presentation on advanced emmission control techniques

1. Advanced Emission Control
Techniques
• Your Name
• Date / Institution

2. Introduction
• • Vehicle emissions = major source of air
pollution.
• • Harmful gases: CO, NOx, HC, PM, SOx.
• • Goal: meet stricter emission norms (Bharat
Stage VI, Euro 6, etc.).

3. Pollutants from Automobiles
• • Carbon monoxide (CO): Incomplete
combustion.
• • Hydrocarbons (HC): Unburned fuel.
• • Nitrogen oxides (NOx): High temp
combustion.
• • Particulate matter (PM): Soot, diesel smoke.
• • Sulphur oxides (SOx): From sulphur in fuel.

4. Catalytic Converters
• • Use platinum, palladium, rhodium.
• • Convert harmful gases into harmless:
• - CO → CO₂
• - HC → H₂O + CO₂
• - NOx → N₂ + O₂
• • Three-way catalytic converter (TWC) is
common.

5. Exhaust Gas Recirculation (EGR)
• • Recirculates part of exhaust gas into intake.
• • Lowers combustion temperature.
• • Reduces NOx formation.
• • Widely used in diesel and petrol engines.

6. Diesel Particulate Filter (DPF)
• • Traps and removes soot/PM from exhaust.
• • Requires periodic regeneration (burning
collected soot).
• • Essential for BS-VI/Euro 6 diesel engines.

7. Selective Catalytic Reduction (SCR)
• • Uses urea/AdBlue injection into exhaust.
• • Converts NOx → N₂ + H₂O.
• • Very effective in heavy-duty diesel engines.

8. Advanced Techniques
• • Lean NOx Trap (LNT): Stores and reduces
NOx in lean-burn engines.
• • Gasoline Particulate Filters (GPF): For direct
injection petrol engines.
• • Hybrid/Electric tech: Reduce tailpipe
emissions drastically.

9. Future Trends
• • Integration of AI and sensors for smart
emission monitoring.
• • Alternative fuels: CNG, hydrogen, biofuels.
• • Electrification: EVs & fuel cell vehicles = zero
tailpipe emissions.

10. Conclusion
• • Advanced emission control = essential for
clean air.
• • Combination of catalytic converters, DPF,
EGR, SCR, and new fuels.
• • Path towards sustainable mobility and
greener future.

11. Q&A
• Thank You – Any Questions?