The document summarizes regional economic outlooks for several Middle Eastern and North African countries. It finds that while the global recovery is underway, it remains uneven across advanced and emerging economies. For oil exporting countries, recovering global demand has boosted growth and improved fiscal and external balances, though inflation remains a risk. Oil importers' trade and growth are also recovering, but unemployment, especially among youth, remains high and competitiveness needs to improve to close export and growth gaps.
The MENA region is expected to see strong economic growth in 2013 and 2014, according to QNB Group. GCC countries will continue investing heavily in infrastructure and diversifying their economies, boosting non-oil GDP growth rates of 3.5-4% this year and 4.5-5% next year. While oil importers face risks from global demand and domestic politics, their economies are also expected to recover thanks to improved global and domestic demand. Overall the MENA region should remain an important contributor to global growth in the coming years.
Magda Kandil - Central Bank of the UAE
ERF Conference on “Arab Oil Exporters: Coping with a New Global Oil Order”
Kuwait, November 26-27, 2017
www.erf.org.eg
Macreconomic outlook challenges and opportunitiesDr Lendy Spires
1) Africa has experienced steady economic growth above 5% for several years, driven by high commodity prices and increased trade and investment from China and India. However, inflation remains high and progress on the MDGs has been slow.
2) Technical and vocational skills development can play an important role in addressing skills gaps and youth unemployment, boosting productivity, and supporting achievement of the MDGs, but access to TVSD in Africa is low compared to other regions.
3) Key challenges include improving secondary education completion rates, adequately addressing skills needs, and reforming TVSD provision to meet the demands of formal and informal labor markets.
The global economy is growing slowly with diverging growth rates between countries. Financial risks are increasing and volatility is likely to rise. Potential growth has declined as weak demand interacts with slowing growth rates. The euro area economy remains weak, a major concern. Coordinated monetary, fiscal and structural policies will need to be deployed to mitigate risks and boost growth.
The document discusses OECD forecasts during and after the financial crisis. It finds that:
1) Forecasts significantly overestimated growth during the crisis and recovery, missing the severity of the downturn.
2) Forecast errors were largest in vulnerable Eurozone countries and those with lower bank capital and more open economies.
3) The intensification of the Eurozone crisis was a major source of growth forecast errors.
4) Lessons from forecast errors highlight the need to better account for financial factors, global linkages, risks, and avoid "groupthink".
Relationship between growth, financial development and income inequality.
- Is there nonlinearity in the relationship?
- What are the factors that affect the degree of impact of financial development on income inequality?
Nigeria global competitiveness index macroeconomic environment (2006 - 2012)statisense
The stability of the Macroeconomic Environment is important for business and, therefore, is important for the overall competitiveness of a country. It is also recognized that macroeconomic instability harms the economy. The government cannot provide services efficiently if it has to make high-interest payments on its past debts.
The document summarizes regional economic outlooks for several Middle Eastern and North African countries. It finds that while the global recovery is underway, it remains uneven across advanced and emerging economies. For oil exporting countries, recovering global demand has boosted growth and improved fiscal and external balances, though inflation remains a risk. Oil importers' trade and growth are also recovering, but unemployment, especially among youth, remains high and competitiveness needs to improve to close export and growth gaps.
The MENA region is expected to see strong economic growth in 2013 and 2014, according to QNB Group. GCC countries will continue investing heavily in infrastructure and diversifying their economies, boosting non-oil GDP growth rates of 3.5-4% this year and 4.5-5% next year. While oil importers face risks from global demand and domestic politics, their economies are also expected to recover thanks to improved global and domestic demand. Overall the MENA region should remain an important contributor to global growth in the coming years.
Magda Kandil - Central Bank of the UAE
ERF Conference on “Arab Oil Exporters: Coping with a New Global Oil Order”
Kuwait, November 26-27, 2017
www.erf.org.eg
Macreconomic outlook challenges and opportunitiesDr Lendy Spires
1) Africa has experienced steady economic growth above 5% for several years, driven by high commodity prices and increased trade and investment from China and India. However, inflation remains high and progress on the MDGs has been slow.
2) Technical and vocational skills development can play an important role in addressing skills gaps and youth unemployment, boosting productivity, and supporting achievement of the MDGs, but access to TVSD in Africa is low compared to other regions.
3) Key challenges include improving secondary education completion rates, adequately addressing skills needs, and reforming TVSD provision to meet the demands of formal and informal labor markets.
The global economy is growing slowly with diverging growth rates between countries. Financial risks are increasing and volatility is likely to rise. Potential growth has declined as weak demand interacts with slowing growth rates. The euro area economy remains weak, a major concern. Coordinated monetary, fiscal and structural policies will need to be deployed to mitigate risks and boost growth.
The document discusses OECD forecasts during and after the financial crisis. It finds that:
1) Forecasts significantly overestimated growth during the crisis and recovery, missing the severity of the downturn.
2) Forecast errors were largest in vulnerable Eurozone countries and those with lower bank capital and more open economies.
3) The intensification of the Eurozone crisis was a major source of growth forecast errors.
4) Lessons from forecast errors highlight the need to better account for financial factors, global linkages, risks, and avoid "groupthink".
Relationship between growth, financial development and income inequality.
- Is there nonlinearity in the relationship?
- What are the factors that affect the degree of impact of financial development on income inequality?
Nigeria global competitiveness index macroeconomic environment (2006 - 2012)statisense
The stability of the Macroeconomic Environment is important for business and, therefore, is important for the overall competitiveness of a country. It is also recognized that macroeconomic instability harms the economy. The government cannot provide services efficiently if it has to make high-interest payments on its past debts.
The document discusses the economic challenges facing Arab countries that underwent political changes during the Arab Spring uprisings of 2011. It notes slowing growth, rising unemployment, social unrest, and increased government deficits in these countries since 2011. While international organizations like the IMF have provided some assistance, long-term economic reforms are still needed to stabilize public finances, strengthen business environments, and create conditions for sustained private sector growth and job creation. The future remains uncertain as Arab transition countries work to balance austerity with policies to restart their economies.
Middle East & North Africa Regional Outlook June 2013WB_Research
http://www.worldbank.org/globaloutlook
More than two years after the Arab Spring began, economic activity remains weighed down by elevated political tensions and continued civil strife in the region. Regional growth accelerated to 3.5 percent in 2012 from minus 2.2 percent in 2011 reflecting mainly a rebound in Libya’s crude oil production to pre-war levels that doubled real GDP and a weak growth recovery in Egypt (to 2.2 percent in FY2012 from 1.8 percent in FY2011).
The document discusses the effects of the recent decline in oil prices on different regions and countries. It finds that net oil exporting nations like those in Africa will see decreased revenues, currency devaluations, and limitations on public spending and GDP growth. Gulf states are generally better prepared to handle low prices due to sovereign wealth funds. Europe benefits as a net oil importer with lower costs. Russia is negatively impacted due to its heavy reliance on oil revenues.
The document analyzes the potential economic, geopolitical, social, and technological impacts of discovering a method to produce inexpensive synthetic oil on the markets of Russia, China, and South Africa. It finds that Russia, which is heavily dependent on oil exports, would experience a market downturn, currency devaluation, higher volatility, and lower integration with global markets. In contrast, China, a major oil importer, would see its market surge as synthetic oil would remove constraints on its economic growth. South Africa is found to have mixed impacts as both an oil importer and coal exporter.
Lyes Boudiaf. Founder & President of Isly Holdings. Algeria. Lyes Boudiaf has been decorated as knight of the honorary Order of Merit of the State of Portugal
www.lyesboudiaf.com #lyesboudiaf
Middle East and Central Asia Regional Economic Outlook -- Jacques Charaoui, IMFOECD Governance
The document summarizes the economic outlook for the Middle East and North Africa region. It finds that low oil prices and ongoing conflicts are the main factors shaping the outlook. Conflicts have caused economic collapse in Iraq, Libya, and Yemen, and are spreading across borders, displacing millions. Low oil prices lead to persistent fiscal pressures for oil exporting countries due to reduced revenues and dwindling fiscal buffers. Meanwhile, oil importing countries are seeing economic recovery driven by lower oil prices and subsidy reforms, though vulnerabilities remain from high debt and reliance on remittances in some countries.
The document discusses policies to promote faster recovery in the euro area. It finds that weak domestic demand, rather than exports, has held back growth. While some structural reforms have helped potential growth, others are needed to address problems like high unemployment, low inflation, and constrained credit in some countries. The document recommends that monetary, fiscal and structural policies be used in a coordinated manner, with more stimulus from the ECB, greater flexibility of fiscal rules, increased public investment, and further structural reforms to boost potential growth.
The Middle East & North Africa economic outlook isn't looking great for 2017, but could the region's fortunes turn around in 2018? Read our latest regional summary for MENA to find out more: http://bit.ly/2ytvybf
Painel 3 - Cenários para o mercado de commodities - John Kemp24x7 COMUNICAÇÃO
John Kemp, da Reuters, apresenta dados sobre o mercado de petróleo no mundo e impactos econômicos sobre o agronegócio. Apresentado no Seminário Perspectivas para o Agribusiness 2016-2017 em 16/06/2016, em São Paulo.
Recent Trends in the Global Economy and the near Term OutlookLatvijas Banka
The document summarizes recent global economic trends and the near-term outlook according to the IMF's World Economic Outlook from April 2015. It notes that while the US economy appears to be recovering, growth in emerging markets has remained moderate. Commodity and oil prices have declined since mid-2014, driven mainly by increased supply. Inflation in the euro area remains below 2%. The IMF forecasts that central bank monetary policies will continue to diverge, with the US Fed expected to start raising rates in 2015 while the ECB and Bank of Japan maintain accommodative policies. Key risks to the outlook include geopolitical tensions, a financial market correction, and slower growth in China. The IMF recommends continued demand support, structural reforms
A moderate expansion is underway in most major advanced and emerging economies, but growth remains weak in the euro area, which runs the risk of prolonged stagnation if further steps are not taken to boost demand.
The document summarizes the OECD Economic Outlook report. It finds that:
1) The global economy is growing slowly, with world GDP growth below historical averages and weak trade growth.
2) Growth projections vary across countries, with the US expected to accelerate but remain below trend, while China and India are projected to experience slower growth than in recent years.
3) Risks to the outlook are on the downside and include high debt levels in advanced economies and potential slowing of potential growth rates.
The document discusses monetary unions and the Eurozone. It provides background on monetary unions, describes the stages of economic integration that can lead to a monetary union. It then focuses on the Eurozone, listing the current member countries and those that have not joined. Several charts show unemployment, debt levels, and other economic indicators for various Eurozone countries. The document also examines issues facing the Greek economy like high debt levels, fiscal austerity imposed by international lenders, and Greece's internal devaluation efforts.
- The United Arab Emirates economy experienced a recession, with GDP falling from $1.1 trillion in 2008 to $835 billion in 2009, as the construction boom ended.
- Dubai World, a government company central to Dubai's economy, had borrowed $60 billion for real estate and faced demands from investors worldwide for their money back during the recession.
- Over half of construction projects in the UAE worth $582 billion were put on hold, though some projects worth $10 billion continued with aid from Abu Dhabi. Many workers were left unemployed.
World economic situations and prospects 2016 report unescapTamalKumar Das
The United Nations Economic and Social Commission for Asia and the Pacific (UNESCAP) recently released the World Economic Situation and Prospects (WESP) 2016 report. The report found that the global economy grew by just 2.4% in 2015 and is projected to improve slightly to 2.9% in 2016 and 3.2% in 2017. It also identified five major headwinds for the global economy, including persistent macroeconomic uncertainties, low commodity prices, rising exchange rate volatility, stagnant investment and productivity growth, and the continued disconnect between finance and the real sector. The report projected that India will be the fastest growing major economy in 2016 at 7.3% growth.
- Turkey has a population of over 70 million and the 15th largest GDP in the world, making it an important emerging market.
- Turkey has been associated with the European Union since 1963 but full membership negotiations have faced challenges due to Turkey's status as a developing economy and its large Muslim population.
- Turkey has a young population and growing foreign investment but also has high unemployment and inflation that could hamper economic growth if not addressed. Forecasts predict Turkey's economy will continue growing around 5% annually through 2017.
Liquidity needs in the post crisis world and liquidity provision for bank res...AEI
- Current regulations like the LCR and NSFR require banks to self-insure against prolonged periods of liquidity stress, which is expensive and restricts credit provision.
- The author proposes that the Federal Reserve sell "systemic liquidity options" to provide liquidity insurance at a lower cost. These would allow holders to repo eligible collateral with the Fed for a month.
- For resolving large, complex banks, relying on the FDIC's SPOE approach may be difficult if a bank suffers large losses and a deposit run exceeding the FDIC's guarantee capacity. The Wells Fargo example shows how losses and deposits fleeing could leave a bridge bank undercapitalized and struggling to fund itself.
A philosophical picturing of africa in the globalization projectAlexander Decker
This document discusses Africa's participation in globalization. It begins by defining globalization as a process that integrates economies, cultures, technologies, and governance across national borders through increased connectivity and interdependence. It notes that while globalization opens opportunities, countries must be prepared to benefit. The document then examines Africa's current level of preparedness and competitiveness in the globalized world, analyzing its economic, political, and cultural dimensions. It questions whether Africa is merely a passive observer or can become an active player that harnesses globalization's gains. The paper argues Africa must prioritize self-reliance, synthesize its cultures with others, and look within to develop its strengths in order to successfully navigate globalization.
2009:The Impact of the Global Financial and Economic Crisis on SADC Economieseconsultbw
The document discusses the impacts of the global financial and economic crisis on Southern Africa. It describes how the crisis originated from issues in the financial sector, global macroeconomic imbalances, and commodity price bubbles. It analyzes how the crisis has unfolded and its effects on developing countries through slowing global growth, financial contagion in markets and other flows, and reductions in trade and economic growth. It then discusses the implications for SADC economies, including impacts on exports, fiscal balances, current accounts, and uncertainties around the crisis.
After more than a half decade of consecutive year of sustained growth, real gdp growth is expected to slump to 3% in 2009, as the crisis hits. While the crisis effects the entire world and developed countries fall into recession, the picture for Africa, while fragile, is not without hope.
The Federal Reserve took several crisis-related actions to provide liquidity to financial institutions:
1) It eased terms at the discount window by lowering the discount rate spread over the federal funds rate target and increasing loan terms to reduce stigma.
2) It introduced new liquidity facilities like the Term Auction Facility and Primary Dealer Credit Facility to inject term funding.
3) It activated foreign exchange swap lines to provide dollar liquidity globally.
4) Under its 13(3) powers, it provided direct support to institutions like AIG.
These measures expanded bank reserves and would have driven rates to zero but for interest paid on reserves, which established a rate floor. Going forward, the Fed aims to target rates
The document discusses the economic challenges facing Arab countries that underwent political changes during the Arab Spring uprisings of 2011. It notes slowing growth, rising unemployment, social unrest, and increased government deficits in these countries since 2011. While international organizations like the IMF have provided some assistance, long-term economic reforms are still needed to stabilize public finances, strengthen business environments, and create conditions for sustained private sector growth and job creation. The future remains uncertain as Arab transition countries work to balance austerity with policies to restart their economies.
Middle East & North Africa Regional Outlook June 2013WB_Research
http://www.worldbank.org/globaloutlook
More than two years after the Arab Spring began, economic activity remains weighed down by elevated political tensions and continued civil strife in the region. Regional growth accelerated to 3.5 percent in 2012 from minus 2.2 percent in 2011 reflecting mainly a rebound in Libya’s crude oil production to pre-war levels that doubled real GDP and a weak growth recovery in Egypt (to 2.2 percent in FY2012 from 1.8 percent in FY2011).
The document discusses the effects of the recent decline in oil prices on different regions and countries. It finds that net oil exporting nations like those in Africa will see decreased revenues, currency devaluations, and limitations on public spending and GDP growth. Gulf states are generally better prepared to handle low prices due to sovereign wealth funds. Europe benefits as a net oil importer with lower costs. Russia is negatively impacted due to its heavy reliance on oil revenues.
The document analyzes the potential economic, geopolitical, social, and technological impacts of discovering a method to produce inexpensive synthetic oil on the markets of Russia, China, and South Africa. It finds that Russia, which is heavily dependent on oil exports, would experience a market downturn, currency devaluation, higher volatility, and lower integration with global markets. In contrast, China, a major oil importer, would see its market surge as synthetic oil would remove constraints on its economic growth. South Africa is found to have mixed impacts as both an oil importer and coal exporter.
Lyes Boudiaf. Founder & President of Isly Holdings. Algeria. Lyes Boudiaf has been decorated as knight of the honorary Order of Merit of the State of Portugal
www.lyesboudiaf.com #lyesboudiaf
Middle East and Central Asia Regional Economic Outlook -- Jacques Charaoui, IMFOECD Governance
The document summarizes the economic outlook for the Middle East and North Africa region. It finds that low oil prices and ongoing conflicts are the main factors shaping the outlook. Conflicts have caused economic collapse in Iraq, Libya, and Yemen, and are spreading across borders, displacing millions. Low oil prices lead to persistent fiscal pressures for oil exporting countries due to reduced revenues and dwindling fiscal buffers. Meanwhile, oil importing countries are seeing economic recovery driven by lower oil prices and subsidy reforms, though vulnerabilities remain from high debt and reliance on remittances in some countries.
The document discusses policies to promote faster recovery in the euro area. It finds that weak domestic demand, rather than exports, has held back growth. While some structural reforms have helped potential growth, others are needed to address problems like high unemployment, low inflation, and constrained credit in some countries. The document recommends that monetary, fiscal and structural policies be used in a coordinated manner, with more stimulus from the ECB, greater flexibility of fiscal rules, increased public investment, and further structural reforms to boost potential growth.
The Middle East & North Africa economic outlook isn't looking great for 2017, but could the region's fortunes turn around in 2018? Read our latest regional summary for MENA to find out more: http://bit.ly/2ytvybf
Painel 3 - Cenários para o mercado de commodities - John Kemp24x7 COMUNICAÇÃO
John Kemp, da Reuters, apresenta dados sobre o mercado de petróleo no mundo e impactos econômicos sobre o agronegócio. Apresentado no Seminário Perspectivas para o Agribusiness 2016-2017 em 16/06/2016, em São Paulo.
Recent Trends in the Global Economy and the near Term OutlookLatvijas Banka
The document summarizes recent global economic trends and the near-term outlook according to the IMF's World Economic Outlook from April 2015. It notes that while the US economy appears to be recovering, growth in emerging markets has remained moderate. Commodity and oil prices have declined since mid-2014, driven mainly by increased supply. Inflation in the euro area remains below 2%. The IMF forecasts that central bank monetary policies will continue to diverge, with the US Fed expected to start raising rates in 2015 while the ECB and Bank of Japan maintain accommodative policies. Key risks to the outlook include geopolitical tensions, a financial market correction, and slower growth in China. The IMF recommends continued demand support, structural reforms
A moderate expansion is underway in most major advanced and emerging economies, but growth remains weak in the euro area, which runs the risk of prolonged stagnation if further steps are not taken to boost demand.
The document summarizes the OECD Economic Outlook report. It finds that:
1) The global economy is growing slowly, with world GDP growth below historical averages and weak trade growth.
2) Growth projections vary across countries, with the US expected to accelerate but remain below trend, while China and India are projected to experience slower growth than in recent years.
3) Risks to the outlook are on the downside and include high debt levels in advanced economies and potential slowing of potential growth rates.
The document discusses monetary unions and the Eurozone. It provides background on monetary unions, describes the stages of economic integration that can lead to a monetary union. It then focuses on the Eurozone, listing the current member countries and those that have not joined. Several charts show unemployment, debt levels, and other economic indicators for various Eurozone countries. The document also examines issues facing the Greek economy like high debt levels, fiscal austerity imposed by international lenders, and Greece's internal devaluation efforts.
- The United Arab Emirates economy experienced a recession, with GDP falling from $1.1 trillion in 2008 to $835 billion in 2009, as the construction boom ended.
- Dubai World, a government company central to Dubai's economy, had borrowed $60 billion for real estate and faced demands from investors worldwide for their money back during the recession.
- Over half of construction projects in the UAE worth $582 billion were put on hold, though some projects worth $10 billion continued with aid from Abu Dhabi. Many workers were left unemployed.
World economic situations and prospects 2016 report unescapTamalKumar Das
The United Nations Economic and Social Commission for Asia and the Pacific (UNESCAP) recently released the World Economic Situation and Prospects (WESP) 2016 report. The report found that the global economy grew by just 2.4% in 2015 and is projected to improve slightly to 2.9% in 2016 and 3.2% in 2017. It also identified five major headwinds for the global economy, including persistent macroeconomic uncertainties, low commodity prices, rising exchange rate volatility, stagnant investment and productivity growth, and the continued disconnect between finance and the real sector. The report projected that India will be the fastest growing major economy in 2016 at 7.3% growth.
- Turkey has a population of over 70 million and the 15th largest GDP in the world, making it an important emerging market.
- Turkey has been associated with the European Union since 1963 but full membership negotiations have faced challenges due to Turkey's status as a developing economy and its large Muslim population.
- Turkey has a young population and growing foreign investment but also has high unemployment and inflation that could hamper economic growth if not addressed. Forecasts predict Turkey's economy will continue growing around 5% annually through 2017.
Liquidity needs in the post crisis world and liquidity provision for bank res...AEI
- Current regulations like the LCR and NSFR require banks to self-insure against prolonged periods of liquidity stress, which is expensive and restricts credit provision.
- The author proposes that the Federal Reserve sell "systemic liquidity options" to provide liquidity insurance at a lower cost. These would allow holders to repo eligible collateral with the Fed for a month.
- For resolving large, complex banks, relying on the FDIC's SPOE approach may be difficult if a bank suffers large losses and a deposit run exceeding the FDIC's guarantee capacity. The Wells Fargo example shows how losses and deposits fleeing could leave a bridge bank undercapitalized and struggling to fund itself.
A philosophical picturing of africa in the globalization projectAlexander Decker
This document discusses Africa's participation in globalization. It begins by defining globalization as a process that integrates economies, cultures, technologies, and governance across national borders through increased connectivity and interdependence. It notes that while globalization opens opportunities, countries must be prepared to benefit. The document then examines Africa's current level of preparedness and competitiveness in the globalized world, analyzing its economic, political, and cultural dimensions. It questions whether Africa is merely a passive observer or can become an active player that harnesses globalization's gains. The paper argues Africa must prioritize self-reliance, synthesize its cultures with others, and look within to develop its strengths in order to successfully navigate globalization.
2009:The Impact of the Global Financial and Economic Crisis on SADC Economieseconsultbw
The document discusses the impacts of the global financial and economic crisis on Southern Africa. It describes how the crisis originated from issues in the financial sector, global macroeconomic imbalances, and commodity price bubbles. It analyzes how the crisis has unfolded and its effects on developing countries through slowing global growth, financial contagion in markets and other flows, and reductions in trade and economic growth. It then discusses the implications for SADC economies, including impacts on exports, fiscal balances, current accounts, and uncertainties around the crisis.
After more than a half decade of consecutive year of sustained growth, real gdp growth is expected to slump to 3% in 2009, as the crisis hits. While the crisis effects the entire world and developed countries fall into recession, the picture for Africa, while fragile, is not without hope.
The Federal Reserve took several crisis-related actions to provide liquidity to financial institutions:
1) It eased terms at the discount window by lowering the discount rate spread over the federal funds rate target and increasing loan terms to reduce stigma.
2) It introduced new liquidity facilities like the Term Auction Facility and Primary Dealer Credit Facility to inject term funding.
3) It activated foreign exchange swap lines to provide dollar liquidity globally.
4) Under its 13(3) powers, it provided direct support to institutions like AIG.
These measures expanded bank reserves and would have driven rates to zero but for interest paid on reserves, which established a rate floor. Going forward, the Fed aims to target rates
The document discusses liquidity assumptions in finance and their implications for security pricing and valuation. It notes that while finance literature recognizes several dimensions of liquidity, the core issue is the immediacy assumption that market orders have immediate execution, which is not always realistic. Research shows liquid securities have significantly higher returns than illiquid ones, demonstrating the effect of liquidity on pricing. The document also discusses liquidity risk, modeling liquidity risk as a function of trade size and price impact, and the challenges in measuring liquidity and volatility for valuation purposes.
Lessons of the Financial Crisis for Future Regulation of Financial InstitutionsPeter Ho
The document summarizes lessons learned from the ongoing financial crisis for future regulation of financial institutions and markets. Key points include:
- The crisis exposed inadequacies in regulation, supervision, and risk management that failed to prevent excessive risk-taking. Reform is needed to address these issues.
- Priorities for reform include expanding regulation to new entities, addressing procyclicality of capital requirements, improving information sharing, resolving cross-border regulatory issues, and strengthening central bank liquidity management.
- International bodies like the FSF and G20 working groups are examining these issues and developing policy recommendations, but more work is still needed to implement reforms.
2010: Coping with the Crisis and Future Challengeseconsultbw
The Botswana economy experienced a severe recession in 2009, with annual growth at -6%. This was highly dependent on mining, which contracted massively. However, the non-mining private sector grew due to government spending stimulus, which helped maintain employment but resulted in large fiscal deficits of around 15% of GDP. Inflation declined substantially and interest rates were cut sharply. While the financial sector remained stable, bank credit growth is recovering after slowing. The economy is projected to recover in 2010-2011, driven by mining, but fiscal sustainability is a major challenge due to the large deficits accumulated during the crisis.
Primary industries involve the extraction and processing of natural resources. They include agriculture, horticulture, fisheries, forestry, and mining. Weather is important for primary industries as it affects crops, production timing, and safety. Weather information is obtained from various sources like the Bureau of Meteorology, newspapers, TV, and radio. It provides data on rainfall, temperature, humidity, wind speed and direction which are recorded using instruments like rain gauges and anemometers. Synoptic charts are weather maps that convey air pressure, rainfall, wind and temperature patterns using symbols. Weather impacts activities and safety in areas like livestock, chemicals application, and sustainability of primary industries. Proper planning, equipment, clothing and warnings help reduce risks
No time has been better to extend Treasury\'s reach within an organization to effect permanent changes in the financial supply chain. Extending Treasury\'s Reach discusses ways to improve liquidity for survival today as well as to fuel growth in the future.
The document summarizes arguments about the causes of the 2007-2008 global financial crisis. It discusses how a combination of easy credit, rising housing prices, subprime mortgages, and systemic linkages between financial institutions led to a crisis larger than expected losses could explain. The regulatory framework failed to mitigate moral hazard or consider how interlinkages could spread shocks, while quantitative models underestimated risks. Overall, globalization and asymmetric information exacerbated systemic risk in the financial system.
The document discusses Management Accounting in the Public Sector. It outlines Micro Accounting System (MAS), which was introduced in 1992 to measure cost performance and improve accountability in government agencies. MAS aims to provide cost data to managers for decision making, pricing, and strategic planning. Challenges to implementing MAS include the public sector environment and lack of competition. The document also discusses performance measurement using the concepts of efficiency, effectiveness and economy.
The document discusses the impact of the global financial crisis on African economies. It notes that while African countries are relatively isolated from the global financial system, they will still feel significant effects through decreased demand for exports, lower commodity prices, and reduced trade and investment flows. The crisis is projected to lower GDP growth in most African nations in 2009. The document also examines some policy strategies African governments can pursue to mitigate the crisis's impacts, such as strengthening domestic markets, encouraging foreign investment, and cooperating with other developing countries on trade.
Meeting The Current Credit Crunch Head On .... 5 ways to do itA J
The document discusses how businesses can plan for and manage cash flow during a liquidity crisis. It explains that focusing on cash flow rather than profits is important to surviving the current environment where credit is tight. The document then provides details on the cash flow supply chain and outlines seven key areas businesses can optimize to better manage working capital, predict cash needs, reduce expenses, and navigate the crisis. These include credit management, invoice processing, liquidity management, treasury operations, disputes management, internal cash handling, and collections. The document aims to help businesses gain insights into weaknesses in their financial processes and take timely actions to strengthen their financial position.
Impact of Liquidity crisis to commercial banks in ZimbabweAleck Makandwa
A research carried out by a 2:2 student studying Banking and Finance at Great Zimbabwe Universty which can help Bankers and those who are interested in Banking System to know about the effects of Liquidity crisis to commercial banks in Zimbabwe.....
This document discusses the global financial crisis that began in 2007. It describes how the crisis was triggered by a liquidity shortfall in the US banking system that resulted in collapsed financial institutions. The crisis contributed to business failures, declines in wealth, government financial commitments, and reduced economic activity worldwide. Housing markets also suffered with increased foreclosures. The crisis is considered the worst since the Great Depression. Multiple causes have been proposed and governments have implemented regulatory and monetary policies to stimulate economies and stabilize financial markets.
The document discusses liquidity risk management. It provides historical context on liquidity issues during the financial crisis. Key points discussed include:
- Traditional measures like balance sheet ratios are outdated and fail to capture risks
- Guidance from 2000 would have mitigated crisis impacts had it been adopted
- The 2010 interagency guidance outlines best practices for liquidity risk management, including governance, strategy, monitoring, contingency planning
- Areas of focus include diversified funding, liquid assets, stress testing, and scenario planning
2010:Recovery from the Global Crisis: Implications for SADC and Development F...econsultbw
The document discusses the recovery of the global economy from the 2008 financial crisis and implications for the Southern African Development Community (SADC) region. It notes that while SADC did not experience a financial crisis, the region was still impacted through reductions in trade, capital flows, and commodity prices. However, the recovery has been led by emerging markets and SADC experienced only a modest slowdown in growth. Going forward, SADC is well positioned to benefit from continued global growth and commodity demand, though risks remain from volatility in commodity markets and the world economy. Development finance institutions have an important role to play in filling infrastructure, small business, and other development gaps in SADC.
The document is an economic report by the Economic Commission for Africa (ECA) that examines economic conditions in Africa in 2009 and prospects for 2010. It discusses the impact of the global economic crisis on Africa and strategies for promoting sustainable and inclusive growth to reduce unemployment. Key topics covered include developments in the world economy, economic and social trends in Africa, international trade, financing for development, climate change, drivers of growth, and linkages between growth, employment and poverty reduction. Case studies of selected African countries are also provided to illustrate experiences with growth and employment performance.
The document discusses the 2008 Economic Report on Africa produced jointly by the United Nations Economic Commission for Africa and the African Union Commission, which focuses on assessing progress made on the commitments outlined in the 2002 Monterrey Consensus for financing development in Africa. It provides an overview of economic trends in Africa and challenges, examines performance on the goals of the Monterrey Consensus, and outlines the way forward for African countries and their development partners to fully implement the consensus.
This document provides an economic overview and outlook for sub-Saharan Africa in three parts:
1) Economic growth has slowed in 2015-2016 due to falling commodity prices, though growth remains higher than other regions. There are large disparities between commodity exporters and importers.
2) New challenges to growth include lower commodity prices, deteriorating global financial conditions, and long-term challenges of climate change and rapid population growth.
3) Growth prospects are examined for select oil exporters, frontier economies, and individual countries like Cote d'Ivoire and Ghana, which are expected to continue robust growth despite challenges.
Unleashing Africa’s Potential as a Pole of Global GrowthDr Lendy Spires
After a long period of stagnation in the 1970s and 1980s, Africa has re-emerged in the twenty-first century as a continent alive with opportunities, driven by such key factors as improved governance, better macroeconomic policies, management and business environment, abundant human and natural resources, urbanization and the rise of the middle class, and good economic performance and market potential.
These factors are underpinned by steadily improving socio-economic indicators and concrete efforts to bridge gender gaps and promote equality, both of which are essential prerequisites for sustainable economic growth and development. Indeed, Africa, historically a slow-growth continent has now become one of the fastest growing regions in the world, achieving an average growth rate of above 5 per cent per year during 2000-2008. Across the continent, fundamental changes are taking place. The economic, social and political environment is improving and African countries are now expected to become a source of global economic growth.
Meanwhile, the global economy continues to struggle to recover from the recent economic and financial crises and generate jobs to address problems of high unemployment. Efforts to spur recovery and generate jobs have been derailed by macroeconomic imbalances that have persisted, driven by high levels of borrowing and sovereign debt in developed economies and high savings in emerging and developing economies, with ineffective global policy coordination and mechanisms to address these imbalances playing a contributory role.
Africa has the potential to be part of the solution both to the problem of low global growth and high unemployment, and to that of global imbalances. The continent’s current growth momentum and dynamism and the state of the global economy make the time right for Africa to utilize its huge untapped resources and growth potential to become a driver of global growth and rebalancing.
However, in order to unleash its potential and become a pole of global growth and a source of global rebalancing, the continent needs to effectively address a number of challenges and binding constraints. Addressing these constraints will require urgent and determined action in many areas, but, as a matter of priority, areas for concerted action should include strengthening governance institutions; reforming agriculture; accelerating technology acquisition and investing in innovation; investing in human and physical capital; promoting exports and accelerating regional integration; addressing gender inequality and the threat of climate change; and mobilizing the required resources.
This issues paper identifies important issues and questions for consideration by African ministers, central bank governors and high-level experts, regarding how Africa can be part of the solution to the problem of global recession and imbalances.
Savings and its determinants in west africa countriesAlexander Decker
This document summarizes a study that investigated the determinants of domestic savings rates in West African countries from 1980 to 2006. The study found that government budget surplus and inflation rate were statistically significant determinants, while dependency ratio, interest rate, and GDP growth were not. Development of West Africa's financial markets had a positive impact on savings. Real interest rates and terms of trade had an insignificant impact on savings levels. Savings rates varied significantly across West African countries and other African regions over the study period, with North and Middle Africa generally having higher rates than West Africa.
Savings and its determinants in west africa countriesAlexander Decker
This document summarizes a study that investigated the determinants of domestic savings rates in West African countries from 1980 to 2006. The study found that government budget surplus and inflation rate were statistically significant determinants, while dependency ratio, interest rate, and GDP growth were not. Financial market development had a positive impact on savings. Real interest rates and terms of trade did not significantly impact savings levels. Savings rates varied considerably across West African countries and over time, with Nigeria generally having the highest rates. Rates were often procyclical, rising or falling with GDP.
The document discusses the impact of the global financial crisis on developing countries. It notes that while many developing economies are still growing strongly, growth forecasts have been downgraded. The crisis could spread to developing countries through several channels, including trade, remittances, foreign direct investment, commercial lending, and aid. Countries most at risk include those heavily reliant on exports, remittances, foreign investment, and aid. The crisis may lead to weaker growth, employment, exports, and current accounts in developing nations. Policy responses discussed include understanding financial stability, minimizing contagion, and managing economic slowdowns through fiscal and monetary policies.
Uneca economic report on africa governing development in africa the role of...Dr Lendy Spires
The document summarizes the 2011 Economic Report on Africa, which examines the role of the state in economic transformation in Africa. It discusses key topics such as economic and social conditions in Africa in 2010, current development challenges including international trade and financing, and the need for African countries to develop "developmental states" to promote economic diversification and growth. The report was a joint publication of the UN Economic Commission for Africa and the African Union Commission.
Invitation 6th joint auc eca annual conference - industrialisation for an e...Dr Lendy Spires
This document announces the Sixth Joint AUC/ECA Annual Conference of African Ministers of Finance, Planning and Economic Development to be held from March 21-24, 2013 in Abidjan, Cote d'Ivoire. The conference will focus on the theme of "Industrialisation for an Emerging Africa" and bring together African ministers and officials to discuss strategies for accelerating industrialization and economic transformation on the continent in order to sustain recent economic growth and reduce poverty. Key topics will include developing effective industrial policies, planning industrialization, and financing Africa's industrialization agenda. The expected outcomes are a ministerial policy statement and recommendations to inform discussions at the African Union Assembly and United Nations Economic and Social Council.
The document is a report by the Economic Commission for Africa and the African Union Commission titled "Governing development in Africa - the role of the state in economic transformation". It examines the role of the state in promoting economic transformation in Africa. The report finds that while some African states have pursued policies to transform their economies, overall progress has been limited. It argues that African countries need to develop "developmental states" capable of planning and implementing long-term development strategies. The report provides recommendations for how African states can enhance their role in economic transformation by strengthening institutions, implementing focused industrial policies, and investing in areas like research and social policy.
Does africa need the bw is challenges v4Mark Ellyne
This document discusses Africa's economic challenges and its relationship with the International Monetary Fund (IMF) and Bretton Woods institutions. It provides an overview of the IMF and World Bank's intervention models in African countries. It also examines the Washington Consensus policies promoted by these institutions in the 1980s, including fiscal discipline, trade liberalization, and privatization. While these policies aimed to address Africa's deficient economic policies, their results were mixed, with average growth rates remaining low. Critics argue the policies failed to consider local contexts and market failures. Overall, the document analyzes debates around the IMF's role and the effectiveness of its policy advice in Africa.
Africa APPG- IMF's Regional Economic Outlook for Sub-Saharan Africa (October ...The Royal African Society
These are the slides from a presentation made by the Africa Deputy Director of the IMF, Roger Nord to the Africa All Party Parliamentary Group in UK Parliament on 8th December 2014.
This is a summary of the IMF's Regional Economic Outlook for Sub-Saharan Africa (October 2014). Available here http://bit.ly/1x52mAc
Follow the Africa APPG on Twitter @AfricaAPPG
For more information on the Africa APPG visit- http://bit.ly/1SSrIcR and to sign up to the APPG public mailing list register here- http://bit.ly/1oF83Cp
The Africa APPG is supported by the Royal African Society.
This document provides an overview and analysis of economic trends in Africa in 2002 based on a report by the Economic Commission for Africa. It finds that while Africa saw faster growth than other developing regions in 2001, overall growth levels remained low and uneven across countries. Key factors influencing African economies included slowing global growth, fluctuating commodity prices, steady growth in tourism and remittances, increased exports to the US under trade programs, and a shift toward more private capital flows and foreign direct investment. However, aid levels to Africa remained low and volatile. The report examines economic performance and policies in several African countries case studies and provides projections for GDP growth in 2002.
Regional Economic Outlook: Middle East and Central Asia UpdateRoozbeh Molavi
Growth for countries in the Middle East, North Africa, Afghanistan, and Pakistan (MENAP) region has weakened but remains broadly stable in the Caucasus and Central Asia (CCA). Volatile oil prices, restrained oil production, and tighter domestic monetary conditions in most oil exporters add to headwinds from slowing global growth. Elevated public debt in oil importers limits capacity to address critical infrastructure and social needs, restrains growth, and leaves economies vulnerable to external shocks. A more challenging external environment increases the urgency across all regions of further growth-friendly fiscal consolidation and structural reform efforts to enhance resilience and deliver higher and more inclusive private-sector-led growth.
Af db oecd uneca african economic outlook barcelona 28 june 2010 tcm4-52158Dr Lendy Spires
This document summarizes the key findings of the 2010 African Economic Outlook report published by the United Nations Economic Commission for Africa. It discusses the report's projections of economic growth in Africa between 2010 and 2011, noting growth rates around 4.5% in 2010 and 5.2% in 2011 on average across the continent. It also summarizes some of the drivers of growth in Africa like commodity prices and trade, as well as challenges including uneven impact of the global crisis and risks to continued growth from factors like global economic conditions and food prices.
C:\Users\Wb186291\Documents\Blog\Ready To Post\WtoseminarThe World Bank
The document discusses Africa's economic growth and challenges before and during the global crisis. Before the crisis, Africa saw sustained growth averaging 4% annually in 22 non-oil countries from 1998-2008, due to higher commodity prices, increased aid and capital flows, and improved policies. However, Africa was still hit hard by the crisis through declines in private capital, remittances, tourism, and commodity prices. This caused growth to decline and increased poverty, reversing a decade of progress. The document outlines Africa's medium-term challenges of infrastructure deficits, competitiveness, youth unemployment, and climate change risks to agriculture.
The document summarizes the global economic outlook following the 2008 financial crisis. It discusses different theories on the shape and strength of economic recoveries after financial crises. It then analyzes the economic situations and outlooks of various regions and countries around the world, including challenges faced by developed economies in Europe and growth prospects for emerging economies such as China, India, and countries in the Middle East.
Similar to Africa and the global crisis: Can Africa continue to grow? (20)
The document discusses frameworks for international cooperation to implement the 2030 Agenda. It outlines three types of policy actions: universal implementation, provision of global public goods, and international cooperation with less developed countries. It presents the 2030 Agenda cooperation framework, which involves national sustainable development strategies, provision of global public goods, and international development cooperation. It also discusses various modalities of cooperation, contributions to providing global public goods, and the roles of the G20 and Development Working Group in strengthening international cooperation.
The document summarizes work done by the OECD on infrastructure investment in the G20. It discusses the OECD's past contributions, current work, and areas of potential future focus. The OECD has delivered guidance and frameworks to the G20 on improving infrastructure governance and financing. Current work includes addressing data gaps through the Infrastructure Data Initiative. Looking ahead, the OECD will focus on developing quality infrastructure principles and convening international partners to coordinate efforts.
The document discusses UNESCO's work related to skills development and linking education and training to labor market needs. It addresses several topics: 1) The importance of skills development for achieving the UN Sustainable Development Goals, especially goals 4 and 8. 2) The need to change human capital investment approaches to meet changing labor market needs due to automation, digital skills, etc. 3) Examples of UNESCO programs focused on skills anticipation, technical and vocational education and training to improve employability. 4) Challenges with skills data coordination and the need to better link education, labor and private sector data.
GICA is a G20 initiative that promotes global infrastructure connectivity through knowledge sharing and cooperation. It focuses on cross-border and cross-sector connectivity. Key GICA activities include identifying connectivity resources and gaps, sharing best practices, mapping connectivity initiatives, and monitoring connectivity progress. GICA also develops tools to help move connectivity visions to programs to projects, such as a project readiness checklist. Future plans include outlining global connectivity outlooks and trends, sharing case studies, and identifying additional resources on cross-sector connectivity issues.
This document discusses human capital investment and outlines a three pillar approach:
1. The Human Capital Index measures and tracks the productivity of future workers based on their expected health and education outcomes.
2. Improving measurement and research of human capital formation to better support investment decisions.
3. Engaging countries to develop national strategies to accelerate progress on human capital through early adopters.
Key areas of focus are improving survival rates, quality of education, adult health, and creating an aligned education system focused on learning outcomes.
The document discusses strategies used by the UN SDG Action Campaign to engage citizens and sustain momentum for achieving the UN Sustainable Development Goals. It describes global events like the annual Global Day to Act4SDGs on September 25th to mark the anniversary of the SDGs. It also highlights campaigns using new technologies like augmented reality illustrations of the SDGs and social media engagement. Additionally, it mentions the Global Festival of Action for Sustainable Development and SDG Action Awards to inspire action and recognize innovators. The MyWorld survey aims to empower all people to have a say in progress on the SDGs.
This document discusses engaging citizens in the SDGs and provides recommendations. It covers:
1) The need to engage citizens and stakeholders due to a whole-of-society agenda, low public trust, and new media landscape.
2) Lessons learned from 3 years of SDG engagement including the importance of commitment, becoming better listeners, involving all sectors, and connecting through stories and data.
3) Next steps for G20 members to further support communication, such as campaigns for gender equality, engaging businesses, and finding new development narratives.
The document discusses promoting women's economic empowerment through four focus topics: labor, digital, financial, and rural. It notes that 50% of women do not have an income of their own, women are overrepresented in part-time and low quality jobs, and only 40% of women have access to bank accounts. The document makes recommendations to address barriers women face in education, future of work, social services, and more to promote gender equality.
Low- and middle-income countries need $1.4 trillion annually to achieve the Sustainable Development Goals. This requires tremendous investment in areas like health, education, agriculture, energy, water and sanitation, and infrastructure. However, scaling up investment is challenging due to slow economic growth, low existing investment rates, and declining fiscal balances in these countries. A robust policy framework is needed to deliver sustainable infrastructure and mobilize both public and private financing from domestic and international sources. The next 10-15 years will be crucial to shift investment towards a new growth path focused on sustainability.
The OECD Development Centre’s Social Institutions and Gender Index (SIGI) is a cross-country measure of discrimination against women in social institutions (formal and informal laws, social norms, and practices) across 160 countries. Discriminatory social institutions intersect across all stages of girls’ and women’s life, restricting their access to justice, rights and empowerment opportunities and undermining their agency and decision-making authority over their life choices. As underlying drivers of gender inequalities, discriminatory social institutions perpetuate gender gaps in development areas, such as education, employment and health, and hinder progress towards rights-based social transformation that benefits both women and men.
The SIGI covers five dimensions of discriminatory social institutions, spanning major socio-economic areas that affect women’s lives: discriminatory family code, restricted physical integrity, son bias, restricted resources and assets, and restricted civil liberties. The SIGI’s variables quantify discriminatory social institutions such as unequal inheritance rights, early marriage, violence against women, and unequal land and property rights. Through its 160 country profiles, country classifications and unique database, the SIGI provides a strong evidence base to more effectively address the discriminatory social institutions that hold back progress on gender equality and women’s empowerment!
Este documento analiza las perspectivas económicas de América Latina en 2017, centrándose en la juventud, las competencias y el emprendimiento. Señala que la región enfrenta desafíos como un lento crecimiento, altos niveles de pobreza y desigualdad, así como una baja productividad. Sin embargo, la gran proporción de jóvenes en la región, incluido Panamá, ofrece una oportunidad para impulsar el crecimiento si se empodera a los jóvenes con mejores oport
Presentación realizada por Sebastián Nieto Parra y Juan Vázquez Zamora.
Lima, Perú
16 de Marzo, 2016
Universidad del Pacífico
Accede al documento completo: http://bit.ly/2546iA3
Hacia una nueva asociación con China
Perspectivas Económicas de América Latina 2016
Presentación en el Senado de México (2/02/2016)
via @AngelMelguizo head of the Latin American and Caribbean Unit at @OECD_Centre
Essential Tools for Modern PR Business .pptxPragencyuk
Discover the essential tools and strategies for modern PR business success. Learn how to craft compelling news releases, leverage press release sites and news wires, stay updated with PR news, and integrate effective PR practices to enhance your brand's visibility and credibility. Elevate your PR efforts with our comprehensive guide.
Youngest c m in India- Pema Khandu BiographyVoterMood
Pema Khandu, born on August 21, 1979, is an Indian politician and the Chief Minister of Arunachal Pradesh. He is the son of former Chief Minister of Arunachal Pradesh, Dorjee Khandu. Pema Khandu assumed office as the Chief Minister in July 2016, making him one of the youngest Chief Ministers in India at that time.
केरल उच्च न्यायालय ने 11 जून, 2024 को मंडला पूजा में भाग लेने की अनुमति मांगने वाली 10 वर्षीय लड़की की रिट याचिका को खारिज कर दिया, जिसमें सर्वोच्च न्यायालय की एक बड़ी पीठ के समक्ष इस मुद्दे की लंबित प्रकृति पर जोर दिया गया। यह आदेश न्यायमूर्ति अनिल के. नरेंद्रन और न्यायमूर्ति हरिशंकर वी. मेनन की खंडपीठ द्वारा पारित किया गया
13062024_First India Newspaper Jaipur.pdfFIRST INDIA
Find Latest India News and Breaking News these days from India on Politics, Business, Entertainment, Technology, Sports, Lifestyle and Coronavirus News in India and the world over that you can't miss. For real time update Visit our social media handle. Read First India NewsPaper in your morning replace. Visit First India.
CLICK:- https://firstindia.co.in/
#First_India_NewsPaper
Africa and the global crisis: Can Africa continue to grow?
1. Léonce Ndikumana Director, Research Department African Development Bank 23 April 2009 Africa and the global crisis: Can Africa continue to grow? 9th Intenational Economic Forum on Africa, Paris, 5 June, 2009
2. Growth Africa still growing but slowdown is significant Source : OECD Development Centre / African Development Bank. 2008 Real GDP Growth (%)
3. Global Crisis Taking a toll on Africa’s growth prospects GDP Growth projections – then and now Source : OECD Development Centre / African Development Bank. 2008 April 08 Nov 08 Feb 09 May 09
4. Growth Regional disparities (May forecasts) Southern Africa hit severely: Oil (Angola) Minerals (Botswana) 2007 2008(e) 2009(p) 2010(p) February May February May GDP Growth Rate in percentage Central Africa 4.0 5.0 2.8 2.0 3.6 3.2 Eastern Africa 8.8 7.3 5.5 5.1 5.7 5.5 Northern Africa 5.3 5.8 3.3 3.5 4.1 4.1 Southern Africa 7.0 5.2 0.2 -1.0 4.6 3.6 Western Africa 5.4 5.4 4.2 3.3 4.6 3.4 AFRICA 6.1 5.7 2.8 2.3 4.5 4.0 Memorandum items Sub-Saharan Africa 6.4 5.5 2.4 1.4 4.7 3.8 Oil-exporting countries 6.8 6.6 2.4 2.5 4.5 4.1 Oil importing countries 5.4 4.6 3.3 2.1 4.5 3.8
5.
6.
7.
8.
9.
10.
11. Léonce Ndikumana Director, Research Department African Development Bank 23 April 2009 Africa and the global crisis: Can Africa continue to grow? 9th Intenational Economic Forum on Africa, Paris, 5 June, 2009