a brief outline on Myricetin and some of its formulations and or marketed preparations are highlighted.

1. An outline on myricetin and its various formulations
Presented by: Dr. Juber Akhtar, Associate Professor,
Department of Pharmaceutics, Faculty of Pharmacy,
Integral University, Lucknow.

2. 1
Introduction
Pharmacological activities of Myricetin
Metabolism of Myricetin
Available Indian patent applications
Some formulations of Myricetin
Few available marketed preparations of Myricetin
Conclusion
References
Opportunities
List of Content

3. Introduction
2
Myricetin or Cannabiscetin or Myricetol or
Myricitin
A common plant-derived flavonoid and is
well recognised for its nutraceuticals value.
First isolated in the late eighteenth century
from the bark of Myrica nagi Thumb.
(Myricaceae), harvested in India, as light
yellow-coloured crystals [1].

4. 3
■ Sultana and Anwar demonstrated the flavonol contents of
some fruits, vegetables, and medicinal plants. The total myricetin
content in the plant species ranged from 146.2 to 1660.9 mg/kg of
dry matter.
■ Among the plants evaluated, spinach (1660.9 mg/kg),
cauliflower (1586.9 mg/kg), carrot (525.3 mg/kg), turnip (457.0
mg/kg), and peas (146.2 mg/kg) were shown to have high content
of myricetin while cabbage, onion, and garlic-lacked myricetin [2].
■ A more extensive list of myricetin aglycone content in foods,
converted from glycoside values using conversion factors based on
the molecular weight of the specific compounds, was composed by
the United States Department of Agriculture [3].

5. 4
Chemical Structure of Myricetin
IUPAC name: 3,5,7-Trihydroxy-2-(3’,4’,5’ - trihydroxyphenyl)-4-chromenone.
Other name: 4,5,7-trihydroxyisoflavone myricitrin (myricetin 3-rhamnoside).
Hydrolysis
Myricetin [4].

6. 5
Molecular formula: C15H10O8 .
Molecular weight: 318.23 g/mol
MP: 3570C [5].
Storage temp: 250C
Form: Powder
Color: Yellow
Water solubility: Poorly soluble in water (16.6 µg/mL) [6].
Stability: Most stable at a pH 2.0 [4].

7. 6
Pharmacological activities of Myricetin [7].

8. 7
→ Myricetin reduced oxidative stress in the brain of flies
with Parkinson’s [8].
→ Myricetin may be used in Alzheimer’s.
→ Myricetin also responsible for quenching photoaging-
causing free radicals within the skin » may be suitable for
further development as an anti-aging agent for skin care [9].

9. 8
• Metabolism of Myricetin
 The minute quantity of the myricetin is absorbed by the
gastrointestinal tract, whereas the rest is metabolized by the
gastrointestinal microflora. The liver is mainly the major metabolic site
for the metabolism of the absorbed myricetin, followed by the intestinal
wall and kidney. The major metabolites of myricetin is 3,5-
dihydroxyphenylacetic acid, that is excreted in the urine [4].
Available Indian Patent Applications
 Composition comprising Myricetin and Capsaicin and uses thereof; Indian
Patent 3898/CHE/2011; November 14th 2011; Inventors : CS Vivekbabu,
Humaira Fatima, Gurumurthy and Navin Kumar Sharma [Indian Patent
Application] 2011.
 Composition comprising Luteolin and Myricetin and uses thereof; Indian
Patent 3897/CHE/2011; November 14th 2011; Inventors : Humaira Fatima, CS
Vivekbabu, Gurumurthy and Navin Kumar Sharma [Indian Patent
Application] 2011

10. 9
Some formulations of Myrecitin with preparation
techniques, analytical methods and rationale thereof
Micelles
ophthalmic
solutions
Kolliphor
Nanoencapsulation IR, DSC
Enhancement of
bioavailability
[10]

11. 10
Solid lipid nanoparticles
Tween 80 and
Poloxamer 407
Nanoencapsulation
HPLC
Prolongation
of the half
life [11]

12. 11

13. 12
Conclusion
● Though myricetin showed amazing potential in curing the
oral and topical delivery for a number of pharmacological
activities, still its scientific conversions are required to
facilitate its intensity.
● Some advances in novel drug delivery systems are discussed
to achieve successful formulations with improved solubility
and bioavailability of myrecitin. We may target delivery of
myricetin to different organs.

14. 13
[1] Perkin AG, Hummel JJ. LXXVI.—The colouring principle contained in the bark
of Myrica nagi. Part I. Journal of the Chemical Society, Transactions. 1896;69:
1287-94.
[2] Sultana B, Anwar F. Flavonols (kaempeferol, quercetin, myricetin) contents of
selected fruits, vegetables and medicinal plants. Food Chemistry. 2008;108: 879-84.
[3] US Department of Agriculture. USDA database for the flavonoid content of
selected foods. Beltsville (MD): US Department of Agriculture, 2003.
[4] Ren S, Liu M, Hong C, Li G, Sun J, Wang J, Zhang L, Xie Y. The effects of pH,
surfactant, ion concentration, coformer, and molecular arrangement on the solubility
behavior of myricetin cocrystals. Acta pharmaceutica sinica B. 2019 ;9: 59-73.
[5] Perkin AG. XXI.—Myricetin. Part II. Journal of the Chemical Society,
Transactions. 1902;81: 203-10.
[6] Yao Y, Lin G, Xie Y, Ma P, Li G, Meng Q, Wu T. Preformulation studies of
myricetin: a natural antioxidant flavonoid. Die Pharmazie-An International Journal
of Pharmaceutical Sciences. 2014;69: 19-26.

15. 14
[7] Semwal D, Semwal R, Combrinck S, Viljoen A. Myricetin: A dietary molecule
with diverse biological activities. Nutrients. 2016;8: 90.
[8] Ara G, Afzal M, Jyoti S, Siddique YH. Effect of Myricetin on the Oxidative
Stress Markers in the Brain of Transgenic Flies Expressing Human Alpha-
Synuclein. International Journal of Nutrition, Pharmacology, Neurological
Diseases. 2017;7: 101.
[9] Huang JH, Huang CC, Fang JY, Yang C, Chan CM, Wu NL, Kang SW, Hung
CF. Protective effects of myricetin against ultraviolet-B-induced damage in human
keratinocytes. Toxicology in vitro. 2010;24: 21-8.
[10] Hou Y, Zhang F, Lan J, Sun F, Li J, Li M, Song K, Wu X. Ultra-small
micelles based on polyoxyl 15 hydroxystearate for ocular delivery of myricetin:
optimization, in vitro, and in vivo evaluation. Drug delivery. 2019 ;26: 158-67.
[11] Gaber DM, Nafee N, Abdallah OY. Myricetin solid lipid nanoparticles:
Stability assurance from system preparation to site of action. European Journal of
Pharmaceutical Sciences. 2017 Nov 15;109: 569-80.