This document discusses tourist circuits in Aizawl, Mizoram, India. It begins by defining tourist circuits and their importance for tourism development. It then identifies several potential tourist destinations near Aizawl, including Reiek, Falkawn, Hmuifang, Tam Dil, and Baktawng. To propose tourist circuits, the document analyzes both tourist demand for different attractions and the supply/potential of destinations. Based on surveys, rural tourism is the highest demanded attraction. The potential of destinations is evaluated based on importance, accessibility, seasonality, and popularity. This analysis will help identify the best tourist circuits connecting high-potential destinations within day-trip distance from Aizawl.
The Factors Influencing IndividualsGroups to Undertake Tours T.docxtodd771
The Factors Influencing Individuals/Groups to Undertake Tours: The Case of Selected Individuals in Mombasa County
Introduction
Tourism in Kenya is one of the largest source of foreign exchange, only second to Agriculture. The main attractions are wildlife, athletes, game reserves and beautiful sceneries in Kenya. Mombasa County is one of the leading tourist attraction areas in Kenya both by locals and foreigners. Lee Jolliffe, in her book Tea and Tourism: Tourists, Traditions and Transformations, argues that
Kenyan
tourism hasn’t developed on its conservation of natural resources, though “beach tourism, eco-tourism, cultural tourism, sports tourism all form part of the portfolio” (Jolliffe, 2007). Kenya won the Best Leisure Destination award at the World Travel Fair in Shanghai, China, in April 2008. The permanent secretary in Kenya’s Ministry of Tourism, Rebecca Nabutola, stated that the award “goes to testify that Kenya has a unique world acclaimed tourism product. The recognition will no doubt boost Kenya’s tourism and enhance its profile as a leading tourist destination.” Mombasa County is one of the 47 newly created counties in Kenya comprising: Changamwe, Jomvu, Kisauni, Nyali, Likoni and Mvita constituencies with the major town being Mombasa Town which is the second largest town in Kenya.
Mombasa is an important tourism center due to its vast diversity of culture, beaches, old towns, hotels and restaurants, wildlife and economic activity. Mombasa is the original Arabic name for Mombasa and this city has an average population of about 1 million people. Mombasa is a place rich in history, yet at the same time fascinating commercial and cosmopolitan port town. Mombasa is an island connected to the mainland by bridges and ferries. The town overlooks a wide harbor, where commercial shipping mingles with traditional sailing dhows. The true heart of Mombasa is found in the exotic old town, among the narrow winding streets and Arab architecture (Magical Kenya, 2015). This paper will focus on factors affecting decision making by tourist by using Mombasa County as the case study.
Statement of the problem
Due to her high touristic potential and capacity, Mombasa’s tourism represents a fast growing sector of the economy. All over the region and the world at large, Mombasa represents an important attractive destination for many tourists who still consider it as a world prototype; consequently, the high demand has been increasing from one year to another. This strategic sector, however, still has to deal with: the large capital required to invest in this sector, poor government support, low level of technology in the country, poor infrastructure, lack of social services, diseases and natural calamities, expensive tourism facilities which may scare tourists away, environmental pollution, encroachment, terrorism and kidnapping of tourists. The Government should play the key role here by formulating legislation that support tourism and provide .
Measuring Tourist Service Satisfaction at Destination: A Case Study of Cox...b-planning
This study examines existing tourism services of the highly trafficked destination of Cox’s Bazar Sea beach in
Bangladesh using a tourist satisfaction analysis. Using observation and self-determined questionnaire survey, the study
classified tourist to their demographic and socioeconomic characteristics and measured satisfaction level using five point
Likert- scales against seventeen selected variables. The findings of this study suggest that tourists were mostly satisfied with
amenities related to destination management, with a natural attraction to the beach and relaxation facilities provided by the
destination. In contrast, tourists were disappointed with facilities such as health and emergency services, transportation
services, tour guides, information services and night life. The outcome of this empirical research will enable planners,
investors, destination mang ers and other vested interest groups to better understand tourist expectations and formulate
improved strategies, regional policy and a balanced approach toward sustainable tourism development in the region
When tourism getting momentum globally, a concern irks locally is – is tourism really benefitting the common people in destinations? When ordinary people are forced to jeopardize their convenience for the pleasures of travelers and tour operators, a lion part of the income generated from tourism goes to minority business players. Even though these natural attractions are to be equally enjoyed by all, this paradox remain prevails. Here the novel concept Responsible Tourism (RT) tries to answer many of our apprehensions. This paper reiterates that RT initiative – a strategy to accomplish economic, social and environmental objectives simultaneously shall be the approach for destination management. The Sustainable Tourism Products (STP) and Community Based Tourism (CBT) products emerge as a new strategy for destination marketing, and this Cause Related Marketing (CRM) totally in line with pro-poor, inclusive, and sustainable development concepts creates a win-win situation among community, tourists and industry.
Keywords: Responsible Tourism, Community Based Tourism (CBT) Product, Sustainable Tourism Product (STP), Destination Management, Destination Marketing, and Cause Related Marketing (CRM)
Destination Management Public Sector and Tourism Policy Destination Image Development Attributes of Destination Destination Planning Destination Development and Sustainable Future
Problems and Prospects of Tourism Industry at Sylhet Region in Bangladeshiosrjce
Tourism is not only a concept of enjoyment or travelling or passing the holidays, but also a
development concept and it has now been placed a wider significance among the mass people, government and
development planner in Bangladesh. Sylhet has a bright prospect to develop its tourism sectors as its treasures
weather it is going to miserable situation in the absence of proper plan and realistic steps. The aim of the
research is to investigate the problems and prospects to flourish the tourism sector in this region. Quantitative
method has been used in this study to investigate the research problems based on survey method. The tourists
are found very enthusiastic to get test of visiting different places and this study results some good indications for
improving tourism sectors. However, in order to make Bangladesh a tourism friendly nation, a renovation of
tourism policy, which should be in tune with the new national economic, social, environmental policies and
trends and the government should monitor all actors and factors related to tourism sector in Bangladesh.
The Factors Influencing IndividualsGroups to Undertake Tours T.docxtodd771
The Factors Influencing Individuals/Groups to Undertake Tours: The Case of Selected Individuals in Mombasa County
Introduction
Tourism in Kenya is one of the largest source of foreign exchange, only second to Agriculture. The main attractions are wildlife, athletes, game reserves and beautiful sceneries in Kenya. Mombasa County is one of the leading tourist attraction areas in Kenya both by locals and foreigners. Lee Jolliffe, in her book Tea and Tourism: Tourists, Traditions and Transformations, argues that
Kenyan
tourism hasn’t developed on its conservation of natural resources, though “beach tourism, eco-tourism, cultural tourism, sports tourism all form part of the portfolio” (Jolliffe, 2007). Kenya won the Best Leisure Destination award at the World Travel Fair in Shanghai, China, in April 2008. The permanent secretary in Kenya’s Ministry of Tourism, Rebecca Nabutola, stated that the award “goes to testify that Kenya has a unique world acclaimed tourism product. The recognition will no doubt boost Kenya’s tourism and enhance its profile as a leading tourist destination.” Mombasa County is one of the 47 newly created counties in Kenya comprising: Changamwe, Jomvu, Kisauni, Nyali, Likoni and Mvita constituencies with the major town being Mombasa Town which is the second largest town in Kenya.
Mombasa is an important tourism center due to its vast diversity of culture, beaches, old towns, hotels and restaurants, wildlife and economic activity. Mombasa is the original Arabic name for Mombasa and this city has an average population of about 1 million people. Mombasa is a place rich in history, yet at the same time fascinating commercial and cosmopolitan port town. Mombasa is an island connected to the mainland by bridges and ferries. The town overlooks a wide harbor, where commercial shipping mingles with traditional sailing dhows. The true heart of Mombasa is found in the exotic old town, among the narrow winding streets and Arab architecture (Magical Kenya, 2015). This paper will focus on factors affecting decision making by tourist by using Mombasa County as the case study.
Statement of the problem
Due to her high touristic potential and capacity, Mombasa’s tourism represents a fast growing sector of the economy. All over the region and the world at large, Mombasa represents an important attractive destination for many tourists who still consider it as a world prototype; consequently, the high demand has been increasing from one year to another. This strategic sector, however, still has to deal with: the large capital required to invest in this sector, poor government support, low level of technology in the country, poor infrastructure, lack of social services, diseases and natural calamities, expensive tourism facilities which may scare tourists away, environmental pollution, encroachment, terrorism and kidnapping of tourists. The Government should play the key role here by formulating legislation that support tourism and provide .
Measuring Tourist Service Satisfaction at Destination: A Case Study of Cox...b-planning
This study examines existing tourism services of the highly trafficked destination of Cox’s Bazar Sea beach in
Bangladesh using a tourist satisfaction analysis. Using observation and self-determined questionnaire survey, the study
classified tourist to their demographic and socioeconomic characteristics and measured satisfaction level using five point
Likert- scales against seventeen selected variables. The findings of this study suggest that tourists were mostly satisfied with
amenities related to destination management, with a natural attraction to the beach and relaxation facilities provided by the
destination. In contrast, tourists were disappointed with facilities such as health and emergency services, transportation
services, tour guides, information services and night life. The outcome of this empirical research will enable planners,
investors, destination mang ers and other vested interest groups to better understand tourist expectations and formulate
improved strategies, regional policy and a balanced approach toward sustainable tourism development in the region
When tourism getting momentum globally, a concern irks locally is – is tourism really benefitting the common people in destinations? When ordinary people are forced to jeopardize their convenience for the pleasures of travelers and tour operators, a lion part of the income generated from tourism goes to minority business players. Even though these natural attractions are to be equally enjoyed by all, this paradox remain prevails. Here the novel concept Responsible Tourism (RT) tries to answer many of our apprehensions. This paper reiterates that RT initiative – a strategy to accomplish economic, social and environmental objectives simultaneously shall be the approach for destination management. The Sustainable Tourism Products (STP) and Community Based Tourism (CBT) products emerge as a new strategy for destination marketing, and this Cause Related Marketing (CRM) totally in line with pro-poor, inclusive, and sustainable development concepts creates a win-win situation among community, tourists and industry.
Keywords: Responsible Tourism, Community Based Tourism (CBT) Product, Sustainable Tourism Product (STP), Destination Management, Destination Marketing, and Cause Related Marketing (CRM)
Destination Management Public Sector and Tourism Policy Destination Image Development Attributes of Destination Destination Planning Destination Development and Sustainable Future
Problems and Prospects of Tourism Industry at Sylhet Region in Bangladeshiosrjce
Tourism is not only a concept of enjoyment or travelling or passing the holidays, but also a
development concept and it has now been placed a wider significance among the mass people, government and
development planner in Bangladesh. Sylhet has a bright prospect to develop its tourism sectors as its treasures
weather it is going to miserable situation in the absence of proper plan and realistic steps. The aim of the
research is to investigate the problems and prospects to flourish the tourism sector in this region. Quantitative
method has been used in this study to investigate the research problems based on survey method. The tourists
are found very enthusiastic to get test of visiting different places and this study results some good indications for
improving tourism sectors. However, in order to make Bangladesh a tourism friendly nation, a renovation of
tourism policy, which should be in tune with the new national economic, social, environmental policies and
trends and the government should monitor all actors and factors related to tourism sector in Bangladesh.
India – tourism development & sustainable growth 2020Harsh Ahuja
As Global warming, Climate change, rapid Industrialisation and the Internet make deeper inroads into our daily lives… we as responsible World citizen’s need to develop upon opportunities provided by the Hospitality & Tourism Industry ( the world’s largest Industry )1 to provide sustainable development and livelihood options to the local populace - worldwide. The United Nations has commendably chosen to undertake part of the same under the aegis of the UNWTO ( United Nations World Tourism Organisation ) declaring 2017 as the UN's International year of Sustainable Tourism for Development. A perspective for the development of sustainable tourism in India.
A Study of the Factors Influencing Cultural Tourists’ Perception and Its Meas...laxmi2804
The major growth of the Indian tourism sector is contributed by domestic tourism
which tends to be more focused on cultural destinations. Travel and tourism for fun,
pleasure and recreation is still considered an elite ‘five star’ activity by a majority of
the Indians. At the same time, travel and tourism for cultural purposes forms an integral
part of the Indian population, where people from all ages, religions and income groups
often manage time and resources for cultural tourism. Tourism has a huge potential for
poverty alleviation by increasing job opportunities and spending by tourists. Most
important from India's point of view is the fact that these employment opportunities
are created in the small and medium segments of the economy and disperse throughout
the country. When people of a country visit such sites and experience their culture, they
understand ‘who they are and where they have come from’ (Palmer, 1999). Since viewing
of such sites by domestic tourists offers glimpses of a nation's past, their promotion
becomes vital in the construction of national identity (Johnson, 1995). The
measurement of perception of tourists and thereby identifying gaps in the current
service-good composition and customizing pro-tourist product mix, becomes crucially
important for all the stakeholders of the tourism industry. This paper primarily studies
those crucial factors which have a direct impact on the perception of tourists in the
heritage city of Agra.
The Role of Education and Sustainable Tourism in Achieving Cost Effectiveness...YogeshIJTSRD
The article highlights the importance of sustainable development and sustainable tourism, their economic, social and environmental aspects, and analyzes their role in achieving economic efficiency. In addition, the level of study of sustainable tourism in terms of the area and their problems are illuminated. The most developed countries widely implement educational programs in the field of tourism. These programs cover virtually all levels from high school to university and virtually all prism sectors. The initial programs are focused on the hospitality sector, whose educational function is aimed at those who intend to work in the catering or leisure sector. In addition, the STEP and TEDQUAL training standards in the development of the Sustainable Tourism Program of the World Tourism Organization, which is being implemented within the framework of the UN program are extensively introduced. Its activities over the past decades and more have mainly been aimed at supporting the development of tourism education worldwide. This has been accomplished in a variety of ways. Sustainable tourism in Uzbekistan during the pandemic and its impact on economic efficiency and education and sustainable tourism has proven to be the best way out of this global epidemic without an economic crisis. Khayrullaeva Nilufarbeim Nematilloyevna | Kadirova Shafoat Khabibulloyevna | Aripova Makhliyo Salakhiddinovna | Latifova Mekhrigul Ergashovna "The Role of Education and Sustainable Tourism in Achieving Cost Effectiveness during a Pandemic" Published in International Journal of Trend in Scientific Research and Development (ijtsrd), ISSN: 2456-6470, Special Issue | Innovative Development of Modern Research , April 2021, URL: https://www.ijtsrd.com/papers/ijtsrd39823.pdf Paper URL : https://www.ijtsrd.com/humanities-and-the-arts/tourism/39823/the-role-of-education-and-sustainable-tourism-in-achieving-cost-effectiveness-during-a-pandemic/khayrullaeva-nilufarbeim-nematilloyevna
Know about scope of tourism and hospitality industryallied chandigarh
Get to know the scope of tourism and hospitality industry by taking education in Alliedchandigarh as they provide the best education in this field .To know more check at: http://www.alliedchandigarh.com/scope-of-hospitality/
Rural Tourism- A Catalyst for Rural Economic Growthinventionjournals
Tourism is one of the world’s largest industries. Tourism which can be sustained over the long term because it results in a net benefit for the social, economic, natural and cultural environments of the area in which it takes place. For developing countries like India, it is also one of the prime income generators. But the huge infrastructural and resource demands of tourism (e.g. water consumption, waste generation and energy use) can have severe impacts upon local communities and the environment if it is not properly managed. The spirit of India resides in her villages and those living in cities and towns have their roots in rural life, which has pastoral beauty and touching simplicity, offer fresh comforting breezes and lavish openness. Tourism growth potential can be bind as a strategy for Rural Development in specific and rural tourism in general which definitely useful for a country like India, where almost 74 per cent of the population resides in rural areas. The tourism sector provides employment to about 50 million people. Even a modest 10 per cent growth in tourism sector would generate 5 million jobs every year and major beneficiary are weaker sections of society women and rural artisans. Rural tourism stands for showcasing the ethnic arts, crafts, culture and lifestyle in its traditional approach. The present study was conducted with an objective to identify the various forms of rural tourism, role of government and private sector in enhancing the efficient tourism prerequisite, to study the problems in rural tourism and to construct the suggestions and recommendations for rural tourism. The present study is based on the secondary data published in various journals, articles, books and others sources of information The study reveals that endorsement of village tourism is a competent device for socio-economic benefits to rural people. It is a multi-sectoral activity and the industry is affected by many other sectors of the nation’s economy. Therefore, government and private sectors should ensure healthier linkages and coordination. It also has to play a pivotal role in tourism management and promotion. Further, the study also discloses that rural tourism has the potential to increase public appreciation of the environment and to spread awareness of environmental problems when it brings people into closer contact with nature and the environment. This confrontation may heighten awareness of the value of nature and lead to environmentally conscious behaviour and activities to preserve the environment.
Hii I am Aditya
This is a presentation made by a group of 4 members on the topic HO TO INCREASE TOURISM IN JHARKHAND.
Hope this presentaion will help you
Thank YOu
TYPES OF TOURISM (detailed version)
Introduction of tourism;
Types- Nature, Culture, Pilgrimage, Medical;
positive and negative Impacts of tourism;
Major policies related to tourism;
Case studies;
Challenges faced by tourism sector;
steps taken by government
The Reality of Tourist Sites Management in Jordan and Its Obstaclesinventionjournals
This study aimed to identify the tourist sites across the Kingdom of Jordan as they gain high valued revenues to the country if they are invested in the right way depending on planned strategies. The study also unveiled the most important obstacles in the face of the Ministry of Tourism and Antiques in the process of managing different tourist sites. The study sample consists of managers of directorates of the Ministry of Tourism and Antiques in all over the Kingdom and some other managers working in the center of the ministry. The study sample used a comprehensive to all tourist sites from (32) decision-makers who are directly responsible of managing and developing the tourist sites. The study used the qualitative approach to come up with results, and it used two tools in data collecting which are a questionnaire with open questions and face to face or call interviews. The study comes with the following findings: 1. The nature of performance, management and planning in the Ministry of Tourism and Antiquities is baseless, in other words, it will be passed away by ending manager's mission, after that, you notice that such nature is subjugated to the worker's whims. 2. Promoting tourist sites in Jordan is not only the responsibility of the Ministry of Tourism, but also linked to a campaign of Jordan tourism, consequently, that leads to duplication of performance and dispersion of efforts. 3. Absence of justice in allocating the external scholarships and tourism development projects in the tourist sites or tourist territories which in turn created a gap in the distribution of provisions gained from tourism development services 4. Obstacles faced by development of various tourist sites in the Hashemite Kingdom of Jordan are related to the costs that tourist sites need such as infrastructure, empowering tourist locations and providing various services, due to the fact that there are a lot of tourist sites that are far from each other in different regions of the Kingdom
India – tourism development & sustainable growth 2020Harsh Ahuja
As Global warming, Climate change, rapid Industrialisation and the Internet make deeper inroads into our daily lives… we as responsible World citizen’s need to develop upon opportunities provided by the Hospitality & Tourism Industry ( the world’s largest Industry )1 to provide sustainable development and livelihood options to the local populace - worldwide. The United Nations has commendably chosen to undertake part of the same under the aegis of the UNWTO ( United Nations World Tourism Organisation ) declaring 2017 as the UN's International year of Sustainable Tourism for Development. A perspective for the development of sustainable tourism in India.
A Study of the Factors Influencing Cultural Tourists’ Perception and Its Meas...laxmi2804
The major growth of the Indian tourism sector is contributed by domestic tourism
which tends to be more focused on cultural destinations. Travel and tourism for fun,
pleasure and recreation is still considered an elite ‘five star’ activity by a majority of
the Indians. At the same time, travel and tourism for cultural purposes forms an integral
part of the Indian population, where people from all ages, religions and income groups
often manage time and resources for cultural tourism. Tourism has a huge potential for
poverty alleviation by increasing job opportunities and spending by tourists. Most
important from India's point of view is the fact that these employment opportunities
are created in the small and medium segments of the economy and disperse throughout
the country. When people of a country visit such sites and experience their culture, they
understand ‘who they are and where they have come from’ (Palmer, 1999). Since viewing
of such sites by domestic tourists offers glimpses of a nation's past, their promotion
becomes vital in the construction of national identity (Johnson, 1995). The
measurement of perception of tourists and thereby identifying gaps in the current
service-good composition and customizing pro-tourist product mix, becomes crucially
important for all the stakeholders of the tourism industry. This paper primarily studies
those crucial factors which have a direct impact on the perception of tourists in the
heritage city of Agra.
The Role of Education and Sustainable Tourism in Achieving Cost Effectiveness...YogeshIJTSRD
The article highlights the importance of sustainable development and sustainable tourism, their economic, social and environmental aspects, and analyzes their role in achieving economic efficiency. In addition, the level of study of sustainable tourism in terms of the area and their problems are illuminated. The most developed countries widely implement educational programs in the field of tourism. These programs cover virtually all levels from high school to university and virtually all prism sectors. The initial programs are focused on the hospitality sector, whose educational function is aimed at those who intend to work in the catering or leisure sector. In addition, the STEP and TEDQUAL training standards in the development of the Sustainable Tourism Program of the World Tourism Organization, which is being implemented within the framework of the UN program are extensively introduced. Its activities over the past decades and more have mainly been aimed at supporting the development of tourism education worldwide. This has been accomplished in a variety of ways. Sustainable tourism in Uzbekistan during the pandemic and its impact on economic efficiency and education and sustainable tourism has proven to be the best way out of this global epidemic without an economic crisis. Khayrullaeva Nilufarbeim Nematilloyevna | Kadirova Shafoat Khabibulloyevna | Aripova Makhliyo Salakhiddinovna | Latifova Mekhrigul Ergashovna "The Role of Education and Sustainable Tourism in Achieving Cost Effectiveness during a Pandemic" Published in International Journal of Trend in Scientific Research and Development (ijtsrd), ISSN: 2456-6470, Special Issue | Innovative Development of Modern Research , April 2021, URL: https://www.ijtsrd.com/papers/ijtsrd39823.pdf Paper URL : https://www.ijtsrd.com/humanities-and-the-arts/tourism/39823/the-role-of-education-and-sustainable-tourism-in-achieving-cost-effectiveness-during-a-pandemic/khayrullaeva-nilufarbeim-nematilloyevna
Know about scope of tourism and hospitality industryallied chandigarh
Get to know the scope of tourism and hospitality industry by taking education in Alliedchandigarh as they provide the best education in this field .To know more check at: http://www.alliedchandigarh.com/scope-of-hospitality/
Rural Tourism- A Catalyst for Rural Economic Growthinventionjournals
Tourism is one of the world’s largest industries. Tourism which can be sustained over the long term because it results in a net benefit for the social, economic, natural and cultural environments of the area in which it takes place. For developing countries like India, it is also one of the prime income generators. But the huge infrastructural and resource demands of tourism (e.g. water consumption, waste generation and energy use) can have severe impacts upon local communities and the environment if it is not properly managed. The spirit of India resides in her villages and those living in cities and towns have their roots in rural life, which has pastoral beauty and touching simplicity, offer fresh comforting breezes and lavish openness. Tourism growth potential can be bind as a strategy for Rural Development in specific and rural tourism in general which definitely useful for a country like India, where almost 74 per cent of the population resides in rural areas. The tourism sector provides employment to about 50 million people. Even a modest 10 per cent growth in tourism sector would generate 5 million jobs every year and major beneficiary are weaker sections of society women and rural artisans. Rural tourism stands for showcasing the ethnic arts, crafts, culture and lifestyle in its traditional approach. The present study was conducted with an objective to identify the various forms of rural tourism, role of government and private sector in enhancing the efficient tourism prerequisite, to study the problems in rural tourism and to construct the suggestions and recommendations for rural tourism. The present study is based on the secondary data published in various journals, articles, books and others sources of information The study reveals that endorsement of village tourism is a competent device for socio-economic benefits to rural people. It is a multi-sectoral activity and the industry is affected by many other sectors of the nation’s economy. Therefore, government and private sectors should ensure healthier linkages and coordination. It also has to play a pivotal role in tourism management and promotion. Further, the study also discloses that rural tourism has the potential to increase public appreciation of the environment and to spread awareness of environmental problems when it brings people into closer contact with nature and the environment. This confrontation may heighten awareness of the value of nature and lead to environmentally conscious behaviour and activities to preserve the environment.
Hii I am Aditya
This is a presentation made by a group of 4 members on the topic HO TO INCREASE TOURISM IN JHARKHAND.
Hope this presentaion will help you
Thank YOu
TYPES OF TOURISM (detailed version)
Introduction of tourism;
Types- Nature, Culture, Pilgrimage, Medical;
positive and negative Impacts of tourism;
Major policies related to tourism;
Case studies;
Challenges faced by tourism sector;
steps taken by government
The Reality of Tourist Sites Management in Jordan and Its Obstaclesinventionjournals
This study aimed to identify the tourist sites across the Kingdom of Jordan as they gain high valued revenues to the country if they are invested in the right way depending on planned strategies. The study also unveiled the most important obstacles in the face of the Ministry of Tourism and Antiques in the process of managing different tourist sites. The study sample consists of managers of directorates of the Ministry of Tourism and Antiques in all over the Kingdom and some other managers working in the center of the ministry. The study sample used a comprehensive to all tourist sites from (32) decision-makers who are directly responsible of managing and developing the tourist sites. The study used the qualitative approach to come up with results, and it used two tools in data collecting which are a questionnaire with open questions and face to face or call interviews. The study comes with the following findings: 1. The nature of performance, management and planning in the Ministry of Tourism and Antiquities is baseless, in other words, it will be passed away by ending manager's mission, after that, you notice that such nature is subjugated to the worker's whims. 2. Promoting tourist sites in Jordan is not only the responsibility of the Ministry of Tourism, but also linked to a campaign of Jordan tourism, consequently, that leads to duplication of performance and dispersion of efforts. 3. Absence of justice in allocating the external scholarships and tourism development projects in the tourist sites or tourist territories which in turn created a gap in the distribution of provisions gained from tourism development services 4. Obstacles faced by development of various tourist sites in the Hashemite Kingdom of Jordan are related to the costs that tourist sites need such as infrastructure, empowering tourist locations and providing various services, due to the fact that there are a lot of tourist sites that are far from each other in different regions of the Kingdom
Similar to AN OVERVIEW OF TOURIST CIRCUITS A CASE STUDY OF AIZAWL AREA (20)
The French Revolution, which began in 1789, was a period of radical social and political upheaval in France. It marked the decline of absolute monarchies, the rise of secular and democratic republics, and the eventual rise of Napoleon Bonaparte. This revolutionary period is crucial in understanding the transition from feudalism to modernity in Europe.
For more information, visit-www.vavaclasses.com
June 3, 2024 Anti-Semitism Letter Sent to MIT President Kornbluth and MIT Cor...Levi Shapiro
Letter from the Congress of the United States regarding Anti-Semitism sent June 3rd to MIT President Sally Kornbluth, MIT Corp Chair, Mark Gorenberg
Dear Dr. Kornbluth and Mr. Gorenberg,
The US House of Representatives is deeply concerned by ongoing and pervasive acts of antisemitic
harassment and intimidation at the Massachusetts Institute of Technology (MIT). Failing to act decisively to ensure a safe learning environment for all students would be a grave dereliction of your responsibilities as President of MIT and Chair of the MIT Corporation.
This Congress will not stand idly by and allow an environment hostile to Jewish students to persist. The House believes that your institution is in violation of Title VI of the Civil Rights Act, and the inability or
unwillingness to rectify this violation through action requires accountability.
Postsecondary education is a unique opportunity for students to learn and have their ideas and beliefs challenged. However, universities receiving hundreds of millions of federal funds annually have denied
students that opportunity and have been hijacked to become venues for the promotion of terrorism, antisemitic harassment and intimidation, unlawful encampments, and in some cases, assaults and riots.
The House of Representatives will not countenance the use of federal funds to indoctrinate students into hateful, antisemitic, anti-American supporters of terrorism. Investigations into campus antisemitism by the Committee on Education and the Workforce and the Committee on Ways and Means have been expanded into a Congress-wide probe across all relevant jurisdictions to address this national crisis. The undersigned Committees will conduct oversight into the use of federal funds at MIT and its learning environment under authorities granted to each Committee.
• The Committee on Education and the Workforce has been investigating your institution since December 7, 2023. The Committee has broad jurisdiction over postsecondary education, including its compliance with Title VI of the Civil Rights Act, campus safety concerns over disruptions to the learning environment, and the awarding of federal student aid under the Higher Education Act.
• The Committee on Oversight and Accountability is investigating the sources of funding and other support flowing to groups espousing pro-Hamas propaganda and engaged in antisemitic harassment and intimidation of students. The Committee on Oversight and Accountability is the principal oversight committee of the US House of Representatives and has broad authority to investigate “any matter” at “any time” under House Rule X.
• The Committee on Ways and Means has been investigating several universities since November 15, 2023, when the Committee held a hearing entitled From Ivory Towers to Dark Corners: Investigating the Nexus Between Antisemitism, Tax-Exempt Universities, and Terror Financing. The Committee followed the hearing with letters to those institutions on January 10, 202
Honest Reviews of Tim Han LMA Course Program.pptxtimhan337
Personal development courses are widely available today, with each one promising life-changing outcomes. Tim Han’s Life Mastery Achievers (LMA) Course has drawn a lot of interest. In addition to offering my frank assessment of Success Insider’s LMA Course, this piece examines the course’s effects via a variety of Tim Han LMA course reviews and Success Insider comments.
Model Attribute Check Company Auto PropertyCeline George
In Odoo, the multi-company feature allows you to manage multiple companies within a single Odoo database instance. Each company can have its own configurations while still sharing common resources such as products, customers, and suppliers.
Biological screening of herbal drugs: Introduction and Need for
Phyto-Pharmacological Screening, New Strategies for evaluating
Natural Products, In vitro evaluation techniques for Antioxidants, Antimicrobial and Anticancer drugs. In vivo evaluation techniques
for Anti-inflammatory, Antiulcer, Anticancer, Wound healing, Antidiabetic, Hepatoprotective, Cardio protective, Diuretics and
Antifertility, Toxicity studies as per OECD guidelines
Read| The latest issue of The Challenger is here! We are thrilled to announce that our school paper has qualified for the NATIONAL SCHOOLS PRESS CONFERENCE (NSPC) 2024. Thank you for your unwavering support and trust. Dive into the stories that made us stand out!
Welcome to TechSoup New Member Orientation and Q&A (May 2024).pdfTechSoup
In this webinar you will learn how your organization can access TechSoup's wide variety of product discount and donation programs. From hardware to software, we'll give you a tour of the tools available to help your nonprofit with productivity, collaboration, financial management, donor tracking, security, and more.
Macroeconomics- Movie Location
This will be used as part of your Personal Professional Portfolio once graded.
Objective:
Prepare a presentation or a paper using research, basic comparative analysis, data organization and application of economic information. You will make an informed assessment of an economic climate outside of the United States to accomplish an entertainment industry objective.
Unit 8 - Information and Communication Technology (Paper I).pdfThiyagu K
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Unit 8 - Information and Communication Technology (Paper I).pdf
AN OVERVIEW OF TOURIST CIRCUITS A CASE STUDY OF AIZAWL AREA
1. AN OVERVIEW OF TOURIST CIRCUITS: A CASE STUDY OF AIZAWL AREA.
*Ghanashyam Deka and **Rintluanga Pachuau
ABSTRACT
Tourism is now not merely a travelling activity, nor a journey to visit some holy places. But it is
an industry and one of the fastest growing economic activities with manifolds and dimensions. Success of
tourism development depends upon numbers of issues. Destination reputation, tourist friendly
environment, affordable travel and distinctive tourist circuits are some of the valuable factors for success
of tourism industry. Tourist circuits and destinations are two most essential parameters that attract tourists
from all round of the earth. A famous circuit with renowned destinations always signifies development of
tourism. The present paper is an attempt to identify possible tourist circuit in and around Aizawl City
area.
Keywords: tourist circuit, tourist destination, Aizawl tourism.
INTRODUCTION
The word tourism means the travel activity or the practice of touring especially for
aesthetic pleasure of human being which brings the overall satisfaction of human life. Tourism is
the business activity or industry associated with providing information, accommodations and
other services to the tourists. Thus, it is related with the profit making from the travellers
associated with the movement of people offering an opportunity to see a new place. Tourism is
directly linked with touring as the profit making business activity from traveller by pleasing them
with utmost hospitability, showcasing art and culture for them, and showing them the entire
beauty of the region. This is a phenomenon of modern civilization and can be summed up as the
activity of visitors who visit places for recreation, pilgrimage, adventure, business, education,
health etc.
Mathieson and Wall (1982) created a good working definition of tourism as "The
temporary movement of people to destinations outside their normal places of work and
residence, the activities undertaken during their stay in those destinations, and the facilities
created to cater to their needs." This definition implies the business associated with the services
of the host communities to their guests that travel.
*Ghanashyam Deka is an Assistant Professor in Department of Geography, Pachhunga University College.
**Dr Rintluanga Pachuau is a Professor in the Department of Geography & RM, Mizoram University.
2. On the other hand Macintosh and Goeldner (1986) defined tourism as “The sum of the
phenomena and relationships arising from the interaction of tourists, business suppliers, host
government and community in the process of attracting and hosting these tourists and other
visitors”. It has become an important sector that has an impact on development of country
economy. The main benefits of tourism are income creation and generation of jobs. In present
day world, for many regions, and countries it is the most important sources of welfare. For
example, Nepal, Caribbean island, Thailand, Maldives etc. are some of the countries that depend
on tourism industry for their economic betterment
REVIEW OF LITERATURE
Cullinan (1977) outlined the concept in “Central America Panama Circuit Tourism
Study” as a pleasure trip which includes two or more countries by a resident of a third country”.
According to Ministry of Tourism (2008) Tourist circuit is defined as a route on which at least
three major tourist destinations are located in different areas but within such distance that tourists
can and would like to cover them in a sequence. Chowdhary (2014) has quoted after
Hotelmule.com (2011) that tourism circuit involves visits to three or more than one destination
during a trip away from home. Perhaps this is the best simplified definition.
Circuits can be developed either within a country (intra-border) or between two or
more countries (cross-border). Cross-border circuits could be based on various themes or
on effective transport connectivity (Sisodia, 2011). A few types of circuit development that can
take place around a theme are religious circuits, historical events circuits, tribal circuits,
heritage circuits, art & craft circuits, wildlife tourism circuits etc.
STUDY AREA
The present study is encompasses tourism around Aizawl City, Mizoram, India. Mizoram
is a small hilly state with an area of 21087 sq. km (Pachuau, 2009). The state is strategically
located between two foreign countries i.e. Myanmar and Bangladesh. This is the most densely
populated and also capital city of the state. The city is located in a picturesque setting on the
ridge of hills at an altitude of 1132 m above the sea level and overlooking the valley and hill
ranges. This is a 113 years old area that stands on the ridges of steep hills with deep gorges and
3. green mountains. Flanked on the north by the craggy peaks of Durtlang, the hill city overlooks
the sylvan valley of the river Tlawng and ranges of blue hills beyond.
Aizawl literary means “A field of wild cardamom”, a name which originated during the
days of the great Mizo Chief Lalsavunga and Thanruma who had set up village in and around the
present site of Raj Bhawan in the early nineteenth century. The area, however, was deserted
when the British administration
established a military outpost “Fort
Aijal” in the spring of 1890.
Aizawl is well connected by
roadways with the rest of the
country. Silchar is the most
important and nearest major
railhead while Lengpui is the
nearby airport that connect Aizawl
(Mizoram) with Guwahati, Kolkata
and Delhi. Aizawl is becoming an
important tourist destination day by
day. The Durtlang Hill, KV
Paradise, Science Center, State
Museum, Bara Bazar, War
Memorial, Assembly House, Raj
Bhawan, Solomon Temple,
Tlangnuam view point, Mizoram
University, State Zoo and Sairang
picnic spot, etc. are famous for
Aizawl Tourism. These are
attracting a lot of tourists every
year.
Beside these destinations, there are some other nearby destinations located within the
reach of Aizawl with a daylong tour. These are Ailawng-Reiek, Sairang-Lengpui, Falkawn-
Figure 1 Aizawl City Map
4. Hmuifang, Seling-Baktawng, Saitual-Tamdil, and Chalfilh Tlang (peak). These destinations are
recognized by the state Tourism Department and can visit by the tourist from Aizawl itself. All
these destinations are not too far from the city and these may be tour from Aizawl by different
means of convenient transportation. Hence, Aizawl tourism may be a niche of Mizoram tourism.
TOURIST CIRCUIT
A Tourist Circuit is defined as a route on which at least three major tourist destinations
are located such that none of these are in the same town, village or city. At the same time they
are not separated by a long distance. It should have well defined entry and exit points. A tourist
who enters at the entry point should get motivated to visit all the places identified on the circuit
(Chowdhary, 2014).
Tourist circuit designing is about the strategic planning and development of tourism skill
of the planner or the host agencies. A circuit may be termed as the selling skill of tourism
through a planned route that followed by the traveler. Strategic planning is an inclusive process
for shaping what a business or destination should become and the steps needed to achieve that
goal. A circuit provides comprehensive strategic planning solutions for betterment of tourism
businesses and destinations, with services that address a variety of needs. It is necessary to
understand and recognize the unique and exceptional recreation desired by traveler and believe
in the importance of developing tourism in a way that provides the greatest profit to the local
stakeholders while conserving the natural assets for future generations.
The comprehensive set of strategic planning services includes access and assessment of
destination, tourism master plan, land use planning and ecological architecture, marketing
strategies, business planning, conservation and tourism planning that helps to glorify tourism in
any region. Once these characteristics are fulfilled in right way, tourism development can be an
effective tool for stimulating economic growth, alleviating poverty, conserving biodiversity,
preserving culture and traditions, and creating employment opportunities for local communities.
IDENTIFICATION PROCESS OF TOURIST CIRCUIT
The Circuit is to be taken up and will be identified by the Ministry of Tourism at the
beginning of each year, in consultation with the State Government. While selecting the Circuit,
5. the tourism potential of the places should be considered. It should also be ensured that any circuit
so identified for each State/UT should be for a Plan period. A circuit could be limited to a State
or it could be a regional circuit covering more than a State/UT. The identification of the project,
the implementation agency, and the mode of channelization of funds would be done in
consultation with the State Government/UT Administration.
METHODOLOGY AND DATABASE
The present work is based on primary data as well as secondary data. The entire work is
about the tourist circuit and destinations and potentials of both in light of Mizoram tourism. The
destination information, review of literature, important maps and photographs are collected from
secondary sources. On the other hand, tourist demand and tourist potentiality was on the basis of
primary survey conducted during the year of 2015. A total number of hundred responses were
considered in the present study to reveal the preferences and destination demand of the tourists.
The primary survey took places randomly at different tourist destinations, tourist lodges, hotels,
in and around Aizawl city as per the convenient.
The data was calculated to find out the tourist demand in terms of percentage and ranking
weightage. Afterwards destinations were classified with four supply components namely, a)
popularity, b) accessibility, c) seasonality, and d) importance. Both scores are calculated, and
potential destinations were found out with average score of demand plus supply. Afterwards each
destination was joined depending upon possible connectivity from the tourist map and calculated
their total score depending upon the three important destination’s score. Every circuit has its own
value with more than two destinations with one line connectivity. Finally highest scored circuits
evaluated is identified as the best tourist circuit for Aizawl Tourism. A map of circuit was
prepared to display the circuit along with the destinations and roads.
MAJOR DESTINATIONS IN AIZAWL AREA
1.State Museum: Mizoram State Museum was established in the year 1977 to give the state an
ethnological museum. Today, it stores more than 2500 items, each of which is a proof of the
affluent past and ethnic background of Mizoram. Indeed one would find an entire gallery
especially devoted to the tribes of Mizoram providing an insight into their lives, their origin,
their legacies, their beliefs, their populace and lot more.
6. 2.Reiek: Reiek tlang is a prominent range with few caves in an around. This is located in Mamit
district (23°40'40.38"N and 92°36'11.89"E) just 30 kms to the west of Aizawl sprawls a
prominent mountain on which Reiek village is located. This is one of the must visit destination
especially for the nature lovers and trekkers.
3.Falkawn: It is a medium size village located near to the Aizawl city. This is less than 30
minutes drive by taxi from the city on way to Hmuifang. The village has high literacy rate and
this village has the typical Mizo houses that can give an idea about the history of the Mizos. An
example of a typical Mizo village set up along with the Zawlbuk and Chief’s House is being
built here by the Art and Culture Department.
4.Hmuifang: It is located at a distance of 50 kms to the south of Aizawl under the Aibawk RD
block. Hmuifang Mountain (23°26'53.14"N and 92°45'30.99"E) with an elevation of 1619
meters is still covered with virgin forests reserved since the days of the Mizo chiefs.
5.Tam Dil: This is one of the most beautiful tourist spot in Mizoram located at 23°44'22.20"N
and 92°57'8.24"E. Literally “Lake of Mustard”, Tam Dil is situated near Saitual Village, about
110 kms from Aizawl. Having been developed as an important pisciculture centre by the
Fisheries Department and a holiday resort by the Tourism Department, this is one of the most
frequented lakes in the state. The lake and the surrounding thick forest are home to wide
species of trees, plants and animals.
6.Baktawng: Baktawng village is located in Thingsulthliah Tehsil of Serchhip district in
Mizoram, India. The village is also famous for Pu Ziona’s house which is marked as World’s
Largest Family. From aizawl it is located at a distance of 67 km via NH54.
POTENTIALITY ANALYSIS
For effective circuit identification potentiality of destination is needed to be analyzed.
Potentiality of destination in an area is indeed the result of interaction of tourist demand and
supply or local availability of tourist resources. Tourist demand of an area can be evaluated
through the preference of choice of tourist towards various components of its unique attraction
with reference to tourism resources. Ferrario (1982) had initiated the comparison and compilation
of existing potential resources and the demand of tourists to find the potentiality of any particular
area with resource inventory. He derived the formula for potentiality index as:
TP = (A+B)
/2
7. In this formula, TP means the tourist potential, A= Demand component (Appeal/ interest
based on the tourist); and B = Local component or the supply component. Thus tourist potential
is an average value of demand and supply of tourists and tourist places in together.
Based on this idea, Bhattacharya (2004) worked to find out the potentiality of different
tourist spots of Assam. The framework was based on the tourist attraction, importance,
accessibility, seasonality, popularity and fragility. For assessment of the ‘local availability’ or
‘supply component’ of tourist resources he adopted nominal scale as good, moderate, bad, etc.
Following the same method of potentiality determination, tourist spots and later on the circuits
can be classified with the calculated score.
With the help of primary survey and interaction tourist demand was analyzed and
summarized for better understanding of the attraction or the recreational demand of tourism for
the state. For a better planning and development of tourism, an evaluation of the attraction (both
manmade and natural) is an urgent need (Bhattacharya, 2004). At present Mizoram has limited
scope for recreation tourist. Either the state is less explored from tourism view point or the
tourist attractions are limited because of the connectivity, publicity and convenience. Therefore,
tourists are more hesitant to visit remote places during their short span of visit (Deka, et al.
2014). The listing of criteria was not an easy task. After analyzing the available resources and
facilities ten different areas of interest were short listed. The list was given to the tourists in the
form of questionnaire to mark their desired. Based on the tourist choice, demand can be
described accordingly with their priority. Table 1 shows the recreation demand of tourists with
the short listed criteria.
Table: 1. Ranking of Tourist Demand
Sl
No
Category Rating Total
Score
(in %)
Weightage
Score based
on %
Rank
Based
1 Rural Tourism 1st
48 4.8 8
2 Aizawl Tourism 2nd
33.5 3.35 7
3 Serchhip - Lunglei -Tlabung 3rd
27.75 2.78 6
4 Historical/ Cultural (Champhai) 4th
23.75 2.38 5
5 Scenic Beauty, Landscape, Lake, Wildlife, N.P., etc. 5th
18.5 1.85 4
6 Trekking, Mountaining, Adventure, etc. 6th
11 1.1 3
7 Interstate and International Trip 7th
8 0.8 2
8 Southern Mizoram 8th
4.5 0.45 1
Source: Primary data collected by the researcher.
8. The preferences were valued with percentage. Percentage of tourists preferring of each
category of attraction is considered as an index to judge the significance of that category. Higher
the percentage higher the weightage is marked here. Later on ranked based score was given to
each category starting with 8 as top rank score. From the analysis it was found that Mizoram has
a great value for its rural tourism. People are eager to see the rural life and traditional Mizo
people during their visit.
After identification of demand, it was all about the evaluation of the existing tourist
destination. The evaluation was completed with importance, accessibility, seasonality and
popularity. The fifth component fragility was ignored for all the destinations considering the
spots are non-fragile. In this evaluation process the highest score is 8 as aggregate top score,
followed by 4, 2 and 1 in average with four categories depending upon the classification scheme.
The classification is completely based on the personnel observation of the researcher and the
field experiences and interactions with number of tourists (both domestic and foreigner). Table 2
shows the ranking scheme for tourist supply or local availability.
Table: 2. Ranking Scheme of Tourist Destination after Ferrario
Selected category Rating scale weight
Importance Best
Very good
Average
Less appeal
2
1
0.5
0.25
Accessibility Perfect
Good
Average
Poor
2
1
0.5
0.25
Seasonality All time
6-9 months
3-6 months
< 3 months
2
1
0.5
0.25
Popularity Very popular
Popular
Somehow known
Rarely visited
2
1
0.5
0.25
Afterward the destinations were classified with demand and supply. It is important note
that both the categories are essential for any destinations to identify the potential score. Thus the
9. TP calculation for nearby tourist spots in Aizawl city was completed accordingly. The following
table (no. 3) is showing the detailed calculation of TP score for selected destinations.
Table: 3. Tourist Destinations Nearby Aizawl (after TP index)
Destination Demand Component Total Supply Component Total Index
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 A B C D
Hmuifang 8 7 6 - 4 3 - - 28 2 1 2 2 7 17.5
Reiek 8 7 - 5 4 3 - - 27 2 2 1 2 7 17
Aizawl - 7 - 5 4 3 - - 19 2 2 2 2 8 13.5
Falkawn 8 7 - - 4 - - - 19 1 2 2 1 6 12.5
Baktawng 8 - 6 - 4 - - - 18 1 1 2 2 6 12
Tamdil - 7 - 5 4 - - - 16 2 1 2 2 7 11.5
Ailawng 8 - - 5 4 - - - 17 1 1 2 1 5 11
Lungleng - 7 - 5 4 - - - 16 1 2 2 1 6 11
Sairang - 7 - - 4 3 - - 14 1 2 1 1 5 9.5
Seling - - 6 - 4 - - 1 11 1 2 2 1 6 8.5
State Museum - 7 - - - - - - 7 2 2 2 2 8 7.5
Lengpui - - - - 4 - 2 - 6 2 2 2 1 7 6.5
Saitual - - - 5 4 - - - 9 0.5 1 1 1 3.5 6.25
Chalfilh - - - - 4 3 - - 7 0.5 0.5 0.5 1 2.5 4.8
A total number of fourteen destinations were considered for the tourist potentiality index
calculation. The potentiality table revealed Hmuifang as the best potential destinations followed
by Reiek and Aizawl. Chalfilh scored least and placed at the bottom of the table. It is important
to mention that accessibility and connectivity are the two major hurdles for many of the tourist
destinations.
MARKING OF CIRCUIT
Based on the above definition and existing road map a circuit may be put forward for a
daylong tour. It is important to mention that depending upon the tourism map only circuits are
proposed here. Based on the available linkage the following circuits can be proposed:
1. Aizawl-Falkawn-Hmuifang (13.5 + 12.5 + 17.5 = 43.5) = 44
2. Aizawl- Ailawng-Reiek (13.5 + 17 + 11 = 41.5) = 42
3. Aizawl-Seling-Baktawng (13.5 + 8.5 + 12 = 34) = 34
4. Aizawl-Saitual-Tamdil (13.5 + 6.25 + 11.5 = 31.25) = 31
5. Aizawl-Sairang-Lengpui (13.5 + 9.5 + 6.5 = 29.5) = 30
6. Aizawl-Seling-Chalfilh (13.5 + 8.5 + 4.8 = 26.8) = 27
10.
11. After calculation of the destination score Aizawl-Falkawn-Hmuifang circuit become the
highest scoring among the proposed circuits. It is followed by the Aizawl-Ailawng-Reiek circuit.
Of course there are many minor destinations which are ignored in the present study. Aizawl city
circuit is excluded in the study as it is considered as the niche of all these circuits. On the other
hand to maintain the definition effective commercial place like Seling is considered here as a
mid-way resting point in various circuits. Biasness of the destination was tried to avoid
considering all major destinations only. This was in the light of govt. recommended/ identified
destinations which can be connected as circuit cord.
CONCLUSION
Tourism promotion can be compared to selling dreams. To sell dreams to tourists, they
must be beautiful and believable. In promoting circuit tourism in Aizawl region, the challenge is
to ensure that all the destinations spread across the region are equally successful in the
three key destination services characteristics: quality, consistency and integrity. Given the
premise above, it is the responsibility of both the public and private sectors to come
forward in developing Rural Tourism Promotion for Aizawl as well as Mizoram industry. This
will contribute significantly to the state economy and reduce unemployment, thereby bringing
manifold welfare to the society. The study thus highlighted a clear picture about the overall
tourist demand and few probable circuits for Aizawl Tourism. The identification as a result of
this study, is expected to help the tour planner as well as the government agencies to identify the
possibilities of successful tourism.
REFERENCE
Bhattacharya, P. (2004): Tourism in Assam: Trends and Potentialities, Bani Mandir, Guwahati.
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October 1977, SRI International.
Deka, G., and Pachuau, Rintluanga (2014): Trend of Tourism in Mizoram and its Associated
Problems, International Journal of Social Science and Linguistics, Year 3, Vol. 9, pp. 24-37.
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