2. Agriculture is a branch of
traditional Romanian
economy which has the
means of production
agricultural land fund, which
provides food humanitarian
goods, raw materials for
industries and for export.
3. 1. vegetables
2. Mountain areas
- livestock predominates
2. The hills and plateaus
- predominant wine and fruit growing, livestock
3. Plains
- prevail cereals, industrial plants and
N A T U R A L A N D S O C I A L C O N D I T I O N S W H I C H I N F L U E N C E
A G R I C U L T U R A L P R O D U C T I O N A R E R E P R E S E N T E D B Y
N A T U R A L C O N D I T I O N S , R E P R E S E N T E D B Y R E L I E F :
M O U N T A I N S , T H E H I L L S A N D P L A T E A U S , P L A I N S .
5. SOILS
High fertility are in plain , medium in the hills and plateaus
(clay-alluvial ), is sometimes affected by geomorphological
processes requiring improvement works.
6. o Conditions of mechanization and technical materials represented indicates that
Romania is far behind other countries.
For example : - 10 tractors / 1000 ha
- 50 kg fertilizer / ha
Conditions demographics – population growth requires larger and more diversified
production, while in areas with requiring large workforce and low density areas,
mechanization of agriculture.
Industrial conditions – are the industries that conditioned the distribution of
agricultural crops ( sugar enterprises, oil canned etc.) so standing out, in order to
reduce production costs and production efficient, their location in areas of culture.
7. The land is 23.7 mil. Ha
Comprising:
Agricultural land 14.8 mil. Ha (62%), represents all land used in agriculture and include:
-arable land, 9.4 mil. Ha
-pastures and hayfields natural, 4.8 mil. Ha
-living and orchards, 0.6 mil. Ha
-forest areas, areas occupied by the forest, 6.6 mil. Ha
-waters and ponds, 0.8 mil. Ha
-other surfaces, 1.5 mil. Ha
The ownership of land are:
-privately, 78%
-state, 12%
-post, 10%
Type of organization:
-individual farms – the most numerous
-family agricultural holdings
-commercial farms, most competitive
-autonomous companies: Romcereal, research stations
8. I. CULTURE OF PLANTS
1. Culture of Cereals
2/3 of arable land is predominant. Cultivated especially wheat – the lower
Regions: Romanian Plain, Dobrogea (central and south), Plain of Moldavia:
maize (ranked second in Europe and ninth in the world) – extension greater:
Piedmont Plateau ,Moldavian Plateau, Transylvanian Plateau, the Danube
Meadow, intermountain depression: barley, rice ( Western Plain, Southern
countries), rye, sorghum etc. in some years due to natural disasters (droughts,
floods).
9. 2.Culture of Potato
Is introduced in the country barely two centuries, cool and wet areas prefer,
eighth place in Europe, XIV on Earth Suceava Plateau, depressions in the
Eastern Carpathians, Southern Transylvanian Basin.
3.Culture of vegetables
Includes: tomatoes, beans, peas etc. Is grown in the lowlands, plains the great
rivers, urban areas ( in greenhouses and solariums) .
10. 4. Culture of industrial plants
Provide the raw material for various industries.
Are placed in culture in our country recently (except flax and hemp).
Is grown mainly :
sunflower (Europe V , VIII Globe ) : Romanian Plain, Western Plain,
Dobrogea Plateau, Plain of Moldavia.
beet : Romanian Plain, Western Plain, Dobrogea Plateau, Plain of
Moldavia, Transylvanian Depression.
flax, hemp, soy.
11. 5. Viticulture
Due to favorable climatic conditions and relief practiced since antiquity.
Currently vineyard areas are lower because higher costs that they impose.
Romania ranks eighth in wine production around the globe especially
characteristic hills and plateau.
6. Fruit
Has been practiced since antiquity because of the favorable conditions,
especially in hills and plateaus. Predominant apple and plum.
Pools tree:
plum and apple : region of hill in South (Vrancea County by Mehedinti
Country) Hateg Depression , Iasi.
apple and plum : Baia Mare, Bistria, Sibiu ,Suceava Plateau .
peach : Dobrogea, North-west of the country.
cherry and sour : Banat, South and west of the country.
dryer, walnut.
12. II.
LIVESTOCK
And this sector is affected by transit, registering a decline in terms of
livestock due to :
-abolition C.A.P sites
-natural disasters, lack of financial funds to private producers etc.
The most important sectors are :
1. Cattle breeding – is where livestock herds have experienced the
sharpest cuts.
Predominate in the highest areas : mountain, plateau, give him based on
natural pastures and meadows.
Regions: Northern Moldavia and Plain Southern Moldova, Maramures ,
Northern and Eastern Transylvania .
13. 2. Raising sheep – traditional areas is highest in the Eastern Carpathians,
Southern Carpathians and the Moldavian Plateau respectively, but in recent
decades due to intensive farming systems the largest flocks are found in
Dobrogea , Romanian Plain, Western Plain.
3. Raising pigs – is practiced in corn growing areas Banat , Romanian Plain
or potato, Transylvania.
4. Increase horses – or races traction, studs Rusetu , Cislau, Mangalia, Lower
Saturday
14. 5. Poultry – especially in rural areas , grain , driven by higher demand.
6. Beekeeping - tradition, practiced mostly in the South and Southeast
(Romanian Plain ,the Danube Delta , Dobrogea ).
7. Sericulture , silk worn rearing – Banat , Romanian Plain.
