The document proposes the "AMPA" project, which aims to improve the cycle time of antenna phase testing. It discusses developing a proof of concept, getting feedback, and implementing a production solution. Test results showed excellent correlation between the AMPA method and flying probe measurements. The document also evaluates three new layouts for integrating AMPA into a production test station.
1. The document proposes a novel adaptive optics approach combining conventional and sensorless adaptive optics to optimize coupling between an adaptive optics system and single mode fibers.
2. It describes a laboratory experiment demonstrating this approach, achieving 56% coupling efficiency by correcting non-common path aberrations in static mode and maintaining stability during turbulence.
3. The approach was also tested on a 1.5m telescope, improving starlight coupling from 11% to 63% by applying the sensorless correction in static mode.
Un dispositivo de almacenamiento es un dispositivo capaz de leer y escribir información de forma permanente. Actualmente existen muchos tipos de dispositivos de almacenamiento internos y externos que pueden almacenar grandes cantidades de datos, incluyendo discos duros, tarjetas de memoria, unidades ópticas como CDs y DVDs. Los dispositivos de almacenamiento juegan un papel fundamental al permitir almacenar y transportar información de manera segura y disponible.
El documento describe las tecnologías de la información y la comunicación (TIC), incluyendo las redes, terminales y servicios TIC. Explica que las TIC incluyen recursos, procedimientos y técnicas para procesar, almacenar y transmitir información utilizando computadoras, programas e internet. Describe varios tipos de redes como la telefonía fija y móvil, banda ancha, redes de televisión y redes domésticas inalámbricas. También describe varios tipos de terminales como ordenadores, tel
Uso y aplicaciones de las 3E en el Museo Nacional de Historia NaturalClaudio Gómez
Presentación dada en el Seminario "3E, Encuentro de Estadísticas, Evaluación y Estudios de Público de Museos", organizado por la Subdirección de Museos, de la Dibam, y el Museo Interactivo Mirador (MIM).
This document contains a monthly calendar for the year 2016. It lists the days of each month across the top and includes holidays and observances noted within the dates. Key religious and cultural events are labeled, including Diwali, Christmas, Independence Day, Ganesh Chaturthi, Holi, and others. Contact information is provided at the bottom for the creator of the calendar.
The document discusses the history and types of books. It describes how books originated as tablets and scrolls in antiquity and then evolved to manuscripts and wood block printing in the Middle Ages. Books are categorized by genre such as fiction, non-fiction, biography, arts and more. In addition to reading, books serve other purposes like artistic displays, social discussion, academic analysis, and decorating. Reading books provides new perspectives and insights that can enrich one's understanding of the world. Books are also important for uncovering new historical discoveries and revising existing knowledge.
El documento describe las tecnologías de la información y la comunicación (TIC), explicando que estas incluyen recursos, procedimientos y técnicas para procesar, almacenar y transmitir información de manera distribuida y remota utilizando diversos dispositivos como teléfonos móviles y computadoras. Además, presenta varias clasificaciones de las TIC según su función, como medios transmisivos, activos e interactivos, y describe algunas de sus aplicaciones principales en áreas como la educación, administración, empresa, guerra
1. The document proposes a novel adaptive optics approach combining conventional and sensorless adaptive optics to optimize coupling between an adaptive optics system and single mode fibers.
2. It describes a laboratory experiment demonstrating this approach, achieving 56% coupling efficiency by correcting non-common path aberrations in static mode and maintaining stability during turbulence.
3. The approach was also tested on a 1.5m telescope, improving starlight coupling from 11% to 63% by applying the sensorless correction in static mode.
Un dispositivo de almacenamiento es un dispositivo capaz de leer y escribir información de forma permanente. Actualmente existen muchos tipos de dispositivos de almacenamiento internos y externos que pueden almacenar grandes cantidades de datos, incluyendo discos duros, tarjetas de memoria, unidades ópticas como CDs y DVDs. Los dispositivos de almacenamiento juegan un papel fundamental al permitir almacenar y transportar información de manera segura y disponible.
El documento describe las tecnologías de la información y la comunicación (TIC), incluyendo las redes, terminales y servicios TIC. Explica que las TIC incluyen recursos, procedimientos y técnicas para procesar, almacenar y transmitir información utilizando computadoras, programas e internet. Describe varios tipos de redes como la telefonía fija y móvil, banda ancha, redes de televisión y redes domésticas inalámbricas. También describe varios tipos de terminales como ordenadores, tel
Uso y aplicaciones de las 3E en el Museo Nacional de Historia NaturalClaudio Gómez
Presentación dada en el Seminario "3E, Encuentro de Estadísticas, Evaluación y Estudios de Público de Museos", organizado por la Subdirección de Museos, de la Dibam, y el Museo Interactivo Mirador (MIM).
This document contains a monthly calendar for the year 2016. It lists the days of each month across the top and includes holidays and observances noted within the dates. Key religious and cultural events are labeled, including Diwali, Christmas, Independence Day, Ganesh Chaturthi, Holi, and others. Contact information is provided at the bottom for the creator of the calendar.
The document discusses the history and types of books. It describes how books originated as tablets and scrolls in antiquity and then evolved to manuscripts and wood block printing in the Middle Ages. Books are categorized by genre such as fiction, non-fiction, biography, arts and more. In addition to reading, books serve other purposes like artistic displays, social discussion, academic analysis, and decorating. Reading books provides new perspectives and insights that can enrich one's understanding of the world. Books are also important for uncovering new historical discoveries and revising existing knowledge.
El documento describe las tecnologías de la información y la comunicación (TIC), explicando que estas incluyen recursos, procedimientos y técnicas para procesar, almacenar y transmitir información de manera distribuida y remota utilizando diversos dispositivos como teléfonos móviles y computadoras. Además, presenta varias clasificaciones de las TIC según su función, como medios transmisivos, activos e interactivos, y describe algunas de sus aplicaciones principales en áreas como la educación, administración, empresa, guerra
Este manual proporciona instrucciones para el uso de una videocámara Sony. Incluye secciones sobre la preparación de la videocámara, operaciones básicas como videofilmación y reproducción, operaciones avanzadas como el uso de diferentes modos y funciones, y información adicional sobre el mantenimiento de la videocámara. El manual cubre cuatro modelos de videocámara y destaca las diferencias entre ellos.
Este documento presenta una serie de ejercicios sobre sumas y restas de vectores utilizando diferentes métodos como el triángulo, paralelogramo y polígono. También incluye ejercicios para hallar vectores resultantes, módulos y distancias de vectores dados utilizando métodos analíticos y gráficos. El documento contiene 14 ejercicios para ser resueltos.
O documento discute os riscos de comprar pneus de baixa qualidade em hipermercados. Explica que as listras coloridas nos pneus indicam defeitos e que esses pneus vêm da França por serem rejeitados lá. Também sugere que as autoridades permitem a venda desses pneus ruins para arrecadar mais impostos com acidentes.
Reportagem Filha - 2008 - Sobre Telescópio James WebbChris x-MS
A NASA começou a polir o espelho primário gigante de 6,5 metros de diâmetro do Telescópio Espacial James Webb, o sucessor do Hubble, para melhorar sua precisão. O espelho será lançado ao espaço em 2018 para permitir que astrônomos observem as primeiras galáxias formadas depois do Big Bang.
Implementing Electrical and Simulation Rule Checks to ensure Signal QualityEMA Design Automation
Join Matthew Harms as he discusses a unique multi-tiered strategy to board analysis & verification designed to enable designers of all skill levels to analyze their PCB designs early in the development cycle when the cost of change is the lowest. Matthew will show how Cadence has created a multi-tier analysis environment that lets designers start with a set of pre-defined Electrical Rule Checks (ERC) that can be run on the board to quickly identify areas of interest or concern all without the need for any complex models or configurations. Based on these initial 1st order results Matthew will show how design teams can then effectively target critical nets with 2nd order (Simulation Rule Checks) and 3rd order (Power Aware Signal Integrity) analysis as needed to simulate with greater detail and achieve complete electrical design signoff.
The document describes the design, modeling, control, and testing of a non-rare earth flux switching permanent magnet (FSPM) machine. Key points:
1) A novel FSPM design is presented that addresses common issues like cogging torque, noise, vibration, and demagnetization.
2) An advanced mathematical model of the FSPM is developed that includes magnetic saturation and mutual coupling effects.
3) Field oriented control and co-simulation of the FSPM drive system is discussed, showing good agreement between simulation and experimental results.
4) Testing of an FSPM prototype is described, with experimental no-load back EMF and torque measurements matching simulation results.
Let's add the missing neighbor to the neighbor list. This will allow the UE to add the strong neighbor cell to its active set and maintain the call quality.
Scalable NDT Instruments for the Inspection of Variable Geometry ComponentsOlympus IMS
For the past several years, the aviation industry has seen above normal growth due, in part, to lower oil prices, saving major aircraft operators millions of dollars. As a result of this outstanding growth, production rates for new airplanes have increased and new aircraft programs are being launched. Consequently, aviation component manufacturers are facing new challenges including a rise in production rates, a high probability of detection (POD) due to the critical nature of the parts being manufactured, lack of skilled operators, and parts with increasingly complex geometry.
Ultrasonic phased array (PA) instruments have evolved, enabling an increase in inspection speeds and the implementation of advanced acquisition strategies. The introduction of scalable instruments and advanced acquisition strategies helps manufacturers address the inspection challenges they are facing. Scalability can now be used for nondestructive testing (NDT), enabling system integrators and manufacturers to improve the performance of their solutions by using multiple instruments in parallel. The evolution of electronic components enables advanced acquisition strategies, such as adaptive ultrasound, to be implemented. Adaptive ultrasound simplifies the inspection of complex components and improves the POD by using innovative signal-processing algorithms.
This paper presents an overview of scalable NDT instruments with the goal of helping NDT integrators and manufacturers to address the challenges they are facing in terms of system performance, production output, and quality control.
The document provides information about conducting a Single Cell Functional Test (SCFT) procedure. It outlines the objectives of the SCFT, which are to understand how to perform the test and understand the workflow management system. It describes who should attend the training, including field engineers, drive test engineers, and area managers. The agenda covers topics like the SCFT process, preparations required, the drive test, using the testing tools, and important notes.
1. The document describes quality maintenance processes for shock absorbers at Magneti Marelli Motherson Shock Absorbers India.
2. It details steps taken to restore equipment to proper working condition, such as changing bolts and fittings, to address known causes of defects.
3. Metrics like Cpk were improved from below 1 to over 2 for critical dimensions like piston groove diameter and piston end diameter, indicating the establishment of zero defect conditions.
The document provides a quality engineering development summary with updates from February 2011. It includes:
- An introduction of the quality assurance organization chart and jobs/responsibilities.
- Summaries of processes like quality alerts, defect potential assessments, customer complaints, audits, and design of experiments that were conducted from July 2010 to February 2011.
- Details of customer issues, investigations conducted, root cause analysis and corrective actions implemented in response to issues from customers like Skyworks, Sitime, Elmos, Maxim and Melexis.
- Information about training provided on problem solving techniques and other quality topics.
So in summary, the document outlines the quality processes, customer issues addressed, and trainings
This document discusses radiation test results and application-oriented sensitivity of the Atmel ATF280E radiation-hardened SRAM-based FPGA. Radiation testing showed the device has high tolerance to single event effects, with configuration SEU cross-section below 5x10^-3 per device. Application-oriented analysis identifies sensitive configuration bits to provide a more realistic error rate estimate than worst-case analysis. Future work includes fault injection studies and a new 65nm FPGA architecture is under development.
The document provides instructions for experiments to be conducted in the Control Systems Lab course at BTL Institute of Technology and Management in Bangalore, India. It lists 11 experiments involving designing and analyzing compensating networks, studying controller performance, and using MATLAB/SCILAB for simulations. The experiments are divided into two cycles, with the first cycle focusing on hardware implementations and the second on software simulations. Specific procedures are given for designing and characterizing lead and lag compensators.
PASS/START-PROF What's new in 4.84 versionAlex Matveev
- The document describes new features in version 4.84 of PASS/START-PROF software including added support for new codes, updated material databases, enhanced seismic analysis capabilities, and new objects to model process equipment like vessels, pumps, heat exchangers.
- Key additions include support for importing/exporting models to/from various 3D modeling software, updated material properties to match recent code revisions, and the ability to analyze stresses in polyurethane insulation.
- The updated software allows for more accurate modeling of piping systems with new features like minimum design metal temperature calculation, local buckling checks, and inspection impact requirements.
This document provides an overview of ABB transformers and manufacturing facilities in China. It discusses ABB's common design concept called TrafoStar, which utilizes a global design platform and database. TrafoStar aims to optimize transformer performance and quality. The document also outlines key features of ABB transformers, including their short circuit withstand capability, low sound levels, high quality accessories, and energy efficiency. It promotes evaluating transformers based on total ownership cost over the life cycle to find the most economical solution.
Smart mm-Wave Beam Steering Algorithm for Fast Link Re-Establishment under No...Avishek Patra
Millimeter-wave (mm-wave) wireless local area networks (WLANs) are expected to provide multi-Gbps connectivity by exploiting a large amount of unoccupied spectrum in e.g. the unlicensed 60 GHz band. However, to overcome the high path loss inherent at these high frequencies, mm-wave networks must employ highly directional beamforming antennas, which make link establishment and maintenance much more challenging than in traditional omnidirectional networks. In particular, maintaining connectivity under node mobility necessitates frequent re-steering of the transmit and receive antenna beams to re-establish a directional mm-wave link. A simple exhaustive sequential scanning to search for new feasible antenna sector pairs may introduce excessive delay, potentially disrupting communication and lowering the QoS. In this paper, we propose a smart beam steering algorithm for fast 60 GHz link re-establishment under node mobility, which uses knowledge of previously feasible sector pairs to narrow the sector search space, thereby reducing the associated latency overhead. We evaluate the performance of our algorithm in several representative indoor scenarios, based on detailed simulations of signal propagation in a 60 GHz WLAN in WinProp with realistic building materials. We study the effect of indoor layout, antenna sector beamwidth, node mobility pattern, and device orientation awareness. Our results show that the smart beam steering algorithm achieves a 7-fold reduction of the sector search space on average, which directly translates into lower 60 GHz link re-establishment latency. Our results also show that our fast search algorithm selects the near-optimal antenna sector pair for link re-establishment.
This document describes an arc flash exercise involving entering input data for an arc flash study on a power system. It lists the required input data in tables, including equipment parameters, transformer and motor data, load parameters, and protective device settings. The procedure has the user enter the required data, run an arc flash calculation, and observe that the results exceed NFPA limits for two locations. It prompts modifying settings or adding devices to reduce the incident energy at those locations.
The document summarizes tests conducted on commercial video processors (CSPs) to evaluate their suitability for use in space applications. Preliminary tests on 5 CSP candidates from 2 manufacturers led to the selection of 1 part based on latchup sensitivity and electrical performance. Further lot evaluation tests included electrical characterization over temperature, dynamic life testing, and radiation tests for total ionizing dose and single event effects. The goal was to determine if the selected commercial CSP could be recommended for use in space payloads.
1) The document provides information about a webinar on constant spring supports hosted by Piping Technology & Products, including an overview of constant spring supports, their design process, features, testing procedures, maintenance and replacement criteria.
2) Details are given on the different types of constant spring supports as well as information sheets and examples of spring sizing.
3) The webinar covers value-added services offered by Piping Technology & Products such as engineering, field services, product testing, inventory and technical literature.
Este manual proporciona instrucciones para el uso de una videocámara Sony. Incluye secciones sobre la preparación de la videocámara, operaciones básicas como videofilmación y reproducción, operaciones avanzadas como el uso de diferentes modos y funciones, y información adicional sobre el mantenimiento de la videocámara. El manual cubre cuatro modelos de videocámara y destaca las diferencias entre ellos.
Este documento presenta una serie de ejercicios sobre sumas y restas de vectores utilizando diferentes métodos como el triángulo, paralelogramo y polígono. También incluye ejercicios para hallar vectores resultantes, módulos y distancias de vectores dados utilizando métodos analíticos y gráficos. El documento contiene 14 ejercicios para ser resueltos.
O documento discute os riscos de comprar pneus de baixa qualidade em hipermercados. Explica que as listras coloridas nos pneus indicam defeitos e que esses pneus vêm da França por serem rejeitados lá. Também sugere que as autoridades permitem a venda desses pneus ruins para arrecadar mais impostos com acidentes.
Reportagem Filha - 2008 - Sobre Telescópio James WebbChris x-MS
A NASA começou a polir o espelho primário gigante de 6,5 metros de diâmetro do Telescópio Espacial James Webb, o sucessor do Hubble, para melhorar sua precisão. O espelho será lançado ao espaço em 2018 para permitir que astrônomos observem as primeiras galáxias formadas depois do Big Bang.
Implementing Electrical and Simulation Rule Checks to ensure Signal QualityEMA Design Automation
Join Matthew Harms as he discusses a unique multi-tiered strategy to board analysis & verification designed to enable designers of all skill levels to analyze their PCB designs early in the development cycle when the cost of change is the lowest. Matthew will show how Cadence has created a multi-tier analysis environment that lets designers start with a set of pre-defined Electrical Rule Checks (ERC) that can be run on the board to quickly identify areas of interest or concern all without the need for any complex models or configurations. Based on these initial 1st order results Matthew will show how design teams can then effectively target critical nets with 2nd order (Simulation Rule Checks) and 3rd order (Power Aware Signal Integrity) analysis as needed to simulate with greater detail and achieve complete electrical design signoff.
The document describes the design, modeling, control, and testing of a non-rare earth flux switching permanent magnet (FSPM) machine. Key points:
1) A novel FSPM design is presented that addresses common issues like cogging torque, noise, vibration, and demagnetization.
2) An advanced mathematical model of the FSPM is developed that includes magnetic saturation and mutual coupling effects.
3) Field oriented control and co-simulation of the FSPM drive system is discussed, showing good agreement between simulation and experimental results.
4) Testing of an FSPM prototype is described, with experimental no-load back EMF and torque measurements matching simulation results.
Let's add the missing neighbor to the neighbor list. This will allow the UE to add the strong neighbor cell to its active set and maintain the call quality.
Scalable NDT Instruments for the Inspection of Variable Geometry ComponentsOlympus IMS
For the past several years, the aviation industry has seen above normal growth due, in part, to lower oil prices, saving major aircraft operators millions of dollars. As a result of this outstanding growth, production rates for new airplanes have increased and new aircraft programs are being launched. Consequently, aviation component manufacturers are facing new challenges including a rise in production rates, a high probability of detection (POD) due to the critical nature of the parts being manufactured, lack of skilled operators, and parts with increasingly complex geometry.
Ultrasonic phased array (PA) instruments have evolved, enabling an increase in inspection speeds and the implementation of advanced acquisition strategies. The introduction of scalable instruments and advanced acquisition strategies helps manufacturers address the inspection challenges they are facing. Scalability can now be used for nondestructive testing (NDT), enabling system integrators and manufacturers to improve the performance of their solutions by using multiple instruments in parallel. The evolution of electronic components enables advanced acquisition strategies, such as adaptive ultrasound, to be implemented. Adaptive ultrasound simplifies the inspection of complex components and improves the POD by using innovative signal-processing algorithms.
This paper presents an overview of scalable NDT instruments with the goal of helping NDT integrators and manufacturers to address the challenges they are facing in terms of system performance, production output, and quality control.
The document provides information about conducting a Single Cell Functional Test (SCFT) procedure. It outlines the objectives of the SCFT, which are to understand how to perform the test and understand the workflow management system. It describes who should attend the training, including field engineers, drive test engineers, and area managers. The agenda covers topics like the SCFT process, preparations required, the drive test, using the testing tools, and important notes.
1. The document describes quality maintenance processes for shock absorbers at Magneti Marelli Motherson Shock Absorbers India.
2. It details steps taken to restore equipment to proper working condition, such as changing bolts and fittings, to address known causes of defects.
3. Metrics like Cpk were improved from below 1 to over 2 for critical dimensions like piston groove diameter and piston end diameter, indicating the establishment of zero defect conditions.
The document provides a quality engineering development summary with updates from February 2011. It includes:
- An introduction of the quality assurance organization chart and jobs/responsibilities.
- Summaries of processes like quality alerts, defect potential assessments, customer complaints, audits, and design of experiments that were conducted from July 2010 to February 2011.
- Details of customer issues, investigations conducted, root cause analysis and corrective actions implemented in response to issues from customers like Skyworks, Sitime, Elmos, Maxim and Melexis.
- Information about training provided on problem solving techniques and other quality topics.
So in summary, the document outlines the quality processes, customer issues addressed, and trainings
This document discusses radiation test results and application-oriented sensitivity of the Atmel ATF280E radiation-hardened SRAM-based FPGA. Radiation testing showed the device has high tolerance to single event effects, with configuration SEU cross-section below 5x10^-3 per device. Application-oriented analysis identifies sensitive configuration bits to provide a more realistic error rate estimate than worst-case analysis. Future work includes fault injection studies and a new 65nm FPGA architecture is under development.
The document provides instructions for experiments to be conducted in the Control Systems Lab course at BTL Institute of Technology and Management in Bangalore, India. It lists 11 experiments involving designing and analyzing compensating networks, studying controller performance, and using MATLAB/SCILAB for simulations. The experiments are divided into two cycles, with the first cycle focusing on hardware implementations and the second on software simulations. Specific procedures are given for designing and characterizing lead and lag compensators.
PASS/START-PROF What's new in 4.84 versionAlex Matveev
- The document describes new features in version 4.84 of PASS/START-PROF software including added support for new codes, updated material databases, enhanced seismic analysis capabilities, and new objects to model process equipment like vessels, pumps, heat exchangers.
- Key additions include support for importing/exporting models to/from various 3D modeling software, updated material properties to match recent code revisions, and the ability to analyze stresses in polyurethane insulation.
- The updated software allows for more accurate modeling of piping systems with new features like minimum design metal temperature calculation, local buckling checks, and inspection impact requirements.
This document provides an overview of ABB transformers and manufacturing facilities in China. It discusses ABB's common design concept called TrafoStar, which utilizes a global design platform and database. TrafoStar aims to optimize transformer performance and quality. The document also outlines key features of ABB transformers, including their short circuit withstand capability, low sound levels, high quality accessories, and energy efficiency. It promotes evaluating transformers based on total ownership cost over the life cycle to find the most economical solution.
Smart mm-Wave Beam Steering Algorithm for Fast Link Re-Establishment under No...Avishek Patra
Millimeter-wave (mm-wave) wireless local area networks (WLANs) are expected to provide multi-Gbps connectivity by exploiting a large amount of unoccupied spectrum in e.g. the unlicensed 60 GHz band. However, to overcome the high path loss inherent at these high frequencies, mm-wave networks must employ highly directional beamforming antennas, which make link establishment and maintenance much more challenging than in traditional omnidirectional networks. In particular, maintaining connectivity under node mobility necessitates frequent re-steering of the transmit and receive antenna beams to re-establish a directional mm-wave link. A simple exhaustive sequential scanning to search for new feasible antenna sector pairs may introduce excessive delay, potentially disrupting communication and lowering the QoS. In this paper, we propose a smart beam steering algorithm for fast 60 GHz link re-establishment under node mobility, which uses knowledge of previously feasible sector pairs to narrow the sector search space, thereby reducing the associated latency overhead. We evaluate the performance of our algorithm in several representative indoor scenarios, based on detailed simulations of signal propagation in a 60 GHz WLAN in WinProp with realistic building materials. We study the effect of indoor layout, antenna sector beamwidth, node mobility pattern, and device orientation awareness. Our results show that the smart beam steering algorithm achieves a 7-fold reduction of the sector search space on average, which directly translates into lower 60 GHz link re-establishment latency. Our results also show that our fast search algorithm selects the near-optimal antenna sector pair for link re-establishment.
This document describes an arc flash exercise involving entering input data for an arc flash study on a power system. It lists the required input data in tables, including equipment parameters, transformer and motor data, load parameters, and protective device settings. The procedure has the user enter the required data, run an arc flash calculation, and observe that the results exceed NFPA limits for two locations. It prompts modifying settings or adding devices to reduce the incident energy at those locations.
The document summarizes tests conducted on commercial video processors (CSPs) to evaluate their suitability for use in space applications. Preliminary tests on 5 CSP candidates from 2 manufacturers led to the selection of 1 part based on latchup sensitivity and electrical performance. Further lot evaluation tests included electrical characterization over temperature, dynamic life testing, and radiation tests for total ionizing dose and single event effects. The goal was to determine if the selected commercial CSP could be recommended for use in space payloads.
1) The document provides information about a webinar on constant spring supports hosted by Piping Technology & Products, including an overview of constant spring supports, their design process, features, testing procedures, maintenance and replacement criteria.
2) Details are given on the different types of constant spring supports as well as information sheets and examples of spring sizing.
3) The webinar covers value-added services offered by Piping Technology & Products such as engineering, field services, product testing, inventory and technical literature.
Ece 523 project – fully differential two stage telescopic op ampKarthik Rathinavel
• Designed a two stage op-amp with first stage as a telescopic amplifier and second stage being a common source, in Cadence.
• Simulated the loop characteristics of the amplifier to have atleast 100 MHz Unity Gain Bandwidth, 65 dB gain and 60º phase margin (both differential loop and Common Mode) for three temperature (27,-40,100) corners.
• Extracted the layout of the design in Virtuoso (after passing DRC an LVS) and simulated the differential loop performances of the extracted netlist.
• Designed a third order Butterworth filter with 100 KHz corner frequency using the op-amp.
The Plume Rise Model Enhancements (PRIME) formulation in AERMOD has been updated based new equations developed from wind tunnel measurements taken downwind of various solid and streamlined structures. These new equations, along with other building downwash improvements have been included as alpha options in the upcoming new version of AERMOD. The PRIME2 options include: • PRIME2UTurb which enables enhanced calculations of turbulence and wind speed • PRIME2Ueff which defines the height used to compute effective parameters Ueff, Sweff, Sveff and Tgeff at plume height and at 30 m • Streamline defines the set of constants for modeling all structures as streamlined. If omitted, rectangular building constants are used. The ORD Options include: • PRIMEUeff which controls the heights for which the wind speed is calculated for the main plume concentrations. • Average between plume height and receptor height recommended in ORD version • Default is current method in AERMOD, stack height wind speed. • PRIMETurb which adjusts the vertical turbulence intensity, wiz0 from 0.6 to 0.7. • PRIMECav modifies the cavity calculations These improvements aim to address important theoretical issues that significantly affect the accuracy of predicted concentrations subject to downwash effects. This research effort was funded in part by the American Petroleum Institute, the Electric Power Research Institute, the Corn Refiners Association and the American Forest & Paper Association. As part of it, the PRIME2 subcommittee under the A&WMA APM committee was formed to: (1) establish a mechanism to review, approve and implement new science into the model for this and future improvements; and (2) provide a technical review forum to improve the PRIME building downwash algorithms. Collaboration and cooperation from the EPA Office of Research and Development (ORD) has been on-going during the research project resulting in new alpha options aimed at solving known issues with the treatment of building downwash effects in AERMOD. The intent is that these experimental options will be tested by the user community to create enough justification to make these beta (approved on a case-by-case basis) and eventually default options in AERMOD. A preliminary evaluation for the following four cases will be presented: • Arconic- Davenport, IA (formerly Alcoa) • Mirant Potomac River Generating Station- Alexandria, VA • Basic American Foods- Blackfoot, ID • Oakley Generating Station- Oakley, CA The evaluation includes comparing 1-hr, 24-hr and annual averages along with Q-Q plots and isopleths. A discussion related to the results obtained will also be presented.
A renewed interest and scrutiny of downwash shortcomings has fueled a parallel, yet complementary effort, led by industry and EPA. Industrial groups funded the update to the Plume Rise Model Enhancements (PRIME) formulation in AERMOD based on new equations derived from wind tunnel measurements. Concurrently, EPA’s Office of Research and Development (ORD) conducted research that led to new enhancements to the downwash formulation.2 The new PRIME equations (PRIME2), along with EPA-ORD’s building downwash improvements, have been included as alpha options in an upcoming new EPA version of AERMOD.
As part of the renewed interest in building downwash, the PRIME2 subcommittee under the A&WMA APM committee was formed to: (1) establish a mechanism to review, approve and implement new science into the model for this and future improvements; and (2) provide a technical review forum to improve the PRIME building downwash algorithms. Collaboration and cooperation from EPA’s ORD and OAQPS have been on-going during this research project. These efforts included a downwash summit at EPA’s RTP facilities on February 16, 2018 where representatives of the PRIME2 committee and research funders met with EPA’s ORD and OAQPS staff to discuss the newly developed building downwash improvements. During that meeting it was decided that these enhancements would be included as new alpha options in AERMOD. The intent is that these experimental options will be tested by the user community to create enough justification to transition them to a beta status (approved on a case-by-case basis) and eventually to default options in AERMOD. An evaluation of some of these new downwash options is presented.
The document discusses recent changes to metal testing standards ISO 6892-1 and ASTM E8M, specifically regarding the addition of strain rate control methods. It explains that some metals are strain rate dependent and controlling strain rate leads to more repeatable and comparable tensile test results. It also discusses the challenges of achieving accurate strain rate control given compliance in the testing system and how Instron testing systems are able to meet the closed-loop strain rate requirements of ISO 6892-1 through high precision equipment and software.
Similar to AMPA, Actives Multiple Probes Array,Project Pitch to PWT and TEAK by Designer Stephen Nibblett (August 2013) - Copy (20)
AMPA, Actives Multiple Probes Array,Project Pitch to PWT and TEAK by Designer Stephen Nibblett (August 2013) - Copy
1. “AMPA” Actives Multiple Probes Array
Patch Antenna Near Field Phase Test Application
“AMPA” project pitch report to PWT & TEAK, seeking further development & implementation, with potential for licensing
ALL Concept, Design, Testing, Development and Documentation created and owned by Stephen Nibblett
(this report is dated August 3, 2013)
2. AMPA: Project Overview
ƒProject Goal:
ƒ Improvement of current antenna phase test processes for cycle time
ƒ Steps:
ƒ Test “proof of concept”, report result
ƒ Proceed to development stage, achieve project goal, receive feedback
ƒ Implement project feedback, test proto production solution (equip, process)
ƒ Submit final release implementation plan and project completion timeline
ƒ Expected Final Project Results:
ƒ Improvement on process cycle times
ƒ Improvement over current process accuracy, traceability and repeatability
ƒ Possible reduction of test station factory footprint, or assembly line integration
2
4. AMPA: Offset Data Measurement 4
GS
-40dB CPL
“Flying Probe” Reference Measurement
TERM
GS
-40dB CPL
“AMPA” Offset
Measurement
TERM
10dB
pad
Note: the 10dB pad simulates using the AMPA!
5. AMPA: Offset Data Set Calculation 5
“FP” Reference Measurement
“AMPA” Offset Measurement
“AMPA” Complex Offset Values
6. AMPA: Un-Calibrated
“DUT” & “Ref” Measurements
6
DUT
-10dB CPL
“FP” REFERENCE ONLY
Measurement
TERM
DUT
-10dB CPL
“AMPA” Un-Calibrated
Measurement
TERM
10dB
pad
8. AMPA: Final Test Result Measurement Error 8
“AMPA” CALIBRATED Measurement
“FP” REFERENCE Measurement
Calibrated “AMPA” Measurement Error
Note: this “method simulation” is a closed RF circuit; no actual antenna or near-field probes used yet!
23. AMPA Proto Improvement: Step 1 Findings
ƒ (Step 1 Implemented Fixes Omitted)
ƒ Inaccuracies presumably come (omitted), such as (omitted) or
inadequate (omitted) from (omitted)
ƒ Possibility of defective DUT or Golden Standard unit!
ƒ Revaluate Antenna patch to AMPA probe positioning
ƒ (Step 2 Planned Fixes Omitted)
23
34. AMPA Proto Hardware Development:
Improvements Testing Conclusion
ƒExcellent “Flying Probe” to “AMPA” measurement correlation!
ƒ Proceed to testing of full 1.8m size AMPA panel is now advised
ƒ Final hardware / jigging design and optimization should now proceed
ƒ Production Software team advised to proceed planning
IMPORTANT NOTE:
ƒ Original test data errata were due mostly to unintentional conditions:
ƒ GS1 reference unit had an older model patch design than DUT1 or GS2!!!
ƒ Result of Conditions: corrections not matched for patch designs across freq. band
ƒ Lesson Learned: DO NOT Cross-Test Different Antenna Design Versions!
34
36. Vertical Test Station Mod:
Phase Testing Position
36
• AMPA alignment jigging not shown
Motor / Pulley arrangement
37. 37
• AMPA alignment jigging not shown
Motor / Pulley arrangement
Vertical Test Station Mod:
RL & ISOL Testing Position
38. S-Param Testing New Layout 1:
Manual Insertion of AUT onto jig
38
• AUT fitted to locating holes
39. S-Param Testing New Layout 1:
Testing Start Position
39
• Barcode Camera (not scanner)
40. S-Param Testing New Layout 1:
AMPA phase testing
40
• AUT lifted to AMPA for phase
41. S-Param Testing New Layout 1:
AUT re-positioning
41
• AUT lowered from AMPA test
• AUT moved into isolation area
42. S-Param Testing New Layout 1:
Finish AUT Testing
42
• AUT tested for RL and ISO
• Could also implement PIM tests
(I designed lo/hi power RF switchboxes)
43. ƒ Advantages (from current layout):
ƒ Different typecodes can be ran concurrently without rejigging
ƒ Disadvantages:
ƒ Usage of motors or pneumatics overly complicated, expensive
ƒ Antenna weights can be excessive for some models
New S-Param Testing Layout 1:
Observations
43
44. S-Param Testing New Layout 2:
Phase Test Position
44
o AUT fitted to block locating holes
o AUT heights adjusted to AMPA:
• by adapter blocks
• by spring loaded block
• …or combination of both
45. S-Param Testing New Layout 2:
Phase Test Position
45
o AUT fitted to block locating holes
o AUT heights adjusted to AMPA:
• by adapter blocks
• by spring loaded block
• …or combination of both
46. S-Param Testing New Layout 2:
Phase Test Jigging
46
o AMPA height is fixed during testing
(SHOWN VIEW IS FROM USER SIDE; END VIEW SHOWN PREVIOUSLY)
47. S-Param Testing New Layout 2:
RL & ISO Test Position
47
o AMPA armature counter-weighted
o RL & ISO FOAM layers extended
NOTE: drop-down foam may NOT be needed
48. ƒ Advantages (from current layout):
ƒ Different typecodes can be ran concurrently without rejigging
ƒ Disadvantages:
ƒ Current test station hardware not utilized, not enough re-investment
New S-Param Testing Layout 2:
Observations
48
49. S-Param Testing New Layout 3:
RL & ISO Test Position
49
o AMPA counter-weighted, light handling
o Roll Handle for AMPA positioning
50. S-Param Testing New Layout 3:
RL & ISO Test Position
50
o AMPA “stored” at 90~180 degrees
o No immediate AUT proximity effects*
( * need verification test data! Updated: OK!!!)
51. S-Param Testing New Layout 3:
RL & ISO Test Position
51
AMPA-AUT Common Zero Position
52. S-Param Testing New Layout 3:
Phase Test Position
52
o AMPA-AUT alignment zone constant
o Each AUT model has adapter blocks
• Common AMPA zero positioning
• Custom heights adjustment
• Custom 1/2/3 row alignment
• Far end block distance not critical
o Common main mount hardware
(NOTE: AMPA rail alignment hardware not shown)
53. S-Param Testing New Layout 3:
Final Draft Hardware DWGs
Shown in:
a. RL and Isolation test position
b. Rotation
c. Phase test position
53
a.
b.
c.