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AI8003
CLIMATE CHANGE AND
ADAPTATION
Unit I- Earth’s Climate System
OZONE
• Ozone (O3) is a highly reactive gas composed of three
oxygen atoms.
• It is both a natural and a man-made product
• It occurs in the Earth's upper atmosphere (the
stratosphere- high concentration) and lower atmosphere
(the troposphere- very low concentration).
Formation of Ozone
Ozone layer
Absorption of UV by O3
Importance of O3
• Protects all life forms on earth from harmful UV
rays
• Protects humans and animals from skin cancer
and cataract caused by UV
• Protects plants and vegetation from UV
Depletion of O3
Causes of O3 depletion
Natural depletion
Impacts of O3 depletion
Genetic modification by UV
Green house effect
• Greenhouse effect is the process by which
radiations from the sun are absorbed by the
greenhouse gases and not reflected back into
space. This insulates the surface of the earth
and prevents it from freezing.
What is the principle behind Green house?
Green house gas
• Greenhouse gases are the gases that absorb
the infrared radiations and create a
greenhouse effect. For eg., carbondioxide and
chlorofluorocarbons.
• Gases that trap heat in the atmosphere are
called greenhouse gases.
• Green house gas molecules have 3 or more
atoms in it.
Radiative effect of GH gases
• Solar spectrum- 100 nm to 1 mm.
UV- C: 100 to 280 nm. IR- A: 700 to 1400 nm.
UV- B: 280 to 315 nm. IR- B: 1400 to 3000 nm.
UV- A: 315 to 400 nm. IR- C: 3000 nm to 1 mm.
• Sunlight entering Earth’s atmosphere-
With power of 1366 watts/m2
• At ground level, solar radition-
With power of 1120-1000 watts/m2
UV – C, B, A IR- A, B, C
Global warming
• Global warming is the slow increase in the
average temperature of the earth’s
atmosphere because an increased amount of
the energy (heat)
• Energy striking the earth from the sun is being
trapped in the atmosphere and not radiated
out into space.
• Enhanced GH effect= Global warming
Hydrological cycle
Carbon cycle

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AI8003- UNIT I.pptx

  • 1. AI8003 CLIMATE CHANGE AND ADAPTATION Unit I- Earth’s Climate System
  • 2. OZONE • Ozone (O3) is a highly reactive gas composed of three oxygen atoms. • It is both a natural and a man-made product • It occurs in the Earth's upper atmosphere (the stratosphere- high concentration) and lower atmosphere (the troposphere- very low concentration).
  • 4.
  • 6.
  • 8. Importance of O3 • Protects all life forms on earth from harmful UV rays • Protects humans and animals from skin cancer and cataract caused by UV • Protects plants and vegetation from UV
  • 10. Causes of O3 depletion
  • 11.
  • 12.
  • 13.
  • 15.
  • 16. Impacts of O3 depletion
  • 18.
  • 19.
  • 20. Green house effect • Greenhouse effect is the process by which radiations from the sun are absorbed by the greenhouse gases and not reflected back into space. This insulates the surface of the earth and prevents it from freezing.
  • 21.
  • 22. What is the principle behind Green house?
  • 23. Green house gas • Greenhouse gases are the gases that absorb the infrared radiations and create a greenhouse effect. For eg., carbondioxide and chlorofluorocarbons. • Gases that trap heat in the atmosphere are called greenhouse gases. • Green house gas molecules have 3 or more atoms in it.
  • 24.
  • 26. • Solar spectrum- 100 nm to 1 mm. UV- C: 100 to 280 nm. IR- A: 700 to 1400 nm. UV- B: 280 to 315 nm. IR- B: 1400 to 3000 nm. UV- A: 315 to 400 nm. IR- C: 3000 nm to 1 mm. • Sunlight entering Earth’s atmosphere- With power of 1366 watts/m2 • At ground level, solar radition- With power of 1120-1000 watts/m2 UV – C, B, A IR- A, B, C
  • 27.
  • 28. Global warming • Global warming is the slow increase in the average temperature of the earth’s atmosphere because an increased amount of the energy (heat) • Energy striking the earth from the sun is being trapped in the atmosphere and not radiated out into space. • Enhanced GH effect= Global warming
  • 29.
  • 30.