antibiotics 7th semester chemotherapy

1. AMINOGLYCOSIDE
ANTIBIOTICS
BY MANISH DEOLALTAYADE

2. AMINOGLYCOSIDE
ACTINOMYCETES
ALKALINE
MYCIN
MICIN
GRAM
NEGETIVE
OXYGEN
SENSITIVE
CIDAL
ACTION

3. INTRODUCTION
• Amino sugars joined by glycosidic linkage.
• Derived from soil actinomycetes.
• To cross the cell membrane oxygen requires.
• Anaerobic bacteria are not susceptible.
• Have suffix mycin & micin.
• Show action in alkaline medium.
• First aminoglycoside was streptomycin (wakesman in 1944)
• Have cidal action.
• Inhibit protein synthesis.
• Not absorbed orally given parenterally.
• Eliminated unchanged by kidney.
• Poor BBB penetration.

4. classification
• On the basis of administration
SYSTEMIC
1. Streptomycin
2. Gentamicin
3. Kanamycin
4. Amikacin
5. Capreomycin
6. Tobramycin
7. Sisomycin
8. Paromomycin
9. Netilmicin
TOPICAL
1. Neomycin
2. Framycetin

5. MECHANISM OF ACTION
• Inside cell aminoglycoside binds to 30s ribosomal subunit.
• Inhibit bacterial protein synthesis.
• It inhibit m-RNA initiation complex.
• Aminoglycosides causes misreading of m-RNA.
• Dose dependant killing.
RESISTANCE
• Decreased affinity for ribosome.---- mutation
• Decreased permeability through cell membrane.
• Aminoglycosides inactivating enzymes.

6. ADVERSE EFFECTS
• Ototoxicity  vestibular by streptomycin & gentamicin
Cochlear toxicity by kanamycin & amikacin
• Nephrotoxicity  maximum with neomycin > gentamycin > streptomycin
• Neuromuscular blocking action
Curare like effect . Block neuromuscular transmission.

7. USES
• Narrow spectrum activity aerobic gram negative bacteria
• Streptomycin tuberculosis , plague, brucellosis
• Amikacin , kanamycin  multi drug resistanceTB.
• Gentamicin  UTI, pneumonia, meningitis, eye drop.
• Neomycin  skin infection , burns, ulcer, wound, eye & ear.
In hepatic coma systemic use.

8. FOLLOW @thepositive_diaries