The document discusses the differences between active and passive voice. It defines voice as the form of a verb that shows whether the subject performs or has an action done to it. Active voice is a direct form where the subject performs the verb, while passive voice is an indirect form where the subject receives the action. Some reasons for using passive voice include when the agent is unknown, to emphasize the recipient of the action, or to make a statement more formal or polite. The document provides examples of changing sentences from active to passive voice in both present and past tenses.

1. Active and Passive Voice

2. What is voice?Voice is that form of a verb which shows whether what is denoted by the subjectdoes somethingorhas something doneto it.VOICEPassiveActive

3. What is active voice?A direct form of expression where the subject performs or "acts" the verb. Active voice is used in a clause whose subject expresses the agent of the main verb.The active voice is the most commonly used in many languages and represents the "normal" case in which the subject of the verb is the agent.e.g. The mason is building the wall.

4. What is passive voice?An indirect form of expression in which the subject receives the action.The passive voice is employed in a clause whose subject expresses the theme or patient of the verb.e.g. The wall is being built by the mason.

5. How to form passive voice?Verb to be (Tense) +Past ParticipleThis picture was painted by the painter.

6. Why do we use Passive voice?When the agent is unknown, unimportant or obvious from the context.

7. To make more polite or formal statements.

8. When the action is more important then the agent as in processes, instruction, events, reports, headlines, news items and advertisements.

9. To put emphasis on the agent.Active and Passive VerbActive = Doer + Active verb + ReceiverPassive = Receiver + Active verb + Doer

10. Active VoicePassive Voice

11. Active VoicePassive Voice

12. Simple Present Tensee.g. The boys are punished by the headmistress. The cat is fed by Mike. I am taught by Miss Gupta.

13. Compare active and passive sentences in Present TenseActive:Percylocksthe officeevery evening.Passive : The officeis locked by Percy every evening.

14. Simple Past Tensee.g. A letter was written by Ronald. The electrons were discoveredby Thomson.

15. Compare active and passive sentences in Present TenseActive:Percylocksthe officelast evening.Passive : The officewas locked by Percy last evening.