Why alcohol consumption is bad and what are the counter methods what are NCDs(no communicable diseases) and their

1. Alcohol and it’s
Effects on NCDs
Presentation by Group 2

2. Group Members
ARYAN SINGH
HARISHREE PATEL
SALWA ANWARI
KRISHNA JOSHI
NANDINI CHOKSI
AASTHA VYAS
ALEX KASWALALA

3. Presentation Outline
TABLE OF
CONTENTS
• NCD
• Alcohol consumption &
NCDs
• Harmful use of Alcohol
• Effects &
Consequences
• Cancer
• Heart Disease
• Liver Disease
• Respiratory Disease
• Diabetes
• Prevention
• Conclusion

4. What are non communicable diseases?
• A non communicable disease is a non infectious
health condition that can not be spread person to
person.
• Noncommunicable diseases (NCDs), also known as
chronic diseases, tend to be of long duration and are
the result of a combination of genetic, physiological,
environmental and behavioral factors.
• The main types of NCD are cardiovascular diseases
(such as heart attacks and stroke), cancers, chronic
respiratory diseases (such as chronic obstructive
pulmonary disease and asthma) and diabetes.
• NCDs disproportionately affect people in low- and
middle-income countries where more than three
quarters of global NCD deaths – 31.4 million – occur.

5. Alcohol consumption and NCD
• The relationships between different patterns
of alcohol consumption and various non-
communicable disease (NCD) outcomes and
estimates the overall impact of alcohol
consumption on global mortality and burden
of disease.
• Alcohol is causally linked (to varying degrees)
to eight different cancers, with the risk
increasing with the volume consumed.
Similarly alcohol use is detrimentally related
to many cardiovascular outcomes, including
hypertension, hemorrhagic stroke and atrial
fibrillation. For other cardiovascular outcomes
the relationship is more complex. Alcohol is
furthermore linked to various forms of liver
disease (particularly with fatty liver, alcoholic
hepatitis and cirrhosis) and pancreatitis.

6. • The role of alcohol (and particularly heavy alcohol use and
having an alcohol use disorder) in NCDs has been given
increasing recognition. For example, alcohol was mentioned
along with tobacco, diet and lack of exercise, as one of four
major common risk factors for NCD in the recent status report
of the World Health Organization and by the Lancet NCD action
group.
• It has also been discussed at the recent NGO conference during
a session on NCDs that along with tobacco, diet and lack of
exercise, alcohol was recognized as one of four major common
risk factors .
• In terms of NCDs, alcohol has been particularly linked to cancer,
cardiovascular diseases and liver disease. Preliminary
estimates on the impact of alcohol on these diseases support
the inclusion of alcohol consumption as one of four major risk
factors globally.
Alcohol consumption and NCD

7. Harmful use of alcohol
• Harmful use of alcohol causes detrimental health and
social consequences for the drinker, the people
around the drinker and society at large. An excessive
use of alcohol is associated with increased risk of
adverse health outcomes.
• The harmful use of alcohol is one of the world’s
leading risk factors for illness, disability and death. It
is a primary cause of more than 200 diseases and
injuries and globally results in approximately 3.3
million deaths each year, greater than HIV/AIDS,
violence or tuberculosis.

8. Harmful use of alcohol
• In addition, 4.8% of the global burden of disease and injury is
attributable to alcohol. Globally, alcohol consumption is
estimated to cause more than 10% of the burden of
noncommunicable diseases, including cirrhosis of the liver,
pancreatitis, cancers (oral and pharynx, larynx, esophagus,
liver, colorectal), hemorrhagic stroke and hypertension.
• In addition to the chronic diseases that may develop in those
who drink large amounts of alcohol over a number of years,
alcohol use is also associated with an increased risk of acute
health conditions, such as injuries, including from traffic
accidents, mental disorders, depression or memory loss.
• The importance of alcohol as a major risk factor for NCDs is
evidenced by its inclusion as one of only four behavioral risk
factors (tobacco use, unhealthy diet, physical inactivity, and
harmful use of alcohol) into the World Health Organization’s
Global Action Plan for the Prevention and Control of NCDs.

9. Effects/Consequences
Over time, excessive alcohol use can lead to the development of
chronic diseases and other serious problems including:
CANCER
LIVER DISEASE RESPIRATORY DISEASE
DIABETIES HEART DISEASE

10. Cancer
• A causal link has been found between alcohol and cancer of
the oral cavity, pharynx, larynx, oesophagus, liver, colon,
rectum, and female breast. For all of these cancers, the risk of
cancer increases steadily with greater volumes of drinking.
• We have strong scientific evidence that all types of alcoholic
drinks are a cause of several types of cancer: Breast, Bowel,
Liver, Mouth and Throat, Oseophagus, Stomach
• Alcohol may make it easier for other dietary or environmental
cancer-causing compounds, such as those in tobacco smoke,
to get into the cells and cause DNA damage.
• When alcohol is broken down in the body, compounds are
formed that can directly damage the DNA, which can then lead
to cancer.
• Drinking alcohol can also lead to liver cirrhosis (scarring),
which is a known cause of liver cancer.

11. Heart diseases/ CVD
TOTAL DEATHS PER YEAR
4,770,000
TOATAL CASES PER YEAR
17,700,000
• Chronic, heavy alcohol use has been
associated with adverse cardiac
outcomes including ischaemic heart
disease (IHD), dilated
cardiomyopathy, cardiac
dysrythmias, and hemorrhagic
strokes. It has been estimated that
the detrimental effects of alcohol in
terms of CVDs outweigh the
beneficial effects by a factor of 2.4
(for deaths) and 3.5 (for DALYs), and
these benefits typically only occur
with low to moderate alcohol
consumption (less than 20 g per
day) and then only for selected
cardiovascular outcomes (e.g.
ischaemic heart disease and
strokes).

12. Liver Disease
• Alcoholic Liver Disease (ALD) is associated with various kinds
of liver disease. The likelihood of developing ALD is a function
of both the duration and the amount of heavy drinking.
• Alcoholic liver disease is common, but can be prevented.
There are 3 types. Many heavy drinkers progress through
these 3 types over time:
• Fatty liver. Fatty liver is the build-up of fat inside the liver
cells. It leads to an enlarged liver. It’s the most common
alcohol-induced liver problem.
• Alcoholic hepatitis. Alcoholic hepatitis is an acute
inflammation of the liver. There is death of liver cells, often
followed by permanent scarring.
• Alcoholic cirrhosis. Alcoholic cirrhosis is the destruction of
normal liver tissue. It leaves scar tissue in place of the
working liver tissue.

13. Respiratory disease
• Alcohol is a substance that affects many areas of the body,
including the lungs. The airways in the human body are made
up of many parts, and alcohol can affect all of them. Alcohol
can affect the upper part of the airways, including the nose,
sinuses, voice box and throat. It can also affect the lower part
of the airways, like the windpipe and lungs.
• Heavy alcohol use can cause damage to the lungs in a few
different ways. It can interfere with the immune system that
keeps the lungs healthy and able to fight off infections. It can
also harm the surface cells that line the insides of the lungs.

14. Diabetes
• While moderate amounts of alcohol may cause blood sugar to
rise, excess alcohol can actually decrease your blood sugar level
sometimes causing it to drop into dangerous levels, especially
for people with type-1 diabetes.
• The relationship between type 2 diabetes and alcohol is
complex. When people with this condition drink alcohol, it
comes with risks. However, it does not mean people with type 2
diabetes cannot drink alcohol. The risks depend on how much
alcohol a person consumes, as well as the type.
• The biggest concern is hypoglycemia (low blood sugar). When
drinking alcohol is combined with the medications most often
used to treat diabetes—particularly insulin and sulfonylureas,
low blood sugar can result.

15. • Follow the tips for cutting your alcohol consumption and reducing your
cancer risk.
• Opt for the smallest serving size
• Dilute alcoholic drinks with a low-calorie
• For example, rather than a large glass of wine, pour half and fill the
remainder of the glass with soda water or sugar-free lemonade.
• Avoid salty snacks
• Drink water first
• Sip slowly
• Don’t hold on to your glass while drinking. Instead, take a sip and put
down the glass after each mouthful. This will slow down your drinking
and may mean you drink less over the same period of time than you
normally would.
• Change your drinking habits
• Buy low-alcohol or alcohol-free alternatives
Tips for reducing alcohol intake

16. Conclusion
• Addressing NCDs in countries at all levels of development is now
seen as important in ensuring the achievement of MDGs.
• The way forward is to take concerted and inclusive actions to
address the common causes of the most prevalent NCDs.
• Given the overwhelming evidence that alcohol is a major risk factor
for NCDs, attention must now be directed towards addressing the
drivers of alcohol use, especially of heavy use, and particularly
those drivers operating at the social and environmental level using
strategies that have been shown to have a high probability of
having an impact.

17. References
• Non communicable diseases - who.intAlcohol
• Consumption NCD- ncbi
• Effects and Consequences - ncd allianceConclusion ncbi
• Cancer - ncd allianceConclusion ncbi
• CVD - ncd allianceConclusion ncbi
• Liver - ncd allianceConclusion ncbi
• Respiratory disease- ncd allianceConclusion ncbi
• Diabetes - medical news
• Explanatory video - https://youtu.be/pI0V47fJp8U