directions, interlacing the yarns to form a tubular braid. The size of the braid depends on factors like yarn diameter and number of yarns. Braids are used for industrial belts, ropes, electrical wires and cables, and aircraft components.
Macramé craft techniques are gaining popularity again. Designers and craft workshops are teaching macramé skills. Vintage 1970s macramé pieces look modern in contemporary homes. Some crafters recreate vintage patterns while others give macramé a modern twist through simplified shapes and colors. Macramé is now used for plant hangers, wall hangings, lighting, furniture, and accessories. Playing with scale, from small wall hangings to large art installations, also gives macramé a contemporary feel.
Block printing is a traditional method of printing patterns on fabric using carved wooden blocks. It is a slow process but can produce highly artistic results. Different regions in Rajasthan, India are known for specific block printing styles that use distinctive techniques, motifs, and natural dyes. However, the craft is facing challenges of low production volumes, preservation of traditional designs, and pollution issues.
Muslin is a lightweight cotton fabric that originated in Bengal, Bangladesh. It was finely woven with threads so thin that six yards could pass through a ring. Bengal muslin was renowned for its transparency, softness, and quality. There were over 15 classifications of muslin based on fineness. The British suppressed the muslin industry through high taxes and torturing weavers, such as cutting off thumbs, to stop production and promote their own cotton goods. While the techniques were lost, jamdani weaving has helped preserve some muslin traditions in Bangladesh. Modern uses of muslin include clothing for babies, bandages, and quilting materials. Efforts are underway to revive production of traditional muslin fabrics.
Textile designing involves applying patterns and designs to fabric surfaces. There are several techniques for constructing and decorating fabric, including weaving, knitting, printing, and dyeing. Common printing methods are hand block printing, roller printing, screen printing, and 3D printing, which apply colored designs to fabric. Dyeing techniques like tie-dye, resist dyeing, and discharge dyeing impart patterns by controlling how the fabric is immersed in dye baths or preventing dye from reaching all areas.
The document discusses textile finishing processes. It begins by introducing textiles and their basic components and materials. It then describes the major departments of textiles - spinning, weaving, and wet-processing. Wet-processing involves pretreatments like scouring and bleaching, dyeing and printing, and finishing treatments like calendaring to impart properties like softness and durability. Specific mechanical finishing processes are also outlined, including sueding, raising, shearing, and decating. Calendaring is discussed in detail as a process that smoothes fabrics and modifies properties.
Ajrak is a traditional block printing technique used in parts of India and Pakistan to print intricate patterns on fabric. The process is labor intensive and involves multiple steps of soaking, drying, resist application and dyeing to create the designs. Ballotra in India is well-known for its high quality Ajrak printing due to the availability of good water needed. The designs are printed on both sides of the fabric simultaneously using natural dyes in a process called double-sided block printing. Ajrak printing is considered an important part of Sindhi culture and the traditional craft is facing threats due to modernization.
The document summarizes the process of silk manufacturing from cultivating silkworm cocoons through producing silk yarn. It describes how silkworms are bred and fed mulberry leaves, which causes them to spin cocoons. The cocoons are then sorted, dried, and graded. Acceptable cocoons undergo filature operations where the silk filament is reeled from the cocoon, producing raw silk. The raw silk can then be further processed into yarns or fabrics.
Home textiles are textile products used in households for both functional and aesthetic purposes. They include sheets, pillowcases, blankets, terry towels, table cloths, and carpets/rugs. These products are made from various natural and synthetic fabrics like cotton, polyester, linen, and wool. They serve important functions like absorbing moisture, providing warmth, decorating interior spaces, and insulating from heat and sound. Manufacturers aim to make these durable and easy to care for through properties like stain resistance, flame retardancy, and resistance to pilling and snagging.
The document discusses various types of functional finishes for textiles, including antimicrobial, antistatic, crease resistant, durable press, flame resistant, soil release, and water and stain repellent finishes. It provides details on the objectives, methods, benefits, and requirements of antimicrobial finishes. It also explains the mechanisms and methods of application for antistatic and crease resistant finishes.
The document discusses different natural and synthetic fibers used in textiles including cotton, silk, wool, jute, nylon, and flax. Cotton comes from cotton plants and has a soft, fluffy staple fiber. Silk is produced by silkworms to form cocoons and is valuable for fine fabrics. Wool comes from sheep and has crimped fibers that are elastic and grow in staples. Jute is a soft, shiny vegetable fiber produced from plants. Nylon is a synthetic polyamide fiber. Flax is extracted from the flax plant, an annual plant growing up to 1.2 meters tall.
This document summarizes the key details about linen, including its production from flax plants, physical and chemical properties, and common uses. Linen fibers are extracted from the stem of the flax plant through retting and scutching. The fibers are then spun into yarns and woven or knitted into fabrics. Linen has good strength but low elasticity. It is resistant to acids, alkalis, and bleaching agents. Common applications of linen include clothing, curtains, bed linens, and tablecloths due to its strength and comfort.
The document summarizes various types of textile finishing processes. It discusses classifications of finishing based on the nature of finish, degree of permanence, and performance. It then provides examples and brief explanations of common finishing processes like optical finishing, compacting, calendaring, brushing, raising, napping, shearing, resin finish, softener treatment, water repellent finish, and anti-microbial finish. The objectives and mechanisms of different finishes are also outlined.
The document discusses different types of mannequins used to display clothing, including realistic, semi-realistic, abstract, and headless mannequins. It also covers alternatives to mannequins like three-quarter forms, soft-sculpted figures, and dress forms. Key factors in selecting mannequins include the target customer, store image, merchandise, and presentation theme. Proper dressing and positioning of mannequins is important to showcase outfits effectively.
Bagru, a village in Rajasthan located 32 km from Jaipur, has a centuries-old tradition of hand block printing textiles. The village is home to the Chhipa community who have practiced block printing for over 450 years using wood blocks and natural dyes to produce colorful patterns and designs that became identifying marks for Hindu castes. The traditional process of block printing in Bagru involves scouring, tanning, printing with mordants like iron and alum, aging, washing, dyeing with alizarin to fix colors, and sun bleaching to produce vibrant prints.
Sustainable fashion aims to create environmentally friendly and socially responsible systems. Conventional clothing production can harm the environment through water pollution from pesticides and dyes, emissions from synthetic fibers and transportation, and filling landfills when clothes are discarded. Materials like modal rayon are made from processed beechwood but can release formaldehyde and cause allergic reactions in some people. Fur farming produces animal waste that pollutes waterways with nitrogen and phosphorus while processing involves harmful chemicals. Garment manufacturing has issues with long work hours, unsafe conditions, harassment, restrictions on unions and supply chain pressures that compromise worker welfare. Alternatives promote fair trade, child labor-free and eco-friendly options.
Hand loom presentation For Textile Student By MD Sumsuzzoha BappyMdSumsuzzohaBappy
It Has been prepared for Know About hand loom On Textile student and all other person...i wish It work on any person.Obviously it helping on another people and very helpful to us...
every natural fiber has unique textile property like Strength elongation and length. these properties are important for making yarn and fabric in the textile industry.
Fabric finishes are applied after fabric production to improve appearance, feel, or properties. Aesthetic finishes influence texture, luster, drape, and hand. Calendering uses rollers to impart finishes like glazing, moire, or embossing. Other techniques include brushing, shearing, and flocking to modify texture. Functional finishes provide benefits like wrinkle resistance or stain release. A fabric's fiber content and construction determine suitable finishing methods.
This document discusses different types of fibers including their definitions and common uses. It covers natural fibers like cotton, flax, wool, jute, silk and camel hair as well as synthetic/man-made fibers such as polyester, nylon, acrylic, carbon, rayon, and spandex. For each fiber, it provides a brief definition and lists its most common applications in textiles, clothing, home goods, and other industrial products.
Wool is the dense, warm coat of sheep. It has unique properties like being crimped, elastic, and growing in staples that make it well-suited for textile production. Wool is favored for textiles because it is easy to work with and takes dye well. The production process involves shearing wool from sheep, washing and sorting it, picking out burrs, carding and dyeing the wool, and spinning it into yarns. Wool is commonly used to make garments but also has other uses like insulation, carpeting, and upholstery.
Block printing is a traditional method of printing patterns on fabric using carved wooden blocks. It is a slow process but can produce highly artistic results. Different regions in Rajasthan, India are known for specific block printing styles that use distinctive techniques, motifs, and natural dyes. However, the craft is facing challenges of low production volumes, preservation of traditional designs, and pollution issues.
Muslin is a lightweight cotton fabric that originated in Bengal, Bangladesh. It was finely woven with threads so thin that six yards could pass through a ring. Bengal muslin was renowned for its transparency, softness, and quality. There were over 15 classifications of muslin based on fineness. The British suppressed the muslin industry through high taxes and torturing weavers, such as cutting off thumbs, to stop production and promote their own cotton goods. While the techniques were lost, jamdani weaving has helped preserve some muslin traditions in Bangladesh. Modern uses of muslin include clothing for babies, bandages, and quilting materials. Efforts are underway to revive production of traditional muslin fabrics.
Textile designing involves applying patterns and designs to fabric surfaces. There are several techniques for constructing and decorating fabric, including weaving, knitting, printing, and dyeing. Common printing methods are hand block printing, roller printing, screen printing, and 3D printing, which apply colored designs to fabric. Dyeing techniques like tie-dye, resist dyeing, and discharge dyeing impart patterns by controlling how the fabric is immersed in dye baths or preventing dye from reaching all areas.
The document discusses textile finishing processes. It begins by introducing textiles and their basic components and materials. It then describes the major departments of textiles - spinning, weaving, and wet-processing. Wet-processing involves pretreatments like scouring and bleaching, dyeing and printing, and finishing treatments like calendaring to impart properties like softness and durability. Specific mechanical finishing processes are also outlined, including sueding, raising, shearing, and decating. Calendaring is discussed in detail as a process that smoothes fabrics and modifies properties.
Ajrak is a traditional block printing technique used in parts of India and Pakistan to print intricate patterns on fabric. The process is labor intensive and involves multiple steps of soaking, drying, resist application and dyeing to create the designs. Ballotra in India is well-known for its high quality Ajrak printing due to the availability of good water needed. The designs are printed on both sides of the fabric simultaneously using natural dyes in a process called double-sided block printing. Ajrak printing is considered an important part of Sindhi culture and the traditional craft is facing threats due to modernization.
The document summarizes the process of silk manufacturing from cultivating silkworm cocoons through producing silk yarn. It describes how silkworms are bred and fed mulberry leaves, which causes them to spin cocoons. The cocoons are then sorted, dried, and graded. Acceptable cocoons undergo filature operations where the silk filament is reeled from the cocoon, producing raw silk. The raw silk can then be further processed into yarns or fabrics.
Home textiles are textile products used in households for both functional and aesthetic purposes. They include sheets, pillowcases, blankets, terry towels, table cloths, and carpets/rugs. These products are made from various natural and synthetic fabrics like cotton, polyester, linen, and wool. They serve important functions like absorbing moisture, providing warmth, decorating interior spaces, and insulating from heat and sound. Manufacturers aim to make these durable and easy to care for through properties like stain resistance, flame retardancy, and resistance to pilling and snagging.
The document discusses various types of functional finishes for textiles, including antimicrobial, antistatic, crease resistant, durable press, flame resistant, soil release, and water and stain repellent finishes. It provides details on the objectives, methods, benefits, and requirements of antimicrobial finishes. It also explains the mechanisms and methods of application for antistatic and crease resistant finishes.
The document discusses different natural and synthetic fibers used in textiles including cotton, silk, wool, jute, nylon, and flax. Cotton comes from cotton plants and has a soft, fluffy staple fiber. Silk is produced by silkworms to form cocoons and is valuable for fine fabrics. Wool comes from sheep and has crimped fibers that are elastic and grow in staples. Jute is a soft, shiny vegetable fiber produced from plants. Nylon is a synthetic polyamide fiber. Flax is extracted from the flax plant, an annual plant growing up to 1.2 meters tall.
This document summarizes the key details about linen, including its production from flax plants, physical and chemical properties, and common uses. Linen fibers are extracted from the stem of the flax plant through retting and scutching. The fibers are then spun into yarns and woven or knitted into fabrics. Linen has good strength but low elasticity. It is resistant to acids, alkalis, and bleaching agents. Common applications of linen include clothing, curtains, bed linens, and tablecloths due to its strength and comfort.
The document summarizes various types of textile finishing processes. It discusses classifications of finishing based on the nature of finish, degree of permanence, and performance. It then provides examples and brief explanations of common finishing processes like optical finishing, compacting, calendaring, brushing, raising, napping, shearing, resin finish, softener treatment, water repellent finish, and anti-microbial finish. The objectives and mechanisms of different finishes are also outlined.
The document discusses different types of mannequins used to display clothing, including realistic, semi-realistic, abstract, and headless mannequins. It also covers alternatives to mannequins like three-quarter forms, soft-sculpted figures, and dress forms. Key factors in selecting mannequins include the target customer, store image, merchandise, and presentation theme. Proper dressing and positioning of mannequins is important to showcase outfits effectively.
Bagru, a village in Rajasthan located 32 km from Jaipur, has a centuries-old tradition of hand block printing textiles. The village is home to the Chhipa community who have practiced block printing for over 450 years using wood blocks and natural dyes to produce colorful patterns and designs that became identifying marks for Hindu castes. The traditional process of block printing in Bagru involves scouring, tanning, printing with mordants like iron and alum, aging, washing, dyeing with alizarin to fix colors, and sun bleaching to produce vibrant prints.
Sustainable fashion aims to create environmentally friendly and socially responsible systems. Conventional clothing production can harm the environment through water pollution from pesticides and dyes, emissions from synthetic fibers and transportation, and filling landfills when clothes are discarded. Materials like modal rayon are made from processed beechwood but can release formaldehyde and cause allergic reactions in some people. Fur farming produces animal waste that pollutes waterways with nitrogen and phosphorus while processing involves harmful chemicals. Garment manufacturing has issues with long work hours, unsafe conditions, harassment, restrictions on unions and supply chain pressures that compromise worker welfare. Alternatives promote fair trade, child labor-free and eco-friendly options.
Hand loom presentation For Textile Student By MD Sumsuzzoha BappyMdSumsuzzohaBappy
It Has been prepared for Know About hand loom On Textile student and all other person...i wish It work on any person.Obviously it helping on another people and very helpful to us...
every natural fiber has unique textile property like Strength elongation and length. these properties are important for making yarn and fabric in the textile industry.
Fabric finishes are applied after fabric production to improve appearance, feel, or properties. Aesthetic finishes influence texture, luster, drape, and hand. Calendering uses rollers to impart finishes like glazing, moire, or embossing. Other techniques include brushing, shearing, and flocking to modify texture. Functional finishes provide benefits like wrinkle resistance or stain release. A fabric's fiber content and construction determine suitable finishing methods.
This document discusses different types of fibers including their definitions and common uses. It covers natural fibers like cotton, flax, wool, jute, silk and camel hair as well as synthetic/man-made fibers such as polyester, nylon, acrylic, carbon, rayon, and spandex. For each fiber, it provides a brief definition and lists its most common applications in textiles, clothing, home goods, and other industrial products.
Wool is the dense, warm coat of sheep. It has unique properties like being crimped, elastic, and growing in staples that make it well-suited for textile production. Wool is favored for textiles because it is easy to work with and takes dye well. The production process involves shearing wool from sheep, washing and sorting it, picking out burrs, carding and dyeing the wool, and spinning it into yarns. Wool is commonly used to make garments but also has other uses like insulation, carpeting, and upholstery.
The document describes several graffiti artworks created anonymously in public spaces between 2001-2005 in various cities across Europe. The artworks included depictions of Mona Lisa with a rocket launcher, Osama Bin Laden, and messages calling for peace, justice and freedom.
La pedagogia Steiner Waldorf ci invita a educare il bambino nella sua globalità « testa, cuore, mani », rispettando i ritmi del suo sviluppo.
Prima dei sette anni, egli impara e scopre il mondo con i sensi e con il corpo.
Il gioco libero e l’ampio spazio lasciato alla creatività stimolano la sua fantasia, forgiando la sua personalità.
Direttamente ispirato dalle attività delle scuole Steiner Waldorf, questo quaderno propone:
• attività che favoriscono la motricità, la consapevolezza del ritmo, l’immaginazione (disegni di forme, giochi di movimento, racconti da illustrare...);
• attività artistiche e artigianali correlate alle stagioni (bricolage, maglia, cucina, decorazione della casa, allestimento di un tavolo delle stagioni...).
In fondo al quaderno, sagome da ritagliare e pellicola adesiva per decorare i vetri delle finestre.
http://www.calzetti-mariucci.it/shop/prodotti/rivista-strength-conditioning-n-9
Strength & Conditioning. Per una scienza del movimento dell'uomo. N° 9, Luglio/Settembre 2014.
Yoga Anatomy
Leslie Kaminoff, Amy Matthews
ANNO EDIZIONE: 2024
GENERE: Libro
CATEGORIE: Yoga/Pilates
ISBN: 9788860287045
PAGINE: 336
86 posizioni con descrizione tecnica e analisi anatomica
.
IN LINGUA ITALIANA - Terza edizione
Yoga anatomy è uno tra i libri sullo yoga più venduti al mondo; gli autori, Leslie Kaminoff e Amy Matthews, sono riconosciuti esperti internazionali e insegnanti di anatomia, respirazione e lavoro del corpo.
Con più di un milione di copie vendute in tutto il mondo, Yoga Anatomy è diventato, sin dalla sua prima edizione, una risorsa insostituibile per praticanti, appassionati e istruttori di yoga.
Ampliata e aggiornata, questa terza edizione fornisce una comprensione ancora più profonda dello yoga attraverso l’analisi delle strutture e dei principi alla base di ogni movimento. L’edizione attuale presenta nuovi contenuti per migliorare ulteriormente la pratica yoga:
si inizia con un capitolo completamente nuovo, sull’anatomia raccontata come una vera e propria storia.
I capitoli dedicati al sistema scheletrico e a quello muscolare sono stati aggiornati, mentre si è aggiunto un nuovo capitolo dedicato al sistema nervoso e alle sue principali funzioni.
I capitoli incentrati su respirazione e sulla colonna vertebrale contengono importanti interventi aggiuntivi per consentire una visione più approfondita dell’anatomia specifica, dei danni che può subire la colonna e dell’eziologia del mal di schiena. Inoltre, sono presenti box di approfondimento con indicazioni su come poter guidare al meglio gli allievi al raggiungimento delle asana.
La maggiore novità di quest’ultima edizione risiede principalmente nelle immagini, completamente ridisegnate e stilizzate per una rappresentazione di immediata comprensione dell’allineamento da raggiungere, coadiuvate da una sezione testuale dedicata alla respirazione e alla sua connessione stretta con il movimento.
Le asana sono classificate in sei sezioni:
in piedi,
sedute,
in ginocchio,
supine,
prone
e sulle braccia.
Gli Autori, Leslie Kaminoff e Amy Matthews, entrambi professionisti yoga di fama internazionale, con questo manuale offrono una solida base fondata sui principi della pratica yoga, che accomuna molte correnti di questa disciplina.
Yoga Anatomy si rivela un punto di riferimento eccellente per chi si avvicina allo yoga, per chi lo pratica da tempo, ma anche per gli insegnanti, grazie alla capacità degli Autori di illuminare ogni movimento con una luce nuova e originale.
.
Scopri il libro qui https://www.calzetti-mariucci.it/shop/prodotti/yoga-anatomy-libro
A scuola di fitness
Pierluigi De Pascalis
ANNO EDIZIONE: 2015
GENERE: Libro
CATEGORIE: Fitness
ISBN: 9788860284587
PAGINE: 350
http://www.calzetti-mariucci.it/shop/prodotti/a-scuola-di-fitness
1. 6 morphé 7
Per esempio, il trapezio (10) è un muscolo
che si estende dal cranio a metà schiena,
e da lì fino alla parte alta delle spalle.
Di conseguenza è in buona parte legato
ai movimenti delle braccia. Occupando
le regioni della nuca, delle spalle e
della schiena, lo si può considerare
meccanicamente come un muscolo delle
braccia.
L’obiettivo in questa sede è presentare il
corpo sotto il maggior numero possibile
di angolazioni per darne una visione in
termini di volumi, e sottoporvi diverse
versioni di schemi e scorticati, più o meno
particolareggiati per variare le vostre
possibilità di rappresentazione.
Le lettere e le cifre inserite nei disegni
rimandano alle legende presenti nei due
prospetti collocati all’interno dei risvolti
di copertina. Lasciandoli aperti al margine
delle tavole potrete consultarli facilmente
durante la lettura.
Spero che questo libro vi faccia acquisire
dimestichezza con le forme del corpo
umano, permettendovi così di concentrar-
vi su un’interpretazione libera e personale.
La distinzione tra i diversi riferimenti (duri,
molli, contratti, tesi, rilassati) dovrebbe
affinare la vostra scrittura, rendendola più
sfumata e accurata. Imparare a memoria
le forme agevolerà sicuramente il vostro
disegno d’immaginazione, consentendovi
di costruire i vostri personaggi nello spa-
zio e in movimento, oltre ad arricchire la
conoscenza del vostro stesso corpo.
La missione di questo libro è aiutarvi nel
vostro percorso di formazione, senza sot-
tovalutare la complessità di questa disci-
plina e senza avere la pretesa di sostituirsi
alla frequentazione di un atelier con dei
modelli o alla guida di un insegnante.
Per quanto mi riguarda, questo approccio
alle forme corporee mi ha indotto a una
rilettura di tutte le forme naturali, e conti-
nua a stimolare la mia curiosità e il mio
stupore.
Lo scorticato: un genere
Dal Rinascimento, gli artisti collaborano alla
realizzazione di opere di anatomia, destina-
te agli appassionati d’arte e ai medici. Dato
che Leonardo da Vinci (1452-1519) lasciò
incompiuto il suo trattato, il De humani cor-
poris fabrica di Andrea Vesalio (1514-1564) è
considerato l’inizio di una lunga tradizione
che perdura anche ai nostri giorni.
La meticolosa rappresentazione degli
scorticati, concepiti in un primo tempo
come semplici studi anatomici, confe-
risce loro un’esistenza propria, ne fa un
soggetto a sé stante, un genere come il
nudo o il paesaggio. Anche questo gene-
re ha la sua storia, i suoi codici e le sue
convenzioni, con i quali si può giocare ed
esprimersi.
introduzione
« Questi scheletri o scorticati suscitano stupore perché si comportano come i vivi. »
Roger Caillois, Nel cuore del fantastico, Abscondita, Milano, 2004.
André Vésale (1514-1564) e Jan Steven Van
Calcar (1499-1546), L’Epitome, 1543.
Bernhard Siegfried Albinus (1697-1770) e Jan
Wandelaar (1690-1759), Tabulae Sceleti et
Musculorum Corporis Humani (1747).
10
2. laringe - testa & collo 4140 testa & collo - laringe
Fig. 1: laringe, di fronte e di profilo.
Ghiandola tiroidea (zona in grigio)
Fig. 2: laringe, trachea e polmoni.
Fig. 2
Fig. 3: osso ioide (io)
e cartilagine tiroidea (tir).
Fig. 1
Fig. 3
io
tir
6
10
6
tir
10
17
gabb
ster
cl
13
tir
io
tir tir
3. 54 torso - gabbia toracica gabbia toracica - torso 55
Fig. 1
Fig. 2
cl
gabb
gabb
sc ster
8
8
8
9
13
Fig. 3
Fig. 4 Fig. 5
Fig. 1: versione ossea del torso; predomina la gabbia toracica e il suo margine
inferiore è perfettamente visibile fino alla punta dello sterno (ster).
Fig. 2: versione muscolare, i pettorali (13) mascherano il disegno delle coste
e delle cartilagini, mentre i grandi retti (8) occupano in parte l’angolo, più aperto,
delineato dal limite inferiore della gabbia. Gabbia toracica (gabb) e grandi retti
si confondono sullo stesso piano sotto i pettorali (zona in grigio).
Fig. 3: sezione della gabbia toracica a metà altezza.
Fig. 4: veduta posteriore. Muscoli spinali accolti nelle docce vertebrali (zona in grigio).
Fig. 5: veduta anteriore. Collegamento tra le prime dieci coste e le cartilagini.
4. grande retto - torso 6766 torso - grande retto
8
8
8
8
9
9
9
9
9
9
11
11
11
11
11
13
13
13
15
17
17
17
21
Fig. 1
8
9
11
Fig. 1: collegamento tra grande dentato (11),
grande obliquo (9) e grande retto (8).
Tutti questi muscoli sono raffigurati
incompleti per rendere visibili
le inserzioni nella gabbia.
5. grande obliquo/spinali - torso 6968 torso - grande obliquo
7
7
9
9
Fig. 1
7 89
9
Fig. 1: spinali (7), grandi retti (8)
e obliqui (9) formano la cintura
addominale.
6. elevazione del braccio - radici del braccio 119118 radici del braccio - elevazione del braccio
L’elevazione del braccio provoca
l’oscillazione della scapola (sc).
Il grande dorsale (15) occupa la parete
posteriore dell’ascella. Esso si avvolge
sulla punta della scapola, attorno
al grande rotondo, che ricopre
in gran parte e con il quale,
a quel livello, si confonde.
sc
om
gabb
8
13
15
15
sc
sc
gabb
7
10
7. ascella, abbassamento del braccio - radici del braccio 123122 radici del braccio - ascella, abbassamento del braccio
Grande rotondo (14)
e grande dorsale (15)
formano insieme la parete
posteriore dell’ascella.
A questo livello è difficile
distinguerli.
Fig. 1
gabb
8
9
13
13
14
15
15
L’incavo dell’ascella è delimitato
dalla gabbia toracica (gabb)
e dalle due pareti formate,
anteriormente, dal pettorale (13)
e, posteriormente, dal grande
rotondo (14) e dal grande
dorsale (15) uniti.
Fig. 1 e Fig. 2: i tre muscoli
abbassatori, pettorale (13),
grande rotondo (14)
e grande dorsale (15).
Fig. 2
gabb
13
13
14
14
8. ascella - radici del braccio 125124 radici del braccio - ascella
gabb
9
13
14
14
15
19
21
Il sistema muscolare, che ha come
funzione l’abbassamento del braccio,
occupa le pareti dell’ascella.
Sono i muscoli pettorale (13), grande
rotondo (14) e grande dorsale (15).
gabb
gabb
8
8
8
11
1313
13
14
15
15
15
17
17
19
21
9. ascella - radici del braccio 127126 radici del braccio - ascella
13
15
17
Rapporti braccio/torso: le due
pareti dell’ascella (13 e 15)
si alternano ai due muscoli
principali del braccio (21 e 19).
Pettorale (13)/bicipite (21)/
grande dorsale (15)/tricipite (19)
13 15
1921
21
19
13
15
10. veduta d’insieme - radici del braccio 131130 radici del braccio - veduta d’insieme
cl sc
9
10
15
16
17
17
31
32
Le diverse convessità (1,2,3,4) sul contorno del torso, dall’ascella al bacino,
corrispondono al grande rotondo (14), al grande dorsale (15), alla gabbia toracica
(gabb) e al grande obliquo (9). Su una persona poco muscolosa, il grande dorsale
è meno marcato; i muscoli grande rotondo e grande dorsale tendono a confondersi;
la gabbia toracica è ben delineata. Quanto all’adipe, tende ad aggiungersi
al volume del muscolo grande obliquo, accentuando così la convessità del fianco
se rimane localizzato sopra il bacino (più maschile), ma può anche mascherare
questo riferimento osseo e confondersi con il grasso del gluteo e dell’anca.
L’effetto dimensioni risulta maggiore (più femminile).
bac
gabb
cl
9
14
15
11. 132 radici del braccio - veduta d’insieme veduta d’insieme - radici del braccio 133
Sul piano funzionale, la muscolatura propria del torso, ovvero i muscoli che permettono
lo spostamento della gabbia toracica in rapporto al bacino, comprende: gli spinali,
i grandi retti e i grandi obliqui (l’insieme degli addominali).
Sempre dal punto di vista funzionale, la muscolatura dell’arto superiore comincia
dai muscoli: trapezio (10), romboide (12), grande rotondo (14), grande dorsale (15),
sottospinato (16) e deltoide (17) oltre a grande dentato (11) e pettorale (13) visibili
frontalmente. In altre parole, questa muscolatura dell’arto superiore è molto estesa
e ricopre interamente la schiena, dal cranio al sacro. Ne deriva la grande ampiezza
dei movimenti.
7 10
10
1214
15
16
17