Drupal is a modular framework written in the PHP scripting language that contains a CMS, a module system, and an API for rapid development of websites and web applications.

1. Say Hi ,
To Drupal

2. How Web Works?

3. How Web Works ?
The server: This is the “where” –
It tells your computer the name
of the computer serving the
requested page.
The path: This is the “what” – It
indicates which page you’re
interested in accessing on the
requested website.
The protocol (HTTP stands for HyperText Transfer Protocol) - This is the “how”- It tells
your computer which conventions to use when talking to the computer serving the
requested page.

4. What is CMS?
A content management system (CMS) is a computer
application that supports the creation and
modification of digital content using a common user
interface and thus usually supporting multiple users
working in a collaborative environment.

5. What does using a Content Management
System (CMS) buy you?
It’s easy for the non-technically
minded.

6. What does using a Content Management
System (CMS) buy you?
It allows multiple users.

7. What does using a Content Management
System (CMS) buy you?
It streamlines scheduling.

8. What does using a Content Management
System (CMS) buy you?
It improves site maintenance.

9. What does using a Content Management
System (CMS) buy you?
Design changes are simple.

10. What does using a Content Management
System (CMS) buy you?
It helps you manage content.
You’re in control.

11. What are your
options?
Many Content Management Systems (CMS)
are available:
Drupal
Joomla
WordPress
Expression Engine
WebGUI
Plone

12. DRUPAL

13. Drupal
× Drupal is a modular framework written in the
PHP scripting language that contains a CMS, a
module system, and an API for rapid
development of websites and web applications.
× It can be used to create a web blog, e-
commerce store, photo gallery, or social
networking website.

14. Open Source
Free and Open Source software
You can modify the software
Why Drupal?
Community
Large and vibrant community
of users and developers
Many people testing it, finding
security issues, etc.
Architecture
It has Flexible architecture, You
can create your own modules
for custom features and own
design
Standards
Core software is PHP/MySQL,
giving many hosting options.
Output uses XHTML, CSS,
JavaScript, so compatible with
most browsers

15. Drupal Community
Forums on Drupal.org ( http://drupal.org/forum )
IRC channels
Drupal Groups at http://groups.drupal.org
Regional and language-based websites
Camps and conferences

16. Disadvantages of Drupal
× Flexibility = Complexity
× May not be the best alternative for simple or
single-functionality sites
× Takes some time to learn
× Takes some time to set up
× Free and Open Source = No guarantees
× Free support options may or may not be
responsive.
× Features you need may or may not be available.
× Your feature requests and bug reports may or
may not be acted upon

17. Lets Dive into Drupal !!

18. PHP
× Drupal is written in PHP
× Web application scripting language
× Open source language sponsored by Zend
× PHP is actually written in C
× Easy to learn

19. How PHP Works
× PHP is run by the web server
× PHP code embedded in web pages is compiled and
interpreted when the page is requested
× Uncompiled code means portability and rapid
refactoring
× PHP is truly dynamic
× Even variable names can be dynamic
× Code can include other scripts or libraries

20. Data Persistence
× Like most web applications Drupal needs to store
data
× Data is in a database (MySQL)
× Database means content changes happen in the
database rather than in code or on files
× Makes for easy portability and backup
× Access via code, or directly at command line
× SQL is a standard, popular, well understood language

21. “You don’t learn to walk by
following rules. You learn
by doing and falling over.

22. How to install Drupal
× You need a database and a web server with PHP already
running
× Create a database for the Drupal site
× Download the Drupal code from Drupal.org
× Point web browser and Drupal root and the rest is
automated

23. Composition of Drupal
× Drupal includes a common set of files used to
“bootstrap” Drupal.
× Set up database connections, provide authentication,
present output, etc.
× Drupal has additional modules
× These are dynamically included depending on
configuration

24. Running Drupal
× Every Drupal request goes to index.php, even if the URL
looks like a different location
× Index.php does bootstrapping
× checks database for enabled modules
× loads modules that are appropriate
× checks permissions
× queries database for content
× applies theme
× renders the page

25. Drupal file-system structure
× /includes - Drupal core PHP files
× /misc - Various image and js
files
× /modules - Core modules
× /profiles - Profile settings (own tree)
× /scripts - Maintenance non-web scripts

26. Top Level Files
× Several critical php files:
× cron.php - web interface for
scheduled tasks
× index.php - everything flows through
index.php
× install.php - installation file
× update.php - update install (for new
modules)
× xmlrpc.php - provide remote

27. Drupal terminology
× Drupal uses a lot of words that have very specific
meaning:
× Module
× Theme
× Block

28. What is a “module”
× Modular piece of code that extends Drupal
× Uses the Drupal API
× Just a set of functions defined in the Drupal core
(or other modules)
× Provide drop in functionality

29. Themes
× Drupal takes a similar approach to display
× Display is a separate area of Drupal
× Many components of Drupal are defined in the
“theme”
× Themes are comprised of HTML, CSS, PHP and
imagery
× Themes utilize the same hierarchy as modules

30. Advantage of Themes
× Themes follow a convention (standardization)
× Can easily be swapped out to quickly change or
upgrade the look of a site
× Useful because theme developers need not
necessarily be Drupal developers (or PHP
programmers)

31. Blocks
× Blocks are pieces of content placed in regions of Drupal
pages
× Blocks are arbitrary pieces of content
× Usually the stuff that appears in sidebar, header and
footer content
× Blocks can be content, forms, special lists, polls, or
arbitrary HTML

32. Content Types
× “Page” and “Article” are two default content types
× The titles are arbitrary
× Content types define input fields and how the
content is displayed
× New content types can easily be created

33. Nodes
× Drupal organizes most content around the concept of a
“node”
× Nodes are just pieces of content
× Only a few things aren't nodes – users, groups, modules,
and themes being the main ones
× Other stuff, from calendar events, to RSS feed items, to
page content is a node

34. How Nodes Work
× Nodes support versioning
× As a result node content is stored in the
node_revisions table
× The Drupal “node” table only stores metadata about
nodes
× Nodes can have various modules applied to them to

35. Organizing Nodes
× There are all sorts of nodes, how do we keep them organized?
× Drupal supports a categorization of nodes that allows for
various node “definitions”
× Content types allow Drupal users to define various fields for
different types of nodes
× For instance, one node might include a URL, another a title
× Using “fields” specific to node types allows sorting and display
(rather than having the data stuck in a node “body”)

36. Taxonomy
× Taxonomy is another way to organize content
× Taxonomy are “tags” that are applied to content
× “Vocabularies” set up as taxonomies
× Vocabularies then contain terms
× Taxonomies can be extended and used for various
rules in the Drupal back end

37. Menus
× Drupal menu system is also fairly arbitrary
× Display and positioning is controlled by themes
× Three default menus:
× Navigation
× Primary links
× Secondary links

38. Users and Roles
× Drupal allows users to create accounts
× Users are assigned to roles
× Create a new role if required.
× By default three roles are defined in Drupal

39. Permissions
× Drupal utilizes a Role Based Access Control (RBAC)
system
× Users are assigned to roles, roles receive permissions
× Permissions are set through the Drupal administration
interface
× Uid 1 user (created during install) has all permissions
× When in doubt: it's a permissions issue :)

40. Got Drupal, now what?
× Drupal out of the box doesn't look like much
× Drupal is extremely flexible but requires a lot of
configuration
× Changing Drupal after deployment is a pain, so you must
plan carefully
× Drupal is a framework that doesn't make assumptions
about use cases

41. Next Session
× More than Basics in Drupal
× Blogs
× Comments
× Dynamic Listing of your Content
× Configure a Drupal 8 site

42. Thanks!
Any questions?
You can find me at
sanket.jain@innoraft.com